Abnormal ACT in a Patient with Prekallikrein Deficiency Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Prekallikrein deficiency is a disorder that often remains undiagnosed. Prekallikrein activates factor XII, which initiates the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Prekallikrein deficiency results in prolonged Partial Thromboplastin Time and Activated Clotting Time in absence of anticoagulants or active bleeding. This case report describes the anesthesia management of a patient with Prekallikrein deficiency who underwent cardiac surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass for correction of a congenital cardiac malformation. We highlight the importance of understanding the different tests available for the diagnosis of coagulation factors deficiency during administration of heparin in the setting of cardiovascular procedures under general anesthesia.

Results of the First 10 Cases of Coronary Bypass Surgery in Senegal

This is a review of the first 10 coronary artery bypass surgeries performed by the local team. The mean age was 62 years old [45 - 74]. The patients were predominantly male, with a M/F ratio of 4:1. Cardiovascular risk factors were mainly myocardial infarction (MI) (60%), hypertension (50%), obesity (40%) and diabetes (30%), with at least two risk factors per patient. Angina was the main symptom (80%). The average time from presentation to surgery was 8 months. The mean Euroscore 2 was 2.92 ± 1.65 [1.33 - 6.60]. Coronary angiography revealed an average of 2 lesions per patient, with 3-vessel involvement in 70% of cases: the Interventricular artery (IVA) (100%), the right coronary artery (90%) and the circumflex artery (70%). On echocardiography, the mean Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 59% [33% - 76%]. All patients underwent median sternotomy with bypass grafting. The average duration of the cardiopulmonary bypass was 150 min [46 - 275 min];that of aortic clamping, 120 min [43 - 232 min]. The grafts used were internal thoracic artery (ITA) in 100% of cases (80% on the left and 20% on the right), and the great saphenous vein (GSV) in 60% of cases (50% on the left and 10 on the right). Double bypass was performed in 60% of cases, single bypass in 30% and triple bypass in 10%. The bypasses were performed on the IVA (100%), the middle lateral of the circumflex (30%) and the bisector (20%). The average time to extubation was 11 hours and the length of stay in the intensive care unit was 7 days [03 - 17 days]. One patient had a reoperation on Day 0 post-op. The average hospital stay was 13 days [06 - 27 days]. Complications occurred in nine of the patients (90%), with a predominance of infectious and neurological complications. Overall operative mortality was 3%, all in intensive care.

EFFECTS OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE ON PLASMA CATECHOLAMINE AND ANGIOTENSION Ⅱ IN OPEN HEART SURGICAL PATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS

To study the effects of electroacupuncture on sympathetic adrenomedullary(SA) system and renin angiotensin aldosterone (RAA) system in open heart surgical patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), 30 patients with atrial septal defect were randomly divided into general anesthesia (GA) group, acupuncture anesthesia (AA) group and acupuncture with general anesthesia (AGA) group. Peripheral blood samples were taken before anesthesia and 30 min after CPB. The plasma concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), epinphrine (E) and angiotensinⅡ(AⅡ) were detected. Results: Plasma NE and E of post CPB increased significantly in GA group and AA group, but decreased significantly in AGA group. Plasma AⅡ of post CPB increased significantly in GA group, but no marked changes were found in AA group and AGA group. Conclusions: Acupuncture can improve the AⅡ response to cardiac surgery and CPB. AGA but not AA can inhibit the catecholamine (CA) response to cardiac surgery and CPB.

THE STUDY ON THE CHANGES OF ZINC, COPPER, CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM IN PLASMA AND ERYTHROCYTES DURING CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS

Objective To study the changes and their influence factors involved of zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium in plasma and erythrocytes during cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). Methods Zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium values in plasma and erythrocytes were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer during CPB. Results Zinc and copper levels in plasma were significantly elevated above preinduction level before perfusion, but calcium and magnesium levels did not change significantly; zinc, copper and calcium levels in plasma were significantly below preoperation level during CPB, but magnesium level in plasma was significantly increased above preoperation; zinc level in plasma was increased to preoperation level after CPB and began to decrease again at 8 hours after CPB, copper level in plasma was increased to preoperation level at 20 hours after CPB, calcium in plasma was increased significantly from beginning to 8 hours after CPB, magnesium level in plasma was decreased to preoperation level at 8 hours afterCPB. Concentration of zinc , copper, calcium and magnesium in erythrocytes did not change significantly. Conclusion During CPB, the changes of zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium had relation to hemodilution, operative wound, carrier protein, stress and component of priming solution and cardioplegic solution, but no relation to transfer from plasma erythrocytes. The results indicate that it is beneficial to patient's recovery to supplement zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium properly by different ways during cardiac perioperation.

