The biosynthesis of alarm pheromone in the wheat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi is regulated by hormones via fatty acid metabolism

Aphids are major insect pests in agriculture and forestry worldwide.Following attacks by natural enemies,many aphids release an alarm pheromone to protect their population.In most aphids,the main component of the aphid alarm pheromone(AAP)is the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon(E)-β-farnesene(EβF).However,the mechanisms behind its biosynthesis and regulation remain poorly understood.In this study,we used the bird cherry–oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi,which is an important wheat aphid,to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of EβF biosynthesis.Our results showed that EβF biosynthesis occurs during the mature embryo period and the molting period of the 1st-and 2nd-instar nymphs.Triglycerides provide the prerequisite material for EβF production and release.Based on transcriptome sequencing,RNAi analysis,hormone treatments,and quantitative measurements,we found that the biosynthesis of EβF utilizes acetyl coenzyme A produced from fatty acid degradation,which can be suppressed by juvenile hormone but it is promoted by 20-hydroxyecdysone through the modulation of fatty acid metabolism.This is the first systemic study on the modulation of EβF production in aphids.The results of our study provide insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of AAP biosynthesis,as well as valuable information for designing potential aphid control strategies.

Short-chain fatty acids act as antiinflammatory mediators by regulating prostaglandin E_2 and cytokines

AIM： To investigate the effect of short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs） on production of prostaglandin E2 （PGE2）, cytokines and chemokines in human monocytes. METHODS： Human neutrophils and monocytes were isolated from human whole blood by using 1-Step Polymorph and RosetteSep Human Monocyte Enrichment Cocktail, respectively. Human GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA expression was examined by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction, The calcium flux assay was used to examine the biological activities of SCFAs in human neutrophils and monocytes. The effect of SCFAs on human monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） was studied by measuring PGE2, cytokines and chemokines in the supernatant. The effect of SCFAs in vivo was examined by intraplantar injection into rat paws. RESULTS： Human GPR43 is highly expressed in human neutrophils and monocytes. SCFAs induce robust calcium flux in human neutrophils, but not in human monocytes. In this study, we show that SCFAs can induce human monocyte release of PGE2 and that this effect can be enhanced in the presence of lipopolysaccharide （LPS）. In addition, we demonstrate that PGE2 production induced by SCFA was inhibited by pertussis toxin, suggesting the involvement of a receptor-mediated mechanism. Furthermore, SCFAs can specifically inhibit constitutive monocyte chemotactic protein-1 （MCP-1） production and LPS-induced interleukin-10 （IL-10） production in human monocytes without affecting the secretion of other cytokines and chemokines examined. Similar activities were observed in human PBMC for the release of PGE2, MCP-1 and IL-10 after 5CFA treatment. In addition, SCFAs inhibit LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-7 in human PBIVlC. Finally, we show that SCFAs and LPS can induce PGE2 production in vivo by intraplantar injection into rat paws （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： SCFAs can have distinct antiinflammatory activities due to their regulation of PGE2, cytokine and chemokine release from human immune cells.

Fecal microbes, short chain fatty acids, and colorectal cancer across racial/ethnic groups

AIM:To investigate differences in microbes and short chain fatty acid(SCFA) levels in stool samples from Hispanic and non-Hispanic African American,American Indian,and White participants.METHODS:Stool samples from twenty participants were subjected to analysis for relative levels of viable bacteria and for SCFA levels.Additionally,the samples were subjected to 16 S r RNA gene pyrosequencing for identification of bacteria present in the stool.We used a metagenome functional prediction technique to analyze genome copy numbers and estimate the abundance of butyrate kinase in all samples.RESULTS:We found that African Americans had significantly lower levels of acetate,butyrate,and total SCFAs than all other racial/ethnic groups.We also found that participant microbial profiles differed by racial/ethnic group.African Americans had significantly more Firmicutes than Whites,with enriched Ruminococcaceae.The Firmicutes /Bacteroidetes ratio was also significantly higher for African Americans than for Whites(P =0.049).We found Clostridium levels to be significantly and inversely related to total SCFA levels(P =0.019) and we found Bacteroides to be positively associated(P =0.027) and Clostridium to be negatively associated(P =0.012) with levels of butyrate.We also identified a correlation between copy number for a butyrate kinase predicted from 16 S r RNA gene abundance and levels of butyrate in stool.CONCLUSION:The identified differences in gut flora and SCFA levels may relate to colorectal cancer mortality differentials and may be useful as targets for future clinical and behavioral interventions.

