Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis of causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases

Objective:The causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases has not been previously reported.This study aims to evaluate the causal relationship between eczema and autoimmune diseases.Methods:The two‐sample Mendelian randomization(MR)method was used to assess the causal effect of eczema on autoimmune diseases.Summary data from the Genome-Wide Association Study Catalog(GWAS)were obtained from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit(IEU)database.For eczema and autoimmune diseases,genetic instrument variants(GIVs)were identified according to the significant difference(P<5×10−8).Causal effect estimates were generated using the inverse‐variance weighted(IVW)method.MR Egger,maximum likelihood,MR-PRESSO,and MR-RAPS methods were used for alternative analyses.Sensitivity tests,including heterogeneity,horizontal pleiotropy,and leave-one-out analyses,were performed.Finally,reverse causality was assessed.Results:Genetic susceptibility to eczema was associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease(OR=1.444,95%CI 1.199 to 1.738,P<0.001)and ulcerative colitis(OR=1.002,95%CI 1.001 to 1.003,P=0.002).However,no causal relationship was found for the other 6 autoimmune diseases,including systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)(OR=0.932,P=0.401),bullous pemphigoid(BP)(OR=1.191,P=0.642),vitiligo(OR=1.000,P=0.327),multiple sclerosis(MS)(OR=1.000,P=0.965),ankylosing spondylitis(AS)(OR=1.001,P=0.121),rheumatoid arthritis(RA)(OR=1.000,P=0.460).Additionally,no reverse causal relationship was found between autoimmune diseases and eczema.Conclusion:Eczema is associated with an increased risk of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.No causal relationship is found between eczema and SLE,MS,AS,RA,BP,or vitiligo.

Efficacy of acupoint injection in the treatment of chronic eczema and its influence on peripheral blood T cells

BACKGROUND Chronic eczema significantly impacts daily life,social interactions,and quality of life;however,no curative treatment has been identified.AIM To determine the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection for chronic eczema and its influence on peripheral blood T cells.METHODS Eighty patients with chronic eczema treated at our hospital between June 2022 and March 2023 were randomly assigned to a control group(n=40),which received conventional Western medicine treatment,or an observation group(n=40),which received routine Western medicine treatment plus acupoint injection of triamcinolone acetonide.Response and adverse reaction rates,as well as differences in the levels of serum cytokines IFN-γ,IL-2,IL-4,and IL-10 before and after treatment were investigated.RESULTS No difference in overall response rates were found between the observation and control groups(100%vs 90%,respectively;P>0.05);however,the observation group had a higher marked response rate than the control group(87.5%vs 52.5%;P<0.05).Both groups had decreased Eczema Area and Severity Index scores and increased pruritus after treatment(P<0.05),particularly in the observation group(P<0.05).The observation group had an adverse reaction rate of 2.5%(1/40),which did not differ significantly from that of the control group(P>0.05).The observation group exhibited higher post-treatment INF-γand IL-2 but lower IL-4 levels than the control group(P<0.05);however,no significant inter-group difference was observed in post-treatment IL-10 levels(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Acupoint injection of triamcinolone acetonide is safe and effective in treating chronic eczema.Its therapeutic mechanism is related to the regulation of peripheral blood T cell levels,inhibition of inflammatory reactions,and mitigation of immune imbalance.

Clinical Efficacy of Huanglian Ointment in the Treatment of Chronic Eczema

Objective:To investigate and analyze the clinical efficacy of Huanglian ointment in the treatment of chronic eczema.Methods:114 cases of chronic eczema patients admitted to the Department of Dermatology of our hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into a study group(n=57)and a reference group(n=57)using the double-blind method.The study group was treated with dialyzed Huanglian ointment,while the reference group was treated with conventional treatment.Symptom scores,inflammatory levels,treatment effects,and immune indexes of the two groups were similar before treatment.Results:After treatment,the symptom scores of the study group were significantly lower than those in the reference group(P<0.05).Besides,the interleukin-2(IL-2),tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),interferon-(IFN-),and other inflammatory indicators of the study group were significantly better than those of the reference group(P<0.05).The total efficacy of treatment in the study group was significantly higher than that in the reference group(P<0.05).Furthermore,after treatment,the immunity indexes such as CD3+,CD4+,and CD8+of the study group were significantly better than those of the reference group,(P<0.05).Conclusion:Huanglian ointment is extremely effective for treating chronic eczema so this treatment program should be popularized.

