This paper examines the effect of the microstructure and electrical conductivity(EC)on the swelling ratio and pressure in red-bed mudstone sampled from arid areas in the Xining region in the northeastern Tibetan Plate...This paper examines the effect of the microstructure and electrical conductivity(EC)on the swelling ratio and pressure in red-bed mudstone sampled from arid areas in the Xining region in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.A series of laboratory tests,including swelling experiments,X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscope(SEM),was carried out for mechanical and microstructural analysis.The coupled influence of the EC and microstructural parameters on the expansion ratio and pressure was investigated,and the weight coefficients were discussed by the entropy weight method.The results revealed an increasing exponential trend in EC,and the maximum swelling speed occurred at an EC of approximately 10 μS/cm.In addition,a method for predicting the expansion potential is proposed based on the microstructure,and its reliability is verified by comparing with swelling experimental results.In addition,according to the image analysis results,the ranges of the change in the clay minerals content(CMC),the fractal dimension(FD),the average diameter(AD)of pores,and the plane porosity(PP)are 23.75%-53%,1.08-1.17,7.53-22.45 mm,and 0.62%-1.25%,respectively.Moreover,mudstone swelling is negatively correlated with the plane porosity,fractal dimension and average diameter and is linearly correlated with the clay mineral content.Furthermore,the weight values prove that the microstructural characteristics,including FD,AD,and PP,are the main factors influencing the expansion properties of red-bed mudstones in the Xining region.Based on the combination of macro and micro-analyses,a quantitative analysis of the swelling process of mudstones can provide a better reference for understanding the mechanism of expansion behavior.展开更多
The conversion of solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel through water splitting is an emerging strategy for efficiently storing solar energy in the form of solar fuel.This aligns with the increasing global deman...The conversion of solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel through water splitting is an emerging strategy for efficiently storing solar energy in the form of solar fuel.This aligns with the increasing global demand for the development of an ideal energy alternative to fossil fuels that does not emit greenhouse gases.Electrochemical(EC) and photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting technologies have garnered significant attention worldwide for advanced hydrogen solar fuel production in recent decades.To achieve sustainable green H_(2) production,it is essential to create efficient catalyst materials that are low-cost and can replace expensive noble metal-based catalysts.These characteristics make them an ideal catalyst material for the process.Two-dimensional MXenes with M_(n+1)X_(n) structure have been identified as a promising option for EC and PEC water splitting due to their superior hydrophilicity,metal-like conductivity,large surface area,and adjustable surface chemistry.Here,we present a summary of recent advancements in the synthesis and performance enhancement methods for MXene hybrid materials in hydrogen production through EC and PEC water splitting.Furthermore,we examine the challenges and insights associated with the rational design of MXene-based hybrid materials to facilitate efficient water splitting for sustainable solar fuel production.展开更多
基于福建省冬半年沿海和港湾岛屿自动站的逐时极大风观测资料和WRF(Weather Research and Forecast)、EC(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)细网格以及T639(TL639L60)三种模式预报的10 m风场资料,将模式预报...基于福建省冬半年沿海和港湾岛屿自动站的逐时极大风观测资料和WRF(Weather Research and Forecast)、EC(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)细网格以及T639(TL639L60)三种模式预报的10 m风场资料,将模式预报的风向风速与观测资料进行对比检验,结果表明:福建省沿海冬半年大风的盛行风向以东北风为主,大风的时空分布极为不均,沿海风力的脉动性、跳跃性、局地性突出。从三种模式对风速风向的模拟效果来看, WRF和EC细网格的预报效果较好,有可参考性, T639可参考性不高。对于风速,模式预报结果相比实况极大风速偏小,港湾岛屿代表站风速的平均绝对误差均小于沿海代表站,预报平均误差由沿海向内陆逐渐减小,由中部向南北逐渐减小。风向相比风速的预报效果要差, WRF和EC细网格的风向预报误差在45°-50°,有一定的参考意义;港湾岛屿代表站风向的平均绝对误差大于沿海代表站,以浮标站的误差最大。当观测风速出现7级及以上风速时,若对大风进行分级检验,则较低风速的预报平均绝对误差小于较高风速;风向预报的平均绝对误差也大大降低,且误差都在45°以内,具有良好的参考性。展开更多
