基于Fredlund&Xing参数下不同雨型边坡渗透稳定性分析

为研究Fredlund&Xing模型不同非饱和土参数a、m、n在不同雨型下对边坡渗流特性以及稳定性影响,利用Geo-slope软件中的Seep/W和Slope/W模块进行流固耦合计算,分析了总降雨量为0.1m下不同参数在平均型,前锋型,中锋型以及后锋型降雨下对坡顶和坡脚监测点的孔压以及边坡稳定性的变化规律,得出了安全系数的变化曲线,计算结果表明:不同参数下,坡顶处孔压先增大,后逐渐降低,坡脚处孔压先增大,后保持不变;安全系数总体上呈现持续下降的趋势;参数a与进气值相关,a值越小孔压变化越剧烈;参数m与剩余含水量有关,但不同m值之间孔压相差不大;参数n与土-水特征曲线的斜率有关,n越大,孔压变化速率越大,安全系数降幅越大;不同降雨雨型影响了坡顶和坡脚孔压达到最大值的时刻,对安全系数影响较小.研究成果为不同非饱和参数土体在不同降雨雨型下边坡稳定性分析和治理提供了参考.

Image Mathematics—Mathematical Intervening Principle Based on “Yin Yang Wu Xing” Theory in Traditional Chinese Mathematics (I)

By using mathematical reasoning, this paper demonstrates the mathematical intervening principle: “Virtual disease is to fill his mother but real disease is to rush down his son” (虚则补其母, 实则泄其子) and “Strong inhibition of the same time, support the weak” (抑强扶弱) based on “Yin Yang Wu Xing” Theory in image mathematics of Traditional Chinese Mathematics (TCMath). We defined generalized relations and generalized reasoning, introduced the concept of steady multilateral systems with two non-compatibility relations, and discussed its energy properties. Later based on the intervention principle in image mathematics of TCMath and treated the research object of the image mathematics as a steady multilateral system, it has been proved that the mathematical intervening principle is true. The kernel of this paper is the existence and reasoning of the non-compatibility relations in steady multilateral systems, and it accords with the oriental thinking model.

Evolution Rules and Spatial Features of Traditional Settlements in Fukou Xing Region

As one of the eight Taihang passes,Fukou Xing is located in the south of the Taihang Mountains and has been an important passage for Shanxi and Hebei in history.Taking traditional settlements in Fukou Xing Region as research object,using the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer(ASTER) Global Digital Elevation Model(GDEM)(remote sensing measurement of elevation data) and GIS platform,this paper made a quantitative study on traditional settlement space in mountain environment of this region,and studied space parameters including elevation,terrain,aspect,and boundary,observed and summarized the spatial features.In addition,based on the local chronicles of Ming and Qing dynasties,it mutually verified the quantitative conclusions and qualitative cognition,analyzed the evolution rules of traditional settlements in Fukou Xing region,and finally obtained new understandings of spatial features of traditional settlements in Fukou Xing region.

基于Fredlund&Xing模型的渗流分析在川东红层梯田滑坡中的应用

四川省巴中市通江县新场镇七家沟村二社水头上滑坡为川东典型红层梯田滑坡,区内类似斜坡覆盖范围广泛,但针对该地区此类滑坡的渗流分析研究较少。在对滑坡区进行大量野外调查、勘查、资料收集的基础上,综合运用卫星遥感、无人机航拍、机载LiDAR、室内试验等技术手段,基于Fredlund&Xing土水特征曲线数学模型,采用Geo-Studio中SEEP/W模块进行渗流分析,将不同时间阶段分析结果与SLOPE/W模块耦合,继而得到稳定系数与降雨、时间之间的动态变化关系,揭示了滑坡的变形过程和形成机理。研究显示:(1)连续降雨促使坡体地下水位升高,稳定性降低,最终导致水头上滑坡整体失稳破坏;(2)滑坡变形过程、地下水出露特征与Geo-Studio计算结果基本吻合,说明基于Fredlund&Xing数值模拟在类似地区能提供较为准确的模拟结果;(3)开垦梯田(水田)会降低坡体稳定性。研究结果可为四川山区类似滑坡灾害进行隐患排查和主动防范提供理论支撑,为防灾减灾提供参考依据。

