目的观察正常大鼠在高脂饮食诱导下形成肥胖后,胰岛素敏感性及其TNFα、FFAs的变化。方法 9周龄健康雄性Wistar大鼠16只,随机分为正常饲养组(NC,n=8)和高脂饲养组(HF,n=8)。喂养10周,比较两组大鼠体重、HOMA-IR、以及TNFα、FFAs等的变...目的观察正常大鼠在高脂饮食诱导下形成肥胖后,胰岛素敏感性及其TNFα、FFAs的变化。方法 9周龄健康雄性Wistar大鼠16只,随机分为正常饲养组(NC,n=8)和高脂饲养组(HF,n=8)。喂养10周,比较两组大鼠体重、HOMA-IR、以及TNFα、FFAs等的变化。结果经10周高脂喂养,HF组与NC组比较,体重和内脏脂肪组织显著增加并出现胰岛素抵抗,空腹FFAs和TNFα水平显著上升,较NC组分别增加了80.8%(P<0.05)和58.4%(P<0.05),但两组空腹血糖差异无显著性(HF组:7.89±1.46mmol/L vs NC组8.70±1.59mmol/L,P>0.05)。结论高脂饮食可诱导大鼠肥胖伴胰岛素抵抗,其胰岛素抵抗的形成可能与FFAs水平的升高有关。展开更多
Cation ion-exchange resin particles(CERP)/polyethersulfone(PES) hybrid catalytic membranes were prepared by immerse phase inversion for the esterification of different free fatty acids(FFAs)(such as,dodecanoic acid,te...Cation ion-exchange resin particles(CERP)/polyethersulfone(PES) hybrid catalytic membranes were prepared by immerse phase inversion for the esterification of different free fatty acids(FFAs)(such as,dodecanoic acid,tetradecanoic acid,hexadecanoic acid and octadecadienoic acid) with methanol.The membranes were characterized by SEM,ion-exchange capacity and swelling degree test.It is found that dodecanoic acid has the highest FFAs conversion among the four acids for its stronger acidic and reactivity.Different effects of membrane annealing temperature,reaction temperature,molar ratio of methanol to FFAs and catalytic membrane loading on the esterification were investigated by the esterification of dodecanoic acid with methanol.The dodecanoic acid conversion reaches 97.5% under the optimal condition when the esterification reaction lasted for 8 h.展开更多
The distinction and precise identification of tumor nodules are crucial for timely lung cancer diagnosis andplanning intervention. This research work addresses the major issues pertaining to the field of medical image...The distinction and precise identification of tumor nodules are crucial for timely lung cancer diagnosis andplanning intervention. This research work addresses the major issues pertaining to the field of medical imageprocessing while focusing on lung cancer Computed Tomography (CT) images. In this context, the paper proposesan improved lung cancer segmentation technique based on the strengths of nature-inspired approaches. Thebetter resolution of CT is exploited to distinguish healthy subjects from those who have lung cancer. In thisprocess, the visual challenges of the K-means are addressed with the integration of four nature-inspired swarmintelligent techniques. The techniques experimented in this paper are K-means with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC),K-means with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA), K-means with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Kmeanswith Firefly Algorithm (FFA). The testing and evaluation are performed on Early Lung Cancer ActionProgram (ELCAP) database. The simulation analysis is performed using lung cancer images set against metrics:precision, sensitivity, specificity, f-measure, accuracy,Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Jaccard, and Dice.The detailed evaluation shows that the K-means with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) significantly improved thequality of lung cancer segmentation in comparison to the other optimization approaches utilized for lung cancerimages. The results exhibit that the proposed approach (K-means with CSA) achieves precision, sensitivity, and Fmeasureof 0.942, 0.964, and 0.953, respectively, and an average accuracy of 93%. The experimental results prove thatK-meanswithABC,K-meanswith PSO,K-meanswith FFA, andK-meanswithCSAhave achieved an improvementof 10.8%, 13.38%, 13.93%, and 15.7%, respectively, for accuracy measure in comparison to K-means segmentationfor lung cancer images. Further, it is highlighted that the proposed K-means with CSA have achieved a significantimprovement in accuracy, hence can be utilized by researchers for improved segmentation processes of medicalimage datasets for identifying the targeted region of interest.展开更多
Background:A variety of experimental animal models are used in basic ophthalmological research to elucidate physiological mechanisms of vision and disease pathogenesis.The choice of animal model is based on the measur...Background:A variety of experimental animal models are used in basic ophthalmological research to elucidate physiological mechanisms of vision and disease pathogenesis.The choice of animal model is based on the measurability of specific parameters or structures,the applicability of clinical measurement technologies,and the similarity to human eye function.Studies of eye pathology usually compare optical parameters between a healthy and altered state,so accurate baseline assessments are critical,but few reports have comprehensively examined the normal anatomical structures and physiological functions in these models.Methods:Three cynomolgus monkeys,six New Zealand rabbits,ten Sprague Dawley(SD)rats,and BALB/c mice were examined by fundus photography(FP),fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA),and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Results:Most retinal structures of cynomolgus monkey were anatomically similar to the corresponding human structures as revealed by FP,FFA,and OCT.New Zealand rabbits have large eyeballs,but they have large optic disc and myelinated retinal nerve fibers in their retinas,and the growth pattern of retinal vessels were also different to the human retinas.Unlike monkeys and rabbits,the retinal vessels of SD rats and BALB/c mice were widely distributed and clear.The OCT performance of them were similar with human beings except the macular.Conclusions:Monkey is a good model to study changes in retinal structure associated with fundus disease,rabbits are not suitable for studies on retinal vessel diseases and optic nerve diseases,and rats and mice are good models for retinal vascular diseases.These measures will help guide the choice of model and measurement technology and reduce the number of experimental animals required.展开更多
