MAJOR－EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS AND WEAKLY MAJOR－EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS OF MULTIOBJECTIVE PROGRAMMING

In this papert the theory of major efficiency for multiobjective programmingis established.The major-efficient solutions and weakly major-efficient solutions of multiobjective programming given here are Pareto efficient solutions of the same multiobjectiveprogramming problem, but the converse is not true. In a ceratin sense , these solutionsare in fact better than any other Pareto efficient solutions. Some basic theorems whichcharacterize major-efficient solutions and weakly major-efficient solutions of multiobjective programming are stated and proved. Furthermore,the existence and some geometricproperties of these solutions are studied.

CHARACTERIZATION OF EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS FOR MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS INVOLVING SEMI-STRONG AND GENERALIZED SEMI-STRONG E-CONVEXITY

The authors of this article are interested in characterization of efficient solutions for special classes of problems. These classes consider semi-strong E-convexity of involved functions. Sufficient and necessary conditions for a feasible solution to be an efficient or properly efficient solution are obtained.

ε-strongly Efficient Solutions for Vector Optimization with Set-valued Maps

In locally convex Hausdorff topological vector spaces,ε-strongly efficient solutions for vector optimization with set-valued maps are discussed.Firstly,ε-strongly efficient point of set is introduced.Secondly,under the nearly cone-subconvexlike set-valued maps,the theorem of scalarization for vector optimization is obtained.Finally,optimality conditions of ε-strongly efficient solutions for vector optimization with generalized inequality constraints and equality constraints are obtained.

EXISTENCE RESULTS FOR GLOBALLY EFFICIENT SOLUTIONS OF VECTOR EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS VIA A GENERALIZED KKM PRINCIPLE

The aim of this article is to present new existence results for globally efficient solutions of a strong vector equilibrium problem given by a sum of two functions via a generalized KKM principle, and to establish the connectedness of the solutions set.

Efficient Solution to Electromagnetic Scattering Problems of Bodies of Revolution by Compressive Sensing

Under the theory structure of compressive sensing （CS）, an underdetermined equation is deduced for describing the discrete solution of the electromagnetic integral equation of body of revolution （BOR）, which will result in a small-scale impedance matrix. In the new linear equation system, the small-scale impedance matrix can be regarded as the measurement matrix in CS, while the excited vector is the measurement of unknown currents. Instead of solving dense full rank matrix equations by the iterative method, with suitable sparse representation, for unknown currents on the surface of BOR, the entire current can be accurately obtained by reconstructed algorithms in CS for small-scale undetermined equations. Numerical results show that the proposed method can greatly improve the computgtional efficiency and can decrease memory consumed.

Generating Efficient Solutions in Bilevel Multi-Objective Programming Problems

In this paper, we address bilevel multi-objective programming problems (BMPP) in which the decision maker at each level has multiple objective functions conflicting with each other. Given a BMPP, we show how to construct two artificial multiobjective programming problems such that any point that is efficient for both the two problems is an efficient solution of the BMPP. Some necessary and sufficient conditions for which the obtained result is applicable are provided. A complete procedure of the implementation of an algorithm for generating efficient solutions for the linear case of BMPP is presented. A numerical example is provided to illustrate how the algorithm operates.

An Efficient Accurate Direct Solution of Poisson's Equation for Computation of Meteorological Parameters

Poisson's equation is solved numerically by two direct methods, viz. Block Cyclic Reduction (BCR) method and Fourier Method. Qualitative and quantitative comparison between the numerical solutions obtained by two methods indicates that BCR method is superior to Fourier method in terms of speed and accuracy. Therefore. BCR method is applied to solve (?)2(?)= ζ and (?)2X= D from observed vorticity and divergent values. Thereafter the rotational and divergent components of the horizontal monsoon wind in the lower troposphere are reconstructed and are com pared with the results obtained by Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) method as this indirect method is generally in more use for obtaining the streamfunction ((?)) and velocity potential (X) fields in NWP models. It is found that the results of BCR method are more reliable than SOR method.