Mathematical Reasoning of Treatment Principle Based on “Yin Yang Wu Xing” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine

By using mathematical reasoning, this paper demonstrates the treatment principle: “Virtual disease is to fill his mother but real disease is to rush down his son” and “Strong inhibition of the same time, support the weak” based on “Yin Yang Wu Xing” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). We defined two kinds of opposite relations and one kind of equivalence relation, introduced the concept of steady multilateral systems with two non-compatibility relations, and discussed its energy properties. Later based on the treatment of TCM and treated the healthy body as a steady multilateral system, it has been proved that the treatment principle is true. The kernel of this paper is the existence and reasoning of the non-compatibility relations in steady multilateral systems, and it accords with the oriental thinking model.

Mathematical Reasoning of Treatment Principle Based on “Yin Yang Wu Xing” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (II)

By using mathematical reasoning, this paper demonstrates the treatment principle: “Do not treat a disease after it has occurred. But treat the disease before it will occur” (不治已病治未病) based on “Yin Yang Wu Xing” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). We defined generalized relations and reasoning, introduced the concept of generalized steady multilateral systems, and discussed its energy properties. Later based on the treatment of TCM and treated the healthy body as a steady multilateral system, it has been proved that the treatment principle above is true. The kernel of this paper is the existence and reasoning of the non-compatibility relations in steady multilateral systems, and it accords with the oriental thinking model.

Acupuncture Treating Dystrophy Based on pH <br/>—Mathematical Reasoning of Treatment Principle Based on Yin Yang Wu Xing Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (III)

Theory of both Zangxiang (藏象) and Jingluo (经络) is useful in understanding disease. By using mathematical reasoning based on Yin Yang Wu Xing Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this paper demonstrates the treatment principle: “Searching for a root cause of disease in cure, treatment of both the root-cause and symptoms at the same time” (治病求本, 标本兼治). It means that for a human body, there is the mathematical structure of both Zangxiang and Jingluo as her/his second physiological system. It can be used to determine both the root-cause and symptoms of the sick organ by using both Zangxiang and Jingluo. In general, for the human blood pH value, the normal range of theory is [7.34539, 7.45461] nearly to [7.35, 7.45], and the center is 7.4. The first or second transfer law of a human body’s energies changes according to the different blood pH values whether in the normal range or not. Human disease treatment should protect and maintain the balance of two incompatibility relations: the loving relationship and the killing relationship. As an application, acupuncture is used to treat limb-girdle muscular dystrophy.

醒脑开窍针刺法联合中药治疗脑梗死后轻度认知障碍的疗效观察

目的 观察醒脑开窍针刺法联合补肾益髓汤治疗脑梗死后轻度认知障碍的临床疗效。方法 将80例脑梗死后轻度认知障碍的患者随机分为研究组(40例)和对照组(40例)。两组均予基础治疗,研究组在基础治疗外另予醒脑开窍针刺法联合补肾益髓汤治疗。比较两组临床疗效,观察两组治疗前后简易精神状态检查表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)和Rivermead行为记忆测验(Rivermead behavioural memory test,RBMT)的评分变化,观察两组治疗前后连线测验-B(trail making test-B,TMT-B)结果、血清淀粉样蛋白A(serum amyloid A,SAA)和β-淀粉样蛋白(amyloid β-protein,Aβ)水平以及脑微循环指标(颈总动脉的平均血流量、最大血流速度、最小血流速度、临界压力、脉搏速度、特性阻抗、外周阻力和动态阻力)的变化。结果 研究组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组MMSE、MoCA和RBMT评分均高于同组治疗前(P<0.05),且研究组上述评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组TMT-B结果以及SAA和Aβ水平均优于同组治疗前(P<0.05),且研究组上述指标优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组脑微循环指标均较治疗前改善(P<0.05),且研究组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 在基础治疗以上,采用醒脑开窍针刺法联合补肾益髓汤治疗脑梗死后轻度认知障碍可提高临床疗效,能进一步改善患者认知功能,并调节SAA和Aβ水平。

