One thousand, five hundred and seventy six pregnant women were followed upprospectively from early pregnancy to investigate the relation or Anti-HBs and other 10 risk factors from pregnant women with the congenital ma...One thousand, five hundred and seventy six pregnant women were followed upprospectively from early pregnancy to investigate the relation or Anti-HBs and other 10 risk factors from pregnant women with the congenital malformation of newborn. The results confirmed the teratogenic effect of Anti-HBs. The monofactorial analysis showed that the newborn congenital malformationincidence in Anti-HBs positive mothers was higher than that in Anti-HBs negative mothers (x2=6. 0274,P = 0.0141). The multifactorial analysis by using unconditional Logistic Repression model confirmed that Anti-HBs had a teratogenic effect (OR=5. 30952, P=0. 000302). The possibleteratogenic mechanism of Anti-HBs is discussed. It is important to further study the teratogenic effect of Anti-HBs in eugenics. Anti-HBc may have prevention effect on congenital malformation development (OR= 0. 27110, P= 0. 004515). In addition, exposure to toxicants during pregnancy is one of the risk factors causing congenital malformation (OR= 8. 17080, P=0. 001780).展开更多
Background: According to WHO estimates, by 2022 over 296 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and over 820,000 have died from complications. In sub-Saharan African countries such a...Background: According to WHO estimates, by 2022 over 296 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and over 820,000 have died from complications. In sub-Saharan African countries such as Benin and Senegal, few research studies have addressed the issue of HBV immunization. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate immunization against the hepatitis B virus in populations residing in Cotonou and Dakar by titrating anti-HBs antibodies (Ab) and detecting total anti-HBc immunoglobulins (Ig). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive, analytical study of two West African populations recruited in Dakar at the Laboratory of Medical Biology (LBM) of the General Hospital Idrissa Pouye (HOGIP) and in Cotonou at the LBMs of the health centres of the Cotonou archdiocese. HBsAg-negative patients constituted our study population. The study took place in November-December 2019 for Dakar and February-March 2020 for Cotonou. Anti-HBs antibodies were tested and titrated. In the event of anti-HBs positivity, total anti-HBc was determined. A microparticle chemiluminescence immunoassay was used for marker determination. The detection threshold was 2.50 IU/L for anti-HBs. Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics software were used for data analysis. Subjects’ sociodemographic characteristics were collected using a questionnaire, as was knowledge of their vaccination status. The study was approved by the ethics committees in Benin and Senegal. Results: A total of 394 HBs antigen-negative participants were recruited: 205 in Cotonou and 189 in Dakar. The population was predominantly female, with 65.36% (N = 134) and 57.14% (N = 108) women in Cotonou and Dakar respectively. The median age of participants was 29 years in Cotonou, with extremes of 10 and 65 years, versus 39 years in Dakar, with extremes of 6 and 93 years. Some participants claimed to be unaware of their vaccination status: 33.17% in Cotonou and 56.61% in Dakar. The total prevalence of anti-HBs-positive subjects was 88.78% (N = 182) in Cotonou and 98.41% (N = 186) in Dakar. In Cotonou (N = 205), 35.61% (N = 73) of subjects had protective anti-HBs levels between 11.60 IU/L and 10,000 IU/L. In Dakar, 61.38% (N = 116) of subjects had protective HBV immunity, with anti-HBs titres ranging from 10.30 IU/L to 11357 IU/L. In Cotonou, 80.82% (N = 59) of immunized subjects (N = 73) had anti-HBC antibodies, compared with 84.48% (N = 98) of immunized individuals (N = 116) in the population recruited in Dakar, indicating immunization following HBV infection. Conclusion: Our study involved a predominantly female population, many of whom were unaware of their serological status. Vaccination policies and knowledge of the viral hepatitis B epidemic need to be strengthened.展开更多
