A Study on the Structural Contradictions in the US-Turkey Alliance Relations

After the Cold War and especially since the Justice and Development Party administration led by Erdogan,the US-Turkey alliance relations have declined.The two countries have sharp structural contradictions on a series of issues.Due to the profound geopolitical landscape changes,the interdependence on security and defense between the United States and Turkey has been severely weakened,leading to significant divergence in threat definition and pursuit of interests.Turkey has continuously enhanced its diplomatic autonomy,seeking to change its weak position in the original alliance relations,and striving to become a regional leader.These structural contradictions inevitably trigger the hedging of policies and interests between the United States and Turkey.

On Daniel Bell's The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism

This article makes a brief introduces to Daniel Bell's The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism which explores how a bourgeois economy coexists with an anti-bourgeois culture. This article is comprised of four parts including the concept of culture、the disjunction of three realms(economics, politics and culture)、the cultural contradictions of capitalism and the evaluation on Daniel Bell's theory. It offers a close look into the inner relation between different spheres in the capitalist society illustrated in Bell's book, and Bell's theory in terms of cultural contradictions of capitalism will be concretely elaborated.

Changes in the Features of Major Contradictions

Immediately after humanity entered the new century,the worldseems somewhat a bit turbulent because of the following events.First are the September 11 events,which were followed by U.S.militaryattacks against Afghanistan.Last year witnessed the continuity of Arab-Israel conflicts in the Middle East,and at the very beginning of the newyear,the United States dispatched warships to the Persian Gulf for a“war to topple the Saddam regime”.The Democratic People’s Republicof Korea(DPRK)suddenly declared that it has decided to withdraw fromthe Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty just after Iraq stated that it wasdetermined to resist the United States.Whither the world in the new year?This is a question that all of the academic circles on international relationsare trying to answer.To this end,on January 9,2002,we speciallyinvited Lu Zhongwei,Research Professor and President of China Instituteof Contemporary International Relations and some other experts oninternational relations from the institute to hold a symposium with the theme“Prospect on World Trend 2003.”Now we present their discussions as anew-year gift to our readers who are always in support of our journal.Wehope this would do a bit for their mastery of international situation.

Iraq War and Principal contradictions in World Politics

Nobody denies that the Iraq war launched by America is a local war that is of global influence and beyond the anti-terror campaign. The various contentions among major world political powers before and after the war reveal that the world strategic structure that is changing since the end of the Cold War has gone through another grave impact after the 9/11 events. The paper does not want to make an

Possibilities and Contradictions of Nanotechnology Applications in Preventive Activities Insurer

One effective and proven tool for managing risk is insurance. At the same time, insurers, reinsurers, insurance, and reinsurance brokers in search of the relevant value of their services in the eyes of insured and long-term benefits are increasingly paying attention to the possibilities of nanotechnology. On one hand, insurers see unlimited possibilities of nanotechnology in preventive and repressive activity in relation to losses. The obstacle in this case, for high-tech companies, is stiff competition from companies which are not innovation leaders, but with the necessary influence and power at the international and national market. On the other hand, understanding the reasons for the application of nanotechnology in the conflict prevention activities of the insurer allows him to develop and implement a more flexible strategy for sustainable development of the business.

Unprecedented Emergence of the World Structural Contradictions

In recent years, profound and complex transformations in the world order have emerged on the global landscape, which are marked by the following attributes. First, strategic tension between the major powers,namely China and the US, is unfolding in a more notable way than ever before. Second, conflicts between the public and private enterprises in the economic sector are deepening. Third, globalization is at the crossroad,featuring contradictions between nationalism and globalism. Last,uncertainties of the future world reflect also in the debates over conflicting concepts and ideologies.

Defining Landscape： Resolving Contradictions at Postcolonial Omhedi, the Oukwanyama Royal Palace, Namibia

