Systematics, species diversity and new taxa of mesozooplankton in the West Pacific Ocean and its marginal seas: a brief compilation of monographs in China

Research and protection of biodiversity is generally started with species recognizing guided by achievement of cataloguing and illustration obtained through in situ investigation data accumulation and literature learning. Facing the shortage of taxonomist, it is getting harder to maintain important specimen collections and handle loans. The West Pacific Ocean has been operating as a center of the origin of global marine biodiversity result of the richest species diversity of marine taxa found in these waters. The present work is a compilation and summary of systematics, species diversity and new taxa of mesozooplankton major group known in West Pacific Ocean and its marginal seas （0°-45°N, 105°-152°E） according to 6 203 mesozooplankton samples acquired from 701 stations during 1965 and 2008. A total of 2 657 species belonging to 686 genera and 206 families of 10 mesozooplankton groups have been found through taxonomic identification and document consulting. In details, 697 species from 251 genera of 99 families belong to the Medusozoa, 59 species from 22 genera of 12 families to the Ctenophora, 85 species from 36 genera of 14 families to the pelagic Mollusca （Pteropoda and Heteropoda）, 416 species from 91 genera of 8 families to the Ostracoda, 908 species from 156 genera of 51 families to the Copepoda, 202 species from 60 genera of 4 families to the Mysidacea, 56 species from 8 genera of 2 families to the Euphausiacea, 105 species from 23 genera of 8 families to the Decapoda, 48 species from 13 genera of 5 families to the Chaetognatha and 81 species from 26 genera of 5 families to the Tunicata. The dominant species of each group are enumerated. Moreover, 2 new species of Medusozoa, Tubulariidae, Ectopleura, 1 new species of Medusozoa, Protiaridae, Halitiarella, 1 new genus and 1 new species of Medusozoa, Corymorphidae are established. An amount of 806 species are expanded with an increase of 43.5% on the basis of 1 852 species recorded before 2008, including 1.4% increase from tropical sea around equator, 4.0% from the frigid water in high latitude region, and 3.0% of bathypelagic-associated waters. The authors also summarized future prospects into five major areas in marine mesozooplankton research in China. Such information of qualitative phyletic classification could be of high relevance to studies on biodiversity and biogeography of marine mesozooplankton, especially for monographs contributed to make an overall and systematic conclusion on the species of marine life in China after 2008.

NEW TAXA OF EUGLENOPHYTA FROM CHINA

Eight new taxa of Euglenophyta are described in this paper. They were collected from severalprovinces in China and respectively named Euglena allorgei var. exsulcata. E pisciformis var. globosa, E.tortiliS, Lepocinclis glabra var. papillata, Phacus pisiformis, Ph.strombuliformis,Ph.trimarginatus var.truncatus and Astasia angusta.

Kuedinskie Kluchiki, a Unique Middle Permian Biota Locality as a Key-point for Reconstruction of Late Paleozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems of the Urals, Russia

Field work focused on the Kuedinskie Kluchiki locality, Perm region, Urals, Russia, which contains a rich assemblage of diverse fossil organisms including higher plants(equisetophytes, pteridosperms, ginkgophytes, conifers, vojnovskyans) represented by stems, leaves and reproductive organs;invertebrates(mollusks, arthropods), and tetrapods(temnospondyl amphibians, seymouriamorphs, cotylosaurs, synapsids, diapsids), as well as bony fishes. General characteristics of the taxonomical composition of the Kuedinskie Kluchiki locality are given. A new peltaspermalean pteridosperm taxon, Compsopteris longipinnata sp. nov., and a voltzialean conifer Archaeovoltzia kuedensis sp. nov. are described. General considerations on the paleoecologic and paleogeographic conditions of the Kuedinskie Kluchiki locality origin are given.