Acupuncture Treating Heart Disease Based on Eight Palaces or Eight Veins <br/>—Mathematical Reasoning of Treatment Principle Based on Yin Yang Wu Xing Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (IV)

Theory of eight palaces (八宫) or eight veins (八脉) is useful in understanding the basic sick subsystems that may be to fall ills as the root-cause. By using mathematical reasoning based on Yin Yang Wu Xing Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this paper demonstrates the treatment principle: “Even if all changed, it is hard to change one’s nature” (江山易改, 本性难移). The eight palaces or eight veins can be used to diagnose basic sick subsystems that may be to fall ills as the root-cause. The first or second transfer law of human body energies of the eight palaces or eight veins according to the different blood pH values of a human body whether in the normal range or not, respectively, assuming that the range of blood pH value is divided into four parts from small to large. Both second and third are for a healthy human body. Both the root-cause and symptoms come from the first transfer law of human body energies. And both first and fourth are for an unhealthy human body. Both the root-cause and symptoms come from the second transfer law of human body energies. A disease treatment should protect and maintain the balance of two incompatibility relations: the loving relationship and the killing relationship. As an application, acupuncture is used to treat atrial premature beats as a congenital heart disease.

《儒行》篇:戴仁而行,抱义而处——孔子为儒者赋予价值规定的经学文本解读

在早期儒者转型的时点上,孔子致力于“君子儒”的建构,有意把儒者群体带出“小人儒”的困境。《儒行》篇是孔子第一次自觉而系统地为整个阶层的职业行为制定标准,率先为儒者立范立则,赋予仁义价值规定。“待聘”“待问”“待举”“待取”意味着早期儒者群体已经做好心理和行动的积极准备,耐心等候进用。儒者执持操行,面对货财乐好之利却不亏损道义。有道义充塞于心,具有强大的意志力和自制力,儒者无所畏惧,勇往直前,即便献出生命也在所不惜。儒者为道义而生,为道义而死。“往者不悔,来者不豫”则强调儒者须有抓住当下、直击本体的能力和品格。以忠信为甲胄,以礼义为干橹,戴仁而行,抱义而处,则是早期儒者队伍自觉告别“小人儒”的庄重宣言,足见风骨气节。“不临深而为高”则要求儒者不与世沉浮而建构独立的精神人格。

基于Fredlung&Xing非饱和参数与库水位骤降下的边坡渗透稳定性研究

为研究不同Fredlung&Xing非饱和参数对库水位骤降下滑坡的渗透特性及稳定性的影响,利用岩土工程专业软件geo-slope中的slope/w模块以及seep/w,以某库区滑坡为例,分析不同非饱和参数对不同库水位骤降下滑坡不同监测点的孔隙水压力变化以及滑坡稳定性的变化规律。计算结果表明:随着库水位的下降,不同滑坡监测点的孔压也不断减小,滑坡的安全系数总体上呈现先减小后增大的变化规律;a值较小、m值较大以及n值较大情况下发生库水位骤降时,滑坡的最小安全稳定系数相对较小。

Acupuncture Treating Heart Diseases Based on Sixty JiaZi and Eight Palaces <br/>—Mathematical Reasoning of Treatment Principle Based on Yin Yang Wu Xing Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (V)

Theory of Sixty JiaZi (60 甲子) is useful in understanding a human body disease. By using mathematical reasoning based on Yin Yang Wu Xing Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this paper demonstrates the treatment principle: “seize the momentum of development, hasten lucky avoids disaster” (顺势而为, 趋吉避凶). Sixty JiaZi is hidden behind eight palaces. The first or second transfer law of human body energies of Sixty JiaZi changes according to the different blood pH values of a human body whether in the normal range or not, respectively, assuming that the range of blood pH values of a human body is divided into four parts from small to large. Both second and third are for a healthy human body. Both the root-cause and symptoms come from the first transfer law of human body energies. And both first and fourth are for an unhealthy human body. Both the root-cause and symptoms come from the second transfer law of human body energies. The treating disease of a human body should protect and maintain the balance of two incompatibility relations: the loving relationship and the killing relationship. As an application, acupuncture is used to treat atrial premature beats as congenital heart disease.

