Objective To establish a comprehensive analytical method based on SPE‐UPLC‐MS for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A （BPA）, nonylphenol （NP）, and octylphenol （OP） in urine samples. Methods Sixty uri...Objective To establish a comprehensive analytical method based on SPE‐UPLC‐MS for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A （BPA）, nonylphenol （NP）, and octylphenol （OP） in urine samples. Methods Sixty urine samples collected from healthy subjects were analyzed for BPA, NP, and OP concentrations. The samples were de‐conjugated by adding β‐glucuronidase and sulfatase. After the enzymatic treatment, the samples were subjected to the OASIS HLB column solid phase extraction cartridges so as to be cleaned and concentrated. The UPLC separation was performed on a Acquity UPLCTM BEH C18 column （2.1×100 mm, 1.7 μm） with a gradient elution system of methanol‐water as the mobile phase. Triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometry analyzer was used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of UPLC‐MS/MS system. Results The limit of detection of BPA, NP, and OP was 0.10, 0.10, and 0.15 ng/mL, respectively. The recoveries of BPA, NP and OP were 80.1%‐108%, 81.3%‐109%, and 81.5%‐98.7%, respectively. Among the 60 urine samples, BPA was detected in 8 samples at the level of 0.297‐32.7ng/mL, NP was detected in 29 samples at the level of 1.69‐27.8 ng/mL, and OP was detected in 17 samples at the level of 0.407‐11.1 ng/mL. Conclusion The method is simple with high sensitivity and selectivity, and is suitable for the determination of BPA, NP, and OP in urine. As shown by our analysis , BPA, NP, and OP appear to be prevalent in human urine. This is particularly true for NP. The results from our study is therefore valuable for future studies to assess the exposure to BPA, NP, and OP in the general population.展开更多
The wide occurrence of estrogenic compounds 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A in surface water of Guanting Reservoir was successfully determined. The target compounds in water samples were preconcentrated...The wide occurrence of estrogenic compounds 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A in surface water of Guanting Reservoir was successfully determined. The target compounds in water samples were preconcentrated by liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane, derivatized by trifluoroacetic anhydride, and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) with selected ion monitoring(SIM). In the selected seven sampling sites(S1\_S7), the concentration of NP in sample S7 was significantly higher than the other in reservoir. The status of pollution in S3 and S7 were much more serious. The concentrations of OP, NP and BPA were in the range of 44.5—48.8, 221.6—349.6 and 30.2—82.7 ng/L, respectively. The pollutants were mainly inputted from the upper river and released from sediments in Guanting Reservoir.展开更多
In this study, the authors have investigated the effects of various factors on both aerobic and anaerobic degradation of 4-t-octylphenol （4-t-OP） in granular sludge. In comparison, the aerobic degradation rate was m...In this study, the authors have investigated the effects of various factors on both aerobic and anaerobic degradation of 4-t-octylphenol （4-t-OP） in granular sludge. In comparison, the aerobic degradation rate was much higher than that of anaerobic degradation. The optimal pH values for 4-t-OP degradation in granular sludge were 9 and 7 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. And the degradation rate decreased with an increase in the initial 4-t-OP concentration. Addition of yeast extract or homologous compounds such as phenol also enhanced the 4-t-OP degradation, especially under the aerobic condition. To investigate the bacterial community in this study, the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） method was applied, based on the primers, for the 16S rDNA V3 region of bacteria, γ-proteobacteria and bacillus were identified as the major species of sludge.展开更多
Spatial and temporal distribution of octylphenol （OP） and nonylphenol （NP） in Mai Po Marshes, a subtropical estuarine wetland in Hong Kong, were investigated. Surface water samples were collected every month from ...Spatial and temporal distribution of octylphenol （OP） and nonylphenol （NP） in Mai Po Marshes, a subtropical estuarine wetland in Hong Kong, were investigated. Surface water samples were collected every month from 11 sites during the period of September- December 2004. Concentrations of OP and NP ranged from 11.3 to 348 ng/L and from 29 to 2591 ng/L, respectively. The high levels of NP and OP were found in November and December than in September and October. The levels of OP and NP have no significant spatial differences except September. Total organic matter in the sediments appeared to be an important factor in controlling the fate of these compounds in the aquatic environment.展开更多
