This study analyzed nueleotide sequences from the mitochondrial eytochrome oxidase submit （COI） gene region （450 bp） to investigate the genetic structure of the oriental river prawn （ Macrobrachium nipponense ） ...This study analyzed nueleotide sequences from the mitochondrial eytochrome oxidase submit （COI） gene region （450 bp） to investigate the genetic structure of the oriental river prawn （ Macrobrachium nipponense ） among nine populations from the Yangtze and Lancang Rivers. A total of 79 individuals were collected for this work. Eighty-nine nucleotides were found to be variable, resulting in 46 haplotypes. Among the nine populations, the population from Kunming shows the greatest level of variability （h = 1.000, π = 0.028）, whereas the population from Cbongqing exhibits the lowest level of variability （h = 0.700,π = 0.008）. Analysis of molecular variance suggested that of the total genetic diversity, 9.66% was attributable to inter-population diversity and the remainder （90.34%） to differences within populations. A molecular phylogenetic tree constructed using the Neighbor-joining （N J） method showed that the 46 haplotypes were assigned to two clades associated with geographic regions. These results provide basic information for the conservation and sustainable exploitation of this species.展开更多
A feeding trial was carried out to investigate the dietary vitamin E requirement of the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense(weight of 0.3–0.4 g) and its effect role on antioxidant activity.Prawns were fed w...A feeding trial was carried out to investigate the dietary vitamin E requirement of the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense(weight of 0.3–0.4 g) and its effect role on antioxidant activity.Prawns were fed with seven levels of vitamin E(0,25,50,75,100,200,and 400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days.The results show that dietary vitamin E supplementation could significantly increased the prawn weight( P <0.05).The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the hepatopancreas was significantly higher in prawns fed with diets supplemented with ≤75 mg/kg vitamin E than in those fed with diets supplemented with 100–400 mg/kg vitamin E( P <0.05).The activity of catalase(CAT) in the hepatopancreas decreased significantly as dietary vitamin E supplementation increased( P <0.05),and no significant difference was detected in glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity between different dietary groups( P >0.05).The contents of vitamin E in the hepatopancreas and in the muscle increased with increasing dietary vitamin E.There was a linear correlation between the vitamin E level in diet and that in muscle,and between the vitamin E level in diet and that in the hepatopancreas.All the above results indicated that dietary vitamin E can be stored in the hepatopancreas and muscle and lower both the activities of SOD and CAT in the hepatopancreas,suggesting that it is a potential antioxidant in M.nipponense.Broken line analysis conducted on the weight gains of prawns in each diet group showed that the dietary vitamin E requirement for maximum growth is 94.10 mg/kg.展开更多
The structural change of the oviduct of freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) during spawning was ex- amined by electron microscopy. The oviduct wall structural characteristics seem to be influenced significant...The structural change of the oviduct of freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) during spawning was ex- amined by electron microscopy. The oviduct wall structural characteristics seem to be influenced significantly by the spawning process. Before the parturition and ovulation, two types of epithelial cells (types I and II) are found in the epithelium. The free surfaces of type I and type II cells have very dense long microvilli. Under the type I and type II cells, are a relatively thick layer of secreting material and a layer of mostly dead cells. After ovulation, two other types of epithelial cells (types III and IV) are found in the oviduct wall epithelium. The free surface of type III cells only has short microvilli scattered on the surface. The thick layer with secreting material and the dead cell layer disappeared at this stage. In some type III cells, the leaking out of cytoplasm from broken cell membrane led to the death of these type III cells. The transformation of all four types of epithelial cells was in the order: IV→I→II→III.展开更多
In this study,the effects of three different concentrations（0.5,0.25 and 0.125μl/L）of dichlorvos solution on phenoloxidase（PO）activity,hemolysin activity,peroxidase（POD）activity and antibacterial activity in th...In this study,the effects of three different concentrations（0.5,0.25 and 0.125μl/L）of dichlorvos solution on phenoloxidase（PO）activity,hemolysin activity,peroxidase（POD）activity and antibacterial activity in the serum of Macrobrachium nipponense during four days were investigated.The results indicated that phenoloxidase activity,hemolysin activity,peroxidase activity and antibacterial activity in the serum of Macrobrachium nipponense were improved under the stress of dichlorvos during a short time.With the extension of stress duration and increase of dichlorvos concentration,the activities of various immunological indices were inhibited due to the cumulative effect of dichlorvos in vivo;overall,the reduction increased gradually with the extension of stress duration.展开更多