AIM To assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) immunity among previously vaccinated pediatric liver transplant recipients and present a case report of de novo hepatitis B infection after liver transplantat...AIM To assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) immunity among previously vaccinated pediatric liver transplant recipients and present a case report of de novo hepatitis B infection after liver transplantation.METHODS This study focused on children with chronic liver diseases who received primary hepatitis B immunization and had a complete dataset of anti-HBs before and after liver transplantation between May 2001 and June 2017. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for potential factors relating to HBV immunity loss. RESULTS In total, 50 children were recruited. The mean time from liver transplantation to anti-HBs testing was 2.53 ± 2.11 years. The mean anti-HBs levels before and after liver transplantation were 584.41 ± 415.45 and 58.56 ± 6.40 IU/L, respectively. The rate of nonimmunity(anti-HBs < 10 IU/L) in the participants was 46%(n = 26) at one year, 57%(n = 7) at two years and 82%(n = 17) at > three years following liver transplantation. The potential factors relating to HBV immunity loss after liver transplantation were identified as anti-HBs(P = 0.002), serum albumin(P = 0.04), total bilirubin(P = 0.001) and direct bilirubin(P = 0.003) before liver transplantation. A five-year-old boy with biliary cirrhosis received 4 doses of HBV vaccine with an anti-HBs titer of > 1000 IU/L and underwent liver transplantation; his anti-HBc-negative father was the donor. After liver transplantation, the boy had stenosis of the hepatic artery up to the inferior vena cava anastomosis and underwent venoplasty three times. He also received subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin for 5 mo and 20 transfusions of blood components. Three years and ten months after the liver transplantation, transaminitis was detected with positive tests for HBs Ag, HBe Ag, and anti-HBc(2169.61, 1706 and 8.45, respectively; cutoff value: < 1.00) and an HBV viral load of 33212320 IU/mL.CONCLUSION The present study showed that loss of hepatitis B immunity after liver transplantation is unexpectedly common. In our case report, despite high levels of antiHBs prior to transplantation, infection occurred at a time when, unfortunately, the child had lost immunity to hepatitis B after liver transplantation.展开更多
OBJECTIVES: To construct a DNA vaccine capable of expressing the S gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV)and evaluate the expression of the recombinant S gene in vitro and in vivo.METHODS: A cloned S-X gene fragment was inse...OBJECTIVES: To construct a DNA vaccine capable of expressing the S gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV)and evaluate the expression of the recombinant S gene in vitro and in vivo.METHODS: A cloned S-X gene fragment was inserted into an eukaryote expression vector to construct arecombinant expressing plasmid pCMV-SX. The recombinant plasmid was transcribed in vitro with a T7promoter transcription system and transfected into a human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2. Theexpression of the S gene was detected by Northern blot hybridization, Western blot hybridization, andenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. BALB/c mice were inoculated with therecombinant plasmid, and the efficiency of DNA-based immunization in eliciting anti-HBs was evaluatedby ELISA.RESULTS: In vitro transcription of the subcloned HBV S gene was confirmed by Northern blothybridization. The results of Western blot hybridization and ELISA showed that the S gene was expressedexactly in HepG2. In immune experiment, 2 of 10 immunized mice were shown to induce antibody againstHBsAg.CONCLUSION: The recombination and expression of the S gene can be achieved successfully in vitro.And the recombinant plasmid is able to elicit humoral immune response in mice.展开更多
