This paper aims to introduce new notions of (fuzzy) n-fold P-ideals and (fuzzy) n-fold weak P-ideals in BCI-algebras, and investigate several properties of the foldness theory of P-ideals in BCI-algebras. Finally, we ...This paper aims to introduce new notions of (fuzzy) n-fold P-ideals and (fuzzy) n-fold weak P-ideals in BCI-algebras, and investigate several properties of the foldness theory of P-ideals in BCI-algebras. Finally, we construct a computer-program for studying the foldness theory of P-ideals in BCI-algebras.展开更多
The notions of M-hemirings and L-fuzzy left h-ideals with operators in M-hemirings are introduced, and some properties are investigated. Given an L-fuzzy left h-ideal with operators, a new L-fuzzy left h-ideal with op...The notions of M-hemirings and L-fuzzy left h-ideals with operators in M-hemirings are introduced, and some properties are investigated. Given an L-fuzzy left h-ideal with operators, a new L-fuzzy left h-ideal with operators is established. Using a collection of left M-h-ideals, L-fuzzy left h-ideals with operators are constructed. Moreover, the concept of M-Notherian M-hemiring is introduced and its characterization is given.展开更多
In this paper we characterize those hemirings for which each k-ideal is idempotent. We also characterize those hemirings for which each fuzzy k-ideal is idempotent. The space of prime k-ideals (fuzzy k-prime k-ideals)...In this paper we characterize those hemirings for which each k-ideal is idempotent. We also characterize those hemirings for which each fuzzy k-ideal is idempotent. The space of prime k-ideals (fuzzy k-prime k-ideals) is topologized.展开更多
The notions of fuzzy dot ideals and fuzzy dot H-ideals in BCH-algebras are introduced, several appropriate examples are provided, and their some properties are investigated. The relations among fuzzy ideal, fuzzy H-id...The notions of fuzzy dot ideals and fuzzy dot H-ideals in BCH-algebras are introduced, several appropriate examples are provided, and their some properties are investigated. The relations among fuzzy ideal, fuzzy H-ideal, fuzzy dot ideal and fuzzy dot H-ideals in BCH- algebras are discussed, several equivalent depictions of fuzzy dot ideal are obtained. How to deal with the homomorphic image and inverse image of fuzzy dot ideals （fuzzy dot H-ideals） are studied. The relations between a fuzzy dot ideal （fuzzy dot H-ideal） in BCH-algebras and a fuzzy dot ideal （fuzzy dot H-ideal） in the product algebra of BCH-algebras are given.展开更多
In the mathematical applications, ideal concepts are involved. They have been studied and analyzed in various ways. Already ideal and α-ideal concepts were discussed in BF-algebras. In this paper the idea of bipolar ...In the mathematical applications, ideal concepts are involved. They have been studied and analyzed in various ways. Already ideal and α-ideal concepts were discussed in BF-algebras. In this paper the idea of bipolar valued fuzzy α-ideal of BF algebra is proposed. The relationship between bipolar valued fuzzy ideal and bipolar valued fuzzy α-ideal is studied. Some interesting results are also discussed.展开更多
An expanding model of the confinement of non-ideal detonation of small charge is established on the basis of the nozzle theory.Making use of the expanding model,the analytic relationship of small charge detonation vel...An expanding model of the confinement of non-ideal detonation of small charge is established on the basis of the nozzle theory.Making use of the expanding model,the analytic relationship of small charge detonation velocity and the semi-empirical relationship of detonation pressure that both change with charge diameter and confinement condition are established.The detonation velocity and pressure of small charges are calculated and experimentally verified,and the detonation velocity deviation is less than 7% while the detonation pressure deviation is less than 9%.展开更多
In this paper a three degrees of freedom autoparametric system with limited power supply is investigated numerically. The system consists of the body, which is hung on a spring and a damper, and two pendulums connecte...In this paper a three degrees of freedom autoparametric system with limited power supply is investigated numerically. The system consists of the body, which is hung on a spring and a damper, and two pendulums connected by shape memory alloy （SMA） spring. Shape memory alloys have ability to change their material properties with temperature. A polynomial constitutive model is assumed to describe the behavior of the SMA spring. The non-ideal source of power adds one degree of freedom, so the system has four degrees of freedom. The equations of motion have been solved numerically and pseudoelastic effects associated with the martensitic phase transformation are studied. It is shown that in this type system one mode of vibrations might excite or damp another mode, and that except different kinds of periodic vibrations there may also appear chaotic vibrations. For the identification of the responses of the system＇s various techniques, including chaos techniques such as bifurcation diagrams and time histories, power spectral densities, Poincare maps and exponents of Lyapunov may be used.展开更多