Optimizing Vitamin E Purification from Unsaponiable Matter of Palm Fatty Acids Distillate by Low Temperature Solvent Crystallization

Palm fatty acid distillate （PFAD）, a by-product of deodorization in palm oil refining, contains about 0.7%-1% vitamin E. The advantage of PFAD over other vitamin E sources is higher amount of tocotrienols than that of tocopherols. Vitamin E purification of unsaponiable matter of PFAD was aimed to remove other impurities to obtain high vitamin E concentration, mainly tocotrienols. This research used low temperature solvent crystallization to purify vitamin E. To optimize response of vitamin concentration, a response surface method was applied with three factors, i.e., the ratio between solvent and unsaponifiable matter （A）, crystallization temperature （B）, and crystallization time （C）. The relation of three factors was quadratic with equation Y = -128.54361 ＋ 41.33904A - 0.87995B ＋ 1.58941C ＋ 0.00290AB - 0.044324AC ＋ 0.00120BC - 3.33113A2 - 0.039535B2 - 0.02710C2. The optimum crystallization condition was obtained at ratio of solventto unsaponifiable matter of 6.04：1, crystallization temperature of-10.54 ℃, and crystallization time of 24.16 hours. Vitamin E enriched fraction from optimum crystallization conditions contained vitamin E of 20.13% （w/w）.

Effects of dietary vitamin E on muscle vitamin E and fatty acid content in Aohan fine-wool sheep

Background： Increasing the polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA） content and decreasing the saturated fatty acid （SFA） content of mutton can help to improve its nutritional value for consumers. Several laboratories have evaluated the effects of vitamin E on the fatty acid （FA） composition of muscle in sheep. However, little information is available on wool sheep, even though wool sheep breeds are an important source of mutton, especially in northern China where sheep are extensively farmed. The present study was designed to address the effects of vitamin E on muscle FA composition in male Aohan fine-wool sheep. Methods： Forty-two male Aohan fine-wool lambs （5 mo old） with similar initial body weight were randomly divided into seven groups and fed diets supplemented with 0 （control group）, 20, 100, 200, 1,000, 2,000, or 2,400 IU/sheep/d vitamin E for 12 mo. Three lambs from each group were slaughtered to measure vitamin E and FA content in the Iongissimus lumborum （LL） and gluteus medius （GM） muscles. Results： Vitamin E concentrations in the LL and GM increased significantly after 12 mo of vitamin E supplementation （P 〈 0.05）. However, this increase did not occur in a dose-dependent manner because the muscle vitamin E concentration was highest in the 200 IU/sheep/d group. Dietary vitamin E supplementation also caused a significant reduction in SFA content and an increase in monounsaturated FA （MUFA） content in the LL and GM （P 〈 0.05）. All six doses of vitamin E significantly increased cis9 tronsl -conjugated linoleic acid （cgtl -CLA） content in the LL compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： Dietary supplementation with vitamin E increased muscle vitamin E content and improved the nutritional value of mutton by decreasing SFA content and increasing MUFA and c9tl 1-CLA contents in Aohan fine-wool sheep. These effects were greatest in sheep fed a diet containing 200 IU/sheep/d vitamin E.

Effects of dietary hemp seed oil to sows on fatty acid profiles,nutritional and immune status of piglets

