姜黄素调控Yes相关蛋白1对子宫内膜癌Warburg效应及生物学行为的影响

目的:观察姜黄素调控Yes相关蛋白1 (YAP1)对子宫内膜癌糖酵解Warburg效应及生物学行为的影响。方法:将HEC-1B细胞分为对照组、NC-YAP1组、si-YAP1组及低、中、高剂量组。对照组不做任何处理,NC-YAP1组转染NC-YAP1质粒,si-YAP1组转染si-YAP1质粒,低、中、高剂量组细胞分别用20、40、80μmol/L的姜黄素处理。试剂盒检测各组细胞葡萄糖消耗量及乳酸含量;CCK-8法检测各组细胞增殖能力;流式细胞术检测各组细胞周期与凋亡;划痕法检测各组细胞迁移能力;Transwell法检测各组细胞侵袭能力。蛋白质印迹(Western blot)法检测YAP1、乳酸脱氢酶-A (LDH-A)、己糖激酶2 (HK2)、丙酮酸激酶2 (PKM2)蛋白表达。结果:与对照组比较,NC-YAP1组YAP1蛋白相对表达水平、乳酸含量及葡萄糖消耗量、LDH-A、HK2、PKM2蛋白水平、细胞增殖抑制率、G0/G1期比例及S期比例、细胞凋亡率、划痕愈合率、细胞侵袭抑制率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),si-YAP1组及低、中、高剂量组YAP1蛋白相对表达水平、葡萄糖消耗量及乳酸含量、LDH-A、HK2、PKM2蛋白水平、S期比例、划痕愈合率均降低(P<0.05),细胞增殖抑制率、G0/G1期比例、细胞凋亡率、细胞侵袭抑制率均升高(P<0.05)。与NC-YAP1组比较,siYAP1组及低、中、高剂量组细胞YAP1蛋白相对表达水平、葡萄糖消耗量及乳酸含量、LDH-A、HK2、PKM2蛋白水平、S期比例、划痕愈合率均降低(P<0.05),细胞增殖抑制率、G0/G1期比例、细胞凋亡率细胞侵袭抑制率均升高(P<0.05),且低、中、高剂量组上述指标均呈剂量依赖性(P<0.05)。与si-YAP1组比较,低、中剂量组细胞中YAP1蛋白相对表达水平均增加(P<0.05),而高剂量组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低剂量组葡萄糖消耗量及乳酸分泌量、LDH-A、HK2、PKM2蛋白水平、S期比例、划痕愈合率均增加(P<0.05),细胞增殖抑制率、G0/G1期比例、细胞凋亡率、细胞侵袭抑制率均降低(P<0.05),高剂量组葡萄糖消耗量及乳酸分泌量、LDH-A、HK2、PKM2蛋白水平、S期比例、划痕愈合率均降低(P<0.05),细胞增殖抑制率、G0/G1期比例、细胞凋亡率、细胞侵袭抑制率增加(P<0.05),而中剂量组乳酸含量及葡萄糖消耗量、LDH-A、HK2、PKM2蛋白水平、细胞增殖抑制率、G0/G1期比例及S期比例、细胞凋亡率、划痕愈合率、细胞侵袭抑制率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:姜黄素可能通过抑制YAP1表达抑制子宫内膜癌细胞的Warburg效应、增殖、迁移及侵袭等恶性行为。

Yes相关蛋白(YAP)通过激活PI3K/AKT通路促进皮肤鳞状细胞癌细胞侵袭和迁移

目的探讨Yes相关蛋白(YAP)在皮肤鳞状细胞癌(cSCC)中表达及与cSCC侵袭和迁移中的作用。方法通过免疫组织化学染色法检测cSCC、鲍温病(BD)、癌旁正常皮肤组织中YAP的表达水平,并分析与临床病理参数之间的关系;利用慢病毒转染构建YAP基因敲低的A431稳定细胞株,利用四甲基罗丹明标记的鬼笔环肽检测A431细胞微丝分布和数量,Transwell TM实验检测细胞侵袭能力,划痕实验检测A431细胞的迁移能力;免疫荧光细胞化学染色法观察敲低YAP后上皮间质转化(EMT)相关标志物上皮钙黏素(E-cadherin)、锌指转录因子Snail的表达;Western blot法检测E-cadherin、Snail、β-catenin、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(AKT)、磷酸化的蛋白激酶B(p-AKT)、核糖体蛋白S6(S6)、磷酸化S6(p-S6)、4E结合蛋白1(4EBP1)、磷酸化的4EBP1(p-4EBP1)的表达。结果YAP在cSCC和BD中表达显著高于癌旁正常皮肤组织;cSCC中YAP高表达与肿瘤大小、分化程度、侵袭程度密切相关,与患者的性别、年龄、发病部位、形态类型、是否神经脉管侵犯不相关;敲低A431细胞中YAP后,肿瘤细胞的侵袭、迁移能力降低,细胞微丝变细、伪足变少;E-cadherin表达增加,Snail和β-catenin蛋白表达降低,p-AKT、p-S6及p-4EBP1蛋白表达降低。结论YAP在cSCC中高表达,YAP激活PI3K/AKT信号通路促进cSCC的侵袭、迁移及EMT过程。