Exposure to media that portrays thin women as ideal and attractive can lead to women internalizing the thin ideal, which results in incorporating societal standards of thinness into belief systems. Internalization of ...Exposure to media that portrays thin women as ideal and attractive can lead to women internalizing the thin ideal, which results in incorporating societal standards of thinness into belief systems. Internalization of the thin-ideal is associated with numerous detrimental effects on women, including decreased levels of self-esteem and increased levels of body-focused anxiety, negative emotions and disordered eating. The present study utilized a sample of women (N = 208) aged between 18 and 67 years (M = 29.44, SD = 13.08) to examine the relationship between internalization of the thin- ideal, body-focused anxiety, body mass index (BMI), and dieting frequency. Correlational, regression and mediation analyses conducted on the data showed that internalization of the thin-ideal, BMI and dieting frequency significantly contributed to body-focused anxiety in women. In addition, body-focused anxiety fully mediated the relationship between internalization of the thin-ideal and dieting frequency among women. BMI did not moderate the relationship between internalization of the thin-ideal and body-focused, indicating that women who internalize the thin-ideal are less vulnerable to dieting unless experiencing body-focused anxiety. The results of the current study enhance our understanding of the relationship between internalization of the thin-ideal, body-focused anxiety, BMI, and dieting frequency among women. Clinical implications will be discussed.展开更多
In present paper, certain aspect of shock wave in non-ideal gas, when magnetic field is orthogonal to the trajectories of the gas particles and electrical conductivity is taken to be infinite, is investigated. Conside...In present paper, certain aspect of shock wave in non-ideal gas, when magnetic field is orthogonal to the trajectories of the gas particles and electrical conductivity is taken to be infinite, is investigated. Considering one-dimensional unsteady non-planer motion, basic equations, its general solution and formation of shock-wave, conservation laws and jumps conditions, variation of area of non-uniform cross section and analytical solution of strong non planer shock is obtained.展开更多
First, we reviewed the definitions of lattice implication algebras, lattice implication subalgebras, and LI-ideals, and provided an equivalent definition of LI-ideal. Then we investigated some properties of lattice im...First, we reviewed the definitions of lattice implication algebras, lattice implication subalgebras, and LI-ideals, and provided an equivalent definition of LI-ideal. Then we investigated some properties of lattice implication subalgebra and U-ideal, and found the least lattice implication subalgebra. Finally, the relation between lattice implication subalgebra and LI-ideal is presented. It is proved that no LI-ideals are non-trivial lattice implication subalgebras.展开更多
In the present work the widths of layers constituting the non-ideal superlattice are much bigger then the characteristic scales of space dispersion. In such a case the contribution of individual layers to gyrotropy ca...In the present work the widths of layers constituting the non-ideal superlattice are much bigger then the characteristic scales of space dispersion. In such a case the contribution of individual layers to gyrotropy can be regarded as independed. Thus the corresponding optical quantities can be expressed through the layers’ gyrotropic characteristics. This approach is applied to calculate the specific rotation angle of plane of polarization of light propagating through a nonideal 1D-superlattice, which varies in composition as well as in layers’ width. We carry out numerical calculation of the frequency dispersion of optical activity of a non-ideal superlattice, which includes impurity layers with point defects.展开更多
In this paper,we define intuitionistic fuzzy generalized bi-ideals in ordered semigroups and characterize regular and left weakly regular ordered semigroups in terms of intuitionistic fuzzy generalized bi-ideals.