In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of...In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of 10 kGy and an initial concentration of 25 mg·L -1 , the degradation of 4-t-OP in a methanol/water reduction system is higher than in a acetonitrile/water oxidation system by 19.4% and higher than in an acetone/water system by 26.8%, which is due to both of ·OH and e aq - playing an important role in the decomposition of 4-t-OP, although the latter is more effective. The degradation rate of 4-t-OP will decrease with increment of absorbed dose in a methanol/water solution, and increase with decrement of initial concentration at a constant absorbed dose. The degradation efficiency will also decrease with the addition of anions and H 2 O 2 into the solution. A system saturated with N 2 will make an increment in the degradation of 4-t-OP. The pH value of solution has been also found to affect the degradation efficiency, while the degradation is more efficient in alkaline conditions. Finally, the initial products involved in degradation reaction have been determined to be ethylbenzene, styrene, bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and p-tert-butyl-phenol, which may arise from e aq - attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP molecule. The results have been revealed that EB irradiation is a promising method for degradation of 4-t-OP, and e aq - may be main reactive species to attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP.展开更多
4-tert-octylphenol (OP) is environmental pollutants that have been shown widespread impact estrogenic and toxic to the cells of mammals in culture. The effects of OP on the reproductive system of adult male vertebrate...4-tert-octylphenol (OP) is environmental pollutants that have been shown widespread impact estrogenic and toxic to the cells of mammals in culture. The effects of OP on the reproductive system of adult male vertebrates especially humans are virtually unknown. Thus, in the present investigation, pregnant females of albino rats were orally treated during pregnancy and until 21 days after birth (the period of lactation) with octylphenol (OP) at doses 0 (vehicle: corn oil), 40 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg on the epididymis of male rats at puberty (12 weeks of age). The present result showed that there is non-significant in the number;the size of newborn rats and there increased in mortality rate of newborn rats of the pregnant female treatment with dose low-and high-octylphenol compared to the control group. there is increased in the average body weight and percentage of gain in body weight of male rats from mothers of small treatment (G2, G3) and the control group (G1) for 12 weeks of age. Also, histological results showed that the adrenal gland in the group which was given high dose of octylphenol (G3) show that Severe histological changes in the cortex. When examining medulla and found large areas of necrosis and cell degradation, necrosis and cell death sharply.展开更多
[Objective]The research aimed to study synthesis of the TiO2 photocatalyst modified by Fe/C and photodegradation of 4-t-octylphenol.[Method]Fe/C modified TiO2 photocatalyst was made by sol-gel and solvothermal synthes...[Objective]The research aimed to study synthesis of the TiO2 photocatalyst modified by Fe/C and photodegradation of 4-t-octylphenol.[Method]Fe/C modified TiO2 photocatalyst was made by sol-gel and solvothermal synthesis methods.4-t-octylphenol as test object,photocatalytic performance of the catalyst was investigated.Influences of the Fe doping amount,catalyst amount,pH and sun-light irradiation on reaction were discussed.Moreover,catalyst performance under the condition of interfering ion existence was studied.[Result]When Fe/C doping amount was 0.6%,under the reaction condition of 25 ℃,pH =9.0,300 W mercury lamp and 1.0 g/L of catalyst amount,4-t-octylphenol concentration decreased from 1.00 to 0.02 mg/L by degradation for 100 min.Rises of pH and light intensity could improve catalyst efficiency.The existences of Na ＋,K ＋ and Ca2＋ had no effect on degradation activity of the catalyst.[Conclusion]Fe/C modified TiO2 photocatalyst had better degradation effect on environmental hormone in the sewage.展开更多