外周血Yes相关蛋白与缺血性卒中预后影响因素及卒中后炎性反应指标的相关性分析

目的探究急性缺血性脑卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)患者外周血Yes相关蛋白(yes-associated protein,YAP)水平与卒中预后影响因素及卒中后炎症指标的相关性。方法纳入2018年11月至2019年5月首都医科大学宣武医院收治的AIS患者,检测患者接受治疗前血浆中YAP和炎性指标的表达水平,收集患者临床资料和3个月预后数据。根据患者3个月改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin Scale,mRS)评分将患者分为预后良好组(mRS≤2,n=92)和预后不良组(mRS>2,n=67),采用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选出与卒中预后相关的独立影响因素,并进一步使用Spearman相关性分析和偏相关分析探究YAP与卒中预后影响因素及卒中后炎症指标之间的关系。结果与转归良好组相比,转归不良组的白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)显著增高,淋巴细胞计数显著降低(P<0.05)。Logistic回归结果表明较高的年龄(OR=1.04,P=0.013)、糖尿病(OR=3.87,P=0.004)、较高的入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分(OR=1.36,P<0.001)是预后的危险因素。相关性分析显示血浆YAP水平与淋巴细胞计数(r=0.22,P=0.006)、白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-1β(r=0.418,P<0.001)、IL-2(r=0.310,P<0.001)、IL-5(r=0.417,P<0.001)和IL-10(r=0.189,P=0.017)呈正相关关系,而与中性粒细胞计数(r=-0.17,P=0.027)、NLR(r=-0.24,P=0.002)、IL-2R(r=-0.259,P<0.001)、IL-16(r=-0.334,P<0.001)和肝细胞生长因子(hepatocyte growth factor,HGF)(r=-0.317,P<0.001)呈负相关。偏相关分析显示,YAP蛋白水平与IL-2、IL-16、HGF之间的相关性不受其他变量的影响(P<0.05)。结论血浆YAP水平与多种炎性指标存在显著相关关系,提示YAP可能参与了卒中后炎性反应的调控。

咪达唑仑调节河马/Yes相关蛋白信号通路缓解心肌缺血再灌注损伤

目的探讨咪达唑仑(MDZ)通过调节河马(Hippo)/Yes相关蛋白(YAP)信号通路对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤(MIRI)的影响。方法48只大鼠按随机数字表法分为4组,其中3组用结扎左冠状动脉前降支的方法构建MIRI大鼠模型,并随机分别给予生理盐水(10 mL/kg)、MDZ(0.1 mg/kg)、盐酸法舒地尔(10 mg/kg),为MIRI组、MDZ组、盐酸法舒地尔组,另外1组手术不结扎给予生理盐水(10 mL/kg)为sham组,每组12只。酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平;氯化三苯基四氮唑、苏木精伊红、末端尿苷核苷酸末端标记染色检查心肌梗死面积、心肌组织病理变化及心肌细胞凋亡情况;qPCR检测结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、富含半胱氨酸蛋白61(CYR61)mRNA的表达;免疫印迹法检测切割型半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶1(cleaved Caspase-1)及磷酸化(p)-大肿瘤抑制激酶1(LATS1)/LATS1、p-YAP/YAP、p-哺乳动物不育系20样激酶1(MST1)/MST1的表达。结果与sham组比较,MIRI组CK-MB、cTnI、LDH、MDA、TNF-α、IL-1β、心肌梗死面积、心肌细胞凋亡率、cleaved Caspase-1、p-LATS1/LATS1、p-YAP/YAP均升高,CTGF、CYR61 mRNA表达、p-MST1/MST1、SOD水平降低(P<0.05);与MIRI组比较,MDZ组、盐酸法舒地尔组CK-MB、cTnI、LDH、MDA、TNF-α、IL-1β、心肌梗死面积、心肌细胞凋亡率、cleaved Caspase-1、p-LATS1/LATS1、p-YAP/YAP均降低,CTGF、CYR61 mRNA表达、p-MST1/MST1、SOD水平升高(P<0.05)。结论MDZ可能通过激活Hippo/YAP信号通路,抑制氧化应激与炎症反应,降低心肌细胞凋亡,改善MIRI大鼠的心肌损伤。