邢窑六世纪晚期制瓷原料的同位素和微量元素分析

白瓷的出现是我国陶瓷历史上较为重要的技术突破,白瓷的烧制成功为后世青花瓷、彩绘瓷的繁荣奠定了重要基础,被誉为中国古陶瓷工艺发展史中的“第四里程碑”。因此,关于白瓷起源的问题就成为考古界和科技考古界关注的重要学术问题,而邢窑2012年考古发掘出土的北朝晚期窑炉和器物遗存自然成为研究白瓷起源的重要实物资料。本研究利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)和热电离质谱(TIMS)分析技术,对河北内丘城关服务楼窑址出土的北朝晚期至隋朝初期的早期瓷器样品胎釉原料进行分析,为邢窑早期瓷业的发展演变提供科学依据。结果表明邢窑早期瓷胎的微量元素统计模式明显可以分为两类,说明邢窑早期制瓷存在两种不同的胎料来源。邢窑陶工在开发早期白瓷这一新品种的过程中有意识地选择了一种有别于青瓷的更为优质的原料制胎,这种胎料中与锆石、锐钛矿等杂质赋存密切相关的V、Cr、Ni、Nb、Ta、Zr和Hf等微量元素含量普遍小于青瓷胎。锶(Sr)同位素混合模式分析表明,邢窑早期的大部分样品不符合草木灰配以胎料的制釉方式,应该是采用了草木灰混合其他制釉黏土。同时,早期白瓷釉与青瓷釉的锶同位素特征存在一定差异,说明在制作过程中邢窑陶工为了提高釉面白度对制釉工艺也进行了变革,体现了为创烧早期白瓷而做出的努力。这些结果为科学认知邢窑六世纪晚期制瓷原料的特点和来源提供依据,同时也为破解白瓷起源提供新的科技支撑。

中华感兴美学的元美学意义与当代创新

中华感兴美学是以“兴”为枢机,比兴和感兴交织互动、双向拓展、融会贯通的美学理论。“兴”是中华古典艺术和美学最重要的元范畴,感兴美学则是最具中华民族特色和精神气质的元美学。与西方“元美学”术语不同,中华感兴美学的元美学意义表现在“:兴”是中华古典艺术和美学的元范畴、“兴”在中国古典美学史上的地位堪比西方的“逻各斯”、感兴美学是中国古典美学的“开山之纲领”、感兴美学历来被誉为“诗学之正源,法度之准则”、感兴美学凝聚了中华美学独特的精神气质。开展感兴美学的元美学探源性研究和创新性研究,对于深化中国美学史和中华美学精神研究具有重要意义。应当在新的历史条件下复兴和创新中华感兴美学,使之全面进入当代美学、文艺学和艺术学理论。

性命之辨:儒家思想中的道德运气问题

性命之辨是中国哲学中的一个重要议题,不仅具有浓郁的道德意蕴,而且与现代道德运气问题内在相通。儒家虽然承认命运对人生具有重要的影响甚至是决定作用,但是将其限制在如贫富、寿夭等向外追求的领域,而坚决否认运气对于道德品性的决定作用。从德性生成的角度来说,所有人都具有仁心善性,因此并不存在所谓生成运气的问题;从德性养成的角度来说,虽然德性养成的过程中会遭遇原因运气、环境运气、结果运气,但是儒家认为这些运气因素都是外在于内在德性的,它们只会影响人们的行为,不能影响更不能决定人们内在的道德品性。因此,儒家在道德运气问题上实际上与西方伦理走上了一条不同的道路。

岭南与长江中下游:跨区域贸易背景下的徽商活动与皖南古村落

本文通过整理黟县卢村的相关书信,探讨清代徽商活动对徽州村落社会的影响。从中可见,至迟从盛清时代开始,黟县的经济就与跨区域之贸易活动密切相关。岭南的广州及长江中下游之汉口、九江和大通等,都与僻野山乡的卢村发生了颇为密切的关联。尤其是在茶叶经营中,从茶叶生产到销售过程的诸多环节上皆充满了竞争,理性的商人根据汉口、广州的茶市行情,精心策划营销策略、拟定购销规模,以争取自身利益的最大化。而从频繁的茶叶贸易中获取的利润则源源不断地流入皖南,促进了徽州村落社会的发展。