The paper aims to investigate different types of weighted ideal statistical convergence and strongly weighted ideal convergence of double sequences of fuzzy numbers. Relations connecting ideal statistical convergence ...The paper aims to investigate different types of weighted ideal statistical convergence and strongly weighted ideal convergence of double sequences of fuzzy numbers. Relations connecting ideal statistical convergence and strongly ideal convergence have been investigated in the environment of the newly defined classes of double sequences of fuzzy numbers. At the same time, we have examined relevant inclusion relations concerning weighted (<i>λ</i>, <i>μ</i>)-ideal statistical convergence and strongly weighted (<i>λ</i>, <i>μ</i>)-ideal convergence of double sequences of fuzzy numbers. Also, some properties of these new sequence spaces are investigated.展开更多
Let R be a commutative ring with nonzero identity and n be a positive integer.In this paper,we introduce and investigate a new subclass ofϕ-n-absorbing primary ideals,which are calledϕ-(n,N)-ideals.Letϕ:I(R)→I(R)∪{∅...Let R be a commutative ring with nonzero identity and n be a positive integer.In this paper,we introduce and investigate a new subclass ofϕ-n-absorbing primary ideals,which are calledϕ-(n,N)-ideals.Letϕ:I(R)→I(R)∪{∅}be a function,where I(R)denotes the set of all ideals of R.A proper ideal I of R is called aϕ-(n,N)-ideal if x1⋯xn+1∈I\ϕ(R)and x1⋯xn∉I imply that the product of xn+1 with(n−1)of x1,…,xn is in 0–√for all x1,…,xn+1∈R.In addition to giving many properties ofϕ-(n,N)-ideals,we also use the concept ofϕ-(n,N)-ideals to characterize rings that have only finitely many minimal prime ideals.展开更多
文摘This paper aims to introduce new notions of (fuzzy) n-fold P-ideals and (fuzzy) n-fold weak P-ideals in BCI-algebras, and investigate several properties of the foldness theory of P-ideals in BCI-algebras. Finally, we construct a computer-program for studying the foldness theory of P-ideals in BCI-algebras.
基金Foundation item： The NNSF （60474022） of China and the Key Science Foundation （2004Z002, D200529001） of Education Committee of Hubei Province.Acknowledgements The authors are highly grateful to referees for their valuable comments and suggestions for improving the paper.
文摘The notions of M-hemirings and L-fuzzy left h-ideals with operators in M-hemirings are introduced, and some properties are investigated. Given an L-fuzzy left h-ideal with operators, a new L-fuzzy left h-ideal with operators is established. Using a collection of left M-h-ideals, L-fuzzy left h-ideals with operators are constructed. Moreover, the concept of M-Notherian M-hemiring is introduced and its characterization is given.
文摘In this paper we characterize those hemirings for which each k-ideal is idempotent. We also characterize those hemirings for which each fuzzy k-ideal is idempotent. The space of prime k-ideals (fuzzy k-prime k-ideals) is topologized.
基金Supported by the special item of Key Laboratory of Education Bureau of Sichuan Province(2006ZD050)
文摘The notions of fuzzy dot ideals and fuzzy dot H-ideals in BCH-algebras are introduced, several appropriate examples are provided, and their some properties are investigated. The relations among fuzzy ideal, fuzzy H-ideal, fuzzy dot ideal and fuzzy dot H-ideals in BCH- algebras are discussed, several equivalent depictions of fuzzy dot ideal are obtained. How to deal with the homomorphic image and inverse image of fuzzy dot ideals （fuzzy dot H-ideals） are studied. The relations between a fuzzy dot ideal （fuzzy dot H-ideal） in BCH-algebras and a fuzzy dot ideal （fuzzy dot H-ideal） in the product algebra of BCH-algebras are given.
文摘In the mathematical applications, ideal concepts are involved. They have been studied and analyzed in various ways. Already ideal and α-ideal concepts were discussed in BF-algebras. In this paper the idea of bipolar valued fuzzy α-ideal of BF algebra is proposed. The relationship between bipolar valued fuzzy ideal and bipolar valued fuzzy α-ideal is studied. Some interesting results are also discussed.
文摘An expanding model of the confinement of non-ideal detonation of small charge is established on the basis of the nozzle theory.Making use of the expanding model,the analytic relationship of small charge detonation velocity and the semi-empirical relationship of detonation pressure that both change with charge diameter and confinement condition are established.The detonation velocity and pressure of small charges are calculated and experimentally verified,and the detonation velocity deviation is less than 7% while the detonation pressure deviation is less than 9%.
文摘In this paper a three degrees of freedom autoparametric system with limited power supply is investigated numerically. The system consists of the body, which is hung on a spring and a damper, and two pendulums connected by shape memory alloy （SMA） spring. Shape memory alloys have ability to change their material properties with temperature. A polynomial constitutive model is assumed to describe the behavior of the SMA spring. The non-ideal source of power adds one degree of freedom, so the system has four degrees of freedom. The equations of motion have been solved numerically and pseudoelastic effects associated with the martensitic phase transformation are studied. It is shown that in this type system one mode of vibrations might excite or damp another mode, and that except different kinds of periodic vibrations there may also appear chaotic vibrations. For the identification of the responses of the system＇s various techniques, including chaos techniques such as bifurcation diagrams and time histories, power spectral densities, Poincare maps and exponents of Lyapunov may be used.