Effects of seasonal changes on T-helper 1/T-helper 2 immune balance and eczema onset in rats

Objective: To explore the impact of seasonal changes on the T-helper 1(Th1)/T-helper 2(Th2) immune balance of the body in order to elucidate the internal immunological mechanisms underlying seasonal eczema.Methods: Eighty 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 season groups kept in corresponding season simulation environments, and subdivided into the model group and the control group. The Eczema Area and Severity Index(EASI) and scratching frequency were evaluated. The serum levels of immunoglobulin E(IgE), interleukin-2(IL-2), interleukin-12(IL-12), and interferon-gamma(IFN-γ), interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin-25(IL-25), and interleukin-31(IL-31), and melatonin(MT), as well as the MT receptor(MTR) levels in the spleen, were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis. The mRNA expression levels of T-bet and GATA3 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results: EASI scores and the scratching frequency of the model group were higher in the long summer than in the other 4 seasons. Meanwhile, the serum levels of IgE and the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-25, and IL-31, as well as GATA3 mRNA expression levels, were high during the long summer in both groups. However, the serum levels of the Th1 cytokines IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ, as well as MT, MTR, and T-bet mRNA levels, were lower during the long summer. In all 5 seasonal groups(spring, summer, long summer, autumn, and winter), the levels of all immune factors, especially IL-4 and IL-31, were higher in the model group than those in the control group,while the concentrations of MT and MTR were lower.Conclusion: Under long light, hot, and humid conditions in the long summer, the body is more likely to suffer from Th2-dominated immune imbalance. This is the internal mechanism behind the high incidence and severity of eczema during the long summer. MT and MTR play a key role in the seasonal onset of eczema.

Investigation on the Material Basis of Sijicao Granules in Treating Eczema Based on Network Pharmacology

[Objectives]To explore the pharmacodynamic material basis of Sijicao granules for the treatment of eczema through chemical composition-network pharmacology.[Methods]First of all,the chemical constituents of Polygonum capitatum and Plantago asiatica from Sijicao granules were collected,and the relevant target information of the constituents was collected by TCMSP,PubChem,DisGeNET,GeneCards and STRING databases.Furthermore,Cytoscape 3.8.2 software was used to construct the chemical compounds-target network map of Sijicao granules.Finally,STRING database was used for PPI protein network analysis,GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of core targets,and molecular docking between core constituents and protein targets was also performed.[Results]30 constituents,including quercetin,kaempferol,luteolin,ellagic acid and gallic acid,were discovered to be the key effective compounds of Sijicao granules in the treatment of eczema.And its core action protein targets were PTGS2,NOS2,AKT1,TP53,IL6,HMOX1.What s more,through GO functional enrichment analysis of biological process(BP),cell component(CC),molecular function(MF)analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis,the main pathways of action of Sijicao granules for the treatment of eczema including IL-17 signaling pathway,T cell receptor signaling pathway,cancer signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway and Relaxin signaling pathway.In addition,molecular docking results displayed that the primary active constituents quercetin,kaempferol and luteolin were well combined with the core protein targets AKT1 and IL6.[Conclusions]Sijicao granules could play an important role for the treatment of eczema through multi-component,multi-target,multi-pathway and their interaction.

Clinical Observation of Chuanbai Antipruritic Lotion"Water Film"Wet Compress Combined with Chloramphenicol Prednisone Liniment in the Treatment of Acute Eczema