In this paper the absorption spectra of 4f electron transitions of the neodymlum complex with 8-hydroxyquinoline and octylphenol poly(ethyleneglycol)ether have been studied. The marked intensification of the band at l...In this paper the absorption spectra of 4f electron transitions of the neodymlum complex with 8-hydroxyquinoline and octylphenol poly(ethyleneglycol)ether have been studied. The marked intensification of the band at low octylphenol poly(ethyleneglycol)ether concentration is found normally at 575 nm, and its resolution into three sharp bands centering at 572, 580 and 584 nm. The absorbances of the absorption maxima are 3.5 (at 572 nm), 7.2 (at 580 nm) and 10.2 (at 584 nm) times greater than that of the chloride.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Fundation as par of the Key Technologies of Food Safety Project. Chemical pollutants exposure assessment technology research(2006BAK02A01)
文摘Objective To establish a comprehensive analytical method based on SPE‐UPLC‐MS for the simultaneous determination of bisphenol A （BPA）, nonylphenol （NP）, and octylphenol （OP） in urine samples. Methods Sixty urine samples collected from healthy subjects were analyzed for BPA, NP, and OP concentrations. The samples were de‐conjugated by adding β‐glucuronidase and sulfatase. After the enzymatic treatment, the samples were subjected to the OASIS HLB column solid phase extraction cartridges so as to be cleaned and concentrated. The UPLC separation was performed on a Acquity UPLCTM BEH C18 column （2.1×100 mm, 1.7 μm） with a gradient elution system of methanol‐water as the mobile phase. Triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometry analyzer was used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of UPLC‐MS/MS system. Results The limit of detection of BPA, NP, and OP was 0.10, 0.10, and 0.15 ng/mL, respectively. The recoveries of BPA, NP and OP were 80.1%‐108%, 81.3%‐109%, and 81.5%‐98.7%, respectively. Among the 60 urine samples, BPA was detected in 8 samples at the level of 0.297‐32.7ng/mL, NP was detected in 29 samples at the level of 1.69‐27.8 ng/mL, and OP was detected in 17 samples at the level of 0.407‐11.1 ng/mL. Conclusion The method is simple with high sensitivity and selectivity, and is suitable for the determination of BPA, NP, and OP in urine. As shown by our analysis , BPA, NP, and OP appear to be prevalent in human urine. This is particularly true for NP. The results from our study is therefore valuable for future studies to assess the exposure to BPA, NP, and OP in the general population.
文摘The wide occurrence of estrogenic compounds 4-tert-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A in surface water of Guanting Reservoir was successfully determined. The target compounds in water samples were preconcentrated by liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane, derivatized by trifluoroacetic anhydride, and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) with selected ion monitoring(SIM). In the selected seven sampling sites(S1\_S7), the concentration of NP in sample S7 was significantly higher than the other in reservoir. The status of pollution in S3 and S7 were much more serious. The concentrations of OP, NP and BPA were in the range of 44.5—48.8, 221.6—349.6 and 30.2—82.7 ng/L, respectively. The pollutants were mainly inputted from the upper river and released from sediments in Guanting Reservoir.
文摘In this study, the authors have investigated the effects of various factors on both aerobic and anaerobic degradation of 4-t-octylphenol （4-t-OP） in granular sludge. In comparison, the aerobic degradation rate was much higher than that of anaerobic degradation. The optimal pH values for 4-t-OP degradation in granular sludge were 9 and 7 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. And the degradation rate decreased with an increase in the initial 4-t-OP concentration. Addition of yeast extract or homologous compounds such as phenol also enhanced the 4-t-OP degradation, especially under the aerobic condition. To investigate the bacterial community in this study, the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） method was applied, based on the primers, for the 16S rDNA V3 region of bacteria, γ-proteobacteria and bacillus were identified as the major species of sludge.
基金Project supported by the Science Faculty Strategic Research of HongKong Baptist University(No.FRG/03-04/II-51)the Environment and Conservation Fund of Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department(No.16/2003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20307012).
