Recent molecular cytogenetic studies demonstrate that extensive centromere-telomere fusions are the main chromosomal rearrangements underlying the karyotypic evolution of extant muntjacs. Although the molecular mechan...Recent molecular cytogenetic studies demonstrate that extensive centromere-telomere fusions are the main chromosomal rearrangements underlying the karyotypic evolution of extant muntjacs. Although the molecular mechanism of tandem fusions remains unknown, satellite DNA is believed to have facilitated chromosome fusions by non-allelic homologous recombination. Previous studies detected non-random hybridization signals of cloned satellite DNA at the postulated fusion sites on the chromosomes in Indian and Chinese muntjacs. But the genomic distribution and organization of satellite DNAs in other muntjacs have not been investigated. In this study, we have isolated four satellite DNA clones （BMCS, BM700, BM 1.1 k and FM700） from the black muntjac （Muntiacus crinifrons） and Fea＇s muntjac （M. feae）, and hybridized these four clones onto chromosomes of four muntjac species （M. reevesi, M. crinifrons, M. gongshanenisis and M. feae）. Besides the predominant centromeric signals, non-random interstitial hybridization signals from satellite I and II DNA clones （BMC5, BM700 and FM700） were also observed on the arms of chromosomes of these four muntjacs. Our results provide additional support for the notion that the karyotypes of M. crinifrons, M. feae and M. gongshanensis have evolved from a 2n = 70 ancestral karyotype by a series of chromosome fusions.展开更多
研究证实,在基因的表观遗传调控中DNA甲基化起着至关重要的作用。而DNA甲基转移酶(DNMT)催化DNA甲基化,这是DNA甲基化模式形成和保持的必要条件。在哺乳动物细胞中,有三种关键的DNMT负责着不同的任务。首先是DNMT1,负责维持DNA的甲基化...研究证实,在基因的表观遗传调控中DNA甲基化起着至关重要的作用。而DNA甲基转移酶(DNMT)催化DNA甲基化,这是DNA甲基化模式形成和保持的必要条件。在哺乳动物细胞中,有三种关键的DNMT负责着不同的任务。首先是DNMT1,负责维持DNA的甲基化状态,保持细胞功能正常运转。而另外两种则是DNMT3a和DNMT3b,它们则负责推动DNA从头开始的甲基化过程。目前,急性髓系白血病(AML)的病因仍无法完全阐明。通过研究发现,异常的表观遗传学变化与AML的发病密切相关。深入探讨DNA甲基化与AML之间的联系,将为治疗这种疾病和开发新药物提供关键的分子靶点。这一领域的突破将为医学界带来新的希望,为患者提供更有效的治疗方案。Research has confirmed that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in the epigenetic regulation of genes. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) catalyzes DNA methylation, which is a necessary condition for the formation and maintenance of DNA methylation patterns. In mammalian cells, there are three key DNMTs responsible for different tasks. Firstly, DNMT1 is responsible for maintaining the methylation status of DNA and ensuring the normal functioning of cells. The other two are DNMT3a and DNMT3b, which are responsible for driving the DNA methylation process from scratch. At present, the etiology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cannot be fully elucidated. Through research, it has been found that abnormal epigenetic changes are closely related to the onset of AML. Exploring the relationship between DNA methylation and AML in depth will provide key molecular targets for the treatment of this disease and the development of new drugs. Breakthroughs in this field will bring new hope to the medical community and provide more effective treatment options for patients.展开更多
基金the grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30270719)
文摘Recent molecular cytogenetic studies demonstrate that extensive centromere-telomere fusions are the main chromosomal rearrangements underlying the karyotypic evolution of extant muntjacs. Although the molecular mechanism of tandem fusions remains unknown, satellite DNA is believed to have facilitated chromosome fusions by non-allelic homologous recombination. Previous studies detected non-random hybridization signals of cloned satellite DNA at the postulated fusion sites on the chromosomes in Indian and Chinese muntjacs. But the genomic distribution and organization of satellite DNAs in other muntjacs have not been investigated. In this study, we have isolated four satellite DNA clones （BMCS, BM700, BM 1.1 k and FM700） from the black muntjac （Muntiacus crinifrons） and Fea＇s muntjac （M. feae）, and hybridized these four clones onto chromosomes of four muntjac species （M. reevesi, M. crinifrons, M. gongshanenisis and M. feae）. Besides the predominant centromeric signals, non-random interstitial hybridization signals from satellite I and II DNA clones （BMC5, BM700 and FM700） were also observed on the arms of chromosomes of these four muntjacs. Our results provide additional support for the notion that the karyotypes of M. crinifrons, M. feae and M. gongshanensis have evolved from a 2n = 70 ancestral karyotype by a series of chromosome fusions.
文摘研究证实,在基因的表观遗传调控中DNA甲基化起着至关重要的作用。而DNA甲基转移酶(DNMT)催化DNA甲基化,这是DNA甲基化模式形成和保持的必要条件。在哺乳动物细胞中,有三种关键的DNMT负责着不同的任务。首先是DNMT1,负责维持DNA的甲基化状态,保持细胞功能正常运转。而另外两种则是DNMT3a和DNMT3b,它们则负责推动DNA从头开始的甲基化过程。目前,急性髓系白血病(AML)的病因仍无法完全阐明。通过研究发现,异常的表观遗传学变化与AML的发病密切相关。深入探讨DNA甲基化与AML之间的联系,将为治疗这种疾病和开发新药物提供关键的分子靶点。这一领域的突破将为医学界带来新的希望,为患者提供更有效的治疗方案。Research has confirmed that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in the epigenetic regulation of genes. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) catalyzes DNA methylation, which is a necessary condition for the formation and maintenance of DNA methylation patterns. In mammalian cells, there are three key DNMTs responsible for different tasks. Firstly, DNMT1 is responsible for maintaining the methylation status of DNA and ensuring the normal functioning of cells. The other two are DNMT3a and DNMT3b, which are responsible for driving the DNA methylation process from scratch. At present, the etiology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cannot be fully elucidated. Through research, it has been found that abnormal epigenetic changes are closely related to the onset of AML. Exploring the relationship between DNA methylation and AML in depth will provide key molecular targets for the treatment of this disease and the development of new drugs. Breakthroughs in this field will bring new hope to the medical community and provide more effective treatment options for patients.