贵州苦苣苔科植物新种资料(8)

贵州地处中国西南,苦苣苔科植物物种丰富,近年来有若干个新种在贵州被发现,并被合格发表。为了让研究人员、学生更好地理解贵州植物区系,现逐步将这些新类群进行介绍。本篇收录了德江石蝴蝶Petrocosmea dejiangensis Sheng H.Tang&Jian Xu、盘州石蝴蝶Petrocosmea panzhouensis Sheng H.Tang&T.Peng、开阳半蒴苣苔Hemiboea kaiyangensis T.Peng&S.Z.He以及黔渝马铃苣苔Oreocharis qianyuensis Lei Cai,J.W.Yang&Q.Zhang。

支持新质生产力发展的财税政策研究

通过财税政策培育新质生产力是实现高水平科技自立自强和高质量发展的重要命题。在梳理相关研究文献基础上,基于技术—经济—治理范式,从微观、中观和宏观不同视角出发,对财税政策支持新质生产力发展的逻辑进行解构。近年来,我国财税政策支持新质生产力发展取得积极进展。与此同时,适应新质生产力发展要求的财税政策面临着一系列挑战。基于理论分析和实践需求,提出支持新质生产力发展的财税政策的总体思路,并从推动科技创新、提升产业创新能力、绿色低碳发展、推进体制机制创新和优化人才工作体制机制等方面提出政策建议。

New Jurassic Pseudopolycentropodids from China (Insecta: Mecoptera)

In this paper two new species of fossil Pseudopolycentropus Handlirsch, 1906 are described： Pseudopolycentropus janeannae sp. nov. and P. novokshonovi, sp. nov. All of them were recovered from the Middle Jurassic non-marine sedimentary strata of northeastern China. The new material from China reveals that the early diversification of pseudopolycentropodids was well underway by the Middle Jurassic.

New Pelecinid Wasps (Hymenoptera:Proctotrupoidea:Pelecinidae) from the Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning,China

Three well-preserved fossil Pelecinids from the Late Mesozoic Yixian Formation,Liaoning Province,China are described and assigned to two new species,Eopelecinus huangi sp.nov.and Eopelecinus tumidus sp.nov.in Eopelecinus Zhang,Rasnitsyn and Zhang,2002.As of now,17 species have been included in this genus,which is the most diverse in the Pelecinidae family.With new information and characters obtained from these new specimens,the diagnosis of Eopelecinus Zhang, Rasnitsyn and Zhang,2002 is emended.

云南樟科植物一新种--华樟

【目的】研究确定及报道在中国云南省南涧县发现的樟科桂属植物一新种--—华樟(Cinnamomumhua-rumY.Chai&YuanY.Li)。【方法】通过形态比较及与近缘种基于叶绿体基因组数据的分子系统学研究证实该种为新分类群。【结果】该种与同属的茶果樟(C.chago)形态相似,均为羽状脉,叶对生或近对生,具长尾尖,但该种小枝被微柔毛,顶芽密被毛,叶背灰白色,被微柔毛,边缘具波状起伏,果实厚扁球形,二者具明显区别。该种的叶绿体基因组大小为154078bp,比茶果樟长1325bp,比同属的刀把木(C.pittosporoides)长1348bp,在反向重复区比茶果樟及刀把木都多了1个678bp的片段;在36种樟科植物构建的系统发育进化树中,该种与刀把木和其他物种形成3个独立的平行分支,且形态与茶果樟近似,表明该种可能是桂属新的进化单元。【结论】形态学特征及叶绿体基因组分析结果支持该种为独立的物种。

Bifurcus,a new leafhopper genus of the Alebroides group(Hemiptera:Cicadellidae:Typhlocybinae)from China

Bifurcus flavidus gen.et sp.nov.is described based on specimens from Yunnan,China.Habitus photos and illustrations of the male genitalia of this new species are given and differences between the new genus with closely related genera are discussed.

Findings on three endocommensal scuticociliates(Protista,Ciliophora)from freshwater mollusks,including their morphology and molecular phylogeny with descriptions of two new species

Species of the ciliate genera Myxophyllum and Conchophthirus are found as endocommensals of terrestrial and freshwater mollusks,respectively.So far,there have been few studies of these genera and morphological data for most members are often incomplete.In the present work,two new species,Myxophyllum weishanense sp.nov.and Conchophthirus paracurtus sp.nov.,and a known species,Conchophthirus lamellidens,were isolated from hosts in Lake Weishan Wetland,China.Taxonomic studies indicate that M.weishanense sp.nov.can be recognized mainly by the combination of about 60 somatic kineties on both ventral and dorsal sides and the presence of caudal cilia.Conchophthirus paracurtus sp.nov.differs from congeners in its body shape and size,having a glabrous area on the posterior right side,and having fewer somatic kineties.In addition,differences in their ITS2(Internally Transcribed Spacer 2)secondary structures support the discrimination of the two new species from their highly similar congeners.An improved diagnosis for the poorly known species,C.lamel-lidens is also provided.Phylogenetic analyses reveal that members of the genus Myxophyllum belong to a fully supported clade that is sister to a large,poorly supported clade consisting of Hemispeiridae,Ancistridae,and several lineages of the nonmonophyletic Cyclidiidae.The Myxophyllum clade also includes Protophyra ovicola JQ956552,a possible misidenti-fication.Sequences of the two new Conchophthirus species cluster with other congeners in a fully supported clade that is unrelated to either the‘typical’thigmotrichs or to pleuronematids,thus conflicting with the traditional classification,and may represent an orphan scuticociliate lineage.