文摘Spatial and temporal distribution of octylphenol （OP） and nonylphenol （NP） in Mai Po Marshes, a subtropical estuarine wetland in Hong Kong, were investigated. Surface water samples were collected every month from 11 sites during the period of September- December 2004. Concentrations of OP and NP ranged from 11.3 to 348 ng/L and from 29 to 2591 ng/L, respectively. The high levels of NP and OP were found in November and December than in September and October. The levels of OP and NP have no significant spatial differences except September. Total organic matter in the sediments appeared to be an important factor in controlling the fate of these compounds in the aquatic environment.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.11025526,11175112 and 41073073)
文摘In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of 10 kGy and an initial concentration of 25 mg·L -1 , the degradation of 4-t-OP in a methanol/water reduction system is higher than in a acetonitrile/water oxidation system by 19.4% and higher than in an acetone/water system by 26.8%, which is due to both of ·OH and e aq - playing an important role in the decomposition of 4-t-OP, although the latter is more effective. The degradation rate of 4-t-OP will decrease with increment of absorbed dose in a methanol/water solution, and increase with decrement of initial concentration at a constant absorbed dose. The degradation efficiency will also decrease with the addition of anions and H 2 O 2 into the solution. A system saturated with N 2 will make an increment in the degradation of 4-t-OP. The pH value of solution has been also found to affect the degradation efficiency, while the degradation is more efficient in alkaline conditions. Finally, the initial products involved in degradation reaction have been determined to be ethylbenzene, styrene, bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and p-tert-butyl-phenol, which may arise from e aq - attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP molecule. The results have been revealed that EB irradiation is a promising method for degradation of 4-t-OP, and e aq - may be main reactive species to attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP.
文摘4-tert-octylphenol (OP) is environmental pollutants that have been shown widespread impact estrogenic and toxic to the cells of mammals in culture. The effects of OP on the reproductive system of adult male vertebrates especially humans are virtually unknown. Thus, in the present investigation, pregnant females of albino rats were orally treated during pregnancy and until 21 days after birth (the period of lactation) with octylphenol (OP) at doses 0 (vehicle: corn oil), 40 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg on the epididymis of male rats at puberty (12 weeks of age). The present result showed that there is non-significant in the number;the size of newborn rats and there increased in mortality rate of newborn rats of the pregnant female treatment with dose low-and high-octylphenol compared to the control group. there is increased in the average body weight and percentage of gain in body weight of male rats from mothers of small treatment (G2, G3) and the control group (G1) for 12 weeks of age. Also, histological results showed that the adrenal gland in the group which was given high dose of octylphenol (G3) show that Severe histological changes in the cortex. When examining medulla and found large areas of necrosis and cell degradation, necrosis and cell death sharply.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation Item (41076097,41006097,41106113)Innovation Engagement Fund of Yangzhou University (2011CXJ032,2011CXJ036)
文摘[Objective]The research aimed to study synthesis of the TiO2 photocatalyst modified by Fe/C and photodegradation of 4-t-octylphenol.[Method]Fe/C modified TiO2 photocatalyst was made by sol-gel and solvothermal synthesis methods.4-t-octylphenol as test object,photocatalytic performance of the catalyst was investigated.Influences of the Fe doping amount,catalyst amount,pH and sun-light irradiation on reaction were discussed.Moreover,catalyst performance under the condition of interfering ion existence was studied.[Result]When Fe/C doping amount was 0.6%,under the reaction condition of 25 ℃,pH =9.0,300 W mercury lamp and 1.0 g/L of catalyst amount,4-t-octylphenol concentration decreased from 1.00 to 0.02 mg/L by degradation for 100 min.Rises of pH and light intensity could improve catalyst efficiency.The existences of Na ＋,K ＋ and Ca2＋ had no effect on degradation activity of the catalyst.[Conclusion]Fe/C modified TiO2 photocatalyst had better degradation effect on environmental hormone in the sewage.
文摘In this paper the absorption spectra of 4f electron transitions of the neodymlum complex with 8-hydroxyquinoline and octylphenol poly(ethyleneglycol)ether have been studied. The marked intensification of the band at low octylphenol poly(ethyleneglycol)ether concentration is found normally at 575 nm, and its resolution into three sharp bands centering at 572, 580 and 584 nm. The absorbances of the absorption maxima are 3.5 (at 572 nm), 7.2 (at 580 nm) and 10.2 (at 584 nm) times greater than that of the chloride.