The history of Omhedi in north-central Namibia is not simply about place but is a site that internalizes conflictual and contradictory social forces which are inscribed in place. While Omhedi was a contested site of conflict during the war of liberation and served as a stage for ethnographic tours and photography, it has in post-colonial period come to represent a segment of important local power as it is currently the seat of the new Oukwanyama kingship. The central aim of this paper is to explain the transformation of Omhedi as a site of＂spectacles＂ of culture during the colonial period and as the seat of Oukwanyama monarchy in post-colonial Namibia. It centrally asks how the colonial politics of the time influenced the way Omhedi was organized and accessed and the ways in which people attach meaning to and organize a sense of space and place in the postcolonial era. This paper is significant as it explores how political legitimacy can be reactivated at such a contradictory site of＂traditional＂ power like Omhedi and what meanings these hold in terms of access in postcolonial Namibia. I conclude by raising issues of the past with the restoration of the Oukwanyama monarchy and its installation at Omhedi after independence, posing key questions about shifts in political legitimacy in both the colony and the post-colony. My analysis utilizes theories on the important use of landscape as a physical ＂space＂ for living, but also as a ＂place＂ with its meanings and contributions to societal identity. Consequently the place identity is a particular element contributing to sense of place. I argue that there exists a sense of nostalgia that many Ovakwanyama people have for a precolonial past, and the Omhedi landscape serves that purpose. In analyzing these sentiments against the construction of Omhedi as a space and place, this highlights a sense of identity and belonging that many Ovakwanyama people have towards Omhedi in default of any site with deeper legitimation or authenticity.

China's Agricultural Development: Structural Contradictions and Policy Transition

The primary contradiction facing China's agricultural development has shifted from the previous undersupply to structural contradictions. This paper dissects these structural contradictions in terms of sectoral structure, product structure, organizational structure, technical structure, trade structure and spatial structure. Since reform and opening-up in 1978, China has followed a growth-oriented agricultural policy to ensure steady yield increase. Indeed, this policy has effectively increased the output of agricultural produce, safeguarded national food security, and enhanced agricultural production capabilities. However, China's agriculture is yet to become internationally competitive, increase efficiency and farmers' income, and improve the quality and safety of agricultural produce. As China's agricultural development enters into a new stage of comprehensive transition and upgrade, it is essential for China's agricultural policy to shift from the progrowth policy characterized by the dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides to an efficiency and quality-oriented policy that pursues green agriculture.

Political Reform in Brazil and Contradictions in the Legal Understanding of Party Loyalty

The Superior Electoral Court anticipated the political reform with the creation of party loyalty, reproduced in infra constitutional legislation by Law n°. 13.165/2015. The change in the electoral system allows imagine the foundation of a State Parties in Brazilian democracy. Although most constitutions incorporate the virtual mandate idea, or representative, according thought of Burke and Sieyes, the democratic legitimacy requires control mechanisms and accountability of representatives to the population, including legal. It takes up to the imperative mandate, not in Rousseauian molds, but tied to party guidelines, founding party mandates. The ownership of the mandate by the political party moves towards the strengthening of key players who are partisan associations in the electoral process. On the other hand, it is not obvious that political parties meet the necessary conditions for the establishment of an imperative mandate tied to party deliberations, since patent oligarchic and bureaucratic character of much of them, whose process of deliberation and choice of leaders and political positions do not require internal democracy. This reflection induces the political and party system to wonder if the role they playing in democracy helps to combat political inequality or strength it, by analyzing the dynamics of party migration in Brazil.

TWO PAIRS OF STRUCTURAL CONTRADICTIONS IN CHINA-US-LATIN AMERICA RELATIONS： HOW TO VIEW THEM

Before his multi-stop visit to Mexico, Argentina, Peru, Colombia and Jamaica in Latin America and the Caribbean （LAC） early February 2018, then U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson released many signals for Latin America. Especially in his remarks at the University of Texas at Austin, he portrayed the presence of China and Russia in LAC as a ＂new imperial power＂ and called on nations of Latin America and the Caribbean to review and reassess China-LAC relations. By identifying China and Russia as critical reference variables for future U.S.- Latin America relations, he obviously went beyond the bilateral level of U.S.- Latin relations and implied the important changes in U.S. policy toward LAC that pressured by growing influence of extra-regional actors in LAC, the United States might strengthen its diplomatic efforts in LAC to maintain and consolidate its dominance in the region.

Major Contradictions in China's Current Employment Sector and Countermeasures

In the six decades since the founding of the People’s Republic,especially in the more than three decades since the reform andopening-up,China has achieved remarkable success in its employment sector.However,there are still many contradictionsstanding in the way of an employment enlargement-oriented development strategy,for example,contradictions betweeneconomic growth and employment growth,between the heavy industry-oriented national economy and employmentenlargement,between rural labor transfer and the mounting urban employment pressure and between 'hard to find jobs'and 'shortage of skilled workers'.Only when we carefully analyze underlying reasons for these contradictions can wedevelop corrective employment expansion strategies.