Efficacy of fexuprazan compared with rebamipide in Korean patients with gastritis:A matching-adjusted indirect comparison

BACKGROUND Gastritis is one of the most frequently diagnosed diseases requiring medical treatment in South Korea.Fexuprazan,a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker,has been approved for treating gastritis and erosive esophagitis.Meanwhile,rebamipide is the most commonly used mucoprotective agent for acute and chronic gastritis in real-world settings in South Korea.However,there have been no studies comparing the efficacy of these two drugs yet.AIM To compare the efficacy of fexuprazan with that of rebamipide for acute and chronic gastritis.METHODS This was a matching-adjusted indirect comparison.Individual patient data from a phase III study of fexuprazan(10 mg BID)were compared with cumulative data from two matching studies of rebamipide(100 mg TID).Erosion improvement and healing rates were compared between two weeks of fexurapan,two weeks of rebamipide,and four weeks of rebamipide.The two main outcome variables were presented as percentages,and the risk differences(RD)and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were calculated for the relative treatment effects.RESULTS In the primary analysis,the erosion improvement and healing rates after a twoweek treatment with fexuprazan were 64.5%and 53.2%,respectively,while a twoweek treatment with rebamipide resulted in erosion improvement and healing rates of 43.6%(RD:21.0%;95%CI:9.6-32.3;P<0.01)and 35.6%(RD:17.6%;95%CI:6.1-29.2;P=0.003),respectively.In the additional analysis,the erosion improvement and healing rates for the two-week fexuprazan treatment(64.2%and 51.2%,respectively)were similar to those obtained during a four-week treatment with rebamipide(60.6%;RD:3.6%;95%CI:-9.8,17.0;P=0.600 and 53.5%;RD:-2.3%;95%CI:-16.1,11.5;P=0.744,respectively).CONCLUSION The two-week fexuprazan treatment was superior to the two-week rebamipide treatment and similar to the fourweek rebamipide treatment for patients with gastritis.

Multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol of size relation based on two-dimensional Bell states

Currently,all quantum private comparison protocols based on two-dimensional quantum states can only compare equality,via using high-dimensional quantum states that it is possible to compare the size relation in existing work.In addition,it is difficult to manipulate high-dimensional quantum states under the existing conditions of quantum information processing,leading to low practicality and engineering feasibility of protocols for comparing size relation.Considering this situation,we propose an innovative protocol.The proposed protocol can make size comparison by exploiting more manageable two-dimensional Bell states,which significantly enhances its feasibility with current quantum technologies.Simultaneously,the proposed protocol enables multiple participants to compare their privacies with the semi-quantum model.The communication process of the protocol is simulated on the IBM Quantum Experience platform to verify its effectiveness.Security analysis shows that the proposed protocol can withstand common attacks while preserving the privacies of all participants.Thus,the devised protocol may provide an important reference for implementation of quantum private size comparison protocols.