为揭示中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinesis)-日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)池塘内套养不同密度的大规格罗氏沼虾(M.rosenbergi i)的氮磷收支变化及养殖效果,评价其生态和经济效益,确定最佳套养密度,本研究在中华绒螯蟹(10kg/667 m 2)-...为揭示中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinesis)-日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)池塘内套养不同密度的大规格罗氏沼虾(M.rosenbergi i)的氮磷收支变化及养殖效果,评价其生态和经济效益,确定最佳套养密度,本研究在中华绒螯蟹(10kg/667 m 2)-日本沼虾(15kg/667 m 2)套养池塘内每667 m 2分别投放规格为75~80只/kg的罗氏沼虾5kg(T1)、15kg(T2)和25 kg(T3),并定期监测罗氏沼虾生长情况,计算池塘氮磷收支,分析成本和收益。结果显示:T1罗氏沼虾生长速度要快于T2和T3;饲料为池塘氮、磷输入的主要来源,分别占T1、T2和T3氮输入的(81.99±2.14)%、(81.94±2.20)%和(81.91±2.21)%,磷输入的(85.16±2.33)%、(84.99±2.31)%和(84.85±2.40)%;水生植物是主要支出方式,分别占T1、T2和T3氮支出的(61.21±1.93)%、(56.99±2.03)%和(52.05±1.89)%,磷支出的(38.90±1.34)%、(37.72±1.36)%和(33.75±1.33)%;T1和T2的氮、磷相对和绝对利用率差异不显著,均显著高于T3;T1和T2的氮、磷排污系数差异不大,均显著低于T3;T2的单位面积效益要高于T1和T3。结果表明,T2密度套养具有较好的经济效益和生态效益,最佳套养密度为每667 m 2投放中华绒螯蟹10 kg,日本沼虾15 kg和罗氏沼虾15 kg。展开更多
Macrobrachium nipponense is an economically important freshwater prawn that is often threatened by many aquatic pathogens.In this study,comparative transcriptomic analysis was fi rstly used to explore the transcriptio...Macrobrachium nipponense is an economically important freshwater prawn that is often threatened by many aquatic pathogens.In this study,comparative transcriptomic analysis was fi rstly used to explore the transcriptional response of M.nipponense to Aeromonas veronii or Staphylococcus aureus stimulation.A total of 400.19 million clean reads were obtained and assembled into 56944 unigenes with an average length of 1253 bp.A total of 1857 diff erentially expressed genes were found after A.veronii infection,including 677 genes that were up-regulated and 1180 genes that were down-regulated,while 1061 signifi cant diff erentially expressed genes were identifi ed after S.aureus infection,including 390 up-regulated and 671 down-regulated genes.Many immune-related genes including Spaetzle,prophenoloxidase activating factor,C-type lectin,anti-lipopolysaccharide factor,and inhibitor of apoptosis 2 protein were commonly up-regulated after A.veronii or S.aureus infection.This study will enrich our understanding of the immune response to gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria infection in crustaceans.展开更多
基金This project was supported partly by Key Research Programof Zhejiang(2005C12006-01,2006C12005)
文摘This study analyzed nueleotide sequences from the mitochondrial eytochrome oxidase submit （COI） gene region （450 bp） to investigate the genetic structure of the oriental river prawn （ Macrobrachium nipponense ） among nine populations from the Yangtze and Lancang Rivers. A total of 79 individuals were collected for this work. Eighty-nine nucleotides were found to be variable, resulting in 46 haplotypes. Among the nine populations, the population from Kunming shows the greatest level of variability （h = 1.000, π = 0.028）, whereas the population from Cbongqing exhibits the lowest level of variability （h = 0.700,π = 0.008）. Analysis of molecular variance suggested that of the total genetic diversity, 9.66% was attributable to inter-population diversity and the remainder （90.34%） to differences within populations. A molecular phylogenetic tree constructed using the Neighbor-joining （N J） method showed that the 46 haplotypes were assigned to two clades associated with geographic regions. These results provide basic information for the conservation and sustainable exploitation of this species.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31101887)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Nos.BK2011419,BK2012675)+1 种基金the Special Projects in Northern Jiangsu Province(No.BN2015107)the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection foundation(No.JLCBE07009)
文摘A feeding trial was carried out to investigate the dietary vitamin E requirement of the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense(weight of 0.3–0.4 g) and its effect role on antioxidant activity.Prawns were fed with seven levels of vitamin E(0,25,50,75,100,200,and 400 mg/kg diet) for 60 days.The results show that dietary vitamin E supplementation could significantly increased the prawn weight( P <0.05).The activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the hepatopancreas was significantly higher in prawns fed with diets supplemented with ≤75 mg/kg vitamin E than in those fed with diets supplemented with 100–400 mg/kg vitamin E( P <0.05).The activity of catalase(CAT) in the hepatopancreas decreased significantly as dietary vitamin E supplementation increased( P <0.05),and no significant difference was detected in glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity between different dietary groups( P >0.05).The contents of vitamin E in the hepatopancreas and in the muscle increased with increasing dietary vitamin E.There was a linear correlation between the vitamin E level in diet and that in muscle,and between the vitamin E level in diet and that in the hepatopancreas.All the above results indicated that dietary vitamin E can be stored in the hepatopancreas and muscle and lower both the activities of SOD and CAT in the hepatopancreas,suggesting that it is a potential antioxidant in M.nipponense.Broken line analysis conducted on the weight gains of prawns in each diet group showed that the dietary vitamin E requirement for maximum growth is 94.10 mg/kg.