Background: The development of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been a major achievement in terms of prevention of HBV infection. To evaluate the immunological status against HBV of dental-profession stud...Background: The development of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been a major achievement in terms of prevention of HBV infection. To evaluate the immunological status against HBV of dental-profession students, we analysed the long-term immunogenicity and effectiveness of HBV vaccination in Italian dental students with different work seniorities, determining the influence of epidemiological variables on the immune response. Methods: This study, carried out from January 2014 to April 2016, involved 361 under- and post-graduate dental students attending the Second University of Naples. HBV serum markers were determined and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the level of long-term immunogenicity. Results: Of the 361 subjects evaluated, 15 (4.2%) declared no history of vaccination. All vaccinated subjects were HBsAg/anti-HBc negative, with 86 (24.9%) having an anti-HBs titre <10 IU/L. The latter were younger, more likely to be attending undergraduate dental school, and more likely to have been vaccinated in infancy. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that assessment of HBV serum markers in workers potentially exposed to hospital infections is useful to identify small numbers of unvaccinated subjects or vaccinated subjects with low antibody titre, all of whom should be referred for a booster series of vaccinations.展开更多
Background: Early promotion of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among health care workers is an important component of the HBV infection control. No available data assess immune response of HB vaccination among Egyptian m...Background: Early promotion of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among health care workers is an important component of the HBV infection control. No available data assess immune response of HB vaccination among Egyptian medical students. Objective: we conducted this study to evaluate the immune response among medical students after completion of their vaccination schedule. Methods: A total of 150 Egyptian medical students were included. Three doses of recombinant HB vaccine had been administered to all participating students at 0, 1 and 6 months. Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (Anti-HBs) titers, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and total antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were measured by enzyme immunoassay, 1 to 2 months after completion of vaccination course. Results: Among 150 students included, the mean age was 22.4 ± 1.7 years (range 18 - 28 years). Fifty nine (39.4%) were males and 91 (60.6%) were females. All students have anti-HBs levels more than 100 IU/L. The mean anti-HBs of included students was 8994.2 ± 6373.1 IU/L. There was no significant difference of anti-HBs levels regarding age, sex, residence or body mass index distribution. Conclusion: Early HB vaccination of health care workers is associated with good immune response and should be encouraged.展开更多
To study IgG subclasses for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen (anti-HBc) in different populations, a comparison was made between 104 chronic carriers (60 male and 44 female) and 434 recovered individuals ...To study IgG subclasses for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen (anti-HBc) in different populations, a comparison was made between 104 chronic carriers (60 male and 44 female) and 434 recovered individuals (247 male and 192 female). Biochemistry analyses of AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) were also performed. Among the 104 chronic carriers, 21 patients were found to be ALT and AST abnormal (〉 25 IU/ml). After comparing these ALT and AST abnormal patients with other ALT and AST normal chronic carriers, no statistical difference was observed in the OD values of the anti-HBe (p 〉 0.05). The ELISA results showed the anti-HBc IgG subclass pattern was IgG1 〉 IgG3 〉 IgG4 in chronic carriers and IgG3 〉 IgG1 〉 IgG4 in recovered individuals (p 〈 0.05). This result suggests the IgG1/IgG3 ratio may be related with HBV status. However, in spite of the different anti-HBc IgG1/IgG3 patterns demonstrated in different populations, both anti-HBc IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations were significantly higher in chronic carriers (p 〈 0.05). Therefore, both the anti-HBc IgG1/IgG3 ratio and their amounts differed. They may play a significant role in chronic carriers and recovered individuals. The anti-HBc IgG subclass profiles of chronic carriers were not changed regardless of liver inflammation, and were independent of sex and age.展开更多
