In China, the total annual production of cultured Laminaria japonica reached half million tons in dry weight there few years. The routine sporeling culture technique conducted in the greenhouse took at least three and...In China, the total annual production of cultured Laminaria japonica reached half million tons in dry weight there few years. The routine sporeling culture technique conducted in the greenhouse took at least three and half months. In such a case, sometimes the sporelings died within a few days due to destructive diseases. In Order to overcome the mentioned problems, a new sporeling culture technique, the clone technique, is developed. The method includes three stead: (1) Gametophyte clone culture. The spores and the gametophytes are cloned in flasks under favorable environments. (2) Sporeling cul ture. Male and female clones are crushed and spread onto a frame to allow the gametophytes to attach to the substrata. The frames are cultured in tanks, and the sporophytes reach 1 cm in length within one and a half months. (3) Outgrowing of the plant. The frames are put in the open sea when seawater temperature decreased to 20℃. After one month, the sporelings are large enough to be transplanted. It is concluded that the clone technique has the following advantages: (1)Large amount of clones can be produced in a short period of time. (2) Clone seeding method makes it free from the biological rhythm, one can seed the plant anytime all the year round. (3) It takes only one and a half months to complete the process of sporeling cultivation in the greenhouse. At present, this technique is used in the breeding of new strains of Laminaria.展开更多
By scanning and transmission electron microscopy, leukemlc celb were obwrved after CFU-Mix culture. Even though granulocytlc growth factor, erythropoietin and lymphocytlc growth factor were added at vitor, acute leuke...By scanning and transmission electron microscopy, leukemlc celb were obwrved after CFU-Mix culture. Even though granulocytlc growth factor, erythropoietin and lymphocytlc growth factor were added at vitor, acute leukemlc celb still showed defects In differentiation and maturation. These were characterized by abnormal colony which consisted of smooth cells, bizarre shape, nuclear-cytoplasmic asynchrony In development, and appearance of nuclear bleb. However, chronic myelogenous leukemlc celb were more nature than the acute ones, manifesting in normal colony with finger- like projections and ruffled membrane. Macrophages and eosinophils could be observed. It b suggested that there b a difference In differentiation between acute and chronic leukemia cells.展开更多
As an insufficiently utilized energy resource,oil shale is conducive to the formation of characteristic microbial communities due to its special geological origins.However,little is known about fungal diversity in oil...As an insufficiently utilized energy resource,oil shale is conducive to the formation of characteristic microbial communities due to its special geological origins.However,little is known about fungal diversity in oil shale.Polymerase chain reaction cloning was used to construct the fungal ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid internal transcribed spacer（r DNA ITS）clone libraries of Huadian Mine in Jilin Province,Maoming Mine in Guangdong Province,and Fushun Mine in Liaoning Province.Pure culture and molecular identification were applied for the isolation of cultivable fungi in fresh oil shale of each mine.Results of clone libraries indicated that each mine had over 50% Ascomycota（58.4%–98.9%）and 1.1%–13.5%unidentified fungi.Fushun Mine and Huadian Mine had 5.9% and 28.1% Basidiomycota,respectively.Huadian Mine showed the highest fungal diversity,followed by Fushun Mine and Maoming Mine.Jaccard indexes showed that the similarities between any two of three fungal communities at the genus level were very low,indicating that fungi in each mine developed independently during the long geological adaptation and formed a community composition fitting the environment.In the fresh oil-shale samples of the three mines,cultivable fungal phyla were consistent with the results of clone libraries.Fifteen genera and several unidentified fungi were identified as Ascomycota and Basidiomycota using pure culture.Penicillium was the only genus found in all three mines.These findings contributed to gaining a clear understanding of current fungal resources in major oil-shale mines in China and provided useful information for relevant studies on isolation of indigenous fungi carrying functional genes from oil shale.展开更多
基金Key Project, the Ninth Five-Year Plan of China! 96-008-01-02-06Project of Bio-Engineering Center of China! SSTC 96-C01-05-01
文摘In China, the total annual production of cultured Laminaria japonica reached half million tons in dry weight there few years. The routine sporeling culture technique conducted in the greenhouse took at least three and half months. In such a case, sometimes the sporelings died within a few days due to destructive diseases. In Order to overcome the mentioned problems, a new sporeling culture technique, the clone technique, is developed. The method includes three stead: (1) Gametophyte clone culture. The spores and the gametophytes are cloned in flasks under favorable environments. (2) Sporeling cul ture. Male and female clones are crushed and spread onto a frame to allow the gametophytes to attach to the substrata. The frames are cultured in tanks, and the sporophytes reach 1 cm in length within one and a half months. (3) Outgrowing of the plant. The frames are put in the open sea when seawater temperature decreased to 20℃. After one month, the sporelings are large enough to be transplanted. It is concluded that the clone technique has the following advantages: (1)Large amount of clones can be produced in a short period of time. (2) Clone seeding method makes it free from the biological rhythm, one can seed the plant anytime all the year round. (3) It takes only one and a half months to complete the process of sporeling cultivation in the greenhouse. At present, this technique is used in the breeding of new strains of Laminaria.
文摘By scanning and transmission electron microscopy, leukemlc celb were obwrved after CFU-Mix culture. Even though granulocytlc growth factor, erythropoietin and lymphocytlc growth factor were added at vitor, acute leukemlc celb still showed defects In differentiation and maturation. These were characterized by abnormal colony which consisted of smooth cells, bizarre shape, nuclear-cytoplasmic asynchrony In development, and appearance of nuclear bleb. However, chronic myelogenous leukemlc celb were more nature than the acute ones, manifesting in normal colony with finger- like projections and ruffled membrane. Macrophages and eosinophils could be observed. It b suggested that there b a difference In differentiation between acute and chronic leukemia cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51204055)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.N130420002)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(20100481205)
文摘As an insufficiently utilized energy resource,oil shale is conducive to the formation of characteristic microbial communities due to its special geological origins.However,little is known about fungal diversity in oil shale.Polymerase chain reaction cloning was used to construct the fungal ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid internal transcribed spacer（r DNA ITS）clone libraries of Huadian Mine in Jilin Province,Maoming Mine in Guangdong Province,and Fushun Mine in Liaoning Province.Pure culture and molecular identification were applied for the isolation of cultivable fungi in fresh oil shale of each mine.Results of clone libraries indicated that each mine had over 50% Ascomycota（58.4%–98.9%）and 1.1%–13.5%unidentified fungi.Fushun Mine and Huadian Mine had 5.9% and 28.1% Basidiomycota,respectively.Huadian Mine showed the highest fungal diversity,followed by Fushun Mine and Maoming Mine.Jaccard indexes showed that the similarities between any two of three fungal communities at the genus level were very low,indicating that fungi in each mine developed independently during the long geological adaptation and formed a community composition fitting the environment.In the fresh oil-shale samples of the three mines,cultivable fungal phyla were consistent with the results of clone libraries.Fifteen genera and several unidentified fungi were identified as Ascomycota and Basidiomycota using pure culture.Penicillium was the only genus found in all three mines.These findings contributed to gaining a clear understanding of current fungal resources in major oil-shale mines in China and provided useful information for relevant studies on isolation of indigenous fungi carrying functional genes from oil shale.
