Aldehyde and ketone compounds are ubiquitous in the air and prone to adverse effects on human health.Cooking emission is one of the major indoor sources.Aiming to evaluate health risks associated with inhalation expos...Aldehyde and ketone compounds are ubiquitous in the air and prone to adverse effects on human health.Cooking emission is one of the major indoor sources.Aiming to evaluate health risks associated with inhalation exposure to aldehyde and ketone compounds,13 carbonyl compounds(CCs)released from heating 5 edible oils,3 seasonings,and 2 dishes were investigated in a kitchen laboratory.For the scenarios of heating five types of oil,aldehydes accounted for 61.1%-78.0%of the total emission,mainly acetaldehyde,acrolein and hexanal.Comparatively,heating oil with added seasonings released greater concentrations of aldehyde and ketone compounds.The concentration enhancement of larger molecular aldehydes was significantly greater.The emission factors of aldehyde and ketone compounds for cooking the dish of chili friedmeatweremuch greater compared to that of tomato fried eggs.Therefore,food materials also had a great impact on the aldehyde and ketone emissions.Acetone and acetaldehyde were the most abundant CCs in the kitchen.Acrolein concentrations ranged from 235.18 to 498.71μg/m^(3),which was about 100 times greater compared to the guidelines provided by Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment(OEHHA).The acetaldehyde inhalation for adultswas 856.83-1515.55μg and 56.23-192.79μg from exposure to chili fried meat and tomato fried eggs,respectively.This exceeds the reference value of 90μg/day provided by OEHHA.The findings of this study provided scientific evidences for the roles of cooking emissions on indoor air quality and human health.展开更多
Twenty one 1,3 dioxolanes with varieties of substituents at 2,4 positions were synthesized by acid catalyzed acetalization and ketalization reactions of glycerol and its modified derivatives. The assignment and qua...Twenty one 1,3 dioxolanes with varieties of substituents at 2,4 positions were synthesized by acid catalyzed acetalization and ketalization reactions of glycerol and its modified derivatives. The assignment and quantitative analyses of thermodynamically equilibrated cis and trans 1,3 dioxolanes were completed by 1H NMR. The stereoselective regularity was found in acetalization and ketalization reactions of glycerol and its modified derivatives. The stereoselective regularity of the condensation reactions was reasonably explained by anomeric effect and 2,4 nonbonded interaction.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22076025)Talent Introduction Project of Fudan University(No.JIH1829013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32101191).
文摘Aldehyde and ketone compounds are ubiquitous in the air and prone to adverse effects on human health.Cooking emission is one of the major indoor sources.Aiming to evaluate health risks associated with inhalation exposure to aldehyde and ketone compounds,13 carbonyl compounds(CCs)released from heating 5 edible oils,3 seasonings,and 2 dishes were investigated in a kitchen laboratory.For the scenarios of heating five types of oil,aldehydes accounted for 61.1%-78.0%of the total emission,mainly acetaldehyde,acrolein and hexanal.Comparatively,heating oil with added seasonings released greater concentrations of aldehyde and ketone compounds.The concentration enhancement of larger molecular aldehydes was significantly greater.The emission factors of aldehyde and ketone compounds for cooking the dish of chili friedmeatweremuch greater compared to that of tomato fried eggs.Therefore,food materials also had a great impact on the aldehyde and ketone emissions.Acetone and acetaldehyde were the most abundant CCs in the kitchen.Acrolein concentrations ranged from 235.18 to 498.71μg/m^(3),which was about 100 times greater compared to the guidelines provided by Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment(OEHHA).The acetaldehyde inhalation for adultswas 856.83-1515.55μg and 56.23-192.79μg from exposure to chili fried meat and tomato fried eggs,respectively.This exceeds the reference value of 90μg/day provided by OEHHA.The findings of this study provided scientific evidences for the roles of cooking emissions on indoor air quality and human health.
文摘Twenty one 1,3 dioxolanes with varieties of substituents at 2,4 positions were synthesized by acid catalyzed acetalization and ketalization reactions of glycerol and its modified derivatives. The assignment and quantitative analyses of thermodynamically equilibrated cis and trans 1,3 dioxolanes were completed by 1H NMR. The stereoselective regularity was found in acetalization and ketalization reactions of glycerol and its modified derivatives. The stereoselective regularity of the condensation reactions was reasonably explained by anomeric effect and 2,4 nonbonded interaction.
