Urea as a source of cheap non-protein nitrogen is used to adulterate fish and meat meals which are basic components of broiler diets. The present study was carried out to elucidate the effects of urea on weight gain, ...Urea as a source of cheap non-protein nitrogen is used to adulterate fish and meat meals which are basic components of broiler diets. The present study was carried out to elucidate the effects of urea on weight gain, and hematological and biochemical profiles. A total of 48 broiler chicks were randomly allotted into 4 groups, designated Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 of 12 birds each. Birds in Groups 2, 3 and 4 were fed on diets containing urea at the levels of 1%, 2.5% and 4%, respectively. Birds in Group 1 served as control and were not exposed to urea. Experimentation period was for 3 weeks and experiment was terminated when birds were 42 days of age. Body weight of all intoxicated birds at the various intervals was significantly decreased in comparison with that of the untreated control. Compared with control, all intoxicated broilers manifested significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in all hematological parameters involving erythrocytic and total leucocytic counts, Hemoglobin (Hb) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV) on a dose- and time-pattern. In comparison with the control levels, biochemical profile of the intoxicated birds disclosed significant decrease in blood glucose level and significant increase in serum uric acid, urea, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Based upon the present data, it was concluded that the addition of urea to broiler diets bears serious sequences concerning the general health condition, performance, weight gain, and hematological and biochemical profiles.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The growth productivity of broilers is influenced by improving growth performance through improving body weight, average daily gain</span><span style="f...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The growth productivity of broilers is influenced by improving growth performance through improving body weight, average daily gain</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and feed conversion rate. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of quantitative feed restriction duration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers. A total of 144 day-old broiler chicks were reared in a deep litter system until slaughter at 42 days. Chicks were randomly allocated to three treatments which were replicated three times with 16 birds per replicate. The three treatments were the control (T1), one week of feed restriction (T2), and two weeks of feed restriction (T3). Birds were fed with starter, grower and finisher diets. The average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) were computed for each week. Carcass weight</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and internal organs weights were measured. The body weight gained by the birds in T1 was similar </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the birds that were restricted for a week. The treatments had a significant effect on the average daily gain in week</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 4, 5</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and 6. The ADG for T2 was higher (P < 0.05) at week 5 after 1 week of restriction, than T1 and T3. The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher in T3 after 2 weeks of restriction. In T2 and T3, feed intake was significantly lower than in birds fed </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ad</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">libitum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> at week 4 at the start of the treatment. There was no significant effect on the relative weights of heart weights, liver, gizzard, feet</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and heads among the treatment groups except for intestine weight which was lower (P < 0.05) in T1 than T2 and T3. It was concluded that broilers that were restricted for one week had a positive result in growth performance. Feed restriction had minimal effect on the organ weights of broiler chickens.</span>展开更多
This study was to investigate the effect of enteromorpha from Qingdao coasts on weight gain of Arbor Acres broilers. Four thousands of 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups （1 000 for ...This study was to investigate the effect of enteromorpha from Qingdao coasts on weight gain of Arbor Acres broilers. Four thousands of 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups （1 000 for each）, i. e., one group was fed with basal diet as the control, and the other three were fed with basal diet added with 1.0%, 2.0% or 3.0% of enteromorpha as treatment groups. After 42 days of feeding trial, broilers in three treatment groups all gave a significantly increased average daily weight gain and feed to gain ratio in comparison with the control group （P 〈0. O1 ） ; within treatment groups, those added with 3.0% enteromorpha assumed a significantly higher average daily gain and feed to gain than with 3.0% enteromorpha （P 〈0.05）, while an insignificantly difference with 2.0% enteromorpha group （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The results indicated that adding appropriate amount of enteromorpha can facilitate the improvement of broiler performance.展开更多