Background and Aims:Natural vaginal delivery and breastfeeding favor the development of a strong immune system in infants,and the immune response of infants to vaccines is closely related to their immune system.This l...Background and Aims:Natural vaginal delivery and breastfeeding favor the development of a strong immune system in infants,and the immune response of infants to vaccines is closely related to their immune system.This large prospective cohort study aimed to explore the effects of delivery and feeding mode on infant’s immune response to hepatitis B vaccine(HepB).Methods:A total of 1,254 infants who completed the whole course of HepB immunization and whose parents were both HBsAg negative were enrolled from infants born in Jinchang City during 2018-2019 by cluster sampling method.Results:Twenty(1.59%)of the 1,254 infants were nonresponders to HepB.Among the other 1,234 infants,10.05%(124/1,234),81.69%(1,008/1,234)and 8.27%(102/1,234)of infants had low,medium,and high responses to HepB,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that cesarean section(OR:8.58,95%CI:3.11-23.65,p<0.001)and birth weight<3.18 kg(OR:5.58,95%CI:1.89-16.51,p=0.002)were independent risk factors for infant nonresponse to HepB,and cesarean section(OR:7.63,95%CI:4.64-12.56,p<0.001),formula feeding(OR:4.91,95%CI:1.47-16.45,p=0.001),maternal antiHBs negativity(OR:27.2,95%CI:10.67-69.35,p<0.001),paternal non-response history of HepB(OR:7.86,95%CI:2.22-27.82,p=0.014)and birth weight<3.22 kg(OR:4.00,95%CI:2.43-6.59,p<0.001)were independent risk factors for infant low response to HepB.In cases where birth weight and genetic factors are unmodifiable and maternal anti-HBs effects are controversial,it makes sense to enhance infant response by changing delivery and feeding patterns.Conclusions:Natural vaginal delivery and breastfeeding are beneficial to the infant’s immune response to HepB.展开更多
Little is known about the difference in durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by nucleoside analogs (NAs) or by interferon (IFN). A real-world, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were assigned into...Little is known about the difference in durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by nucleoside analogs (NAs) or by interferon (IFN). A real-world, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were assigned into two groups: NAs monotherapy-induced HBsAg seroclearance subjects and IFN monotherapy induced-HBsAg seroclearance subjects. A total of 198 subjects, comprised by 168 NAs monotherapy-induced and 30 IFN monotherapy-induced, who achieved HBsAg seroclearance were included in this study. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were significantly different in patients with NAs monotherapy and IFN monotherapy (0.960 (with 95% CI 0.922–0.999) vs. 0.691 (with 95% CI 0.523–0.913), log-rank-P = 4.04e-4). 73.3% (11 of 15) HBsAg recurrence occurred within one year after HBsAg seroclearance. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were higher in IFN monotherapy patients with anti-HBs than in IFN monotherapy patients without anti-HBs (0.839 (with 95% CI 0.657–1.000) vs. 0.489 (with 95% CI 0.251–0.953), log-rank test, P = 0.024). Our study thus provided novel insights into the durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by NAs or IFN monotherapy. In particular, the HBsAg seroreversion rate was relatively high in IFN monotherapy subjects. The presence of anti-HBs was significantly correlated with a longer durability of functional cure induced by IFN treatment. And one-year follow-up in HBsAg seroclearance achieved individuals is proper for averting HBsAg seroreversion and other liver disease.展开更多
文摘One thousand, five hundred and seventy six pregnant women were followed upprospectively from early pregnancy to investigate the relation or Anti-HBs and other 10 risk factors from pregnant women with the congenital malformation of newborn. The results confirmed the teratogenic effect of Anti-HBs. The monofactorial analysis showed that the newborn congenital malformationincidence in Anti-HBs positive mothers was higher than that in Anti-HBs negative mothers (x2=6. 0274,P = 0.0141). The multifactorial analysis by using unconditional Logistic Repression model confirmed that Anti-HBs had a teratogenic effect (OR=5. 30952, P=0. 000302). The possibleteratogenic mechanism of Anti-HBs is discussed. It is important to further study the teratogenic effect of Anti-HBs in eugenics. Anti-HBc may have prevention effect on congenital malformation development (OR= 0. 27110, P= 0. 004515). In addition, exposure to toxicants during pregnancy is one of the risk factors causing congenital malformation (OR= 8. 17080, P=0. 001780).