Power transfer efficiency in an air-breathing radio frequency ion thruster

Due to a series of challenges such as low-orbit maintenance of satellites, the air-breathing electric propulsion has got widespread attention. Commonly, the radio frequency ion thruster is favored by low-orbit missions due to its high specific impulse and efficiency. In this paper, the power transfer efficiency of the radio frequency ion thruster with different gas compositions is studied experimentally, which is obtained by measuring the radio frequency power and current of the antenna coil with and without discharge operation. The results show that increasing the turns of antenna coils can effectively improve the radio frequency power transfer efficiency, which is due to the improvement of Q factor. In pure N_2 discharge,with the increase of radio frequency power, the radio frequency power transfer efficiency first rises rapidly and then exhibits a less steep increasing trend. The radio frequency power transfer efficiency increases with the increase of gas pressure at relatively high power, while declines rapidly at relatively low power. In N_(2)/O_(2) discharge, increasing the N_(2) content at high power can improve the radio frequency power transfer efficiency, but the opposite was observed at low power. In order to give a better understanding of these trends, an analytic solution in limit cases is utilized, and a Langmuir probe was employed to measure the electron density. It is found that the evolution of radio frequency power transfer efficiency can be well explained by the variation of plasma resistance, which is related to the electron density and the effective electron collision frequency.

Efficient Authentication Scheme for UAV-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing

Preserving privacy is imperative in the new unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing(MEC)architecture to ensure that sensitive information is protected and kept secure throughout the communication.Simultaneously,efficiency must be considered while developing such a privacy-preserving scheme because the devices involved in these architectures are resource constrained.This study proposes a lightweight and efficient authentication scheme for theUAV-assistedMECenvironment.The proposed scheme is a hardware-based password-less authentication mechanism that is based on the fact that temporal and memory-related efficiency can be significantly improved while maintaining the data security by adopting a hardwarebased solution with a simple implementation.The proposed scheme works in four stages:system initialization,EU registration,EU authentication,and session establishment.It is implemented as a single hardware chip comprising registers and XOR gates,and it can run the entire process in one clock cycle.Consequently,the proposed scheme has significantly higher efficiency in terms of runtime and memory consumption compared to other prevalent methods in the area.Simulations are conducted to evaluate the proposed authentication algorithm.The results show that the scheme has an average execution time of 0.986 ms and consumes average memory of 34 KB.The hardware execution time is approximately 0.39 ns,which is a significantly less than the prevalent schemes,whose execution times range in milliseconds.Furthermore,the security of the proposed scheme is examined,and it is resistant to brute-force attacks.Around 1.158×10^(77) trials are required to overcome the system’s security,which is not feasible using fastest available processors.

Addressing the Issues and Developments Correlated with Envisaged 5G Mobile Technologies: Comprehensive Solutions

Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by 2023.The Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing devices.Recent research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile technology.High output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated currently.In this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is provided.The debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are provided.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international communication.Eventually,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.

Effect of polymer solution structure on displacement efficiency

In this paper, a series of experiments, including atomic force microscope （AFM）, environmental scanning electron microscope （ESEM）, and core displacement tests were conducted to investigate the effect of polymer solution structure on solution properties and oil displacement efficiency. The results show that in the HPAM solution polymer coils were formed and then aggregated into a loose structure, while the HAP2010 solution formed a strong network structure, which would significantly improve the solution viscosity and flow resistance so as to upgrade the capacity of piston-like oil displacement in highly permeable porous media. Meanwhile, the retention of the HAP2010 solution at pore throats were also enhanced, which could reduce water production during subsequent water flooding and enlarge the swept volume during polymer flooding. Therefore, enhancing the interaction among polymer molecules is an effective way to improve the displacement efficiency of polymer solutions in heavy oil reservoirs with high permeability.

Reasons and Solutions of the Time-consuming College English Teaching with Low Efficiency

College English teaching has been regarded as time- consuming with low efficiency for a long time. This thesis proceeds with the entity of English education in China, deals with the main problems lying in the current college English teaching from 3 perspectives, including the nation and society, teachers, and students, and provides 5 suggestions accordingly.

Crystallization behaviors of bayerite from sodium chromate alkali solutions

In order to clean production of chromium compounds, it is a critical process to remove aluminates and utilize aluminum compounds from artificial chromate alkali solutions. The effects of Na2 Cr O4 on the neutralization curve, Al（OH）3 precipitation efficiency and induction period of bayerite were investigated. The results indicate that the neutralization curve of the artificial chromate alkali solutions shows three distinct regions and its induction period is longer than that of pure sodium aluminate solutions at the same aluminum concentration. And the decreased temperature and volume fraction of CO2 enhance the particle size of bayerite β-Al（OH）3. Bayerite composed of agglomerates of rods and cone frustums was obtained from alkali metal chromate solutions with 28.5% CO2（volume fraction） at temperatures ranging from 50 °C to 70 °C. Coarse bayerite with particle size（d50） from 24.2 μm to 29.3 μm extremely has few impurities, which is suitable for comprehensive utilization.

