The combined effects of straw incorporation(SI)and polymer-coated urea(PCU)application on soil ammonia(NH_(3))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions from agricultural fields have not been comprehensively evaluated in Nort...The combined effects of straw incorporation(SI)and polymer-coated urea(PCU)application on soil ammonia(NH_(3))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions from agricultural fields have not been comprehensively evaluated in Northwest China.We conducted a two-year field experiment to assess the effects of combining SI with either uncoated urea(U)or PCU on soil NH_(3)emissions,N_(2)O emissions,winter wheat yields,yield-scaled NH_(3)(/NH_(3)),and yield-scaled N_(2)O(/N_(2)O).Five treatments were investigated,no nitrogen(N)fertilizer(N_(0)),U application at 150 kg N ha-1 with and without SI(SI+U and S_(0)+U),and PCU application at 150 kg N ha^(-1) with and without SI(SI+PCU and S_(0)+PCU).The results showed that the NH_(3);emissions increased by 20.98-34.35%following Sl compared to straw removal,mainly due to increases in soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)-N)content and water-flled pore space(WFPS).SI resulted in higher N_(2)O emissions than under the So scenario by 13.31-49.23%due to increases in soil inorganic N(SIN)contents,WFPS,and soil microbial biomass.In contrast,the PCU application reduced the SIN contents compared to the U application,reducing the NH_(3)and N_(2)O emissions by 45.99-58.07 and 18.08-53.04%,respectively.Moreover,no significant positive effects of the SI or PCU applications on the winter wheat yield were observed.The lowest /NH_(3) and /N_(2)O values were observed under the S_(0)+PCU and SI+PCU treatments.Our results suggest that single PCU applications and their combination with straw are the optimal agricultural strategies for mitigating gaseous N emissions and maintaining optimal winter wheat yields in Northwest China.展开更多
We observe the influence of AI occupancies in Li sites on the formation process of the garnet solid elec- trolyte of Li_7La_3Zr_2O_12 （LLZO）. A direct incorporation of AI is first promoted in a Li-insufficient garne...We observe the influence of AI occupancies in Li sites on the formation process of the garnet solid elec- trolyte of Li_7La_3Zr_2O_12 （LLZO）. A direct incorporation of AI is first promoted in a Li-insufficient garnet solid electrolyte during the calcination process of 850 ℃ and then the cubic phase of LLZO is obtained after successive annealing step of 1000 ℃. Comparing to pristine LLZO, AI incorporated LLZO shows less formation of Li_2CO_3, keeping crystallographic and physicochemical properties. This AI incorporation im- proves both the ionic conductivity and interfacial resistance to poisoning procedure.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1900700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52179046).
文摘The combined effects of straw incorporation(SI)and polymer-coated urea(PCU)application on soil ammonia(NH_(3))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions from agricultural fields have not been comprehensively evaluated in Northwest China.We conducted a two-year field experiment to assess the effects of combining SI with either uncoated urea(U)or PCU on soil NH_(3)emissions,N_(2)O emissions,winter wheat yields,yield-scaled NH_(3)(/NH_(3)),and yield-scaled N_(2)O(/N_(2)O).Five treatments were investigated,no nitrogen(N)fertilizer(N_(0)),U application at 150 kg N ha-1 with and without SI(SI+U and S_(0)+U),and PCU application at 150 kg N ha^(-1) with and without SI(SI+PCU and S_(0)+PCU).The results showed that the NH_(3);emissions increased by 20.98-34.35%following Sl compared to straw removal,mainly due to increases in soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)-N)content and water-flled pore space(WFPS).SI resulted in higher N_(2)O emissions than under the So scenario by 13.31-49.23%due to increases in soil inorganic N(SIN)contents,WFPS,and soil microbial biomass.In contrast,the PCU application reduced the SIN contents compared to the U application,reducing the NH_(3)and N_(2)O emissions by 45.99-58.07 and 18.08-53.04%,respectively.Moreover,no significant positive effects of the SI or PCU applications on the winter wheat yield were observed.The lowest /NH_(3) and /N_(2)O values were observed under the S_(0)+PCU and SI+PCU treatments.Our results suggest that single PCU applications and their combination with straw are the optimal agricultural strategies for mitigating gaseous N emissions and maintaining optimal winter wheat yields in Northwest China.
基金financial support from the R&D Convergence Program (CAP-14-02-KITECH)the National Research Council of Science & Technology of the Republic of Korea
文摘We observe the influence of AI occupancies in Li sites on the formation process of the garnet solid elec- trolyte of Li_7La_3Zr_2O_12 （LLZO）. A direct incorporation of AI is first promoted in a Li-insufficient garnet solid electrolyte during the calcination process of 850 ℃ and then the cubic phase of LLZO is obtained after successive annealing step of 1000 ℃. Comparing to pristine LLZO, AI incorporated LLZO shows less formation of Li_2CO_3, keeping crystallographic and physicochemical properties. This AI incorporation im- proves both the ionic conductivity and interfacial resistance to poisoning procedure.