文摘Background: According to WHO estimates, by 2022 over 296 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and over 820,000 have died from complications. In sub-Saharan African countries such as Benin and Senegal, few research studies have addressed the issue of HBV immunization. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate immunization against the hepatitis B virus in populations residing in Cotonou and Dakar by titrating anti-HBs antibodies (Ab) and detecting total anti-HBc immunoglobulins (Ig). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive, analytical study of two West African populations recruited in Dakar at the Laboratory of Medical Biology (LBM) of the General Hospital Idrissa Pouye (HOGIP) and in Cotonou at the LBMs of the health centres of the Cotonou archdiocese. HBsAg-negative patients constituted our study population. The study took place in November-December 2019 for Dakar and February-March 2020 for Cotonou. Anti-HBs antibodies were tested and titrated. In the event of anti-HBs positivity, total anti-HBc was determined. A microparticle chemiluminescence immunoassay was used for marker determination. The detection threshold was 2.50 IU/L for anti-HBs. Excel and IBM SPSS Statistics software were used for data analysis. Subjects’ sociodemographic characteristics were collected using a questionnaire, as was knowledge of their vaccination status. The study was approved by the ethics committees in Benin and Senegal. Results: A total of 394 HBs antigen-negative participants were recruited: 205 in Cotonou and 189 in Dakar. The population was predominantly female, with 65.36% (N = 134) and 57.14% (N = 108) women in Cotonou and Dakar respectively. The median age of participants was 29 years in Cotonou, with extremes of 10 and 65 years, versus 39 years in Dakar, with extremes of 6 and 93 years. Some participants claimed to be unaware of their vaccination status: 33.17% in Cotonou and 56.61% in Dakar. The total prevalence of anti-HBs-positive subjects was 88.78% (N = 182) in Cotonou and 98.41% (N = 186) in Dakar. In Cotonou (N = 205), 35.61% (N = 73) of subjects had protective anti-HBs levels between 11.60 IU/L and 10,000 IU/L. In Dakar, 61.38% (N = 116) of subjects had protective HBV immunity, with anti-HBs titres ranging from 10.30 IU/L to 11357 IU/L. In Cotonou, 80.82% (N = 59) of immunized subjects (N = 73) had anti-HBC antibodies, compared with 84.48% (N = 98) of immunized individuals (N = 116) in the population recruited in Dakar, indicating immunization following HBV infection. Conclusion: Our study involved a predominantly female population, many of whom were unaware of their serological status. Vaccination policies and knowledge of the viral hepatitis B epidemic need to be strengthened.
基金Supported by the Development of New Faculty Staff,Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund to Sintusek PThe Special Task Force for Activating Research in Immune Response in Children with Chronic Liver Diseases and Children after Liver Transplantation,Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital,Bangkok,Thailand to Sintusek P+1 种基金the Research Chair Grant from the National Science and Technology Development Agency,No.P-15-50004 to Poovorawan YThe Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology,Chulalongkorn Unversity and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital,No.GCE 5900930-005 to Poovorawan Y
文摘AIM To assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) immunity among previously vaccinated pediatric liver transplant recipients and present a case report of de novo hepatitis B infection after liver transplantation.METHODS This study focused on children with chronic liver diseases who received primary hepatitis B immunization and had a complete dataset of anti-HBs before and after liver transplantation between May 2001 and June 2017. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for potential factors relating to HBV immunity loss. RESULTS In total, 50 children were recruited. The mean time from liver transplantation to anti-HBs testing was 2.53 ± 2.11 years. The mean anti-HBs levels before and after liver transplantation were 584.41 ± 415.45 and 58.56 ± 6.40 IU/L, respectively. The rate of nonimmunity(anti-HBs < 10 IU/L) in the participants was 46%(n = 26) at one year, 57%(n = 7) at two years and 82%(n = 17) at > three years following liver transplantation. The potential factors relating to HBV immunity loss after liver transplantation were identified as anti-HBs(P = 0.002), serum albumin(P = 0.04), total bilirubin(P = 0.001) and direct bilirubin(P = 0.003) before liver transplantation. A five-year-old boy with biliary cirrhosis received 4 doses of HBV vaccine with an anti-HBs titer of > 1000 IU/L and underwent liver transplantation; his anti-HBc-negative father was the donor. After liver transplantation, the boy had stenosis of the hepatic artery up to the inferior vena cava anastomosis and underwent venoplasty three times. He also received subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin for 5 mo and 20 transfusions of blood components. Three years and ten months after the liver transplantation, transaminitis was detected with positive tests for HBs Ag, HBe Ag, and anti-HBc(2169.61, 1706 and 8.45, respectively; cutoff value: < 1.00) and an HBV viral load of 33212320 IU/mL.CONCLUSION The present study showed that loss of hepatitis B immunity after liver transplantation is unexpectedly common. In our case report, despite high levels of antiHBs prior to transplantation, infection occurred at a time when, unfortunately, the child had lost immunity to hepatitis B after liver transplantation.