[Objectives]To observe and analyze the clinical efficacy and possible mechanism of Chuanbai antipruritic lotion"water film"wet compress combined with chloramphenicol prednisone liniment in the treatment of acute eczema.[Methods]A total of 76 acute eczema cases admitted to Shiyan Taihe Hospital from January 2022 to March 2023 were divided into Western medicine treatment group and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group.In the Western medicine treatment group,chloramphenicol and prednisone liniment was applied to the skin lesions and oral administration of cetirizine hydrochloride.The course of treatment in both groups was 2 weeks(w).The levels of interferon-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin-4(IL-4)and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 in the peripheral blood of patients before and 2 weeks after treatment,as well as serum immunoglobulin E(IgE),anti-IgE antibody and histamine(HA)level,and with skin lesions disappearing time,skin oil,transepidermal water loss(TEWL),eczema area and severity index(EASI)score,total effective rate,degree of pruritus and traditional Chinese medicine quality of life scale(EPQOLS)score to evaluate the efficacy.[Results]Compared with the Western medicine treatment group at 2 w,the disappearance time of skin lesions in the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine group was shortened,TEWL,itching degree and EASI score,serum IgE and HA,and peripheral blood IL-4 levels were all decreased(P<0.05).IFN-γand IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio,anti-IgE antibody,EPQOLS score and total effective rate were all increased(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant.[Conclusions]Chuanbai antipruritic lotion"water film"wet compress combined with chloramphenicol prednisone liniment is an optimized and safe and efficient method for the treatment of acute eczema,which can quickly relieve the symptoms of inflammatory damage of eczema and restore the skin barrier function,dry dampness and relieve itch.Inhibition of the release of histamine active substances and regulation of immunity may be the main mechanisms.

Study on effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction and ointment on chronic eczema

Objective:To study the effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction and ointment on chronic eczema.Methods:DNCB acetone solution was used to sensitize the skin of back and ears of 36 rats in order to establish chronic eczema model.A total of 36 rats were divided into four groups of 9 randomly including oral medicine group,external inunctum group,combination therapy group,and model control group respectively.Besides,the blank group of 4 healthy rats were set.The oral medicine group was given Traditional Chinese Medicine Jianpi Chushi decoction [(Poria cocos,Chinese yam,Cortex dictamni,Zaocys dhumnade,Rhizoma atractylodis,Pericarpium citri reticulatae,Scutellaria baicalensis,Radix Sophorae Flavescentis,Raw Radix Paeoniae Alba,Licorice roots(Northwest Origin)] by gastric infusion(1.6 g/m L·5 m L/d); the external inunctum group was given Qingpeng ointment on the skin,the combination therapy group was given Jianpi Chushi decoction by gastric infusion and Qingpeng ointment combination therapy.The model control group was given normal saline(NS) of the same volume by gastric infusion and vaseline on skin.Continuous administration 15 d and stopped for 3 d.The thickness difference and weight difference of left and right ear of every group were measured and the degree of ear swelling were evaluated.The CD4^+ and CD8^+ content and the IL-2,IL-4 level of serum were detected,and the inflammatory cells counts of back skin were recorded.Results:After treatment,the degree of ear swelling of oral medicine group,external inunctum group and combination therapy group significant decreased compared with model control group(P<0.05).The CD4^+,CD8^+ cell content and IL-2 level of oral medicine group,external inunctum group,combination therapy group and model control group significant decreased compared with blank group,and IL-2 level and the inflammatory cells count increased.After 15 d of treatment,the CD4^+,CD8^+ cell content and IL-2 level of serum of oral medicine group,external inunctum group and combination therapy group raised and the IL-4 level and the inflammatory cells count had significant decreased compared with model control group,and the effect of combination therapy group was more obvious(P<0.05).Conclusions:Qral Jianpi Chushi decoction could treat chronic eczema effectively,and oral Chinese medicine combined with ointment could enhance and speed up the efficacy.

Association between Fine Particulate Air Pollution and Outpatient Visits for Eczema in Beijing, China: A Time-series Analysis

Eczema is a very common inflammatory skin disease characterized by patches of erythematous,itchy, cracked, and scaly skin.According to the 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study, the global prevalence of eczema is 3.33% and the leading cause of skin condition-based disability-adjusted life years is eczema[1].The large health burden brought about by eczema suggests high direct medical costs and health care utilization[2].Thus, eczema prevention is of great importance in efforts to eliminate the public health burden of the disease.