那可丁对肺癌细胞血管生成、Yes相关蛋白及敏感性的作用机制

目的探讨那可丁对肺癌细胞血管生成、Yes相关蛋白(YAP)及敏感性的作用机制。方法A549按照1.5×106/ml接种于96孔板中,分为肺癌组(无干预的A549细胞)、低浓度那可丁组(A549细胞与20μmol/L的那可丁共培养)、中浓度那可丁组(A549细胞与40μmol/L的那可丁共培养)、高浓度那可丁组(A549细胞与80μmol/L的那可丁共培养),顺铂(DDP)组(A549细胞与20μmg/L的DDP共培养),采用Transwell法检测各组A549细胞侵袭数目;划痕实验检测划痕愈合率;观察各组A549细胞体外管腔形成数目;CCK-8检测DDP+那可丁对A549细胞抑制率;免疫印迹分别检测各组A549细胞碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)2、血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-9、YAP及磷酸化(p)-YAP。结果与肺癌组相比,不同浓度的那可丁组及DDP组的侵袭数目、划痕愈合率及管腔形成数目均显著降低(P<0.05),低、中及高浓度的那可丁组相互比较存在显著差异(P<0.05),高浓度那可丁组与DDP组相比无统计学意义(P>0.05);DDP组及DDP+那可丁组在DDP浓度为0 mg/L时无统计学意义(P>0.05),在DDP浓度为2.5、5.0、10.0、20.0、40.0、80.0 mg/L时DDP+那可丁组的肺癌A549细胞抑制率均显著高于DDP组(P<0.05);与肺癌组相比,不同浓度的那可丁组及DDP组bFGF2、VEGF、MMP-9、YAP及p-YAP均显著降低,低、中及高浓度的那可丁组相互比较存在差异(P<0.05),高浓度那可丁组与DDP组相比无意义(P>0.05)。结论不同浓度的那可丁均可发挥抗肺癌侵袭、转移及血管管腔形成作用,高浓度效果最佳,研究机制可能与抑制YAP表达而降低bFGF2、VEGF、MMP-9水平相关。

抑制Yes相关蛋白通过抑制上皮间质转化减轻CCl_(4)诱导的小鼠肝纤维化

目的探索Yes相关蛋白(YAP)可否通过调控上皮间质转化影响肝纤维化的发生发展。方法将8周龄C57BL/6小鼠18只随机分为对照组、肝纤维化模型组和YAP抑制剂维替泊芬干预组,6只/组。肝纤维化模型采用四氯化碳(CCl_(4))溶液腹腔注射8周造模;维替泊芬干预组在CCl_(4)基础上第7~9周采用维替泊芬腹腔注射干预。HE染色、Masson染色、肝脏生化学检测观察小鼠肝脏纤维化程度;转录组、蛋白组学测序及联合生信分析探明肝纤维化过程中上皮间质转化通路是否受YAP调控;免疫组化染色和Western blotting检测YAP及上皮间质转化关键基因E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Twist等表达变化。采集健康体检、慢性乙型肝炎、乙肝肝硬化患者血清各60例,酶联免疫吸附法检测其中YAP、N-cadherin、Vimentin、Twist血清表达水平。C57BL/6小鼠24只随机分为对照组、肝纤维化模型组、Twist抑制剂干预组和Twist抑制剂与YAP激动剂共同干预组,6只/组。HE染色、Masson染色、网状纤维染色观察小鼠肝脏纤维化程度,Western blotting检测各组α-SMA、YAP和Twist表达变化。结果小鼠肝组织病理学结果提示肝纤维化小鼠与对照组相比肝小叶结构破坏、假小叶形成,维替泊芬干预组纤维间隔变性,部分小叶结构恢复。随肝纤维化发生,血浆ALT、AST水平显著升高(P<0.01),维替泊芬干预组肝功能改善(P<0.01)。采用肝组织转录组、蛋白组测序及联合分析找到在肝纤维化形成和维替泊芬干预过程中同时在mRNA和蛋白水平差异表达的基因,发现了N-cadherin和Twist在3组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),并进行PPI分析显示YAP与E-cadherin、N-cadherin存在关联。免疫组化和Western blotting结果提示N-cadherin、Twist、Vimentin随肝纤维化形成升高,E-cadherin在肝纤维化组织中表达下降(P<0.01)。抑制YAP可下调肝组织N-cadherin、Twist蛋白表达(P<0.01)。慢性乙型肝炎患者血清YAP、N-cadherin、Vimentin和Twist水平均随肝炎及肝硬化发生升高,在APRI>0.5或FIB-4>1.45患者中显著升高(P<0.01)。血清YAP在健康对照、肝炎、肝硬化患者中平均水平分别为4.09、5.69和5.36 ng/mL(P<0.01),其与N-cadherin、Vimentin、Twist水平均呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.626、0.435、0.526。采用Harmine抑制小鼠肝组织Twist表达,并在Harmine基础上予以YAP激动剂XMU-MP-1干预,肝组织病理学结果提示抑制Twist使肝纤维化小鼠肝组织炎症及纤维化程度减轻,同时激活YAP表达可再次加重胶原纤维沉积。Western blotting检测结果提示Harmine下调肝纤维化小鼠肝组织中α-SMA、YAP及Twist蛋白表达,同时激活YAP使肝组织α-SMA和YAP表达升高(P=0.079,P<0.05)。结论上皮间质转化是肝纤维化发生的重要机制之一,抑制YAP可通过减少上皮间质转化发生减轻肝纤维化。