文摘目的观察正常大鼠在高脂饮食诱导下形成肥胖后,胰岛素敏感性及其TNFα、FFAs的变化。方法 9周龄健康雄性Wistar大鼠16只,随机分为正常饲养组(NC,n=8)和高脂饲养组(HF,n=8)。喂养10周,比较两组大鼠体重、HOMA-IR、以及TNFα、FFAs等的变化。结果经10周高脂喂养,HF组与NC组比较,体重和内脏脂肪组织显著增加并出现胰岛素抵抗,空腹FFAs和TNFα水平显著上升,较NC组分别增加了80.8%(P<0.05)和58.4%(P<0.05),但两组空腹血糖差异无显著性(HF组:7.89±1.46mmol/L vs NC组8.70±1.59mmol/L,P>0.05)。结论高脂饮食可诱导大鼠肥胖伴胰岛素抵抗,其胰岛素抵抗的形成可能与FFAs水平的升高有关。
基金Project(ZR2011BL005) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China
文摘Cation ion-exchange resin particles(CERP)/polyethersulfone(PES) hybrid catalytic membranes were prepared by immerse phase inversion for the esterification of different free fatty acids(FFAs)(such as,dodecanoic acid,tetradecanoic acid,hexadecanoic acid and octadecadienoic acid) with methanol.The membranes were characterized by SEM,ion-exchange capacity and swelling degree test.It is found that dodecanoic acid has the highest FFAs conversion among the four acids for its stronger acidic and reactivity.Different effects of membrane annealing temperature,reaction temperature,molar ratio of methanol to FFAs and catalytic membrane loading on the esterification were investigated by the esterification of dodecanoic acid with methanol.The dodecanoic acid conversion reaches 97.5% under the optimal condition when the esterification reaction lasted for 8 h.
基金the Researchers Supporting Project(RSP2023R395),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘The distinction and precise identification of tumor nodules are crucial for timely lung cancer diagnosis andplanning intervention. This research work addresses the major issues pertaining to the field of medical imageprocessing while focusing on lung cancer Computed Tomography (CT) images. In this context, the paper proposesan improved lung cancer segmentation technique based on the strengths of nature-inspired approaches. Thebetter resolution of CT is exploited to distinguish healthy subjects from those who have lung cancer. In thisprocess, the visual challenges of the K-means are addressed with the integration of four nature-inspired swarmintelligent techniques. The techniques experimented in this paper are K-means with Artificial Bee Colony (ABC),K-means with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA), K-means with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Kmeanswith Firefly Algorithm (FFA). The testing and evaluation are performed on Early Lung Cancer ActionProgram (ELCAP) database. The simulation analysis is performed using lung cancer images set against metrics:precision, sensitivity, specificity, f-measure, accuracy,Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Jaccard, and Dice.The detailed evaluation shows that the K-means with Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) significantly improved thequality of lung cancer segmentation in comparison to the other optimization approaches utilized for lung cancerimages. The results exhibit that the proposed approach (K-means with CSA) achieves precision, sensitivity, and Fmeasureof 0.942, 0.964, and 0.953, respectively, and an average accuracy of 93%. The experimental results prove thatK-meanswithABC,K-meanswith PSO,K-meanswith FFA, andK-meanswithCSAhave achieved an improvementof 10.8%, 13.38%, 13.93%, and 15.7%, respectively, for accuracy measure in comparison to K-means segmentationfor lung cancer images. Further, it is highlighted that the proposed K-means with CSA have achieved a significantimprovement in accuracy, hence can be utilized by researchers for improved segmentation processes of medicalimage datasets for identifying the targeted region of interest.
基金This study was funded by Science and Technology Projects of Guangdong Province(Nos.2019A030317002,2017A030303013,2013B060300003).
文摘Background:A variety of experimental animal models are used in basic ophthalmological research to elucidate physiological mechanisms of vision and disease pathogenesis.The choice of animal model is based on the measurability of specific parameters or structures,the applicability of clinical measurement technologies,and the similarity to human eye function.Studies of eye pathology usually compare optical parameters between a healthy and altered state,so accurate baseline assessments are critical,but few reports have comprehensively examined the normal anatomical structures and physiological functions in these models.Methods:Three cynomolgus monkeys,six New Zealand rabbits,ten Sprague Dawley(SD)rats,and BALB/c mice were examined by fundus photography(FP),fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA),and optical coherence tomography(OCT).Results:Most retinal structures of cynomolgus monkey were anatomically similar to the corresponding human structures as revealed by FP,FFA,and OCT.New Zealand rabbits have large eyeballs,but they have large optic disc and myelinated retinal nerve fibers in their retinas,and the growth pattern of retinal vessels were also different to the human retinas.Unlike monkeys and rabbits,the retinal vessels of SD rats and BALB/c mice were widely distributed and clear.The OCT performance of them were similar with human beings except the macular.Conclusions:Monkey is a good model to study changes in retinal structure associated with fundus disease,rabbits are not suitable for studies on retinal vessel diseases and optic nerve diseases,and rats and mice are good models for retinal vascular diseases.These measures will help guide the choice of model and measurement technology and reduce the number of experimental animals required.