This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological L...This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological Land Classification (ELC). Based on the combination of relief map, satellite photography for study area and vegetation inventory data of 480 sample sites, a 5-class and a 15-class ecological land type map was concluded according to 4 important factors including slope, aspect, vegetation and elevation. Ecological Classification System (ECS) is a method to identify, characterize, and map ecosystems. The Ecological Land Type (ELT) was examined and applied initially in eastern Jilin Province.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of vegetable oil EC on chemical pesticides. [Method] Cottonseed oil EC and soybean oil EC were mixed with 20% imidacloprid EC and 0.5% avermectin WE re...[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of vegetable oil EC on chemical pesticides. [Method] Cottonseed oil EC and soybean oil EC were mixed with 20% imidacloprid EC and 0.5% avermectin WE respectively, Schizaphis graminum were handled with dipped method,synergistic effects of vegetable oil EC on imidacloprid and avermectin were analyzed. [Result] Cottonseed oil EC and soybean oil EC had obvious synergistic effect on 20% imidacloprid EC and 0.5% avermectin WE. Corrected mortality of 20% imidacloprid EC+cottonseed oil EC(0.10+10.00, 0.10+5.00, 0.10+3.33 and 0.05+10.00 ml/L), 0.5% avermectin WE+cottonseed oil EC(1.00+10.00, 1.00+5.00, 0.50+10.00 and 0.50+5.00 ml/L)and 20% imidacloprid EC+soybean oil EC(0.10+10.00, 0.10+5.00, 0.10+10.00 and 0.05+5.00 ml/L) were all over 90%. [Conclusion] Considered from control effect and economy angle, the mixture of cottonseed oil EC or soybean oil EC with 20% imidacloprid EC, and the mixture of cottonseed oil EC with 0.5% avermectin WE could be used to control S. graminum.展开更多
基金the funding support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42077271)Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(Grant No.2023YFS0364)Chengdu Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2022-YF05-00340-SN).
文摘This paper examines the effect of the microstructure and electrical conductivity(EC)on the swelling ratio and pressure in red-bed mudstone sampled from arid areas in the Xining region in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.A series of laboratory tests,including swelling experiments,X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscope(SEM),was carried out for mechanical and microstructural analysis.The coupled influence of the EC and microstructural parameters on the expansion ratio and pressure was investigated,and the weight coefficients were discussed by the entropy weight method.The results revealed an increasing exponential trend in EC,and the maximum swelling speed occurred at an EC of approximately 10 μS/cm.In addition,a method for predicting the expansion potential is proposed based on the microstructure,and its reliability is verified by comparing with swelling experimental results.In addition,according to the image analysis results,the ranges of the change in the clay minerals content(CMC),the fractal dimension(FD),the average diameter(AD)of pores,and the plane porosity(PP)are 23.75%-53%,1.08-1.17,7.53-22.45 mm,and 0.62%-1.25%,respectively.Moreover,mudstone swelling is negatively correlated with the plane porosity,fractal dimension and average diameter and is linearly correlated with the clay mineral content.Furthermore,the weight values prove that the microstructural characteristics,including FD,AD,and PP,are the main factors influencing the expansion properties of red-bed mudstones in the Xining region.Based on the combination of macro and micro-analyses,a quantitative analysis of the swelling process of mudstones can provide a better reference for understanding the mechanism of expansion behavior.