Yes相关蛋白在电离辐射后表皮干细胞分化中的作用

目的探讨Yes相关蛋白(YAP)在电离辐射(IR)后表皮干细胞(EPSC)分化中的作用。方法①利用打孔器建立小鼠背部皮肤损伤,随后分为IR组(给予^(60)Coγ射线局部照射),对照组(不照射);照射后0,1,3,6,9和12 d收集创面皮肤组织提取RNA和蛋白,Western印迹法检测创面愈合过程中YAP蛋白变化;实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测创面愈合过程中Yap及其下游靶基因结缔组织生长因子(Ctgf)和富含半胱氨酸蛋白61(Cyr61)的mRNA变化。②将EPSC给予60Coγ射线照射,细胞对照组不照射;4或8 Gy剂量照射后4,12,24和36 h收集细胞提取RNA,RT-qPCR检测YAP mRNA变化。4或8 Gy剂量照射36 h收集细胞提取蛋白,Western印迹法检测YAP蛋白水平;③短发夹RNA(shRNA)构建稳定的YAP基因敲低细胞,Western印迹法验证shYAP的敲低效率;RT-qPCR检测IR后YAP敲低对K1和K10 mRNA的影响。结果①与对照组相比,IR组小鼠在创面愈合过程中YAP蛋白水平显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01),Yap及其下游靶基因Ctgf和Cyr61的mRNA水平显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。②与细胞对照组相比,IR组细胞YAP mRNA和蛋白水平显著降低(P<0.01)。③在shYAP稳转细胞中,YAP蛋白水平显著降低(P<0.01);shYAP在IR后EPSC分化标志物K1和K10的mRNA水平明显降低(P<0.01)。结论YAP调控IR后创面愈合过程中EPSC的分化。

Accuracy comparison and improvement for state of health estimation of lithium-ion battery based on random partial recharges and feature engineering

State of health(SOH)estimation of e-mobilities operated in real and dynamic conditions is essential and challenging.Most of existing estimations are based on a fixed constant current charging and discharging aging profiles,which overlooked the fact that the charging and discharging profiles are random and not complete in real application.This work investigates the influence of feature engineering on the accuracy of different machine learning(ML)-based SOH estimations acting on different recharging sub-profiles where a realistic battery mission profile is considered.Fifteen features were extracted from the battery partial recharging profiles,considering different factors such as starting voltage values,charge amount,and charging sliding windows.Then,features were selected based on a feature selection pipeline consisting of filtering and supervised ML-based subset selection.Multiple linear regression(MLR),Gaussian process regression(GPR),and support vector regression(SVR)were applied to estimate SOH,and root mean square error(RMSE)was used to evaluate and compare the estimation performance.The results showed that the feature selection pipeline can improve SOH estimation accuracy by 55.05%,2.57%,and 2.82%for MLR,GPR and SVR respectively.It was demonstrated that the estimation based on partial charging profiles with lower starting voltage,large charge,and large sliding window size is more likely to achieve higher accuracy.This work hopes to give some insights into the supervised ML-based feature engineering acting on random partial recharges on SOH estimation performance and tries to fill the gap of effective SOH estimation between theoretical study and real dynamic application.

Efficacy comparison of multipoint and single point scanning panretinal laser photocoagulation in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy treatment

BACKGROUND Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)poses a significant challenge in diabetes management due to its microvascular changes in the retina.Laser photocoagulation,a conventional therapy,aims to mitigate the risk of progressing to proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of multi-spot vs single-spot scanning panretinal laser photocoagulation in NPDR patients.METHODS Forty-nine NPDR patients(86 eyes)treated between September 2020 and July 2022 were included.They were randomly allocated into single-spot(n=23,40 eyes)and multi-spot(n=26,46 eyes)groups.Treatment outcomes,including bestcorrected visual acuity(BCVA),central macular thickness(CMT),and mean threshold sensitivity,were assessed at predetermined intervals over 12 months.Adverse reactions were also recorded.RESULTS Energy levels did not significantly differ between groups(P>0.05),but the multi-spot group exhibited lower energy density(P<0.05).BCVA and CMT improvements were noted in the multi-spot group at one-month posttreatment(P<0.05).Adverse reaction incidence was similar between groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION While energy intensity and safety were comparable between modalities,multi-spot scanning demonstrated lower energy density and showed superior short-term improvements in BCVA and CMT for NPDR patients,with reduced laser-induced damage.

