Quality evaluation of Pinelliae Rhizoma using network pharmacology and multi-component quantitative analysis

Background:Pinelliae Rhizoma(Banxia)is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine,and its quality issues are related to the safety and effectiveness of the medicine.Several pharmacological experiments have shown that Pinelliae Rhizoma has anti-inflammatory activity,but the specific chemical components remain unclear.Methods:In the present study,network pharmacology was used to analyze the potential active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of Pinelliae Rhizoma’s anti-inflammatory activity.A new approach to simultaneously determine eight components using high performance liquid chromatography-photo-diode array was developed to evaluate the quality of Pinelliae Rhizoma and different processed Pinelliae Rhizoma products.Results:Twelve active ingredients were identified from Pinelliae Rhizoma,andβ-sitosterol may have a greater effect than the other active ingredients.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses revealed the main pathways associated with Pinelliae Rhizoma’s mechanism for treating inflammation.Additionally,theβ-sitosterol content in different processed Pinelliae Rhizoma products decreased significantly,and the level of five nucleosides in Pinelliae Rhizoma was significantly higher than that of the processed Pinelliae Rhizoma products.The 6-gingerol content was detected in eight Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine batches with different origins,and liquiritin and liquiritigenin levels were detected in eight batches of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum with different origins.Conclusion:Pinelliae Rhizoma quality was affected by different regions and different processing methods,and this research provides a reference for Pinelliae Rhizoma quality evaluation.

A review of the ethnobotanical value,phytochemistry,and pharmacology of Physalis pubescens L.

Physalis pubescens L.(P.pubescens)was widely used for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases,such as sore throat,aphonia,phlegm,heat,and cough in folk medicine.The fruits of P.pubescens are commonly consumed as fruit in many areas of the world.In the past few decades,the phytochemistry and pharmacology of P.pubescens were extensively investigated.About 170 chemical constituents were purified from P.pubescens.The extract and chemical constituents of P.pubescens demonstrate diverse pharmacological effects,including anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation,anticancer,antimicrobial activity,immunomodulation,diuretic effect,hypoglycemic,and hypolipidemic in vitro and in vivo.Herein,we systematically summarized the ethnomedicinal uses,botanical characterization,distribution,phytochemistry,and pharmacology of P.pubescens,and establish the correlation between chemical constituents and pharmacological effects.

Study on the Pharmacological Effects of Aucubin

In this paper,the pharmacological effects of aucubin include anti-inflammatory effect,anti-tumor effect,neuroprotective effect,anti-cardiovascular disease effect,hepatoprotective effect,anti-oxidation effect and anti-aging effect,antibacterial effect,anti-diabetes effect and bone protection.The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical basis for the development and clinical application of aucubin.

Effect and Mechanism of Hai Tong-pi Decoction Ointment on Antiinflammation and Analgesia by Transcutaneous Administration in Mice

Objectve:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Hai Tongpi decoction ointment on analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects in mice after transdermal administration.Methods:The hot plate method and the acetic acid writhing experiment were used to verify the analgesic effect of Hai tong-pi extract on pain model mice;the xylene-induced auricular swelling model and the carrageenan-induced right foot swelling model were used,combined with the ELISA method to determine the analgesic effect.The levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in the serum of mice were observed.Anti-inflammatory effect of Haitongpi Tang decoction ointment on inflammation model mice.Results:In terms of analgesia,compared with the model group,both the treatment group 1 and the treatment group 2 can significantly prolong the hot plate pain threshold and the latency of the writhing response(P<0.05),and significantly reduce the writhing in the mice.The number of times(P<0.001),and the effect of process 1 is more obvious(P<0.05);In terms of antiinflammatory,compared with the blank group,the swelling degree and swelling rate of the right hind paw of the mice in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01),indicating that the acute inflammation model was successfully established in the mice.Compared with the model group,both the process group 1 and the process group 2 can significantly reduce the swelling degree and swelling rate of the mice feet(P<0.05),and reduce the auricle swelling degree of the mice,and increase the swelling inhibition rate(P<0.05),and the effective effect of process 1 group was more significant(P<0.05).At the same time,compared with the blank group,the contents of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the process group 2,the process group 1 had a more significant decrease in the content of IL-1β(P<0.05),and IL-6 content of the two had no statistical difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:The Hai tong-pi decoction ointment prepared by two different processes have good analgesic and antiinflammatory effects on mice after transdermal administration.inflammatory cytokine expression.The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of process group 1 was better than that of process group 2,which may be related to the separate extraction and storage of volatile oil of traditional Chinese medicine,which ensured the long-term pharmacological activity of volatile oil.