Cardiac Surgery during Pregnancy—Our Experience

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) continues to be endemic in developing countries like India, thus a number of female patient present with valvular heart disease complicating pregnancy. Surgery is lifesaving in patients who are symptomatic on medical management. Objective: To study maternal and fetal outcome in patient’s refractory to medical treatment undergoing cardiac surgery during pregnancy. Methodology: Analysis of 8 pregnant patients who underwent cardiac surgery during 5 years from Jan 2012 to Dec 2016 in a Medical college setup in Central India. Results: Maternal age ranged between 20 - 35 mean of 23.75, NYHA class IV, refractory to medical treatment. The underlying cardiac lesion was rheumatic heart disease 7 (87.5%) cases, 6 (85.7%) had mitral valve lesion. 7 primigravida (87.5%) patients were taken as elective procedure in second trimester (18 - 26 weeks), one multipara patient as emergency after failed Balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) in third trimester of pregnancy (32 weeks) was the only maternal death. 5 (62.5%) patients progressed to term pregnancy and delivered vaginally. The cardiopulmonary bypass variables studied were Median bypass time 51.25 minutes (range 37 - 78), median cross-clamp time 25.62 minutes (range 16 - 48), Median flow rate 2.4 l/min/m2 (range 2.2 - 2.6) mean perfusion pressure during CPB 65 - 89 (range 55 - 120) and median perfusate temperature 37°C (range 32 - 38). 2 (29%) patients had a long term follow-up and have delivered at term in their next pregnancies at the institute. Conclusion: Cardiac Surgery can be performed during pregnancy in patients’ refractory to medical management. The outcome is better with mother than fetus. Multidisciplinary team approach is the strategy for care.

体外循环心脏外科手术病人气管插管拔除后早期饮水的临床实践研究

目的:评价早期经口饮水在体外循环心脏外科手术后气管插管拔除病人中的安全性及可行性。方法:采用便利抽样法,选取山东省青岛市某三级甲等医院心血管外科重症监护室于2022年3月1日—5月31日行体外循环下心脏外科手术的病人123例作为对照组(常规拔管后4 h经口饮水),选取于2022年6月1日—9月30日行体外循环下心脏外科手术的病人120例作为观察组(实施拔除气管插管后早期经口饮水干预方案)。记录两组病人口渴程度、口腔黏膜湿润程度,呛咳、恶心呕吐、误吸、吸入性肺炎发生率以及病人对护理工作的满意度,同时记录两组的平均饮水时间。结果:观察组病人的口渴程度得分和口唇黏膜湿润度评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组病人饮水呛咳、恶心呕吐、误吸、吸入性肺炎发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组病人对护理工作满意度评分为(93.01±6.17)分,明显高于对照组(90.29±7.32)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组平均饮水时间为(18.75±14.92)min,明显短于对照组(245.06±17.56)min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:经过安全评估,体外循环心脏手术后气管插管拔除病人立即评估并早期经口饮水有利于缓解术后口渴程度,增加口腔黏膜湿润程度,减轻口咽部不适感,改善病人舒适度,提高病人对护理工作满意度,且未增加相关临床并发症的发生率,临床实践安全可行。

Cardiac Immobilization in Beating Heart Surgery Using Pericardial Bands

A novel technique of stabilization of the coronary targets with autogenous pericardial bands is described in off pump coronary revascularizations. Pericardial bands are placed across the coronary targets and snared to the pericardial well for local cardiac immobilization. This technique can be used as an alternate to mechanical stabilizers for immobilization of the coronary targets.