基于非靶向代谢组学技术探讨Yes相关蛋白1改善马兜铃酸I诱导小鼠肝损伤的机制

目的基于非靶向代谢组学技术探讨Yes相关蛋白1(YAP1)改善马兜铃酸I(Aristolochic acid I,AAI)诱导小鼠肝损伤的机制。方法随机选取8只3周龄雄性肝细胞特异性Yap1基因敲除(基因型为Yap1^(Flox/Flox),Albumin-Cre,简称Yap1^(LKO))小鼠作为Yap1^(LKO)+AAI组,8只Yap1Flox对照小鼠作为Yap1^(Flox)+AAI组。2组小鼠均按照2.5 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)剂量腹腔注射AAI,连续14 d。采用鼠尾PCR法鉴定基因型;微板法测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性;HE染色法观察肝脏组织病理变化;免疫组织化学法测定肝组织中YAP1蛋白表达情况。采用非靶向代谢组学方法分析肝脏组织差异代谢物,利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱联用技术分析样品,通过主成分分析(PCA)、偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)和正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(OPLS-DA)筛选差异代谢物,利用HMDB数据库、METLIN数据库对代谢物进行鉴定,通过KEGG数据库对差异代谢物进行通路富集分析。结果(1)AAI诱导14 d,Yap1^(LKO)小鼠的体质量增长低于Yap1^(Flox)小鼠,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在第14天,与Yap1^(Flox)+AAI组比较,Yap1^(LKO)+AAI组小鼠血清中的ALT、AST酶活性明显升高(P<0.05),肝脏组织病理损伤明显加重。Yap1^(Flox)小鼠肝脏有YAP1蛋白阳性表达,而Yap1^(LKO)小鼠无YAP1蛋白阳性表达。(2)通过代谢组学分析共筛选出139种显著变化(VIP>1且P<0.05)的差异代谢物,与Yap1^(LKO)+AAI组小鼠相比,Yap1Flox+AAI组小鼠的62种肝脏代谢物上调,包括胆碱、牛磺酸、亚牛磺酸、α-亚麻酸、桐油酸、鹅去氧胆酸等;77种代谢物下调,包括甘油磷酸胆碱、L-磷脂酰胆碱、L-谷氨酰胺、L-丝氨酸、L-谷胱甘肽、5-甲硫腺、苯丙氨酸、6-磷酸葡萄糖、乳酸、尿酸苷等。KEGG富集通路主要有胆碱代谢、甘油磷脂代谢、胰岛素抵抗、谷胱甘肽代谢等。结论肝细胞特异性Yap1基因敲除加重了AAI诱导的小鼠肝脏损伤,YAP1通过上调胆碱、牛磺酸等不饱和脂肪酸,参与调控胆碱代谢、甘油磷脂代谢等,从而改善AAI诱导的小鼠肝损伤。

Global Research Progress on Municipal Waste and Future Prospect Based on the Cross-national Comparisons

Due to the acceleration of urbanization,the municipal waste(MW)problem has transformed into a global challenge for urb-an sustainability.To elucidate historical trends,current focal points,and future directions in MW research,we conducted a bibliometric analysis and employed knowledge graph visualization to scrutinize a total of 34212 articles,which were published between 1991 and 2021 in the Web of Science(WoS)core database.The results indicated that current major research themes encompass waste classifica-tion and recycling,waste management and public behavior,waste disposal methods and technologies,as well as environmental impact and evaluation.There has been a shift in the research focus from the environmental impacts of waste incineration to sustainable manage-ment related issues.A comparison of research from six typical countries revealed the differences in research priorities and techniques advantages.Scholars from the USA and Britain initiated MW research earlier than other countries and investigated management issues in depth,such as public behavior and willingness to pay.Meanwhile,Japanese,German,and Swedish scholars conducted extensive studies on advanced waste treatment technologies,such as disposal and recycling,risk assessment,and waste-to-energy techniques.Chinese scholars placed particular emphasis on end-of-pipe treatments and their associated environmental impacts.Hotspots and poten-tial future frontiers were identified by burst detection analysis.Keywords with high value of burst index(BI)worldwide are food waste and circular economy.Chinese scholars have put great efforts on waste environmental impact and its recycling technologies,while we’re expecting to further investigating vulnerable population.Furthermore,this study contributes to bridging the regional gap of scientific research among different countries and fostering international collaboration.

