Nasal airflow of patient with septal deviation and allergy rhinitis

A numerical simulation of a patient’s nasal airflow was developed via computational fluid dynamics.Accordingly,computerized tomography scans of a patient with septal deviation and allergic rhinitis were obtained.The three-dimensional(3D)nasal model was designed using InVesalius 3.0,which was then imported to(computer aided 3D interactive application)CATIA V5 for modification,and finally to analysis system(ANSYS)flow oriented logistics upgrade for enterprise networks(FLUENT)to obtain the numerical solution.The velocity contours of the cross-sectional area were analyzed on four main surfaces:the vestibule,nasal valve,middle turbinate,and nasopharynx.The pressure and velocity characteristics were assessed at both laminar and turbulent mass flow rates for both the standardized and the patient’s model nasal cavity.The developed model of the patient is approximately half the size of the standardized model;hence,its velocity was approximately two times more than that of the standardized model.

Study on the mechanism of Fuzi in the treatment of allergic rhinitis based on network pharmacology and experimental validation

Objective:To study the key target genes and signaling pathways in the treatment of Allergic Rhinitis(AR)with Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata(aka Fuzi).Methods:The TCMPS and PubChem databases were used to screen the active ingredients and target genes of Fuzi using oral bioavailability and drug similarity as screening conditions,and the GeneCards database was used to screen the target genes of AR.The online tool Venny2.1 was used to screen the target genes of Fuzi for the treatment of Allergic Rhinitis;the STRING database was used to obtain the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network of drug-disease targets,and the key target genes were identified by the MCC algorithm.The potential biological processes and signaling pathways were identified by GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis.Finally,animal experiments were conducted to demonstrate the therapeutic effect ofFuzi on Allergic Rhinitis.Results:The TCMSP,PubChem and GeneCards databases were used to screen the 21 active compound components of Fuzi and 68 potential therapeutic target genes of Fuzi for Allergic Rhinitis.PPI network analysis identified the top ten key target genes,namely:PTGS2,TNF,IL6,AKT1,ALB,STAT3,CCL2,CXCL8,VEGFA and JUN,GO functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the significantly enriched functions and pathways of Fuzi on Allergic Rhinitis were closely related to Allergic Rhinitis.Finally,animal experiments were conducted to verify that Fuzi is effective in the treatment of Allergic rhinitis.Conclusion:Increased expression of IL-6 and TNF-αin nasal mucosal tissues of patients with Allergic Rhinitis was positively correlated with indicators related to the disease activity of AllergicRhinitis.Fuzi ameliorated the inflammatory changes in mice with Allergic Rhinitis by inhibiting the activation of Toll-like signaling pathway in the nasal mucosa and decreasing the expression activity of IL-6 and TNF-α.