Product Family Design Methodology Using Object-Oriented Approach

The serious competition environment of global marke t requests the enterprise to change traditional product development strategy and a dopt new theory in order to meet diverse customer needs while maintaining near m ass production efficiency, which is the main philosophy of mass customization. P roduct family design is research focus at present and also is the core technolog y of DFMC (design for mass customization). Firstly, this paper explores the fund amental issues of product family, such as concepts of modularity, commonality/di versity, product platform and product family architecture etc. We compare the te rminology between product family and object-oriented approach in the next step. Thirdly, this paper puts forwards one product family design methodology based o n product platform and under different phase of product life cycle constrains, f or example, functional, assembly and service etc. At the end section of this pap er, we applied, the object-oriented approach in above mentioned product family design methodology to realize the design process. In one word, this paper propos ed one product family design methodology based on object oriented approach and p roduct life cycle consideration, especially the conjointness of characteristic o f OOA and concepts of product family. The main property of OOA are encapsulation , inherence and polymorphism. Encapsulation can represent the module or building blocks of product family. Inherence can be extended to describe the modularity and commonality, and also be used to construct variant space. Alternative specif ic of product family architecture can be embodied with polymorphism. And fin aly, we give the future work contents. In order to derive the product platform a nd achieve modularity and commonality/diversity, interface management between bu ilding block is necessary. The question is how the OOA can be applied in interfa ce management to get our aim OOA is the basis of many information management sy stem, then the question is how to build one system to manage the information of product family and support mass customization The third question is how to deve lop one computer aided tool to facilitate the application of OOA for product fam ily design, even be used to category of design for mass customization.

Multi-objective optimization of methane production system from biomass through anaerobic digestion

This work addressed the multi-objective optimization of a biogas production system considering both environmental and economic criteria. A mixed integer non-linear programming(MINLP) model was established and solved with non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ, from which the Pareto fronts, the optimal technology combinations and operation conditions were obtained and analyzed. It's found that the system is feasible in both environmental and economic considerations after optimization. The most expensive processing section is decarbonization; the most expensive equipment is anaerobic digester; the most power-consuming processing section is digestion, followed by decarbonization and waste management. The positive green degree value on the process is attributed to processing section of digestion and waste management. 3:1 chicken feces and corn straw, solar energy, pressure swing adsorption and 3:1 chicken feces and rice straw, solar energy, pressure swing adsorption are turned out to be two robust technology combinations under different prices of methane and electricity by sensitivity analysis. The optimization results provide support for optimal design and operation of biogas production system considering environmental and economic objectives.

Extended Object Model for Product Configuration Design

This paper presents an extended object model for case-based reasoning （CBR） in product configuration design. In the extended object model, a few methods of knowledge expression are adopted, such as constraints, rules, objects, etc. On the basis of extended object model, case representation model for CBR is applied to product configuration design system. The product configuration knowledge can be represented by the extended object. The model can support all the processes of CBR in product configuration design, such as case representation, indexing, retrieving, and case revising. The presented model is an extension of the traditional object-oriented model by including the relationship class used to express the relation between the cases, constraints class used in the product configuration knowledge representation, index class used in ease retrieving, and solution class used in case revising. Therefore, the product configuration knowledge used in the product configuration design can be represented by using this model. In the end, a metering pump product configuration design system is developed on the basis of the proposed product configuration model to support customized products.

Conversion of Object Oriented System into Software Product Line with Delta Modeling Abstract Behavioral Specification

This article contains a system conversion from object oriented design into Software Product Line (SPL) using delta modeling of Abstract Behavioral Specification (ABS). ABS is a modeling language which targets system with high level of variety and supports SPL development with delta modeling. The case study of this thesis is a digital library system called Library Automation and Digital Archive (LONTAR). Originally, LONTAR only uses SOAP-based web service. With ABS, LONTAR will be converted into SPL and implement another web service called REST. The motivation of this conversion of LONTAR from object oriented into SPL is because it is easier to develop system with ABS than using regular object oriented. Product definition in ABS is relatively easier than creating a new subclass and do customization to make it works well.

Multi-Objective Production Planning Using Lexicographic Procedure

This paper presents a multi-objective production planning model for a factory operating under a multi-product, and multi-period environment using the lexicographic (pre-emptive) procedure. The model objectives are to maximize the profit, minimize the total cost, and maximize the Overall Service Level (OSL) of the customers. The system consists of three potential suppliers that serve the factory to serve three customers/distributors. The performance of the developed model is illustrated using a verification example. Discussion of the results proved the efficacy of the model. Also, the effect of the deviation percentages on the different objectives is discussed.