Background:The oil from industrial hemp seeds(Cannabis sativa)is an ideal source of stearidonic acid,which is a precursor fatty acid for the long-chained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.These fatty acids are important for neonatal development,health and immunity.Hemp seed oil has been investigated for the influence on human health,but research on the impact in pig nutrition is scarce.The aim of our research was to study the effect of dietary hemp seed oil relative to soybean oil to lactating sows on the transfer of fatty acids to the off-spring and the effect on piglets’immune and nutritional status.Results:The fatty acid composition of the hemp seed and the soybean oil influenced the fatty acid composition of sow plasma,colostrum and mature milk.The highest proportion of C18:3n-3,C18:4n-3 and C20:4n-6 was obtained in mature milk fat of sows fed 5%hemp seed oil diet when compared to the other dietary fat sources(5%soybean oil or a 50:50 mix of hemp and soybean oil at 5%).The effect of dietary oil supplementation to sows was reflected in the plasma fatty acids profile of piglets.Notably the proportion of C20:5n-3 and C22:5n-3 was the highest in plasma of piglets suckling sows fed hemp seed oil-containing diets,whereas no C18:4n-3 could be detected hence indicating conversion ofα-linolenic acid(ALA)and stearidonic acid(SDA)to the longer chained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.Dietary fat source also influenced number of born piglets,their weight gain during first week,plasma concentration of glucose and IgG,and haematological profile.Conclusions:The hemp seed oil resulted in direct maternal supply with n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids(LCPUFA),especially ALA and SDA,and piglets were able to convert these fatty acids obtained via the sow milk intake to C20:5n-3 and C22:5n-3.Furthermore,some interesting effects of the 5%hemp seed oil was obtained with regard to piglet initial body weight gain and glucose,which could be of interest for further research,i.e.,the capability of hemp seed oil to benefit piglets during early life.

α-Vitamin E derivative, RRR-α-tocopheryloxybutyric acid inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells

Aim： To investigate the activity of RRR-α-tocopheryloxybutyric acid （TOB）, an ether analog of RRR-α-tocopheryl succinate （VES）, in prostate cancer cells. Methods： VES and TOB were used to treat prostate cancer LNCaP, PC3, and 22Rvl cells and primary-cultured prostate fibroblasts. The proliferation rates were determined by MTT assay, the cell viabilities were determined by trypan blue exclusion assay, and the cell deaths were evaluated by using Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. The protein expression levels were determined by Western blot analysis. Results： The MTT growth assay demonstrated that TOB could effectively suppress the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, but not normal prostate fibroblasts. Mechanism dissections revealed that TOB reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells similar to VES. In addition, both TOB and VES suppressed prostate-specific antigen （PSA） at the transcriptional level leading to reduced PSA protein expression. Furthermore, vitamin D receptor （VDR） expression increased after the addition of TOB. Conclusion： Our data suggests that the VES derivative, TOB, is effective in inhibiting prostate cancer cell proliferation, suggesting that TOB could be used for both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic purposes in the future.

Current and emerging pharmacological therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

The main treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is life style modification including weight reduction and dietary regimen.Majority of patients are safely treated with this management and pharmacologic interventions are not recommended. However, a subgroup of NAFLD patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) who cannot achieve goals of life style modification may need pharmacological therapy. One major obstacle is measurement of histological outcome by liver biopsy which is an invasive method and is not recommended routinely in these patients. Several medications, mainly targeting baseline mechanism of NAFLD, have been investigated in clinical trials for treatment of NASH with promising results. At present, only pioglitazone acting as insulin sensitizing agent and vitamin E as an antioxidant have been recommended for treatment of NASH by international guidelines. Lipid lowering agents including statins and fibrates, pentoxifylline, angiotensin receptor blockers, ursodeoxycholic acid, probiotics and synbiotics are current agents with beneficial effects for treatment of NASH but have not been approved yet. Several emerging medications are in development for treatment of NASH. Obeticholic acid, liraglutide, elafibranor, cenicriviroc and aramchol have been tested in clinical trials or are completing trials. Here in, current and upcoming medications with promising results in clinical trial for treatment of NAFLD were reviewed.

血清中载脂蛋白E、sST2及游离脂肪酸水平对急性缺血性脑卒中患者病情转归的预测价值

目的:探究血清中载脂蛋白E(Apolipoprotein E,ApoE)、可溶性的生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(Soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2,sST2)及游离脂肪酸(Free fatty acid,FFA)水平对急性缺血性脑卒中患者病情转归的预测价值。方法:选取本院2020年1月至2022年12月神经内科收治的163例急性缺血性脑卒中(Acute ischemic stroke,AIS)患者作为研究对象,根据发病后90 d的转归情况分成转归良好组和转归不良组。收集患者的基线资料;检测对比两组患者血清FFA、ApoE及sST2水平;分析影响AIS患者病情转归的因素;分析ApoE、sST2及FFA表达单独及联合检测对AIS患者转归的预测价值。结果:转归不良组的高血压和高血脂情况显著增多;血清ApoE、sST2及FFA的表达均明显低于转归不良组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析显示,高血压、高血脂、ApoE、sST2及FFA表达均为病情转归的影响因素(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析可得,ApoE、sST2及FFA预测AIS患者转归的AUC值分别为0.768、0.740、0.801;联合检测的AUC值为0.874。结论:高血压、高血脂、ApoE、sST2及FFA表达均为病情转归的影响因素,且ApoE、sST2及FFA三项指标联合预测AIS患者的病情转归更有效。