Evaluation of a New Formula for Calculating Heparin Dose for Cardiopulmonary Bypass Patients

Introduction: Anticoagulation is essential during CPB in cardiac surgery. It is generally performed using heparin;however the widely used formula for its dosing is based solely on body weight. Although the formula assumes activated clotting time (ACT) to be within normal range, baseline ACT varies in each patient. Thus, we developed an original formula, which takes into account baseline ACT in addition to body weight to calculate a more proper dose for initial administration of heparin. In this study, we monitored the ACT to examine if the dose of heparin calculated using our formula can prolong the ACT to the target range, and we determined the factors which interfere with the prolongation of ACT. Methods: Between October 2010 and April 2011, 141 consecutive patients underwent cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass at our hospital. We measured ACT 3 minutes after the initial administration of heparin and considered ACT values >400 seconds as appropriate for safe initiation of CPB. Results: Using the proposed formula, administered heparin dose was 241 ± 27 IU/kg and target ACT was achieved in 86.4% of patients. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the effect of patient background factors on target ACT achievement. Body weight, age, and preoperative heparin therapy, which showed significant differences, were further analyzed. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that our newly developed formula could be used to properly calculate the optimal initial dose of heparin.

Level of Cardiac Biomarkers in Immediate Post-Operative Period after Off-Pump CABG and Its Comparison with On-Pump CABG: A Prospective Analytical Study

Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is an important modality of treatment for ischemic heart disease. Both off-pump and on-pump CABG have direct effect on the level cardiac biomarkers in the perioperative period. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and aortic cross-clamping may cause additive myocardial damage leading to further elevation of blood markers. The present study is aimed at measuring and comparing the cardiac biomarker levels in immediate post-operative period after on-pump CABG (ONCAB) and off-pump CABG (OPCAB). Methods: All the patients who underwent CABG from January 2015 to June 2016 on elective or emergency basis at Nilratan Sircar Medical College & Hospital have been included in the study. Total 106 patients were operated for CABG of which 75 patients were operated for OPCAB and 31 patients were operated for ONCAB. For the comparison of data the blood markers Troponin-T (Trop-T) and Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) are measured during anesthesia before surgery, post-operatively after 1 hour, post-operatively after 4 hours and post-operatively after 20 hours. All recorded data are analyzed using standard statistical methods. Results: We found the markers are elevated immediately after surgery and gradually come down within 24 hours after surgery in both OPCAB and ONCAB groups. The elevation is more after ONCAB than OPCAB group in immediate post-operative period but the difference is not significant after 20 hours of surgery. Conclusion: Elevated levels of cardiac biomarkers in the immediate post-operative period indicate myocardial damage during surgery, especially after ONCAB in comparison to OPCAB. This may attribute to the better hemodynamic stability in the immediate post-operative period after OPCAB than ONCAB assuming comparable and adequate revascularization in patients of both groups. The avoidance of CPB and cross-clamp may explain better myocardial functioning immediately after OPCAB. But after 20 hours, the level of cardiac markers is comparable in both groups indicating little difference in post-operative recovery and long-term prognosis.

Redo Cardiac Surgery: Bleeding Control

Redo cardiac surgery increases?mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine if aprotinin was superior to tranexamic acid concerning control bleeding loss after redo valve surgery. A retrospective study was conducted from January 1994 until December 2014. 221 patients underwent redo cardiac valve surgery and separated into two groups: aprotinin group (n?=?85) and tranexamic acid group (n?=?136). Univariate tests were applied for data analysis. A total of 221 patients were enrolled in this study. This cohort was separated into two groups: aprotinin group (n?=?85) and tranexamic acid group (n?=?136). Euroscore in tranexamic acid group was higher: 5.96 ± 3.04 vs.?5.17 ± 2.83 in aprotinin group?(p?=?0.055). There was no statistical difference in postoperative mortality between the two groups (p?= 0.153). No statistical differences were reported concerning: total blood loss (p?= 0.51), red blood cells transfusion (p?= 0.215), reexploration for bleeding (p?= 0.537) and postoperative renal failure (p?= 0.79). There were statistical differences concerning mechanical ventilation time, which is longer in tranexamic acid group (p?= 0.008) and the use of inotropic drug support, which is more frequent in the tranexamic acid group (p?= 0.001). Our results demonstrated that tranexamic acid and aprotinin reduce transfusion requirement and blood loss. Due to financial reason, we chose tranexamic acid in preventing blood loss in redo valve surgery.