Objectives and Strategies of Online Public Opinion Analysis on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products

Agriculture is the foundation of the national economic development and is the basic production and living of human society.In recent years,the development of Internet technology provides information sharing platform for people,and more and more people begin to pay close attention to the dynamic of agricultural production and related industries,especially the quality and safety of agricultural products,much attention has been paid to safety issues.In view of its importance and closeness to the daily life of the public,it is necessary to pay great attention to the mass public opinions on the quality and safety of agricultural products,find out the crux of the problem through scientific research and judgment,and respond to the public questions in a timely manner.In this way,the value of relevant public opinion information can be utilized to provide an important basis for relevant departments to make correct decisions.

Sequencing Mixed-model Production Systems by Modified Multi-objective Genetic Algorithms

As two independent problems,scheduling for parts fabrication line and sequencing for mixed-model assembly line have been addressed respectively by many researchers.However,these two problems should be considered simultaneously to improve the efficiency of the whole fabrication/assembly systems.By far,little research effort is devoted to sequencing problems for mixed-model fabrication/assembly systems.This paper is concerned about the sequencing problems in pull production systems which are composed of one mixed-model assembly line with limited intermediate buffers and two flexible parts fabrication flow lines with identical parallel machines and limited intermediate buffers.Two objectives are considered simultaneously：minimizing the total variation in parts consumption in the assembly line and minimizing the total makespan cost in the fabrication/assembly system.The integrated optimization framework,mathematical models and the method to construct the complete schedules for the fabrication lines according to the production sequences for the first stage in fabrication lines are presented.Since the above problems are non-deterministic polynomial-hard（NP-hard）,a modified multi-objective genetic algorithm is proposed for solving the models,in which a method to generate the production sequences for the fabrication lines from the production sequences for the assembly line and a method to generate the initial population are put forward,new selection,crossover and mutation operators are designed,and Pareto ranking method and sharing function method are employed to evaluate the individuals＇ fitness.The feasibility and efficiency of the multi-objective genetic algorithm is shown by computational comparison with a multi-objective simulated annealing algorithm.The sequencing problems for mixed-model production systems can be solved effectively by the proposed modified multi-objective genetic algorithm.

面向流程制造的数字孪生车间可视化监控系统研究

为了解决流程制造过程监控实时性差、准确性不足的问题,在数字孪生技术迅速发展且与制造业结合愈发紧密的背景下,提出基于生产要素数据、生产工艺流程与多工序设备实体对象的数字孪生车间可视化监控系统架构。从要素、状态、运行逻辑等多个维度对多工序耦合生产线实体对象进行孪生建模,基于OPC UA统一架构的数据采集传输,虚拟车间的实时驱动等关键技术,实现了流程制造设备状态、生产要素工艺全流程三维可视化监控。基于某流程制造企业制丝生产试验线开展了应用验证,为提升流程制造过程中全生产要素的预见性、联动性、自治性提供了方法和实现途径。

融合设备状态和产品要求的电解铜箔制造工艺参数优化

针对当前电解铜箔制造工艺参数的优化仅考虑产品要求的问题,提出了一种融合设备状态和产品要求的电解铜箔制造工艺参数优化方法。首先,为辨识铜箔制造中工艺、设备与产品参数之间的非线性关系,建立了基于神经网络的“工艺-设备”与产品参数的映射模型,并通过构建当前生产模式与历史生产模式的相似性度量方法,确定当前工艺参数的优化初始点;然后,基于所建立的映射模型、设备状态和产品要求构建多目标约束函数,并利用遗传算法优化工艺参数,获得同时满足设备状态和产品要求的最佳工艺参数。企业的生产验证表明:相较于仅考虑产品要求的工艺优化方法,所提方法优化后的工艺参数能在相同的设备状态下获得质量更好的产品,在常温/高温抗拉强度、常温/高温延伸率和树脂剥离强度这5项关键指标上,分别提升了6.1 MPa、6.1 MPa、1.9%、0.7%和0.22 N/mm,生箔制备和表面处理的生产效率也提高了2.65%和7.5%,能够有效保证并提高铜箔的质量和生产效益。

Feature-based and objectoriented product information model for welding structure

Product information model for welding structure plays an important role for the integration of welding CAD/CAPP/CAM. However, existing CAD modeling systems are not capable of providing enough information for subsequent manufacturing activities such as CAPP and CAM. A new design approach using feature technique and object oriented programming method is put forward in this paper in order to create the product information model of welding structure. With this approach, the product information model is able to effectively support computer aided welding process planning, fixturing, assembling, path planning of welding robot and other manufacturing activities. The feature classification and representing scheme of welding structure are discussed. A prototype system is developed based on feature and object oriented programming. Its structure and functions are given in detail.