Pharmacological Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Osthole

Osthole has various pharmacological effects such as anti-cancer,anti-inflammation,prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and neuroprotection.This paper reviews the advances in the research of the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of osthole,in order to provide new ideas for further research and clinical application of osthole.

产程护理联合非药物性镇痛分娩的效果及对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨产程护理联合非药物性镇痛分娩的效果及对妊娠结局的影响。方法选取医院2022年5月至2023年5月收治的产妇90名,随机分为对照组和研究组,各45名。对照组产妇采用常规护理,研究组产妇采用产程护理联合非药物性镇痛分娩。结果研究组产程显著更短,自然分娩率显著更高,镇痛效果显著更好,不良事件发生率显著更低(P<0.05)。结论产程护理联合非药物性镇痛分娩可缩短产程,提升自然分娩率,降低产妇分娩的疼痛感知和不良事件发生率。

基于网络药理学探讨青钱柳镇痛作用机制

目的探明青钱柳镇痛作用机制,为青钱柳临床应用和药物开发提供科学指引。方法通过中药网络药理学的研究方法探讨青钱柳镇痛作用机制。利用分子对接验证核心靶点与活性化合物的结合能力。用纯化水对青钱柳叶进行恒温回流提取。用ELISA试剂盒检测青钱柳叶水提物降低小鼠疼痛指标以及对核心靶点的抑制情况。结果青钱柳镇痛的核心靶点为IL-6、COX-2和MMP-9。核心靶点与活性化合物均能较好结合。青钱柳叶水提物能较好地降低小鼠疼痛指标和抑制核心靶点IL-6、COX-2以及MMP-9。结论青钱柳的主要镇痛机制可能通过抑制核心靶点IL-6、COX-2和MMP-9,从而达到镇痛的效果。

基于网络药理学探讨畲药十二时辰镇痛作用机制

目的 通过网络药理学方法探究畲药“十二时辰”镇痛作用的有效成分及可能的作用机制。方法 利用TCMSP数据库对十二时辰已知化学成分进行活性筛选并收集对应的相关靶点,利用GeneCards数据库和DisGeNET数据库收集疼痛相关靶点,利用Venny网站筛选出二者的交集基因,作为十二时辰镇痛作用的潜在靶点;利用Cytoscape软件构建活性成分-靶点网络、利用STRING数据库构建PPI网络、利用David 6.8数据库对十二时辰潜在靶点进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析,利用Cytoscape软件构建十二时辰成分-靶点-信号通路网络。结果 网络分析确定十二时辰中11个化合物与24个靶点基因与镇痛作用有关,蛋白互作网络的核心基因是ACTB、NOS3、CASP3、PTGS2、RELA和PPARA,通过KEGG确定核心通路主要包括非酒精性脂肪肝、心肌细胞的肾上腺素能信号传导、流体剪切应力与动脉粥样硬化等。结论 十二时辰可能通过多靶点、多信号途径的相互作用对炎症、癌症引起的疼痛及神经性疼痛起到镇痛作用。可为下一步实验研究提供依据。

独一味不同入药部位止血止痛独有成分分析

目的:基于独一味地上部分和根成分的差异性,探究独一味不同入药部位止血止痛的作用。方法:利用UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS快速表征和识别两种不同入药部位的化学成分。利用网络药理学挖掘不同入药部位独有成分及其与止血止痛功能相关的靶点,探究独一味地上部分和根独有成分止血止痛的药效物质基础并分析主要活性成分。结果:独一味地上部分鉴定出193个化合物,根中鉴定出191个化合物,其中地上部分和根部独有成分分别为13和11个。网络药理学结果表明发挥止血止痛作用的5个核心成分(甘草次酸、熊果酸、左旋千金藤啶碱、α-香附酮、冬凌草甲素)均来自地上部分,这些成分通过作用于177个交集基因并调控多条信号通路达到止血止痛的目的。结论:该研究表明独一味不同部位止血止痛的药效物质基础存在差异,独一味地上部分更适合作为止血止痛的入药部位,此结果可为独一味不同部位的开发利用及资源保护提供依据。