Low-dose intralesional injection of 5-fluorouracil and triamcinolone reduces tissue resident memory T cells in chronic eczema

BACKGROUND Tissue resident memory T(TRM)cells have been reported to play a significant role in the pathogenesis and relapse of chronic eczema.AIM To compare the efficacy and safety of the intralesional injection of 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)and triamcinolone(TA)with those associated with TA alone for the treatment of chronic eczema.METHODS A total of 168 patients were randomized to 5-FU+TA or TA groups and received a one-time intralesional injection of 5-FU+TA or TA only.Biopsies were collected before and 2 wk after treatment for evaluation of histopathological changes.All patients were followed up monthly for up to 1 year.RESULTS No serious adverse event was observed in either group.Although the mean atopic dermatitis severity index scores and effective rates were comparable between the two groups after 2 wk of treatment,the relapse rate was significantly lower in the 5-FU+TA group than in the TA group.Histological examination showed significantly fewer CD8^(+)and CD103^(+)T cells but not CD4^(+)T cells in the 5-FU+TA group.CONCLUSION One-time intralesional injection of 5-FU+TA is effective and safe for chronic eczema treatment and can further reduce the retention of T_(RM) cells in the lesional skin and the relapse rate of chronic eczema.

Research Progress of Cymbaria mongolica Maxim.in the Treatment of Chronic Eczema

Chronic eczema is a kind of skin disease which is difficult to treat.It is easy to occur repeatedly,and itching is intolerable during the attack,which seriously affects the daily life of patients.Through the review of the treatment of chronic eczema with Mongolian medicine Cymbaria mongolica Maxim.,it has the advantages of improving the cure rate and the quality of life,and reducing the recurrence rate,and so on,which provides a scientific basis for the promotion and further research of traditional Mongolian medicine Cymbaria mongolica Maxim.

Atopic eczema treatment now and in the future:Targeting the skin barrier and key immune mechanisms in human skin

The skin facilitates a number of key roles but its functioning can be impaired by disease. Atopic eczema is a chronic inflammatory disease where the skin barrier has become leaky, and inflammation occurs. It affects up to 20% of children and 3% of adults worldwide, manifesting as red itchy patches of skin with varying severity. This review aims to investigate the leaky skin barrier and immune mechanisms from the perspective of potential novel treatments. The complexity of atopic eczema as a disease is what makes it difficult to treat. Genome-wide association studies have highlighted possible genetic variations associated with atopic eczema, however in some cases, individuals develop the disease without these genetic risk factors. Loss of function mutations in the filaggrin gene are one of these associations and this is plausible due to its key role in barrier function. The Th2 immune response is the link with regards to the immune mechanisms as atopic inflammation often occurs through increased levels of interleukin(IL)-4 and IL-13. Eczematous inflammation also creates susceptibility to colonisation and damage by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Potential novel treatments are becoming ever more specific, offering the hope of fewer side effects and better disease control. The best new treatments highlighted in this review target the immune response with human beta defensin 2, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies all showing promise.

Shizhenqing granule stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and reduces serum pro-inflammatory factors in a rat model with chronic eczema

Objective:In this study,we examined the effects of Shizhenqing granule(SZQG)on hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal(HPA)axis and serum inflammatory factors in a rat model of chronic eczema,in order to explore the mechanism of action of SZQG in treatment of this disease.Methods:Sixty SpragueeDawley male rats were randomly divided into six groups(with 10 rats per group):blank group;model group;positive control group(prednisone);and the low-,medium-,and high-dose SZQG groups.Except for the blank group,rats in all other groups were treated with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene to induce chronic eczema.These rats were administered prednisone or SZQG for 7 consecutive days after successful establishment of the chronic eczema model,and samples were collected 12 h after the last administration.The degree of skin lesions and the changes in serum levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH),adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH),cortisol(CORT),interleukin(IL)-4,interferon(IFN)-g,IL-25,and IL-31 among the groups were compared.Results:SZQG effectively increased the levels of CRH,ACTH,and CORT,which decreased in the serum of rats with chronic eczema,stimulated the function of the HPA axis,and promoted the expression of glucocorticoids.SZQG reduced the serum levels of inflammatory factors including IL-4,IL-25 and IL-31,which were overexpressed in rats with chronic eczema,and increased those of anti-inflammatory factor IFN-g,thereby alleviating the inflammatory symptoms and itching,and ameliorating the clinical symptoms of chronic eczema.Conclusion:SZQG effectively alleviates skin lesions in the chronic eczema rat model by stimulating the function of the HPA axis.