Yes关联蛋白1在食管鳞状细胞癌中的临床意义

目的探讨Yes关联蛋白1(Yes-associated protein 1,YAP1)在食管鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达情况及临床意义。方法采用免疫组化技术检测439例食管鳞状细胞癌患者癌组织中YAP1的表达,分析YAP1阳性组与阴性组患者的临床病理参数差异。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析YAP1对患者生存的影响。结果食管鳞状细胞癌中,YAP1的阳性率为30.52%(134/439)。YAP1阳性组患者肿瘤浸润更深(P<0.001)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析显示,在生存期长于30个月的患者中,YAP1阳性者无瘤生存期(disease-free survival,DFS)和总生存期(overall survival,OS)更长(P<0.05)。Cox多因素回归分析显示,浸润深度是影响患者DFS(HR=1.371,95%CI 0.993~1.894,P=0.035)和OS(HR=1.489,95%CI 1.066~2.080,P=0.020)的独立因素。结论YAP1在部分食管鳞状细胞癌中表达;对于生存期大于30个月的患者,YAP1表达阳性提示预后更好。

Comparison and Selection of Water Restoration Techniques for Artificial Landscape Lakes in Nantong City

As an important part of urban infrastructure,urban water system is of great and far-reaching significance for ensuring urban flood control and waterlogging safety,protecting ecological environment and building livable homes.Taking the urban water system of Nantong as an example,Nantong Water Resources Bureau issued R evision of Nantong Urban Water System Planning in 2017,and put forward the construction of the"two circles,eight lakes and nine veins"water system layout,giving new vitality to the urban water system.In view of problems existing in newly excavated artificial landscape lakes,such as fragile water ecosystem,strong eutrophication trend,poor environmental sensory effect and unsatisfactory water landscape effect,it is urgent to study the in-situ water ecological restoration technique of"algae-controlling zooplankton+submerged plant community"to build a"grass-type clear water"ecosystem for artificial landscape lakes,so as to improve the water sensory index and self-purification ability and finally realize the double improvement of"sensory effect and water quality"of artificial landscape lakes.

Direct Pointwise Comparison of FE Predictions to StereoDIC Measurements:Developments and Validation Using Double Edge-Notched Tensile Specimen

To compare finite element analysis(FEA)predictions and stereovision digital image correlation(StereoDIC)strain measurements at the same spatial positions throughout a region of interest,a field comparison procedure is developed.The procedure includes(a)conversion of the finite element data into a triangular mesh,(b)selection of a common coordinate system,(c)determination of the rigid body transformation to place both measurements and FEA data in the same system and(d)interpolation of the FEA nodal information to the same spatial locations as the StereoDIC measurements using barycentric coordinates.For an aluminum Al-6061 double edge notched tensile specimen,FEA results are obtained using both the von Mises isotropic yield criterion and Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,with the unknown Hill model parameters determined using full-field specimen strain measurements for the nominally plane stress specimen.Using Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,the point-by-point comparison of experimentally based full-field strains and stresses to finite element predictions are shown to be in excellent agreement,confirming the effectiveness of the field comparison process.