饲粮中添加不同水平维生素E对贵州黑山羊生长性能、免疫指标以及肉品质的影响

试验旨在探究饲粮中添加不同水平维生素E对贵州黑山羊生长性能、免疫性能和肉品质的影响。选取生长状况良好、平均体重为(21.66±1.64)kg的贵州黑山羊44只,采用完全随机设计分为4组,分别为对照组、试验1组、试验2组和试验3组,每组11只,对照组和试验1、2、3组维生素E添加量分别为0、50、250、500 mg/(d·只),预试期7 d,正试期120 d,每天测定各组黑山羊的采食量,每隔30 d测定各组黑山羊的体重。试验结束后计算各组黑山羊的平均日采食量(ADFI)和平均日增重(ADG);采集各组黑山羊血液,测定血清免疫指标;每组随机选取3只黑山羊进行屠宰,测定肉质性状以及肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸的含量。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验2组的ADG提高了16.23%,免疫因子含量也有提高,其中IgA和IgG显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验2组肌肉剪切力和滴水损失显著低于对照组(P<0.05),粗蛋白、多不饱和脂肪酸、油酸和亚油酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中维生素E添加量为250 mg/(d·只)时提升贵州黑山羊生长性能、免疫性能以及改善肉质指标的效果较好。

GhATL68b regulates cotton fiber cell development by ubiquitinating the enzyme required for β-oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids

E3 ligases are key enzymes required for protein degradation.Here,we identified a C3H2C3 RING domaincontaining E3 ubiquitin ligase gene named GhATL68b.It is preferentially and highly expressed in developing cotton fiber cells and shows greater conservation in plants than in animals or archaea.The four orthologous copies of this gene in various diploid cottons and eight in the allotetraploid G.hirsutum were found to have originated from a single common ancestor that can be traced back to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii at about 992 million years ago.Structural variations in the GhATL68b promoter regions of G.hirsutum,G.herbaceum,G.arboreum,and G.raimondii are correlated with significantly different methylation patterns.Homozygous CRISPR-Cas9 knockout cotton lines exhibit significant reductions in fiber quality traits,including upper-half mean length,elongation at break,uniformity,and mature fiber weight.In vitro ubiquitination and cell-free protein degradation assays revealed that GhATL68b modulates the homeostasis of 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase,a rate-limiting enzyme for theβ-oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs),via the ubiquitin proteasome pathway.Fiber cells harvested from these knockout mutants contain significantly lower levels of PUFAs important for production of glycerophospholipids and regulation of plasma membrane fluidity.The fiber growth defects of the mutant can be fully rescued by the addition of linolenic acid(C18:3),the most abundant type of PUFA,to the ovule culture medium.This experimentally characterized C3H2C3 type E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in regulating fiber cell elongation may provide us with a new genetic target for improved cotton lint production.

Lactobacillus plantarum J26 alleviates alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury by regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway

Oxidative stress is one of the main ways to cause alcohol-induced liver injury,and alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been a common health problem worldwide.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)is also considered as a potential treatment to alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury.Lactobacillus plantarum J26 is a LAB isolated from Chinese traditional fermented dairy products with excellent probiotic effects.This study aimed to establish a mice model of alcoholic liver injury through acute-on-chronic alcohol feeding and to study the alleviating effect of pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 on alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury and focus on its potential mechanism of alleviating effect.The results showed that pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 could improve liver pathological changes,reduce lipid accumulation,increase mitochondrial ATP and mitochondrial(mtDNA)levels,and alleviate liver injury.In addition,pre-intake L.plantarum J26 can improve the level of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the intestines in mice,short chain fatty acids can be used as a signaling molecule activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway to alleviate liver oxidative stress,and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy,thereby reducing cell apoptosis to alleviate alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury.