Use of specific acupuncture techniques in lingering nummular eczema:A case report

Background:Nummular eczema(NE)is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritic coinshaped lesions and a long-lasting and easy-relapsing course,which severely decreases patients’quality of life.This case was designed to observe the effects of specific acupuncture techniques on pruritic NE management.Case presentation:A 22-year-old female was first diagnosed with pruritic NE three years earlier.No allergies were found in the patch test;while emotional stress would trigger and aggravate the NE.External application of 0.1%tacrolimus failed to reverse this condition over a long period of treatment.Treatment&outcomes:An individualized acupuncture treatment protocol was identified.Half needling and encircling needling were applied at local eczematous lesions,with routine needling at meridian points,once per week,for 12 treatment sessions.All outcome measures,including the Eczema Area and Severity Index,Visual Analogue Scale score for pruritus,Self-Rating Anxiety Score,and Dermatology Quality Life Index,substantially improved over 6 months from pre-treatment to 3 months posttreatment.Conclusion:Acupuncture might be a promising non-pharmacological treatment method for patients with NE,especially for those with emotional stress.A randomized controlled trial with an adequate sample size and rigorous study design is required to verify the results of the study.

FDA说2个eczema药物已被要求在标签上增注“该药长期使用有增加癌症的危险”的黑色警告

这2个药物分别是Novartis的Elidel和Fujisawa的Protopic。这2个药物都是皮肤病药物，用于治疗造成瘙痒的干燥和皮鳞状症（scaly），FDA说该2个药物应在其他药物治疗eczema都无效时才可使用，对于免疫力低下的患者应禁用。Novartis和Fujisawa曾被要求报告该2个药物的致癌情况，共有29例癌症报告被提出，其中大多数为皮肤癌和淋巴癌。FDA已要求进行10年期的人体临床试验来确定这些产品是否真与癌症的发生有关。Novartis和Fujisawa已同意进行该项临床试验。

Zhang Zhili's Experience in Treatment of Eczema

Prof. Zhang Zhili has practised traditional medicine for more than 40 years, hence an accumulation of rich clinical experience. As we have been fortunately guided by him in medical practice we would like to share with readers his experience in treatment of eczema as follows:Analyses of PathogenesisProf. Zhang holds that eczema is often caused by both endogenic and exogenic pathogens conflicting in skin and muscles: endogenic factors refer to improper diet or over-intake of irritative foods which may hurt the spleen and stomach, resulting in dysfunction of the spleen in transport and, as a result, leading to the accumulation of dampness-heat in the body; and exogenic factors refer to the invasion of exogenic pathogenic wind, dampness and heat. Moreover, a prolonged course of the illness may exhaust yin and blood and, consequently, turn pathogenic dryness factor into wind-evil. In the case of children, it is mostly caused by pathogenic heat stagnating in the gastrointestinal region due to weak congenital resistance and improper diet.

The Association of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Symptoms of Asthma, Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis and Eczema among Japanese Children Aged 3 - 6 Years

There is insufficient epidemiological evidence on the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and allergic diseases. We performed a cross-sectional survey to elucidate the associations between them using validated screening tools. The participants were children aged 3 - 6 years attending kindergarten or nursery school in Shika Town, Japan (n = 417;valid response rate = 80.4%). Autism spectrum features were scored on the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). Allergic symptoms (asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema) were determined according to the criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. A total of 15 children (4.5%) had an SCQ score of 11 points or higher. The prevalence of symptoms was 14.7% for asthma, and 5.3% for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and 11.4% for eczema. Logistic regression indicated that symptoms of eczema were significantly associated with SCQ scores of 11 points or higher [odds ratio (OR), 4.38;95% confidence interval (CI), 1.41 - 13.59]. The association persisted after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI (OR, 3.84;95% CI, 1.20 - 12.24). Moreover, asthmatic symptoms were significantly associated with male sex (OR, 2.09;95% CI, 1.12 - 3.92) and overweight status (OR, 2.45;95% CI, 1.03 - 5.83). This suggests that higher SCQ scores, which imply more autism spectrum features, are associated with higher prevalence of eczema symptoms. While no causal relationships can be made, ASD might be associated with eczema.