考虑减排潜力的中国省域碳排放权分配研究——基于改进的ZSG-DEA模型

在2030年中国实现碳达峰的目标背景下,本文针对碳排放权合理分配的问题,采用改进的ZSG-DEA模型考虑各省(区、市)的减排潜力,探寻兼顾公平和效率的碳排放权省域分配方案。研究结果表明:(1)我国各区域减排潜力各不相同,东部地区减排潜力较大,西部地区减排潜力组内差距较大,且低减排潜力组有50%集中在西部地区,中部地区整体减排潜力不足,东北地区集中于中、低减排潜力组;(2)改进的ZSG-DEA模型计算出减排系数更加合理,缩减了减排压力差距,能通过缩小省(区、市)之间的不公平程度来降低政策实施难度;(3)综合减排潜力和减排系数两个方面发现,仍有部分省(区、市)如河南等处于低潜力高减排的状态,面临凭借自身条件难以有效降碳的困境,也有部分地区在碳减排方面“仍有余力”。基于上述结论,本文提出以下建议:各区域应发挥自身优势助力碳减排,在安排省(区、市)碳排放额度时要注重不同省(区、市)的减排潜力,同时加强减排责任意识,推动区域之间的合作。

A FLEXIBLE OBJECTIVE-CONSTRAINT APPROACH AND A NEW ALGORITHM FOR CONSTRUCTING THE PARETO FRONT OF MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS

In this article, a novel scalarization technique, called the improved objective-constraint approach, is introduced to find efficient solutions of a given multiobjective programming problem. The presented scalarized problem extends the objective-constraint problem. It is demonstrated that how adding variables to the scalarized problem, can lead to find conditions for (weakly, properly) Pareto optimal solutions. Applying the obtained necessary and sufficient conditions, two algorithms for generating the Pareto front approximation of bi-objective and three-objective programming problems are designed. These algorithms are easy to implement and can achieve an even approximation of (weakly, properly) Pareto optimal solutions. These algorithms can be generalized for optimization problems with more than three criterion functions, too. The effectiveness and capability of the algorithms are demonstrated in test problems.

Analytical modeling of piezoelectric meta-beams with unidirectional circuit for broadband vibration attenuation

Broadband vibration attenuation is a challenging task in engineering since it is difficult to achieve low-frequency and broadband vibration control simultaneously.To solve this problem,this paper designs a piezoelectric meta-beam with unidirectional electric circuits,exhibiting promising broadband attenuation capabilities.An analytical model in a closed form for achieving the solution of unidirectional vibration transmission of the designed meta-beam is developed based on the state-space transfer function method.The method can analyze the forward and backward vibration transmission of the piezoelectric meta-beam in a unified manner,providing reliable dynamics solutions of the beam.The analytical results indicate that the meta-beam effectively reduces the unidirectional vibration across a broad low-frequency range,which is also verified by the solutions obtained from finite element analyses.The designed meta-beam and the proposed analytical method facilitate a comprehensive investigation into the distinctive unidirectional transmission behavior and superb broadband vibration attenuation performance.

The comparison of the densitometric stability between E⁺and Insight intra oral films, which were processed by Champion and Teifsaz solutions

Background and objective: Proper patient treatment planning depends on correct diagnosis of its disease which could be achieved by taking high quality radiographs. Densitometric stability and film processing have important effect on the radiographs quality. The aim of the present study was to compare the densitometric stability of intra oral E+ and Insight film, which were processed by Champion and Teifsaz solutions. Materials and methods: A lab trial study was conducted. Radiographic images were taken of 56 E and Insight through lead step-wedge. Films were processed by new and in aging Champion and Teifsaz solutions every four days. After 56 days, the radiographic density of each film was calculated by Photoshop software. The contrast of each image was calculated by distracting maximum and minimum density. The resultant data were coded in SPSS software and analyzed by two-way variance analysis. Results: There is significant difference between the mean of density of processed films with the two different chemicals (Champion & Teifsaz) (P-value + and Insight films (P- value = 0.717). Conclusion: Densitometric stability of new Insight film is as the same as currently used E+ film and is better preserved with Champion chemicals than Teifsaz solutions.