Role of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in coronary artery bypass grafting

Transesophapeal echocardiography （TEE） can be used as a diagnostic tool during cardiac surgery to direct the surgical procedure and diagnose unanticipated problems. TEE has also been one of the most important means of monitoring myocardial ischemia dur- ing coronary artery bypas grafting procedures. The cardiac anesthesiologist can apply intraoperative TEE in evaluating coronary artery anatomy and aorta atherosclerosis, assessing diastolic left ventricular function and preload,measuring intracardiac pressure and cardiac output,detecting ischaemic mitral regurgitation,intracardiac air and pericardial effusion.

丙泊酚镇静体外循环下心脏瓣膜置换术后谵妄发生的影响因素分析

目的探讨丙泊酚镇静体外循环(CPB)下心脏瓣膜置换术后谵妄发生的影响因素。方法选择2020年1月至2022年12月于南阳市中心医院行CPB下心脏瓣膜置换术患者152例为研究对象,依据丙泊酚镇静深度将患者分为观察A组[50≤脑电双频指数(BIS)<60]和观察B组(35≤BIS<45),每组76例。收集患者的年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、糖尿病、高血压、冠状动脉性心脏病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、睡眠障碍、营养障碍、焦虑、抑郁、吸烟史、饮酒史、术前心功能不全、术中低氧血症、术中低蛋白血症、术后急性肾损伤、二次插管、大量输血、过度疼痛、术后左心室射血分数(LVEF)、手术方式、CPB时间等临床资料,采用重症监护病房(ICU)患者意识模糊评估法(CAM-ICU)评估患者术后谵妄发生情况。比较观察A组和观察B组患者术后谵妄发生情况;应用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析术后谵妄发生的影响因素。结果152例心脏瓣膜置换术患者有36例发生术后谵妄,发生率为23.68%。观察A组和观察B组患者术后谵妄发生率分别为38.16%(29/76)、9.21%(7/76),观察A组患者术后谵妄发生率显著高于观察B组(χ^(2)=17.617,P<0.05)。性别、BMI、合并糖尿病、合并高血压、合并冠状动脉性心脏病、合并认知障碍、合并睡眠障碍、合并营养障碍、合并焦虑、合并抑郁、吸烟史、饮酒史、术中低氧血症、术中低蛋白血症、术后急性肾损伤、二次插管、大量输血、手术方式与患者术后谵妄发生无关(P>0.05);年龄、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、术前心功能不全、过度疼痛、术后LVEF、CPB时间与患者术后谵妄发生相关(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥60岁、术前心功能不全、过度疼痛、CPB时间≥100 min是患者术后谵妄发生的危险因素(P<0.05),术后LVEF≥50%、丙泊酚镇静深度35≤BIS<45是患者术后谵妄发生的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论丙泊酚镇静深度为35≤BIS<45、术后LVEF≥50%可有效降低患者CPB下心脏瓣膜置换术后谵妄的发生风险,年龄≥60岁、术前心功能不全、过度疼痛、CPB时间≥100 min会增加患者术后谵妄的发生风险。

新型冠状病毒感染后择期心脏外科手术时机的选择:单中心回顾性队列研究

目的 评估近期新冠病毒感染后择期体外循环下心脏外科手术的安全性,并探讨手术的最佳时机。方法 采用回顾性队列研究设计,纳入了2023年2月7日至3月9日接受择期体外循环下心脏外科手术的近期有新冠病毒感染成年患者。根据感染至手术的间隔时间,将患者分为术前新冠病毒感染≤8周和> 8周两组,比较临床资料和术后结局。采用多元线性回归和亚组分析确定与患者结局相关的因素。结果 共纳入415例患者,其中79例(19.0%)术前新冠病毒感染≤8周。≤8周组的患者表现出较长的机械通气时间[7(5,11)h vs.6(5,8)h,P=0.02]、术后胸腔引流总量增加[961(680,1405)ml vs.800(533,1 102)ml,P=0.003]、重症监护室住院时间[48(24,72)h vs.24(24,48)h,P=0.012]和住院时间[13(10,15)d vs.11(9,14)d,P=0.041]延长。对于60岁及以上患者的重症监护室住院时间和住院时长的影响更大。结论 大多数患者可以在新冠病毒感染后安全地进行择期体外循环下心脏手术。8周内新冠病毒感染可能与患者延长的ICU时间和住院时间相关联。