Fifty-six Cases of Stubborn Eczema Treated by Oral Administration and Topical Application of Herbal Medicine

Eczema is a kind of very common dermatopathy. The cases with a long course of illness and hard to be cured are termed as stubborn eczema. We have obtained good results in its treatment since 1995 with the Chu Shi Tang (除湿汤Dampness-Clearing Decoction) for oral intake and the Fu Fang Ku Shen Xi Ye (复方苦参洗液) for topical application. The following is a clinical report for treating 56 patients with stubborn eczema.

Study on the clinical correlation between serum total IgE level and peripheral blood eosinophil count in patients with eczema

Objective:To explore the correlation between the expression of serum total IgE level and peripheral blood EOS count in patients with eczema and the severity of clinical eczema.Methods:The EASI and pruritus VAS score were used to evaluate the disease severity of 100 patients with eczema.According to the EASI score,patients with eczema were divided into three groups:mild(<7 points)、moderate(7-15 points)and severe(>15 points).At the same time,the serum total IgE level and peripheral blood EOS count were tested before and after the 4-week Chinese medicine treatment.Results:The serum total IgE level of 42%of eczema patients increased,and the peripheral blood EOS count increased in 26%.In the three groups of mild,moderate,and severe,as the severity of eczema increased,the level of serum total IgE and peripheral blood EOS count continued to increase,and the positive rate increased significantly(all P<0.05).In terms of correlation analysis,the study showed that in patients with eczema total IgE level and EASI score(r=0.421,P<0.01),EOS count and EASI score(r=0.326,P<0.01),EOS count and pruritus VAS score(r=0.529,P<0.01)all show relatively weak positive correlation;and a high proportion of patients had the same changes in IgE and EOS after treatment(82%of IgE is consistent with EASI,76%of EOS is consistent with EASI).Conclusion:This study shows that the total IgE level and EOS count of patients with eczema are positively correlated with the severity of eczema,but at the same time this correlation is relatively limited.In clinical practice,it is necessary to combine the dynamic changes of the individual's own indicators in order to diagnose,comprehensively treat and evaluate eczema.Provide greater reference value in other aspects.

Target prediction and mechanism of Shiyangning in treatment of perianal eczema

Objective:To explore the possible targets and signaling pathways of Chinese herbal compound"Shiyangning"in the treatment of perianal eczema(PE).Methods:The main active components and target proteins in Shiyangning were screened out by searching the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP).PE Targets were retrieved and collected from Disease Databases such as Therapeutic Target Database(TTD).The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed and analyzed by STRING online database,and the network topology results were analyzed by Cytoscape 3.7.1 software.The common gene names of target proteins were checked in Uniprot database,and KEGG pathway function enrichment analysis was carried out through David database to study the possible signaling pathway of Shiyangning in the treatment of PE.Results:There were 238 core compounds,152 targets and 233 PE disease targets.Six key targets(STAT3,IL6,TP53,EGFR,EGF and TNF)were obtained from the analysis of network topology.The results of pathway enrichment showed that PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway were the main pathways.Conclusion:Shiyangning treat PE mainly by regulating STAT3,IL-6 and other related inflammatory signaling pathways.

A Life-Threatening Condition in A Child With Chicken Pox: Eczema Herpeticum

Eczema herpeticum is a severe infectious eruption caused by Herpes group viruses. The disease usually occurs in the patients with pre existing dermatosis, expecially atopic dermatitis. A three-year-old boy who has high fever and widespread skin eruptions with vesiculopustuler eruptions, erosions and ulcers was brought out to our emergency clinic. The patient had no pre-existing dermatosis, but he had suffered from chicken-pox. As serological, the antibodies of Varicella-IgM and Herpes simplex-IgM were positive. Eczema Herpeticum which occurred on a chicken-pox was diagnosed according to his history, physical examination, laboratory and pathologic findings. Acyclovir and empiric antibiotherapy together with the symptomatic therapy were used for treatment. His skin lesions recovered in one week after these therapies. The aim of this case-report is to emphasize the features of eczema herpeticum which occurred on a pre-existing varicella eruption.