金盏花苷E通过自噬途径下调GPX4和SLC7A11抑制肝癌细胞的增殖和迁移

目的探讨金盏花苷E抑制肝癌细胞增殖和迁移的分子机制。方法金盏花苷E处理肝癌细胞,CCK-8检测细胞活力;Western blotting检测GPX4、SLC7A11、LC3、P62的表达以及Akt/mTOR的磷酸化。自噬抑制剂LY294002和激活剂Rapamycin与金盏花苷E联合处理肝癌细胞,EdU和Transwell实验分别检测肝癌细胞的增殖和迁移能力。TCGA数据库分析GPX4和SLC7A11在肝癌及正常肝组织中的表达水平,以及与肝癌患者存活之间的关系。Western blotting和qPCR分别检测GPX4和SLC7A11在肝癌细胞和正常肝细胞中的表达水平。结果金盏花苷E能够显著抑制肝癌细胞的存活(P<0.05);GPX4和SLC7A11在肝癌组织和肝癌细胞中均显著高表达;GPX4和SLC7A11的表达与肝癌患者存活呈显著负相关(P<0.001);金盏花苷E显著抑制GPX4和SLC7A11蛋白的表达,激活Akt-mTOR通路,增强LC3Ⅱ的表达(P<0.01);自噬激活剂Rapamycin显著增强金盏花苷E对GPX4和SLC7A11的抑制作用,而自噬抑制剂LY294002则明显逆转了金盏花苷E对GPX4和SLC7A11的抑制作用(P<0.05);抑制自噬途径能够逆转金盏花苷E对肝癌细胞增殖和迁移的抑制作用,增强自噬途径则发生相反的变化(P<0.01)。结论金盏花苷E经自噬途径下调GPX4和SLC7A11抑制肝癌细胞的增殖和迁移。

基于E类功率放大器的四线圈中距离无线输电系统的优化设计

E类功率放大器由于具有拓扑简单、适用频率高、电能转换效率高等优点,是高频MHz级无线输电系统的理想电源。研究分析了四线圈无线输电系统的传输特性,提出传输效率的优化设计方法。同时,考虑到E类功率放大器的工作状态,提出通过激励线圈与发射线圈的距离调节,实现输入电阻的完美匹配,搭建了采用2.81 MHz的E类功率放大器的四线圈中距离无线输电系统。当传输距离为传输线圈边长的3.6倍时,系统电源端到负载端的整体电能传输效率为8.5%。

SLCO1B1和ApoE基因多态性与冠心病关系的研究

目的探讨溶质载体有机阴离子转运蛋白家族1B1(SLCO1B1)和载脂蛋白E(ApoE)基因多态性与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)的关系。方法选取2020年1月至2022年6月于甘肃省武威肿瘤医院心血管内科收治的80例冠心病患者作为观察组,同一时间选取本院体检的80例健康者作为对照组,抽取外周血检测SLCO1B1和ApoE基因多态性,全自动生化分析仪检测血脂指标,Logistic分析冠心病的危险因素。结果对照组与观察组SLCO1B1基因型15/15、1a/15、1a/1a、1a/1b、1a/5、1b/15及1b/1b、等位基因15、1a、1b及5比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组ApoE等位基因ε2及ε3的占比显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组患者SLCO1B1基因在1b/15型上总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及载脂蛋白B(ApoB)水平升高,1a/15型TG水平升高,1a/1b型上高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)及载脂蛋白A1(ApoA1)降低,1b/1b型上TG升高,HDL-C及ApoA1降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,观察组ApoE基因在E2/E3型HDL-C降低,E3/E3型TG升高,HDL-C及ApoA1水平降低,E3/E4型HDL-C及ApoA1水平降低(P<0.05)。以冠心病为因变量,以上述结果中P<0.05的因素(高血压、糖尿病、TG、LDL-C、ApoA1、ApoB、ε3及ε4)作为自变量,运用Logistic回归分析结果发现,高血压、糖尿病、TG、LDL-C、ApoA1、ApoB及ApoE基因ε4型是诱发冠心病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论SLCO1B1和ApoE基因多态性与血脂水平异常相关,ApoE基因ε4型可提高冠心病的发生。