综合教学目标导向的课程教学体系创新——基于BOPPPS方法的探索

立足于人力资源管理课程教学面临的新问题,为实施完成人力资源管理教学的知识、能力与素养培养目标,采用BOPPPS教学方法对人力资源管理课程教学体系创新。以绩效管理章节为例,通过在导言、学习目标/结果、先测、参与式学习、后测、总结和产学研拓展7个阶段针对知识、能力与素养不同教学目标而实施不同的策略,探索人力资源管理课程教学体系创新。期望能够解决人力资源管理教学面临的问题,同时给其他课程改革带来启示。

汽车整车多级生产线协同排序优化方法

为满足汽车整车生产线不同工艺车间对车身序列的不同需求,提高汽车生产线多工艺车间的协同生产能力并降低生产成本,提出一种面向汽车整车多级生产线的协同排序优化方法。分析了汽车生产过程中不同工艺车间对车身序列的不同需求,在考虑焊接车间车型更换次数、涂装车间颜色更换次数、总装车间总超载和空闲时间、总装车间物料消耗均衡等传统优化目标的基础上,搭建了缓冲区重排序成本的目标函数,并以此构建了汽车整车多级生产线协同排序多目标优化模型,然后采用基于启发式出入站规则的第三代非支配排序遗传算法对模型进行优化求解。最后通过某公司的实际生产案例,验证了所提模型和方法的有效性。

A web product data management system based on Simple Object Access Protocol

A new web product data management architecture is presented. The three-tier web architecture and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) are combined to build the web-based product data management (PDM) system which includes three tiers: the user services tier, the business services tier, and the data services tier. The client service component uses the server-side technology, and Extensible Markup Language (XML) web service which uses SOAP as the communication protocol is chosen as the business service component. To illustrate how to build a web-based PDM system using the proposed architecture, a case PDM system which included three logical tires was built. To use the security and central management features of the database, a stored procedure was recommended in the data services tier. The business object was implemented as an XML web service so that client could use standard internet protocols to communicate with the business object from any platform. In order to satisfy users using all sorts of browser, the server-side technology and Microsoft ASP.NET was used to create the dynamic user interface.

考虑个体客户满意度的多车程生鲜品配送路径优化

随着生鲜电商的兴起,生鲜品的道路运输量越来越大,其配送任务越来越复杂,提升客户满意度是生鲜品配送的重要目标组成。文章以一个具有配送自主权的生鲜品供应商为研究对象,以整个计划周期内生鲜品配送的车辆运输成本最小及客户满意度最大为双目标,且客户满意度从顾客的个体视角考虑,构建双目标多车程带时间窗及考虑订单打包时间的车辆路径优化模型。基于ε-约束方法,设计了两阶段变邻域搜索(VNS)和模拟退火(SA)相结合的元启发式算法,基于车辆构造初始路线,并针对性地提出了3点改进措施,包括通过数学性质推导下界、减少求解过程中不必要的搜索空间以及规避求解过程中被支配解的后优化处理。最后,以Solomon标准算例为基础构造算例对所设计的算法进行了计算实验,其求解结果表明:其设计的算法具有有效性,并通过敏感性分析得出相关管理启示。

基于向量叉乘标签分配的遥感图像目标检测算法

近年来遥感图像目标检测受到了广泛的关注,主流的遥感图像目标检测器通过预设锚框与真实框之间的交并比(IoU)进行正负样本的划分。为了解决基于IoU的标签分配方法在遥感图像小而密集目标中存在复检和漏检的问题,本文提出了一种基于向量叉乘标签分配的遥感图像目标检测算法YOLOXR。首先,提出了一种标签粗分配策略,通过向量叉乘的方法判断特征图的像素点是否在旋转目标内或者目标中心点附近的旋转正方形框内,从而确定其是否为候选正样本。其次,为了降低边缘低质量候选正样本对标签分配的影响,提出了旋转中心度量方法,通过向量叉乘判断像素点距离中心点的远近程度进而赋予不同的权重。最后,基于最优传输的方法(sim OTA)选取真实框和样本点的最优匹配对,使得总体代价最小,进而为旋转目标分配合适的标签。此外,为了解决旋转IoU损失不可导以及Smooth L1损失难以权衡旋转框各个参数的问题,通过计算真实框和预测框二维高斯分布的Kullback-Leibler散度(KLD)来替代IoU。在公开的遥感图像目标检测数据DOTA、HRSC 2016和UCAS-AOD上的大量实验表明,所提方法优于目前绝大多数旋转目标检测算法。