《沧浪诗话》诗歌体制论的误读与辩正

“体制”是严羽诗论的核心概念,但因习焉不察的割裂与混淆,其确切内涵与本来面目未能完整呈现,也妨碍了对严羽诗论体系及诗学思想的整体理解。藉由文本精析与逻辑归纳相结合,可知《沧浪诗话》中“体制”概念指向诗歌作品完整而具体的本体存在,这一基本内涵不因其《诗体》中辨体角度不同而互异。诗之“体制”不仅包含“词理意兴”等基本要素,且以“格力”“兴趣”“气象”“音节”等为之“用”,以更充分表现诗体的内在品质和艺术力量。其中“格力”以诗意为本,是诗中整体思想情感所表现的精神力量;“兴趣”以诗情为本,是诗体所表达的自然感发、含蓄蕴藉的情致和意趣;“气象”以诗象为本,是诗体所呈现的自然雄浑的整体艺术形象;“音节”以诗语为本,是诗体中充分韵律化、表意化的艺术语言。着眼于贯通式诗歌体制观,可对《沧浪诗话》的概念关系和整体结构获得更切近实际、更切合语境的理解。

论“卷阿”形胜观的内涵与嬗递

最早记载于《诗经》的“卷阿”有着独特的“飘风自南”自然山水景观。在考辨“有卷者阿”历史源流的基础上分析其发轫、形成及“形胜”特征,认为“卷阿”形胜观历经“自然景观空间-建筑空间-精神空间”的发展过程,由物质空间升华到精神空间的文化意象。在皇权观念中,以高大广阔的建筑景观空间寓于“有卷者阿”形态,体现君王礼贤下士、君子纳才的宽广胸怀;对于贤臣来说,彰显其所追求修身治国之抱负和聿修厥德的情操。诠释“卷阿”山水格局并传承其文化内涵,构建蕴含人文精神的风景游赏地,形成物质与精神交融的山水景观空间,以达育人、化人的目的。

孟子“乐”与“射”的双重隐喻

孟子乐喻中,金声玉振并非完全对应于奏乐的始终;“终条理”亦可理解为“已条理”“既条理”。“金石以动之”,如同战场之号令,金石之音皆可看作是乐曲的起始,起到节度各音的作用。从我国古代乐器实际演奏过程考虑,后世所理解的“以玉声振扬金声”的观点并不恰当;古人始终在尽量避免镈钟类乐器产生混响,又何需玉音振扬金声。赵岐、俞樾等所认为的“振扬玉音终始如一”、以玉声振扬金声,并非乐师演奏时所追求的和谐之境,仅为经师诠释经典时的意义建构。由于金石的稳定性,孟子乐喻还涉及金石之品质,为众音之准则。金声玉振不仅隐喻孔子兼具圣人之全德,还隐喻孔子为后世之法则。孟子乐、射二喻中,不应将智、圣二分看待。《五行》篇与孟子的不同处,还在于孟子以金玉喻始终条理,兼具圣智;而《五行》篇以金玉喻内外,又强调君子集大成,最终达到合内外的思想旨趣。

新工业诗歌:“新感性”及“西部”多维审美——兼谈马行的诗歌

随着20世纪末“打工诗”的盛行,工业诗歌的语言在市场化、消费化及数字时代发展中不断被标准化、同质化,断开了与人类、世界的密切关联。马行不再囿于集体抒情或个体视角,在勘探队员、诗人的双重维度上,从人性、物性、神性的角度深入工业日常探讨当代“西部”书写所表现出来的多维审美意蕴。诗人感性中的莽苍广阔的荒野,折射出“新感性”的忧虑与省思,在新工业诗歌中反思工业技术的物化、工业中心化,展示了新工业诗歌的开拓性、创造性,从单一诗化的“感性”中重构“新感性”中物与人、自然与现实、工业与新工业的关系,以敏感、活跃及超越意志进行纯净、豁达的哲理观照,从而构筑新工业诗歌中感性与理性、自然与科技的“和美”关系,展现“新工业诗歌”多维审美中建构“西部”大地上诗意栖居可能。