近5年全球古脊椎动物新分类单元研究概况

古脊椎动物多样性数据资源是研究地球历史以及深时生命演化的重要信息来源,古脊椎动物物种名录是研究古脊椎动物多样性的重要基础,及时了解古脊椎动物分类单元数据的更新,可以实时掌握古脊椎动物多样性的研究热点,把握学科发展脉络。基于“深骨”数据库,文章利用文献计量学方法对近5年古脊椎动物不同类群新分类单元的年变化特征、分布地、发表期刊以及主要贡献的机构进行了梳理。分析结果显示,近5年全球新增古脊椎动物分类单元2662个,涉及文献1946篇,在2019年底新冠疫情爆发后,古脊椎动物新分类单元和文章数量均呈下降趋势。近5年全球古脊椎动物新分类单元模式标本主要分布在古脊椎动物化石资源丰富、经济和科研实力较强的国家,主要有美国、中国、新西兰、阿根廷和德国。Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology、Cretaceous Research、Historical Biology、PeerJ和Journal of Systematic Palaeontology等刊物是新分类单元发表的主要载刊,而贡献度最高的机构分别为中国科学院、俄罗斯科学院、阿根廷国家科学与技术研究理事会和美国自然历史博物馆等单位,且各机构的研究合作十分密切。中国古脊椎动物分类学的研究已处于世界领先水平,未来还应该继续加强古脊椎动物多样性基础数据积累,为探讨生物多样性的起源和演化提供支撑。

1985年以来安徽维管植物新分类群和新分布纪录

笔者在整理安徽维管植物新名录过程中,依据中国生物物种名录(2022版),对1985—2022年在安徽境内发现的植物新分类群和新分布纪录进行了系统梳理和分析研究.迄今为止,安徽维管植物报道了182个新分类群,含132个新种,3个新亚种,24个新变种,16个新变型,6个新组合,1个新名称;新分布纪录461种,其中国家级新分布11种.该研究可为《安徽植物志》的修订和新编提供科学依据和基础资料.

日轮果属,越南唇形科黄芩亚科一新属

描述并绘制了越南唇形科一新属及新种:日轮果属(Heliacria Bo Li,C.L.Xiang,T.S.Hoang&Nuraliev)和日轮果(H.maritima Bo Li,C.L.Xiang,T.S.Hoang&Nuraliev)。日轮果属因具攀援藤本习性,花大且花冠为纯白色,花萼近辐射对称、5深裂、裂片长且在果期增大并开展,果实顶端具放射状的瘤状突起等特征而明显区别于黄芩亚科的其他5属。目前,该属仅发现于越南东南部沿海的平定省、富安省、庆和省和宁顺省,常生于海岸边干旱的低地矮林中。

Twenty years of Chinese vascular plant novelties,2000 through 2019

From 2000 to 2019,11,895 new names or new additions to the Chinese vascular flora were proposed by 4226 individuals(4086 articles and 140 books),as documented in the Chinese Plant Names Index(CPNI).During those 20 years,4407 new taxa of vascular plants were described from China,including 7 new families,132 new genera,3543 new species,68 new subspecies,497 new varieties and 160 new forms.Additionally,3562 new combinations and names at new rank and 306 new replacement names were also proposed.Among these various new names were 150 invalid names and 108 illegitimate names,including some that have not been resolved.Six hundred and forty three vascular plants were reported as new to China,while 2349 names were reduced to synonyms of 1406 taxa.The data show that the Chinese flora increased in size at the rate of about 200 taxa annually during those years.Despite the increased attention given to biodiversity in recent years,the evidence indicates that a large number of species in China have yet to be discovered.Further basic investigation of the Chinese flora is needed.Additionally,in the past two decades only 8.5%of the newly published species have been based on molecular evidence,but in the past five years such data have increased significantly,reaching about 20%.Molecular data will undoubtedly become increasingly significant in the discovery of new species in the coming years.Yunnan,Guangxi,Sichuan,Xizang and Taiwan were important sources of new discoveries,with more than 3300 new taxa and records from these five provinces.By area,Taiwan and Hainan,two islands in southern China,have the highest density of newly discovered species.Regional plant surveys are still needed,especially in areas in the southwest and on the southern islands.