基金the result of a research project conducted with the funds of the Open R&D program of Korea Electric Power Corporation (R23XO04)supported by the Technology Innovation Program funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea) (K_G012002238601)+2 种基金by “Regional Innovation Strategy (RIS)” through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE) (2021RIS-002)by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2021M3I3A1082880)by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) and the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE) of the Republic of Korea (No. 20224000000320)。
文摘The conversion of solar energy to produce clean hydrogen fuel through water splitting is an emerging strategy for efficiently storing solar energy in the form of solar fuel.This aligns with the increasing global demand for the development of an ideal energy alternative to fossil fuels that does not emit greenhouse gases.Electrochemical(EC) and photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting technologies have garnered significant attention worldwide for advanced hydrogen solar fuel production in recent decades.To achieve sustainable green H_(2) production,it is essential to create efficient catalyst materials that are low-cost and can replace expensive noble metal-based catalysts.These characteristics make them an ideal catalyst material for the process.Two-dimensional MXenes with M_(n+1)X_(n) structure have been identified as a promising option for EC and PEC water splitting due to their superior hydrophilicity,metal-like conductivity,large surface area,and adjustable surface chemistry.Here,we present a summary of recent advancements in the synthesis and performance enhancement methods for MXene hybrid materials in hydrogen production through EC and PEC water splitting.Furthermore,we examine the challenges and insights associated with the rational design of MXene-based hybrid materials to facilitate efficient water splitting for sustainable solar fuel production.
文摘基于福建省冬半年沿海和港湾岛屿自动站的逐时极大风观测资料和WRF(Weather Research and Forecast)、EC(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)细网格以及T639(TL639L60)三种模式预报的10 m风场资料,将模式预报的风向风速与观测资料进行对比检验,结果表明:福建省沿海冬半年大风的盛行风向以东北风为主,大风的时空分布极为不均,沿海风力的脉动性、跳跃性、局地性突出。从三种模式对风速风向的模拟效果来看, WRF和EC细网格的预报效果较好,有可参考性, T639可参考性不高。对于风速,模式预报结果相比实况极大风速偏小,港湾岛屿代表站风速的平均绝对误差均小于沿海代表站,预报平均误差由沿海向内陆逐渐减小,由中部向南北逐渐减小。风向相比风速的预报效果要差, WRF和EC细网格的风向预报误差在45°-50°,有一定的参考意义;港湾岛屿代表站风向的平均绝对误差大于沿海代表站,以浮标站的误差最大。当观测风速出现7级及以上风速时,若对大风进行分级检验,则较低风速的预报平均绝对误差小于较高风速;风向预报的平均绝对误差也大大降低,且误差都在45°以内,具有良好的参考性。
基金supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences"100 people’project and the Open Research Station of Changbai Mountain Forest Ecosystem
文摘This paper depicted the physiographic landscape features and natural vegetation situation of study area (the eastern Jilin Province), and expatiates the definition, basic characters and its development of Ecological Land Classification (ELC). Based on the combination of relief map, satellite photography for study area and vegetation inventory data of 480 sample sites, a 5-class and a 15-class ecological land type map was concluded according to 4 important factors including slope, aspect, vegetation and elevation. Ecological Classification System (ECS) is a method to identify, characterize, and map ecosystems. The Ecological Land Type (ELT) was examined and applied initially in eastern Jilin Province.
基金Supported by Key Topics of Liaocheng University(x061005)Education Department of Shandong Province,Science and Technology Development Plan(J09Lc17)~~
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of vegetable oil EC on chemical pesticides. [Method] Cottonseed oil EC and soybean oil EC were mixed with 20% imidacloprid EC and 0.5% avermectin WE respectively, Schizaphis graminum were handled with dipped method,synergistic effects of vegetable oil EC on imidacloprid and avermectin were analyzed. [Result] Cottonseed oil EC and soybean oil EC had obvious synergistic effect on 20% imidacloprid EC and 0.5% avermectin WE. Corrected mortality of 20% imidacloprid EC+cottonseed oil EC(0.10+10.00, 0.10+5.00, 0.10+3.33 and 0.05+10.00 ml/L), 0.5% avermectin WE+cottonseed oil EC(1.00+10.00, 1.00+5.00, 0.50+10.00 and 0.50+5.00 ml/L)and 20% imidacloprid EC+soybean oil EC(0.10+10.00, 0.10+5.00, 0.10+10.00 and 0.05+5.00 ml/L) were all over 90%. [Conclusion] Considered from control effect and economy angle, the mixture of cottonseed oil EC or soybean oil EC with 20% imidacloprid EC, and the mixture of cottonseed oil EC with 0.5% avermectin WE could be used to control S. graminum.