基金Project (No. Grant 961102205) supported by the Science and Tech-nology Bureau of Zhejiang Province, China
文摘The structural change of the oviduct of freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) during spawning was ex- amined by electron microscopy. The oviduct wall structural characteristics seem to be influenced significantly by the spawning process. Before the parturition and ovulation, two types of epithelial cells (types I and II) are found in the epithelium. The free surfaces of type I and type II cells have very dense long microvilli. Under the type I and type II cells, are a relatively thick layer of secreting material and a layer of mostly dead cells. After ovulation, two other types of epithelial cells (types III and IV) are found in the oviduct wall epithelium. The free surface of type III cells only has short microvilli scattered on the surface. The thick layer with secreting material and the dead cell layer disappeared at this stage. In some type III cells, the leaking out of cytoplasm from broken cell membrane led to the death of these type III cells. The transformation of all four types of epithelial cells was in the order: IV→I→II→III.
文摘In this study,the effects of three different concentrations（0.5,0.25 and 0.125μl/L）of dichlorvos solution on phenoloxidase（PO）activity,hemolysin activity,peroxidase（POD）activity and antibacterial activity in the serum of Macrobrachium nipponense during four days were investigated.The results indicated that phenoloxidase activity,hemolysin activity,peroxidase activity and antibacterial activity in the serum of Macrobrachium nipponense were improved under the stress of dichlorvos during a short time.With the extension of stress duration and increase of dichlorvos concentration,the activities of various immunological indices were inhibited due to the cumulative effect of dichlorvos in vivo;overall,the reduction increased gradually with the extension of stress duration.
文摘为揭示中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinesis)-日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)池塘内套养不同密度的大规格罗氏沼虾(M.rosenbergi i)的氮磷收支变化及养殖效果,评价其生态和经济效益,确定最佳套养密度,本研究在中华绒螯蟹(10kg/667 m 2)-日本沼虾(15kg/667 m 2)套养池塘内每667 m 2分别投放规格为75~80只/kg的罗氏沼虾5kg(T1)、15kg(T2)和25 kg(T3),并定期监测罗氏沼虾生长情况,计算池塘氮磷收支,分析成本和收益。结果显示:T1罗氏沼虾生长速度要快于T2和T3;饲料为池塘氮、磷输入的主要来源,分别占T1、T2和T3氮输入的(81.99±2.14)%、(81.94±2.20)%和(81.91±2.21)%,磷输入的(85.16±2.33)%、(84.99±2.31)%和(84.85±2.40)%;水生植物是主要支出方式,分别占T1、T2和T3氮支出的(61.21±1.93)%、(56.99±2.03)%和(52.05±1.89)%,磷支出的(38.90±1.34)%、(37.72±1.36)%和(33.75±1.33)%;T1和T2的氮、磷相对和绝对利用率差异不显著,均显著高于T3;T1和T2的氮、磷排污系数差异不大,均显著低于T3;T2的单位面积效益要高于T1和T3。结果表明,T2密度套养具有较好的经济效益和生态效益,最佳套养密度为每667 m 2投放中华绒螯蟹10 kg,日本沼虾15 kg和罗氏沼虾15 kg。
基金Supported by the Research on the Diversity of Freshwater Fish,Shrimp and Crab in Macao(No.20183300042411016)the Guangdong Special Environmental Fund(Nos.PM-zx555-202107-208,PM-zx555-202106-195)。
文摘Macrobrachium nipponense is an economically important freshwater prawn that is often threatened by many aquatic pathogens.In this study,comparative transcriptomic analysis was fi rstly used to explore the transcriptional response of M.nipponense to Aeromonas veronii or Staphylococcus aureus stimulation.A total of 400.19 million clean reads were obtained and assembled into 56944 unigenes with an average length of 1253 bp.A total of 1857 diff erentially expressed genes were found after A.veronii infection,including 677 genes that were up-regulated and 1180 genes that were down-regulated,while 1061 signifi cant diff erentially expressed genes were identifi ed after S.aureus infection,including 390 up-regulated and 671 down-regulated genes.Many immune-related genes including Spaetzle,prophenoloxidase activating factor,C-type lectin,anti-lipopolysaccharide factor,and inhibitor of apoptosis 2 protein were commonly up-regulated after A.veronii or S.aureus infection.This study will enrich our understanding of the immune response to gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria infection in crustaceans.