西格列汀调节Hippo/Yes相关蛋白信号通路对非小细胞肺癌A549/CDDP细胞增殖、迁移、凋亡与化疗敏感性的影响实验研究

目的:探究西格列汀(SIT)调节Hippo/Yes相关蛋白(YAP)信号通路对非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)A549/CDDP细胞增殖、迁移、凋亡和化疗敏感性的影响。方法:常规培养顺铂耐药的NSCLC细胞株A549/CDDP,随机分为对照(Control)组(常规培养)、CDDP组(给予10μmol/L CDDP)、SIT组(给予10μmol/L SIT)、CDDP+SIT组(给予10μmol/L CDDP+10μmol/L SIT)和CDDP+SIT+YAP激活剂Jasplakinolide(CDDP+SIT+JASP)组(给予10μmol/L CDDP+10μmol/L SIT+50 nmol/L JASP)。CCK-8法检测细胞增殖能力,划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力,Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭能力,流式细胞术检测各组细胞凋亡率,实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测细胞YAP mRNA表达水平,Western blot检测Hippo/YAP信号通路相关蛋白与B细胞淋巴瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)表达水平。结果:与Control组比较,CDDP组和SIT组OD_(450)值(48、72 h)、细胞侵袭数目、细胞迁移率、YAP mRNA水平及YAP、Bcl-2蛋白表达下降,细胞凋亡率、磷酸化YAP(p-YAP)和Bax蛋白表达及哺乳动物STE20样激酶1/2(MST1/2)、大肿瘤抑制激酶1/2(LATS1/2)的磷酸化水平增高(均P<0.05)。与CDDP组比较,CDDP+SIT组上述指标趋势增强(均P<0.05)。与CDDP+SIT组比较,CDDP+SIT+JASP组减弱了SIT对A549/CDDP细胞化疗敏感性的提高。结论:SIT能够促进A549/CDDP细胞凋亡,抑制细胞迁移、侵袭和增殖,提高A549/CDDP细胞化疗敏感性,其机制可能与激活Hippo/YAP信号通路有关。

情志应激激素受体调控Yes相关蛋白1影响乳腺癌细胞上皮间充质转化进程研究

目的:探究情志应激激素受体(GR)与Yes相关蛋白1(YAP1)对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞转移的调控机制,以期为乳腺癌的治疗提供新思路。方法:通过免疫组化实验分析乳腺癌组织和癌旁组织GR和YAP1的表达;将MCF-7细胞分为:si NC组、si GR组和si YAP1组,分别通过MTT实验、Transwell实验、细胞划痕实验和流式细胞术分析MCF-7细胞的增殖、侵袭、迁移能力及凋亡率,通过蛋白免疫印迹实验分析细胞GR和YAP1的表达水平。结果:与癌旁正常组织比较,乳腺癌组织YAP1与GR的表达水平升高。与si NC组比较,si GR组和si YAP1组的MCF-7细胞增殖能力、侵袭能力、迁移能力显著降低,凋亡率增加(P<0.05)。与si NC组比较,si GR组的MCF-7细胞的YAP1和GR表达水平降低(P<0.05),si YAP1组的MCF-7细胞的YAP1表达水平降低(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌患者的癌组织中YAP1与GR的表达水平升高。GR被激活后,通过调控细胞内的YAP1通路影响MCF-7细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力以及凋亡率,进而导致乳腺癌MCF-7细胞转移,靶向调节YAP1抑制乳腺癌上皮间充质转化(EMT)发生可为乳腺癌患者提供新的治疗策略。

Does US Dollar Supply Trigger House Price Fluctuations?An International Comparison

Cyclical fluctuations in asset prices are closely related to the overall stability of the macroeconomy and have thus become a significant topic in academic and professional exploration.Among these fluctuations,changes in the supply of the U.S.dollar,the global reserve,and primary settlement currency have a broad and far-reaching impact on international financial markets.Since COVID-19,asset prices across various countries have shown differing trends due to fluctuations in the U.S.dollar supply.Housing prices,a key focus in asset pricing research,have been affected to varying degrees.This thesis utilizes seven house price indices from representative cities worldwide from 2020 to 2023 to compare the differential impacts across various countries using an empirical approach.The results indicate that the impact of the U.S.dollar money supply(M2)diminishes in a gradient from the U.S.to East Asia,and then to Europe.

Comparison of the Development of CDMO at Home and Abroad and Its Enlightment to China

Objective To analyze the development status of contract development manufacturing organization(CDMO)at home and abroad,and to make some suggestions for the development of CDMO in China.Methods The relevant literature was searched and reviewed,and the development status of CDMOs in the United States,France,Japan and China was compared from the aspects of market scale,development process,development focus,advantages and disadvantages,and policy support.Then,some suggestions for the development of CDMO enterprises in China were summarized.Results and Conclusion Through the comparison of CDMO development at home and abroad,it can be seen that China started CDMO late,there were many technical barriers and its globalization layout were not sufficient.However,the development trend was good and it focused on the field of chemical drugs and biological drugs to constantly develop innovative drugs.China needs to continuously improve its own technical capabilities to carry out innovative research.Therefore,cost reduction and efficiency increase will be the key elements for the development of CDMOs,and they are expected to have a rapid and comprehensive development in the future.