专性捕食细菌蛭弧菌及其类似细菌(Bdellovibrio and like organisms,BALOs)因在农业、工业和医学,尤其是在治疗抗生素耐药病原细菌感染中的潜在应用前景而倍受重视。但关于BALOs的诸多基础科学问题在过去几十年里一直不清楚,这也是这类...专性捕食细菌蛭弧菌及其类似细菌(Bdellovibrio and like organisms,BALOs)因在农业、工业和医学,尤其是在治疗抗生素耐药病原细菌感染中的潜在应用前景而倍受重视。但关于BALOs的诸多基础科学问题在过去几十年里一直不清楚,这也是这类细菌暂未被有效开发和利用的根本原因。近年来,关于BALOs生命周期、捕食机制、资源分布与多样性以及它们在医学、农业和工业中的应用等方面取得了较多进展,特别是2021年蛭弧菌门正式确立以来,相关研究暴发式增长。本文系统回顾BALOs的研究进展,并着重介绍最新报道的捕食机制研究等突出成就,以促进我们对BALOs资源的认识与进一步应用,并指导未来的BALOs研究。展开更多
Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms （BALOs） are a group of ubiquitous and obligate predatory bacteria and conmlonly used as biocontrol agents. In this study, an efficient, environmental-friendly, and convenient BALOs en...Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms （BALOs） are a group of ubiquitous and obligate predatory bacteria and conmlonly used as biocontrol agents. In this study, an efficient, environmental-friendly, and convenient BALOs encouraged municipal waste sludge biolysis pretreatment technique was developed and investigated for dewaterability enhancement of excess waste sludge. The indigenous predatory BALOs were successfully isolated from the sludge for biolysis treatment. Without any chemical addition or pH adjustment, the sludge specific resistance （SRF） and capillary suction time （CST） were significantly reduced by as high as 53.4% and 23.8%, respectively within 24 h＇s treatment, which would further be lowered with the increase of BALOs input dosage. However, the continuous extension of reaction time would women the sludge dewaterability. The decreases of SRF and CST accompanied with the increases of sludge disintegration degree and soluble chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations all emphasized the contributions of BALOs＇ predation activities to sludge disturbance, cell lysis, and consequently the release of sludge intracellular water to finally effectively improve the sludge dewaterability and disposal efficiency.展开更多
【目的】研究刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌类微生物的多样性及其组成特征。【方法】对刺参养殖用水进行过滤,获得微生物并提取其总DNA,分别采用两对特异性引物Per和Bac扩增蛭弧菌类微生物相应的16S r RNA基因目的片段。通过核糖体DNA扩增片段...【目的】研究刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌类微生物的多样性及其组成特征。【方法】对刺参养殖用水进行过滤,获得微生物并提取其总DNA,分别采用两对特异性引物Per和Bac扩增蛭弧菌类微生物相应的16S r RNA基因目的片段。通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDRA)方法,使用HaeⅢ和MspⅠ,双酶切各60个目的基因的单克隆,选不同条带克隆进行测序并对测序结果的多重序列分析比对。【结果】确定两对引物分别存在8和9种碱基差异序列,均属于噬菌弧菌属,分属于3个类群中。类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ为优势类群,且均为已知类群,类群Ⅲ为潜在的新类群;Per1(KP214541)和Bac44(KP214551)代表菌株分别为优势种。【结论】刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌具有较高的多样性,包括已知类型和未知类型的蛭弧菌;可进一步进行蛭弧菌的分离、培养,用于刺参养殖中病害防治研究。展开更多
文摘专性捕食细菌蛭弧菌及其类似细菌(Bdellovibrio and like organisms,BALOs)因在农业、工业和医学,尤其是在治疗抗生素耐药病原细菌感染中的潜在应用前景而倍受重视。但关于BALOs的诸多基础科学问题在过去几十年里一直不清楚,这也是这类细菌暂未被有效开发和利用的根本原因。近年来,关于BALOs生命周期、捕食机制、资源分布与多样性以及它们在医学、农业和工业中的应用等方面取得了较多进展,特别是2021年蛭弧菌门正式确立以来,相关研究暴发式增长。本文系统回顾BALOs的研究进展,并着重介绍最新报道的捕食机制研究等突出成就,以促进我们对BALOs资源的认识与进一步应用,并指导未来的BALOs研究。
基金Acknowledgements This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 51208092） and Technology Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese Scholar, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People＇s Republic China （2014）.
文摘Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms （BALOs） are a group of ubiquitous and obligate predatory bacteria and conmlonly used as biocontrol agents. In this study, an efficient, environmental-friendly, and convenient BALOs encouraged municipal waste sludge biolysis pretreatment technique was developed and investigated for dewaterability enhancement of excess waste sludge. The indigenous predatory BALOs were successfully isolated from the sludge for biolysis treatment. Without any chemical addition or pH adjustment, the sludge specific resistance （SRF） and capillary suction time （CST） were significantly reduced by as high as 53.4% and 23.8%, respectively within 24 h＇s treatment, which would further be lowered with the increase of BALOs input dosage. However, the continuous extension of reaction time would women the sludge dewaterability. The decreases of SRF and CST accompanied with the increases of sludge disintegration degree and soluble chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations all emphasized the contributions of BALOs＇ predation activities to sludge disturbance, cell lysis, and consequently the release of sludge intracellular water to finally effectively improve the sludge dewaterability and disposal efficiency.
文摘【目的】研究刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌类微生物的多样性及其组成特征。【方法】对刺参养殖用水进行过滤,获得微生物并提取其总DNA,分别采用两对特异性引物Per和Bac扩增蛭弧菌类微生物相应的16S r RNA基因目的片段。通过核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性内切酶分析(ARDRA)方法,使用HaeⅢ和MspⅠ,双酶切各60个目的基因的单克隆,选不同条带克隆进行测序并对测序结果的多重序列分析比对。【结果】确定两对引物分别存在8和9种碱基差异序列,均属于噬菌弧菌属,分属于3个类群中。类群Ⅰ、Ⅱ为优势类群,且均为已知类群,类群Ⅲ为潜在的新类群;Per1(KP214541)和Bac44(KP214551)代表菌株分别为优势种。【结论】刺参养殖环境中蛭弧菌具有较高的多样性,包括已知类型和未知类型的蛭弧菌;可进一步进行蛭弧菌的分离、培养,用于刺参养殖中病害防治研究。