不同提取方式茶叶籽油脂肪酸及V_E组成分析与比较

以脱壳茶叶籽为原料,分别采用超临界CO2选择性萃取、压榨法及索氏法从茶叶籽中提取茶叶籽油,采用国标方法分析了不同提取方式得到的茶叶籽油的脂肪酸组成及VE组成。结果表明:采用三段式超临界CO2选择性萃取,不同萃取阶段得到的茶叶籽油脂肪酸组成存在一定变化规律,随着萃取压力及温度的升高,超临界CO2萃取出部分微量脂肪酸,包括:C14∶0、C16∶1、C20∶0,而这些脂肪酸在采用压榨法及索氏法提取得到的茶叶籽油中未检出。茶叶籽油中VE以α-VE为主,采用三段式超临界CO2选择性萃取茶叶籽油,VE主要在第一阶段被萃取出来,后呈逐段降低趋势,而且第一阶段茶叶籽油中VE含量高于压榨法及索氏法。

硒、维生素E和多不饱和脂肪酸复合作用与克山病发病关系的研究

目的 :研究硒 (Se)、维生素 E(VE)及多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFAs)三因素复合作用与克山病发病的关系。方法 :测定南北方典型克山病病区主食粮中 VE及 Se含量 ,并用克山病病区粮 (及其添加豆油 )饲料喂养大鼠 70 d,测定各组织中 α-、γ-生育酚 (α- ,γ- Toco)等含量。结果 :病区玉米和大米在 Se低的同时 ,α- Toco含量亦显著低于非病区对照。饲克山病病区粮饲料大鼠血浆、红细胞膜、心肌线粒体、肝线粒体均处于低 α- Toco状态。饲料中添加富含 PUFAs的豆油时 ,细胞膜中 α- Toco含量进一步下降 ,血浆LPO、CK、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶 (α- HBDH)显著增加。结论 :PUFAs长期负荷 ,可使实验动物体内抗氧化能力下降 ,细胞膜严重受损 ;Se、VE及

维生素E和维生素C对斜带石斑鱼亲鱼产卵质量的影响

在饲喂斜带石斑鱼Epinepheluscoioides亲鱼的新鲜鲜杂鱼中添加w=0 2%的维生素E或w=0 5%维生素C,经过45d的营养强化之后,在4-6月期间采集受精卵,孵化成仔鱼,并测定其营养成分。结果显示,亲鱼饵料中添加维生素E不仅可以增大亲鱼受精卵的卵径、油球直径和仔鱼全长,而且影响受精卵脂肪酸的组成,受精卵中n＿3PUFA和n＿6PUFA的含量以及PUFA SFA、DHA EPA的比值显著高于对照组;亲鱼饵料中添加维生素C对卵径、油球直径、仔鱼全长和受精卵脂肪酸的组成没有明显影响。由此表明,斜带石斑鱼亲鱼饲料中添加维生素E可以改善受精卵的质量和仔鱼质量,而添加维生素C对受精卵卵径、受精卵脂肪酸组成和仔鱼全长没有显著影响。

黑果枸杞油中脂肪酸、植物甾醇的组成及维生素A、维生素E的分析

对黑果枸杞油中脂肪酸、植物甾醇组成及维生素A、维生素E的含量进行测定。结果表明:黑果枸杞油中不饱和脂肪酸含量为90.0%,其中油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸含量分别为17.9%、67.6%和4.0%;植物甾醇由β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇和豆甾醇组成,总含量为489.2 mg/100 g;维生素A和维生素E的含量分别为0.3 mg/100 g和46.3 mg/100 g。黑果枸杞油是一种具有开发价值的新型植物油。