文摘Exposure to media that portrays thin women as ideal and attractive can lead to women internalizing the thin ideal, which results in incorporating societal standards of thinness into belief systems. Internalization of the thin-ideal is associated with numerous detrimental effects on women, including decreased levels of self-esteem and increased levels of body-focused anxiety, negative emotions and disordered eating. The present study utilized a sample of women (N = 208) aged between 18 and 67 years (M = 29.44, SD = 13.08) to examine the relationship between internalization of the thin- ideal, body-focused anxiety, body mass index (BMI), and dieting frequency. Correlational, regression and mediation analyses conducted on the data showed that internalization of the thin-ideal, BMI and dieting frequency significantly contributed to body-focused anxiety in women. In addition, body-focused anxiety fully mediated the relationship between internalization of the thin-ideal and dieting frequency among women. BMI did not moderate the relationship between internalization of the thin-ideal and body-focused, indicating that women who internalize the thin-ideal are less vulnerable to dieting unless experiencing body-focused anxiety. The results of the current study enhance our understanding of the relationship between internalization of the thin-ideal, body-focused anxiety, BMI, and dieting frequency among women. Clinical implications will be discussed.
文摘In present paper, certain aspect of shock wave in non-ideal gas, when magnetic field is orthogonal to the trajectories of the gas particles and electrical conductivity is taken to be infinite, is investigated. Considering one-dimensional unsteady non-planer motion, basic equations, its general solution and formation of shock-wave, conservation laws and jumps conditions, variation of area of non-uniform cross section and analytical solution of strong non planer shock is obtained.
基金The National Natural Science Foundationof China (No.60875034)the Specialized Research Fundfor the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (No.20060613007)
文摘First, we reviewed the definitions of lattice implication algebras, lattice implication subalgebras, and LI-ideals, and provided an equivalent definition of LI-ideal. Then we investigated some properties of lattice implication subalgebra and U-ideal, and found the least lattice implication subalgebra. Finally, the relation between lattice implication subalgebra and LI-ideal is presented. It is proved that no LI-ideals are non-trivial lattice implication subalgebras.
文摘In the present work the widths of layers constituting the non-ideal superlattice are much bigger then the characteristic scales of space dispersion. In such a case the contribution of individual layers to gyrotropy can be regarded as independed. Thus the corresponding optical quantities can be expressed through the layers’ gyrotropic characteristics. This approach is applied to calculate the specific rotation angle of plane of polarization of light propagating through a nonideal 1D-superlattice, which varies in composition as well as in layers’ width. We carry out numerical calculation of the frequency dispersion of optical activity of a non-ideal superlattice, which includes impurity layers with point defects.
文摘In this paper,we define intuitionistic fuzzy generalized bi-ideals in ordered semigroups and characterize regular and left weakly regular ordered semigroups in terms of intuitionistic fuzzy generalized bi-ideals.
文摘The paper aims to investigate different types of weighted ideal statistical convergence and strongly weighted ideal convergence of double sequences of fuzzy numbers. Relations connecting ideal statistical convergence and strongly ideal convergence have been investigated in the environment of the newly defined classes of double sequences of fuzzy numbers. At the same time, we have examined relevant inclusion relations concerning weighted (<i>λ</i>, <i>μ</i>)-ideal statistical convergence and strongly weighted (<i>λ</i>, <i>μ</i>)-ideal convergence of double sequences of fuzzy numbers. Also, some properties of these new sequence spaces are investigated.
文摘Let R be a commutative ring with nonzero identity and n be a positive integer.In this paper,we introduce and investigate a new subclass ofϕ-n-absorbing primary ideals,which are calledϕ-(n,N)-ideals.Letϕ:I(R)→I(R)∪{∅}be a function,where I(R)denotes the set of all ideals of R.A proper ideal I of R is called aϕ-(n,N)-ideal if x1⋯xn+1∈I\ϕ(R)and x1⋯xn∉I imply that the product of xn+1 with(n−1)of x1,…,xn is in 0–√for all x1,…,xn+1∈R.In addition to giving many properties ofϕ-(n,N)-ideals,we also use the concept ofϕ-(n,N)-ideals to characterize rings that have only finitely many minimal prime ideals.