急性主动脉夹层合并新型冠状病毒感染患者行急诊心脏外科手术的临床预后分析

目的探讨新型冠状病毒(新冠)感染对急性主动脉夹层患者急诊心脏外科手术围术期的相关影响。方法连续收集北京安贞医院2022年12月11日至2023年1月30日急诊体外循环下行主动脉夹层手术患者,根据围术期是否感染新冠病毒,分为感染组和非感染组,比较两组患者围术期临床资料和术后结局。结果共纳入55例患者,其中感染组17例(31%),非感染组38例(69%)。感染组较非感染组患者术前合并冠心病[5例(29.4%)vs.2例(5.3%),P=0.017]、术后气管切开[2例(11.8%)vs.0(0%),P=0.033]比例更高,差异有统计学意义。感染组术后肺部感染、持续性肾替代治疗(CRRT)、脑卒中比例更高,住院时长、ICU时间和机械通气时间更长,但差异均无统计学意义。结论急性主动脉夹层合并新冠感染患者行体外循环下急诊心脏外科手术预后良好,但感染组术后肺部感染、CRRT、脑卒中等并发症发生率较非感染组有增高的趋势,因此应加强此类患者围术期管理,积极防治肺、肾、脑等并发症,预防继发性感染及急性栓塞事件,改善患者预后。

超声引导技术在小切口微创心脏手术建立外周体外循环中的应用价值

目的探讨超声引导技术在小切口微创心脏手术经右颈内静脉穿刺置管及股动静脉解剖置管建立外周体外循环中的应用价值。方法分析2021年8月至2022年12月西安交通大学第一附属医院收治的436例进行小切口微创心脏手术患者的临床资料,根据置管过程中是否使用超声引导技术将研究对象分为对照组(给予传统方式置管,102例)和观察组(给予超声引导技术辅助下置管,334例)。比较分析两组患者经右颈内静脉穿刺置管的情况以及相关并发症发生率。比较分析两组患者股动静脉解剖置管的情况以及相关并发症发生率。结果观察组患者经右颈内静脉穿刺置管的穿刺置管成功率高于对照组,置管时间、穿刺困难发生率、误入颈内动脉发生率均短于或低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者股动静脉解剖置管的置管时间、解剖困难发生率、导管位置异常发生率均短于或低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声引导技术应用于小切口微创心脏手术经右颈内静脉穿刺置管及股动静脉解剖置管建立外周体外循环中,能提高穿刺置管成功率,缩短置管时间,减少导管位置异常、误入颈内动脉等并发症的发生。

基于文献计量学分析体外循环目标导向灌注研究热点

目的量化关于心脏手术体外循环目标导向灌注(GDP)相关学术论文的基本信息,探索关于GDP研究领域的研究热点、趋势及最具有影响力的论文,为研究人员及临床工作者提供参考。方法利用科学网(Web of Science)检索GDP相关文献,使用R语言数据包Bibliometrix对文献的发表年代、期刊来源及期刊所属国家、高频关键词的分布情况进行统计分析,并进行聚类分析,得到该GDP研究领域关注热点。结果筛选出GDP相关文献116篇,获得该领域研究热度趋势、来源期刊分布、各国研究热度等数据资料。高频关键词共计15个,通过对高频关键词进行聚类分析,得到3个主要研究热点方向。关于GDP研究领域的热点有氧供指数、氧耗监测、组织灌注监测等。结论GDP研究热点主要为GDP研究内容和技术、对象、临床结局。基于文献计量学的研究方法,本研究提供较为全面的关于GDP研究领域发展的分析总结,未来该领域的氧供与氧耗监测与调控仍可能是热门研究方向。

支链氨基酸代谢物对风湿性心脏瓣膜病体外循环术后低心排血量的预测价值

目的:探讨支链氨基酸代谢物对风湿性心脏瓣膜病病人行体外循环术后发生低心排血量事件的预测价值。方法:选取2019年1月—2022年1月我院收治的风湿性心脏瓣膜病病人154例作为研究对象,根据体外循环术后是否出现低心排血量,将病人分为低心排血量组(52例)和非低心排血量组(102例)。对比分析两组病人情况,多因素Logistic回归分析低心排血量事件的影响因素。Cox比例风险模型调整混杂变量,分析支链氨基酸代谢物和传统标志物与低心排血量事件的关联性。GRACE风险评分探讨支链氨基酸和传统标志物结合后对低心排血量的预测能力。Cox回归评价支链氨基酸代谢物和传统标志物之间的交互作用。建立回归方程y=1-1/(1+e-z)预测模型并进行验证。结果:脑钠肽、肌钙蛋白I、亮氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸等是低心排血量事件的独立危险因素。随着脑钠肽、肌钙蛋白I、亮氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸水平的升高,与低心排血量事件的关联效应也更强。支链氨基酸代谢物和传统标志物结合,会提高GRACE风险评分对低心排血量的预测能力。异亮氨酸联合脑钠肽前体对低心排血量事件的预测效应最高。经Bootstrap自抽样,预测模型区分度、准确度较好。结论:支链氨基酸代谢物和低心排血量密切相关。支链氨基酸代谢物加入传统标志物中,会提高对低心排血量的预测能力,有助于改善风湿性心脏瓣膜病病人预后。