文摘OBJECTIVES: To construct a DNA vaccine capable of expressing the S gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV)and evaluate the expression of the recombinant S gene in vitro and in vivo.METHODS: A cloned S-X gene fragment was inserted into an eukaryote expression vector to construct arecombinant expressing plasmid pCMV-SX. The recombinant plasmid was transcribed in vitro with a T7promoter transcription system and transfected into a human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2. Theexpression of the S gene was detected by Northern blot hybridization, Western blot hybridization, andenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. BALB/c mice were inoculated with therecombinant plasmid, and the efficiency of DNA-based immunization in eliciting anti-HBs was evaluatedby ELISA.RESULTS: In vitro transcription of the subcloned HBV S gene was confirmed by Northern blothybridization. The results of Western blot hybridization and ELISA showed that the S gene was expressedexactly in HepG2. In immune experiment, 2 of 10 immunized mice were shown to induce antibody againstHBsAg.CONCLUSION: The recombination and expression of the S gene can be achieved successfully in vitro.And the recombinant plasmid is able to elicit humoral immune response in mice.
文摘Background: The development of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been a major achievement in terms of prevention of HBV infection. To evaluate the immunological status against HBV of dental-profession students, we analysed the long-term immunogenicity and effectiveness of HBV vaccination in Italian dental students with different work seniorities, determining the influence of epidemiological variables on the immune response. Methods: This study, carried out from January 2014 to April 2016, involved 361 under- and post-graduate dental students attending the Second University of Naples. HBV serum markers were determined and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the level of long-term immunogenicity. Results: Of the 361 subjects evaluated, 15 (4.2%) declared no history of vaccination. All vaccinated subjects were HBsAg/anti-HBc negative, with 86 (24.9%) having an anti-HBs titre <10 IU/L. The latter were younger, more likely to be attending undergraduate dental school, and more likely to have been vaccinated in infancy. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that assessment of HBV serum markers in workers potentially exposed to hospital infections is useful to identify small numbers of unvaccinated subjects or vaccinated subjects with low antibody titre, all of whom should be referred for a booster series of vaccinations.
文摘Background: Early promotion of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among health care workers is an important component of the HBV infection control. No available data assess immune response of HB vaccination among Egyptian medical students. Objective: we conducted this study to evaluate the immune response among medical students after completion of their vaccination schedule. Methods: A total of 150 Egyptian medical students were included. Three doses of recombinant HB vaccine had been administered to all participating students at 0, 1 and 6 months. Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (Anti-HBs) titers, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and total antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were measured by enzyme immunoassay, 1 to 2 months after completion of vaccination course. Results: Among 150 students included, the mean age was 22.4 ± 1.7 years (range 18 - 28 years). Fifty nine (39.4%) were males and 91 (60.6%) were females. All students have anti-HBs levels more than 100 IU/L. The mean anti-HBs of included students was 8994.2 ± 6373.1 IU/L. There was no significant difference of anti-HBs levels regarding age, sex, residence or body mass index distribution. Conclusion: Early HB vaccination of health care workers is associated with good immune response and should be encouraged.
文摘To study IgG subclasses for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen (anti-HBc) in different populations, a comparison was made between 104 chronic carriers (60 male and 44 female) and 434 recovered individuals (247 male and 192 female). Biochemistry analyses of AST (aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase) were also performed. Among the 104 chronic carriers, 21 patients were found to be ALT and AST abnormal (〉 25 IU/ml). After comparing these ALT and AST abnormal patients with other ALT and AST normal chronic carriers, no statistical difference was observed in the OD values of the anti-HBe (p 〉 0.05). The ELISA results showed the anti-HBc IgG subclass pattern was IgG1 〉 IgG3 〉 IgG4 in chronic carriers and IgG3 〉 IgG1 〉 IgG4 in recovered individuals (p 〈 0.05). This result suggests the IgG1/IgG3 ratio may be related with HBV status. However, in spite of the different anti-HBc IgG1/IgG3 patterns demonstrated in different populations, both anti-HBc IgG1 and IgG3 concentrations were significantly higher in chronic carriers (p 〈 0.05). Therefore, both the anti-HBc IgG1/IgG3 ratio and their amounts differed. They may play a significant role in chronic carriers and recovered individuals. The anti-HBc IgG subclass profiles of chronic carriers were not changed regardless of liver inflammation, and were independent of sex and age.