银杏叶总黄酮镇痛作用及机制的探讨

目的 研究银杏叶总黄酮 (TFG)镇痛作用及其机制。方法 镇痛实验采用甲醛法、热板法、温浴法、扭体法 ;血清和脑组织匀浆中NO、PGE2 、丙二醛 (MDA)含量的测定采用比色法。结果 ipTFG可显著抑制福尔马林致小鼠疼痛反应 ;延长小鼠舔足潜伏期并减少小鼠扭体反应数。icvTFG5 0mg·kg-1可明显抑制小鼠温浴法缩尾反应潜伏期 ;TFG10 0mg·kg-1可降低小鼠血清和脑组织MDA、PGE2 含量 ,并能升高脑组织中NO的含量。结论 TFG具有明显镇痛作用 ,其机制可能与抑制PGE2

磁石的药理作用研究

磁石能显著抑制醋酸诱发小鼠的扭体反应，降低戊巴比妥钠的阈剂量，缩短入睡潜伏期时间，拮抗戊四氮致小鼠惊厥，延长回苏灵致惊潜伏期时间，降低角叉菜胶引起小鼠足肿胀度，缩短出血、凝血时间。

辣椒提取物的抗炎镇痛作用

目的 研究辣椒提取物 (extractofcapsicum ,EC)灌胃给药后的抗炎镇痛作用。方法 采用小鼠热板法和热辐射甩尾法两种疼痛模型、小鼠二甲苯诱导的耳水肿和大鼠角叉菜胶诱导的足肿胀两种炎症模型 ,观察EC灌胃后对痛阈时间和炎症的影响。结果 EC(6 0、12 0、2 40mg/kg)灌胃给药后 ,能明显延长小鼠热板法和热辐射甩尾法的痛阈时间 ,对小鼠二甲苯诱导的耳水肿也有明显的抑制作用 ;且EC(4 0、80、16 0mg/kg)能明显抑制大鼠角叉菜胶诱导的足肿胀。

μ阿片受体激动剂舒芬太尼的药理作用和应用

目的 :综述舒芬太尼 (Suf)的药理作用和应用。方法 :应用受体结合、热板、甩尾反射、EEG、血流动力学、随机双盲评价等方法。结果和结论 :Suf是一个 μ阿片受体高选择性的激动剂 ,Suf镇痛活性比芬太尼、吗啡强 ;Suf降低吸入麻醉药的MAC ,Suf使EEG振幅增大 ,频率减慢 ;Suf的血流动力学比芬太尼、吗啡更稳定 ;Suf安全范围大于Fen与Mor。Suf临床应用于心脏外科、神经外科、大腹部外科、妇产科等 。

桑白皮总黄酮的镇痛抗炎药理作用研究

目的研究桑白皮总黄酮的镇痛抗炎药理作用。方法采用小鼠扭体法和热板法镇痛实验,研究桑白皮总黄酮的镇痛作用,通过观察桑白皮总黄酮对小鼠毛细血管通透性和二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响,研究其抗炎作用。结果桑白皮总黄酮(400,800 mg/kg)能明显减少醋酸所致小鼠的扭体次数,而对热板法所致疼痛无明显作用,桑白皮总黄酮(400mg/kg)能显著抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀和醋酸所致的毛细血管通透性增加。结论桑白皮总黄酮具有一定的外周性镇痛作用和抗炎作用。

褪黑素镇痛作用的依赖性及免疫增强作用

目的 观察褪黑素 (MT)的镇痛作用是否有耐受性和依赖性及其对免疫功能的影响。方法 依赖性观察采用小鼠竖尾实验和跳跃实验 ;免疫功能的检测采用免疫器官称重法、碳粒廓清实验及脾淋巴细胞增殖反应等。结果 MT 4 0mg/kg(qd× 7d ,ip)产生镇痛作用而无耐受现象 ,并能提高ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖反应 ;小鼠scMT 35 0mg/kg未出现竖尾现象 ;MT 35 0mg/kg (bid× 5d)后 ,用纳洛酮(5mg/kg)催瘾未出现跳跃现象 ,且对盐酸吗啡依赖小鼠的跳跃实验无明显影响 ;MT 35 0mg/kg (bid× 5d)后 ,脾、胸腺指数及碳粒廓清实验中K、α值高于溶媒组 ,提示MT能显著增加小鼠的非特异性免疫功能 ;盐酸吗啡 30mg/kg (bid× 5d)对小鼠的免疫功能有抑制作用。结论 MT镇痛作用无明显的耐受性及依赖性 。