维生素E、C和HUFA交互作用对中华绒螯蟹生殖性能的影响

通过投喂添加或不添加VE、VC和HUFA的四组实验饲料,经198d饲养实验,以雌蟹的性腺系数、产卵力、孵化率、各组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量等为指标,研究这两类营养素交互作用对其生殖性能的影响。结果表明,VE、VC和HUFA对雌蟹生殖性能有显著的影响(P<0.05):在产卵力方面,1组为3790个卵细胞·g-1体重,极显著高于2组(为2317个卵细胞·g-1体重)和3组(为2129个卵细胞·g-1体重)(P<0.01),显著高于4组(为3050个卵细胞·g-1体重)和5组(对照组)(为3010个卵细胞·g-1体重)(P<0.05);而孵化率方面,1组(86.17%)极显著高于2组(36.06%)、3组(29.18%)和4组(25.73%)(P<0.01),也显著高于5组(71.12%)(P<0.05)。1组和2组雌蟹性腺中SOD活性分别为40.09Nu·mL-1和39.87Nu·mL-1,相应地,MDA含量分别为6.87nmol·mL-1和3.33nmol·mL-1;而3组和4组雌蟹,尽管其性腺中SOD活性较高,分别为79.21Nu·mL-1和85.2Nu·mL-1,但由于饲料中抗氧化性VE、VC的缺乏,导致脂质过氧化发生,其MDA含量显著增加(P<0.05),分别为12.65nmol·mL-1和25.18nmol·mL-1。4组雌蟹的产卵力较大,但因VE、VC的缺乏发生脂质过氧化,导致所产的卵质低下,从而影响了卵子的孵化率。结果表明,VE。

β-胡萝卜素和V_E对饲喂鱼油日粮鸡肉中脂肪酸组成及其氧化稳定性的影响

将180只21日龄AA肉鸡分为6组。Ⅰ组饲喂豆油日粮。Ⅱ-Ⅵ组饲喂鱼油日粮;在Ⅱ～Ⅵ组鱼油日粮中。Ⅲ～V组分别添加15,45,75mg／kg β-胡萝卜素。Ⅵ组则添加200mg／kg维生素E（VE）。研究β胡萝卜素和VE对饲喂鱼油日粮鸡肉中脂肪酸组成、肉色、滴水损失、SOD活性和丙二醛含量影响。结果表明，与豆油日粮相比，在肉鸡日粮中添加鱼油，可增加鸡肉中饱和脂肪酸和ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸的相对台量。降低鸡肉的肉色;在鱼油日粮中添加不同水平的阻胡萝卜素和VE。可增加鸡肉的SOD活性。减少鸡肉的滴水损失和丙二醛含量。

亚麻籽、维生素E、乙氧基喹啉对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋黄ω-3PUFA富集的影响

目的:研究日粮中添加亚麻籽、VE、乙氧基喹啉对海蓝红蛋鸡生产性能及蛋黄中ω-3PUFA富集效果的影响。方法:随机选取480只48w龄的健康海蓝红蛋鸡,以不同水平亚麻籽、VE、乙氧基喹啉添加的饲料饲喂蛋鸡,测定其生产性能指标以及蛋黄中脂肪酸的含量。建立蛋黄中脂肪酸富集效果模型,确定三因素添加的最佳配比。结果:日粮中添加亚麻籽、VE、乙氧基喹啉对海蓝红蛋鸡的生产性能影响较小,试验组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);添加亚麻籽15%,VE0.17g/kg,而无乙氧基喹啉时,可获得最大的ω-3PUFA的富集。结论:通过对蛋鸡日粮中亚麻籽、VE含量的调控可以在不影响蛋鸡生产性能的条件下增加鸡蛋黄中脂肪酸的富集。

硒、维生素E对心肌缺血大鼠血浆与心肌游离脂肪酸的影响

以不同硒和ＶＥ含量的饲料饲养大鼠１０周，手术结扎其心脏左冠状动脉前降支４８小时，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定血浆和心肌ＦＦＡ含量和组成。结果：－Ｓｅ－ＶＥＧ组血浆ＦＦＡ、Ｃ１８：３、Ｃ２０：４增高，而Ｃ１６：０、Ｃ１６：０／ＦＦＡ下降；心肌Ｃ１８：３、ＰＵＦＡ／ＦＦＡ增高，Ｃ２０：４有上升趋势，Ｃ１６：０下降；血浆和心肌Ｃ１８：１均有增高趋势，Ｃ１８：２改变不明显；心肌ＧＳＨ－ｐｘ、Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ活力降低，ＬＰＯ含量升高；血清ＣＫ、ＬＤＨ增高。＋ＳｅＧ、＋ＶＥＧ或＋Ｓｅ＋ＶＥＧ对纠正上述变化有相似而又不尽相同的效果。结果提示，膳食摄入适量的Ｓｅ和ＶＥ可能影响ＦＦＡ组成，降低ＦＦＡ含量，改善急性缺血应激条件下心肌的功能和代谢状态，是Ｓｅ和ＶＥ减轻心肌缺血性损伤，防治缺血性心脏病发生发展的一个重要作用环节。