基金This study was supported by grants from the Chinese Foundation for Hepatitis Prevention and Control(YGFK20180006).
文摘Background and Aims:Natural vaginal delivery and breastfeeding favor the development of a strong immune system in infants,and the immune response of infants to vaccines is closely related to their immune system.This large prospective cohort study aimed to explore the effects of delivery and feeding mode on infant’s immune response to hepatitis B vaccine(HepB).Methods:A total of 1,254 infants who completed the whole course of HepB immunization and whose parents were both HBsAg negative were enrolled from infants born in Jinchang City during 2018-2019 by cluster sampling method.Results:Twenty(1.59%)of the 1,254 infants were nonresponders to HepB.Among the other 1,234 infants,10.05%(124/1,234),81.69%(1,008/1,234)and 8.27%(102/1,234)of infants had low,medium,and high responses to HepB,respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that cesarean section(OR:8.58,95%CI:3.11-23.65,p<0.001)and birth weight<3.18 kg(OR:5.58,95%CI:1.89-16.51,p=0.002)were independent risk factors for infant nonresponse to HepB,and cesarean section(OR:7.63,95%CI:4.64-12.56,p<0.001),formula feeding(OR:4.91,95%CI:1.47-16.45,p=0.001),maternal antiHBs negativity(OR:27.2,95%CI:10.67-69.35,p<0.001),paternal non-response history of HepB(OR:7.86,95%CI:2.22-27.82,p=0.014)and birth weight<3.22 kg(OR:4.00,95%CI:2.43-6.59,p<0.001)were independent risk factors for infant low response to HepB.In cases where birth weight and genetic factors are unmodifiable and maternal anti-HBs effects are controversial,it makes sense to enhance infant response by changing delivery and feeding patterns.Conclusions:Natural vaginal delivery and breastfeeding are beneficial to the infant’s immune response to HepB.
基金supported by Project from the Science&Technology Commission of Chongqing,China(No.cstc2018jcyjAX0027,cstc2018jscx-msybX0376,cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0159,and cstc2020jscx-dxwtBX0022)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission,China(No.KJQN201800422)+3 种基金Intelligent Medicine Project from Chongqing Medical University,China(No.ZHYX202028)111 Project,China(No.D20028)National Key Research and Development Project,China(No.2018YFE0107500)Chongqing Talents Program,China(No.CQYC202005013).
文摘Little is known about the difference in durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by nucleoside analogs (NAs) or by interferon (IFN). A real-world, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were assigned into two groups: NAs monotherapy-induced HBsAg seroclearance subjects and IFN monotherapy induced-HBsAg seroclearance subjects. A total of 198 subjects, comprised by 168 NAs monotherapy-induced and 30 IFN monotherapy-induced, who achieved HBsAg seroclearance were included in this study. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were significantly different in patients with NAs monotherapy and IFN monotherapy (0.960 (with 95% CI 0.922–0.999) vs. 0.691 (with 95% CI 0.523–0.913), log-rank-P = 4.04e-4). 73.3% (11 of 15) HBsAg recurrence occurred within one year after HBsAg seroclearance. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were higher in IFN monotherapy patients with anti-HBs than in IFN monotherapy patients without anti-HBs (0.839 (with 95% CI 0.657–1.000) vs. 0.489 (with 95% CI 0.251–0.953), log-rank test, P = 0.024). Our study thus provided novel insights into the durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by NAs or IFN monotherapy. In particular, the HBsAg seroreversion rate was relatively high in IFN monotherapy subjects. The presence of anti-HBs was significantly correlated with a longer durability of functional cure induced by IFN treatment. And one-year follow-up in HBsAg seroclearance achieved individuals is proper for averting HBsAg seroreversion and other liver disease.