Time Course of Elevations in Plasma Olprinone Concentration during Pediatric Cardiac Surgery

Purpose: Little research has been reported to date on the usefulness of olprinone in pediatric cardiac surgery, and no standard pediatric infusion protocol is currently established. Our study sought to confirm that the regimen described herein rapidly achieves the requisite plasma olprinone concentrations. Methods: For the purposes of our study, we enrolled 13 patients: 7 biventricular repair candidates and 6 Fontan-type operation candidates. We administered a continuous infusion of olprinone to our study subjects at 0.3 μg/kg/min with no loading dose starting approximately 30 minutes (min) before weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We performed blood sampling at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after the start of infusion and at the same elapsed intervals after separation from CPB. We measured plasma olprinone concentrations using ultra-fast liquid chromatography. Results: We observed effective plasma olpri-none concentrations (>20 ng/ml) at 30 min after weaning from CPB, or at 60 min after the start of infusion. Conclusion: We conclude that continuous olprinone infusion at 0.3 μg/kg/min without a loading dose initiated immediately after the release of aortic cross-clamping or immediately after the completion of all surgical procedures quickly and reliably achieves effective plasma concentrations.

血栓弹力图在婴幼儿心脏手术中的临床应用与研究进展

血栓弹力图(TEG)已被推荐用于指导成人心脏手术围术期血液制品使用,其在婴幼儿复杂先天性心脏病手术中的应用及临床研究还十分有限。通过回顾近年相关临床研究,介绍TEG的基本概念、监测指标及临床意义,并对TEG在婴幼儿心脏手术中的应用及研究进展进行综述,为其进一步的临床实施提供指导依据。

急性感染性心内膜炎患者体外循环下心脏瓣膜置换时机的临床价值

目的探究急性感染性心内膜炎(AIE)患者体外循环下心脏瓣膜置换术(CVR)时机的临床价值。方法选取2020年1月—2022年1月邯郸市中心医院98例AIE患者,根据治疗时间分为两组,早期组于AIE确诊1周内进行体外循环下CVR,延期组于AIE确诊1周后进行体外循环下CVR。观察两组手术治疗情况、经食管超声心动图(TEE)相关指标[中心静脉压(CVP)、心排血指数(CI)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)]、凝血纤溶系统指标[凝血酶原时间(PT)、抗凝血酶Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)、纤维蛋白(FIB)、部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、D-二聚体(D-D)]、炎症因子[白细胞介素(IL)-18、IL-1β]、外周血单核细胞焦亡相关蛋白[NOD样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)、半胱氨酸天冬酶-1(Caspase-1)、消皮素D(GSDMD)]、住院期间术后并发症发生率、术后1年病死率。结果早期组术后住院时间较延期组短(t=4.443,P<0.05);术后3、7 d两组CVP较术前下降,CI及LVEF较术前升高(P<0.05);术后3、7 d两组FIB、D-D较术前下降,早期组FIB、D-D低于延期组(P<0.05);术后3 d两组IL-18、IL-1β较术前升高,术后7 d两组IL-18、IL-1β较术后3 d下降(P<0.05);术后3 d两组NLRP3、Caspase-1、GSDMD蛋白表达较术前升高,术后7 d两组NLRP3、Caspase-1、GSDMD蛋白表达较术后3 d下降(P<0.05);早期组住院期间术后并发症发生率低于延期组,术后1年病死率低于延期组(P<0.05)。结论AIE患者行体外循环下CVR可减轻患者术后炎症反应,促进术后心功能、凝血纤溶系统恢复,但早期进行手术效果较好,可减少患者术后并发症发生率,降低病死率。