新质生产力发展水平评估与时空格局分析——基于“先进性—发展潜力—实现水平”的三维测算

基于新质生产力的客观存在性、动态发展性和价值创造功能,本文从生产力的先进性、发展潜力和实现水平3个维度构建地区新质生产力发展水平评价指标体系,利用CRITIC-熵权法测算2012—2022年我国30个省份的新质生产力发展指数,采用Dagum基尼系数分解、标准差椭圆与重心迁移模型、Markov链分析等方法刻画新质生产力发展的时空格局,结果表明:在样本期内,各地新质生产力发展水平持续提高,但呈现出东高西低的空间分布特征;新质生产力发展水平的地区差异先缩小(2012—2016年)后扩大(2016—2021年),地区差异及其变化主要来源于东、中、西三大区域之间;三大区域间的差异,东部与西部最大,东部与中部次之,中部与西部最小;区域内各省份间的差异,东部最大,西部次之,中部最小;新质生产力空间分布重心位于河南省内,并先向西(2012—2017年)后向南(2017—2022年)移动;新质生产力在空间上趋于集中分布(标准差椭圆面积减小);各省份新质生产力的相对发展水平较为稳定,总体呈现上升趋势和“俱乐部收敛”趋势;地区新质生产力相对发展水平的变化受到邻域新质生产力发展的影响,各地新质生产力发展和地区间的相互影响共同推动新质生产力空间格局的演进。

干湿循环下复合激发膏体充填材料宏-细-微观强化与损伤特性

为探明盐-碱复合激发膏体充填材料的性能变化规律及干湿循环作用下充填体结构多尺度损伤机制,对以脱硫石膏和水泥熟料为复合激发剂的膏体充填材料进行多目标优化,并对最优配比下的充填体试块进行0~25次干湿循环,开展抗压强度、X射线衍射(XRD)、低场核磁共振(NMR)、扫描电镜(SEM)试验,揭示充填体宏观力学行为和微细观结构演化规律。研究结果表明:充填材料最优配比是矿渣掺量为50%,脱硫石膏与水泥熟料质量比为3:7,硅灰掺量为2.5%。随着干湿循环次数的增加,充填体宏观表现为抗压强度的折减及累积电导率升高,干湿循环10次时出现拐点,质量损失率和强度损失率分别达极小值-1.91%和-8.36%;在细观尺度上,T2谱反演良好,干湿循环作用10次后,横向弛豫时间逐渐右移且谱面积增大,表明膏体充填材料孔隙尺寸及数量随着干湿循环次数增加而增大;微观尺度上,钙矾石、石膏和方解石等侵蚀产物的膨胀结晶应力加速了微观孔隙结构的发育,反复干湿循环作用削减了C-S-H凝胶的黏聚力,由最初的堆叠蜂窝状劣化为小块状。综合宏、细、微观结构演变规律可知,孔隙结构的损伤演化与力学性能的劣化特征具有较好的同步性。

中国城乡融合背景下新质生产力的培育:内在逻辑、形成机制与实践路向

中国城乡融合背景下新质生产力的培育是推动社会经济全面发展与协调发展的关键力量,对加快城乡融合具有重要的理论与现实意义。中国城乡融合背景下新质生产力是一种以科技创新、数字化转型和生态化转型为核心,旨在促进城乡间要素自由流动、缩小发展差距,并通过优化劳动者素质和劳动资料赋能劳动对象价值升级,实现生产效率和质量全面提升的变革之力。一方面,新质生产力可赋能中国城乡融合完满实现;另一方面,中国城乡融合可创新新质生产力实践路向。形成机制方面,新质生产力外显于劳动者、劳动对象与劳动资料,因此可通过作用于上述三种生产力构成要素来提升新质生产力。为此,应改善劳动投入,赋能劳动者全面发展;推动新质产业和生态环境优化,赋能劳动对象全面迭代;加快技术创新,赋能劳动资料全面升级,以培育新质生产力,从而推动城乡融合协同发展。

基于混合鲸鱼算法的风电玻板生产智能排程

针对产品多级顺序齐套、异构并行机任务配置等复杂特征的风电玻板生产排程问题,考虑设备区域式分布、混胶工艺和换型准备等约束,建立以最大化设备利用率、最大化履约率、最大化同托卷工单顺序完工率等为指标的多目标优化模型,改进设计求解该排程模型的混合多目标鲸鱼优化算法。通过三段式编码方式将连续型鲸鱼算法离散化,引入精英策略以提升鲸鱼优化算法的收敛速度,并加入变邻域搜索算法,提高算法的全局搜索能力。通过仿真对比验证了算法的有效性,并基于制造执行系统进行实际应用,研究成果为风电玻板生产排程智能决策提供了有效的解决方法。