河北张家口下花园地区新元古代下马岭组油页岩中的红藻化石

通过对下花园地区晚前寒武纪下马岭组油页岩的研究,发现了保存极为完好的红藻化石,同时也发现特定的底栖宏观红藻可以作为重要生烃母质,在中—低成熟度条件下,甚至可以成为重要生油母质。

河南黄杨属植物的研究

该文对《河南植物志》(第二册 )、《河南树木志》和《河南木本植物图鉴》中黄杨属植物进行了修订与增补 .其主要内容 :①补充了黄杨属花的形态描述 ;②纠正了锦熟黄杨和雀舌黄杨的错误鉴定 ,两者在河南均无栽培 ,后者也无野生 ;③报道了 1新记录变种———越桔叶黄杨 ;④发表了黄杨属 1新亚属———异雄蕊黄杨亚属、1新种———河南黄杨和 1新变种———雌花黄杨 ,并采用系统聚类和同工酶分析技术的研究结果 。

新中文命名规则下的最新中国苦苣苔科植物名录

中国苦苣苔科植物的物种数量在过去的十余年内出现了令人惊讶的飞速增长,同时自2011年以来属一级水平上的大范围修订使得我国苦苣苔科植物物种系统位置的变动频繁而巨大,导致中文文献中使用的学名和对应的中文名称出现了相当程度上的混乱。本文整理了自专著《中国植物志·第69卷》《Flora of China:Vol. 18》《中国苦苣苔科植物》《华南苦苣苔科植物》和前一阶段归纳的我国苦苣苔科植物生物多样性文献付梓和发表以来,正式报道的所有中国苦苣苔科植物新分类群,提供了物种修订前后的新旧物种名的对照,为部分发表时未指定中文名称的新分类群新拟了中文名,对出现了混淆的物种中文名进行了梳理,以期为国内研究者更好地引用和使用我国苦苣苔科植物的中文名称奠定基础。截止2019年1月,我国已经正式报道和合格发表的苦苣苔科植物物种数已经有719种(含种下等级)。在新命名规则背景下梳理的中国苦苣苔科植物名录将在中国苦苣苔科植物保育中心(GCCC)的网站(http://gccc.gxib.cn)上实时更新。

枸杞属(茄科)新类群杂交起源初探

为探讨枸杞属新类群的起源及国产枸杞属植物的亲缘关系,该文使用核基因颗粒性结合淀粉合成酶基因(GBSSI)片段,对国产7个类群的枸杞属植物进行了分子系统学研究。结果表明:中国分布的枸杞属植物属于旧世界类群并分为4个强烈支持的分支,而新类群的形成与杂交密切相关。此外,初步分析还显示宁夏枸杞有较高的遗传分化。

广东蕨类植物区系研究(Ⅰ)

报道蕨类植物１新种，南岭凤尾蕨，１新变型，齿翅井栏边草；３个广东新记录属：过山蕨属、安蕨属、黔蕨属；８个广东新记录种：过山蕨、华东安蕨、长尾复叶耳蕨、鞭叶蕨、假暗鳞鳞毛蕨、武夷山鳞毛蕨、黑鳞毛蕨、黑鳞耳蕨、粗齿黔蕨等．

浙江蔷薇科新分类群

描述了浙江蔷薇科1新亚种和1新变种,并分别附有线条图。它们是:腺瓣蔷薇(新亚种)和遂昌红腺悬钩子(新变种)。腺瓣蔷薇与模式亚种单花合柱蔷薇区别在托叶、叶柄和萼片仅密被短柔毛而无腺毛,小叶片较大,两面近无毛或疏被短柔毛,伞房花序具1～3花,花瓣宽倒卵形。遂昌红腺悬钩子与模式变种红腺悬钩子区别在于花梗、小枝和老枝密被腺毛而无柔毛,小叶片两面具腺毛,萼片较长,长13～15mm,先端长尾尖。