Key bottlenecks and distinct contradictions in fast commercialization of perovskite solar cells

Despite significant improvements in photo-electricity conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)over the past several years,this emerging photovoltaic technology is still years away from large-scale commercial application.In this review,important research progresses on PSCs’‘golden triangle’parameters of efficiency,stability,and cost in literatures were objectively analyzed.We focused on their key bottlenecks and distinct contradictions hindering their fast commercialization.We also proposed the most urgent directions requiring intensive research and development input in the coming years to speed up the commercialization process of PSCs.

Fuzzy-Inverse-Model-Based Networked Tracking Control Frameworks of Time-Varying Signals

Dear Editor,Tracking control in networked environment is a very challenging problem due to the contradiction of rapid response to the time-varying signal and the inevitable delay introduced by networks. This letter has proposed several fuzzy-inverse-model-based network tracking control frameworks which are helpful in handling the system with nonlinear dynamics and uncertainties.

Economic Security and Japan’s Economic Diplomacy Strategy in Southeast Asia

Japan is increasingly emphasizing its economic security strategy and has included shaping and maintaining economic rules and order in its newly revised national security strategy.It is carrying out economic diplomacy in Southeast Asia through maintaining the economic influence of the Japan-US alliance,weakening China’s economic influence,and shaping Japan’s strategic autonomy.However,there are notable difficulties reconciling some contradictions in Japan’s diplomatic drives,as its strategic capacity may be insufficient to maintain balanced relations among China,the United States and ASEAN.

How to Prove Riemann Conjecture by Riemann’s Four Theorems

Riemann (1859) had proved four theorems: analytic continuation ζ(s), functional equation ξ(z)=G(s)ζ(s)(s=1/2+iz, z=t−i(σ−1/2)), product expression ξ1(z)and Riemann-Siegel formula Z(z), and proposed Riemann conjecture (RC): All roots of ξ(z)are real. We have calculated ξand ζ, and found that ξ(z)is alternative oscillation, which intuitively implies RC, and the property of ζ(s)is not good. Therefore Riemann’s direction is correct, but he used the same notation ξ(t)=ξ1(t)to confuse two concepts. So the product expression only can be used in contraction. We find that if ξhas complex roots, then its structure is destroyed, so RC holds. In our proof, using Riemann’s four theorems is sufficient, needn’t cite other results. Hilbert (1900) proposed Riemann hypothesis (RH): The non-trivial roots of ζhave real part 1/2. Of course, RH also holds, but can not be proved directly by ζ(s).

The Contradiction between “Soul” and “Body” in André Gide’s Pastoral Symphony

André Gide is one of the most important writers in the history of French literature in the 20th century.His works are highly distinctive:on the one hand,there is strong coherence and beautiful language between his works,which gives them a strong musicality.On the other hand,his works delve deeper into the struggle between the“soul”and the“body”under the oppression of“religious concepts”,which is most evident in one of his representative works:Pastoral Symphony.This article will analyze and explore the contradiction between“soul”and“body”reflected in the work of“Pastoral Symphony”from three aspects:“modernity”,“aesthetics”,and“characters’prototypes”.

Existing contradictions and problems in China’s current economic and social development

Since the 18th National Congress of Communist Party of China(CPC),China has made important achievements and headway in economic and social development.However,now more than ever the focus should be on the conflicts and problems that continue to exist in China’s economy.This paper examines six of them:(1)lack of a firm foundation for sustaining steady economic growth;(2)risks and hidden dangers in the financial,banking,and real estate sectors and massive overcapacity in some industries;(3)increasing difficulty in increasing agricultural production and raising rural incomes;(4)severe air,water,and soil pollution in certain regions and the arduous task of energy conservation and emissions reduction;(5)major structural problems constraining employment;and(6)issues of people’s livelihood that have been the source of dissatisfaction for many Chinese citizens.

Sexual Equality, Contradictions Between Beliefs and Reality

"The Beijing Area Study" (BAS) is a large-scale social investigation and research project planned and implemented by the Beijing University Research Centre for Contemporary China together with the Beijing Municipal Government Policy Research Office. The purpose of the survey is to understand the attitudes of Beijing residents towards the changing social atmosphere under a market economy. It also includes some questions related to women’s issues.This BAS survey questions people between the ages of 18 and 70, and is carried out once a year, in order to keep a current database.