芍芪多苷的解热镇痛作用

目的研究芍芪多苷的解热镇痛作用。方法通过大鼠酵母致热法研究芍芪多苷的解热作用;通过小鼠热板法、扭体法和福尔马林法研究芍芪多苷的镇痛作用。结果芍芪多苷21.3 mg/kgig 1h后可显著抑制酵母诱导的发热大鼠体温的上升,21.3、42.5、85 mg/kgig 2h后各组均可显现降低致热大鼠体温的效应;芍芪多苷120mg/kgig在热板实验中可延长小鼠的舔足潜伏期,30、60、120mg/kgig可显著抑制小鼠的扭体反应,60、120 mg/kgig可减少福尔马林实验第2时相小鼠舔咬注射足的时间。结论芍芪多苷对酵母致热大鼠具有解热作用和一定的镇痛作用,具体机制有待进一步研究。

小剂量芬太尼用于PICU气管插管患儿镇痛的有效剂量研究

目的 初步探讨90％ PICU气管插管患儿（ED90）有效止痛的芬太尼推注剂量.方法 应用行为疼痛量表（Behavioural Pain Scale,BPS）从移动到侧卧位期间进行疼痛评估.纳入BPS评分达到3或4分、入住PICU 48 h内Ramsay评分为3～5分的气管插管和机械通气患儿.在72 h连续侧卧位研究期间,采用BPS量表评价推注芬太尼的镇痛效果.每次翻身侧卧位直到BPS评分为3～4分,芬太尼剂量从0开始按比例升高.收集患儿的Ramsay评分、心率和平均动脉压.结果 共纳入25例患儿,进行超过6个月的研究.ED90芬太尼的推注剂量是0.15 μg/kg,之后40％的患儿BPS量表评分增加.结论 治疗5d内,90％的患儿镇静有效剂量为0.15 μg/kg,无不良反应.经常定期给予PICU患儿急性疼痛评估、预防性推注0.15 μg/kg芬太尼可以镇痛,并且可指导医生如何应用最低有效剂量的镇痛药和麻醉药,达到充分镇静止痛的目的,但是应根据不同患儿的病情调整相应剂量.

去甲二萜生物碱的药理活性

归纳总结了 1984年以来所发表的有关去甲二萜生物碱的药理作用。

万灵五香巴布膏活血通络与消肿止痛的药理作用

目的 :观察万灵五香巴布膏活血通络与消肿止痛的药理作用。方法 :采用小鼠光热法与扭体法镇痛试验观察止痛作用 ;小鼠巴豆油耳肿胀试验与大鼠佐剂关节炎抗炎试验观察消肿作用 ;小鼠耳廓微循环试验和大鼠急性软组织损伤试验观察活血通络作用。结果 :万灵五香巴布膏能显著提高小鼠光热法测得的痛阈和减少冰醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数 ;减轻巴豆油所致小鼠耳肿胀和大鼠佐剂性关节炎的肿胀度 ;改善小鼠耳廓微循环和减轻打击所致大鼠急性软组织损伤。结论 :万灵五香巴布膏有明显的活血通络与消肿止痛药理作用。

氧化苦参碱的镇痛作用及其机制

目的:观察氧化苦参碱(oxymatrine,OMT)的镇痛作用,并初步探讨其镇痛作用机制。方法:将小鼠随机分成6组,即生理盐水组,OMT 50、100和200 mg.kg-1组,盐酸哌替啶注射液(10 mg.kg-1)组,L-硝基-精氨酸甲酯(L-NAME)20 mg.kg-1+OMT 100 mg.kg-1组。应用冰醋酸制备小鼠疼痛模型,以15 min内发生扭体次数为疼痛定量指标;将雌性小鼠随机分成6组,分组同前,将小鼠置于(55.0±0.5)℃的热板上制备疼痛模型,以小鼠舔后足反应的潜伏期为痛阈指标。结果:腹腔注射OMT 50、100和200 mg.kg-1能剂量依赖性地减少小鼠扭体反应次数,延长小鼠舔后足潜伏期,与生理盐水组比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001);预先给予L-NAME能增强OMT对抗冰醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应的作用。结论:OMT能剂量依赖性地对抗冰醋酸及热板所致的小鼠疼痛反应,其镇痛作用可能不是完全通过NO-cGMP途径实现的。