[ Objective] To determine the optimal supplement dosage of double-low rapeseed meal in concentrated feed of fattening lambs. [ Method] A total of 120 Tibetan lambs at the age of 50 d were selected and divided randomly...[ Objective] To determine the optimal supplement dosage of double-low rapeseed meal in concentrated feed of fattening lambs. [ Method] A total of 120 Tibetan lambs at the age of 50 d were selected and divided randomly into four groups. The lambs in these four groups were fed with diets respectively supplemented the double-low rapeseed meal of 50,100,150 and 200 g/kg. Their diets had the same nutritional levels of energy and protein. The experimental period was 120 d. [ Result] Daily gain, feed conservation ratio and economic benefits were largely increased in the lambs fed with the diets supplemented the double-low rapeseed meal of 150 g/kg （Daily gain, P 〈 0.01 ）. However, the daily gain and feed conservation ratio were largely decreased in the lambs fed with the diets supplemented the double-low rapeseed meal of 200 g/kg. Moreover, serum levels of transaminase and thyroxine were not significantly different between the four groups. [ Conclusion] The optimal supplement dosage of the double-low rapeseed meal is 150 g/kg in fattening lambs.展开更多
试验旨在通过文献检索与筛选,构建肉羊料重比(F/G)及F/G影响因素的数据集,建立肉羊F/G预测模型并进行其影响因素分析。通过检索中国知网、万方和Web of Science等文献数据平台,筛选包含肉羊F/G及其影响因素的文献构建数据集,采用多元回...试验旨在通过文献检索与筛选,构建肉羊料重比(F/G)及F/G影响因素的数据集,建立肉羊F/G预测模型并进行其影响因素分析。通过检索中国知网、万方和Web of Science等文献数据平台,筛选包含肉羊F/G及其影响因素的文献构建数据集,采用多元回归方法构建肉羊F/G预测模型,计算模型预测偏差和预测误差,进行模型准确性评估,使用方差分解方法进行肉羊F/G的影响因素分析。结果显示,试验成功构建了包含肉羊F/G及其影响因素在内的数据集,包含文献13篇,数据43条;肉羊F/G中位数为6.60,变异范围为3.89~18.63;相关分析表明肉羊体重(BW)、相对成熟度(RM)、干物质采食量(DMI)、日粮干物质(DM)、代谢能(ME)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)均可影响F/G,且不存在共线性(Vif<5);试验构建的肉羊F/G预测模型为F/G=0.356BW-3.424RM-0.007DMI-0.038DM+0.553ME+0.375CP-0.012NDF-1.583Ca-7.016P+1.791,预测模型无显著偏移(预测偏差=0.00),均方根预测误差(RMSPE)为17.20%;方差分解结果显示本模型可解释83.00%的肉羊F/G变异,在可解释变异中,动物因素可解释60.24%的变异,日粮因素可解释39.76%的变异,其中肉羊BW和DMI是对肉羊F/G产生影响的关键因素,共解释了52.85%的F/G变异。研究表明,试验建立的肉羊F/G预测模型准确度较高,且BW和DMI是影响肉羊F/G的主要因素,可为肉羊F/G预测和调控提供参考。展开更多
本研究旨在分析植物精油对断奶仔猪的促生长作用,从统计学层面为植物精油替代抗生素应用于断奶仔猪促生长性能上的生产实践和研究方向提供参考和指导。检索了2012年1月至2022年1月十年间万方数据、中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed和Web of Scie...本研究旨在分析植物精油对断奶仔猪的促生长作用,从统计学层面为植物精油替代抗生素应用于断奶仔猪促生长性能上的生产实践和研究方向提供参考和指导。检索了2012年1月至2022年1月十年间万方数据、中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed和Web of Science数据库中发表的植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能影响及其替代抗生素应用于促进断奶仔猪生长的对照试验等相关文献,提取其中的有效研究数据,利用RevMan 5.4软件分析猪的日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(FCR),并使用随机效应模型计算连续型变量的平均差(MD)和95%置信区间(CI)。共有16篇相关高质量文献、108条数据、1842头断奶仔猪纳入Meta分析。分析结果表明,日粮中添加植物精油可以显著提高断奶仔猪ADG及ADFI(P<0.01),并显著降低断奶仔猪FCR(P<0.01)。与日粮中添加抗生素相比,添加植物精油对断奶仔猪ADG及ADFI的影响差异不大,但在降低断奶仔猪FCR方面效果更佳(P<0.01)。说明植物精油在对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响方面有替代抗生素的巨大潜能。展开更多
文摘Urea as a source of cheap non-protein nitrogen is used to adulterate fish and meat meals which are basic components of broiler diets. The present study was carried out to elucidate the effects of urea on weight gain, and hematological and biochemical profiles. A total of 48 broiler chicks were randomly allotted into 4 groups, designated Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 of 12 birds each. Birds in Groups 2, 3 and 4 were fed on diets containing urea at the levels of 1%, 2.5% and 4%, respectively. Birds in Group 1 served as control and were not exposed to urea. Experimentation period was for 3 weeks and experiment was terminated when birds were 42 days of age. Body weight of all intoxicated birds at the various intervals was significantly decreased in comparison with that of the untreated control. Compared with control, all intoxicated broilers manifested significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in all hematological parameters involving erythrocytic and total leucocytic counts, Hemoglobin (Hb) and Packed Cell Volume (PCV) on a dose- and time-pattern. In comparison with the control levels, biochemical profile of the intoxicated birds disclosed significant decrease in blood glucose level and significant increase in serum uric acid, urea, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Based upon the present data, it was concluded that the addition of urea to broiler diets bears serious sequences concerning the general health condition, performance, weight gain, and hematological and biochemical profiles.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The growth productivity of broilers is influenced by improving growth performance through improving body weight, average daily gain</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and feed conversion rate. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of quantitative feed restriction duration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers. A total of 144 day-old broiler chicks were reared in a deep litter system until slaughter at 42 days. Chicks were randomly allocated to three treatments which were replicated three times with 16 birds per replicate. The three treatments were the control (T1), one week of feed restriction (T2), and two weeks of feed restriction (T3). Birds were fed with starter, grower and finisher diets. The average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) were computed for each week. Carcass weight</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and internal organs weights were measured. The body weight gained by the birds in T1 was similar </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">to</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the birds that were restricted for a week. The treatments had a significant effect on the average daily gain in week</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 4, 5</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and 6. The ADG for T2 was higher (P < 0.05) at week 5 after 1 week of restriction, than T1 and T3. The feed conversion ratio was significantly higher in T3 after 2 weeks of restriction. In T2 and T3, feed intake was significantly lower than in birds fed </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ad</span></i></span><i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">libitum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> at week 4 at the start of the treatment. There was no significant effect on the relative weights of heart weights, liver, gizzard, feet</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and heads among the treatment groups except for intestine weight which was lower (P < 0.05) in T1 than T2 and T3. It was concluded that broilers that were restricted for one week had a positive result in growth performance. Feed restriction had minimal effect on the organ weights of broiler chickens.</span>
文摘This study was to investigate the effect of enteromorpha from Qingdao coasts on weight gain of Arbor Acres broilers. Four thousands of 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into four groups （1 000 for each）, i. e., one group was fed with basal diet as the control, and the other three were fed with basal diet added with 1.0%, 2.0% or 3.0% of enteromorpha as treatment groups. After 42 days of feeding trial, broilers in three treatment groups all gave a significantly increased average daily weight gain and feed to gain ratio in comparison with the control group （P 〈0. O1 ） ; within treatment groups, those added with 3.0% enteromorpha assumed a significantly higher average daily gain and feed to gain than with 3.0% enteromorpha （P 〈0.05）, while an insignificantly difference with 2.0% enteromorpha group （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The results indicated that adding appropriate amount of enteromorpha can facilitate the improvement of broiler performance.
基金supported by the funds from the Standardization of Production Technology of Sheep Inhabiting on Plateau ( Office of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in Qinghai Province,2009-XM-05)
文摘[ Objective] To determine the optimal supplement dosage of double-low rapeseed meal in concentrated feed of fattening lambs. [ Method] A total of 120 Tibetan lambs at the age of 50 d were selected and divided randomly into four groups. The lambs in these four groups were fed with diets respectively supplemented the double-low rapeseed meal of 50,100,150 and 200 g/kg. Their diets had the same nutritional levels of energy and protein. The experimental period was 120 d. [ Result] Daily gain, feed conservation ratio and economic benefits were largely increased in the lambs fed with the diets supplemented the double-low rapeseed meal of 150 g/kg （Daily gain, P 〈 0.01 ）. However, the daily gain and feed conservation ratio were largely decreased in the lambs fed with the diets supplemented the double-low rapeseed meal of 200 g/kg. Moreover, serum levels of transaminase and thyroxine were not significantly different between the four groups. [ Conclusion] The optimal supplement dosage of the double-low rapeseed meal is 150 g/kg in fattening lambs.
文摘试验旨在通过文献检索与筛选,构建肉羊料重比(F/G)及F/G影响因素的数据集,建立肉羊F/G预测模型并进行其影响因素分析。通过检索中国知网、万方和Web of Science等文献数据平台,筛选包含肉羊F/G及其影响因素的文献构建数据集,采用多元回归方法构建肉羊F/G预测模型,计算模型预测偏差和预测误差,进行模型准确性评估,使用方差分解方法进行肉羊F/G的影响因素分析。结果显示,试验成功构建了包含肉羊F/G及其影响因素在内的数据集,包含文献13篇,数据43条;肉羊F/G中位数为6.60,变异范围为3.89~18.63;相关分析表明肉羊体重(BW)、相对成熟度(RM)、干物质采食量(DMI)、日粮干物质(DM)、代谢能(ME)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)均可影响F/G,且不存在共线性(Vif<5);试验构建的肉羊F/G预测模型为F/G=0.356BW-3.424RM-0.007DMI-0.038DM+0.553ME+0.375CP-0.012NDF-1.583Ca-7.016P+1.791,预测模型无显著偏移(预测偏差=0.00),均方根预测误差(RMSPE)为17.20%;方差分解结果显示本模型可解释83.00%的肉羊F/G变异,在可解释变异中,动物因素可解释60.24%的变异,日粮因素可解释39.76%的变异,其中肉羊BW和DMI是对肉羊F/G产生影响的关键因素,共解释了52.85%的F/G变异。研究表明,试验建立的肉羊F/G预测模型准确度较高,且BW和DMI是影响肉羊F/G的主要因素,可为肉羊F/G预测和调控提供参考。
文摘本研究旨在分析植物精油对断奶仔猪的促生长作用,从统计学层面为植物精油替代抗生素应用于断奶仔猪促生长性能上的生产实践和研究方向提供参考和指导。检索了2012年1月至2022年1月十年间万方数据、中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed和Web of Science数据库中发表的植物精油对断奶仔猪生长性能影响及其替代抗生素应用于促进断奶仔猪生长的对照试验等相关文献,提取其中的有效研究数据,利用RevMan 5.4软件分析猪的日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)和料重比(FCR),并使用随机效应模型计算连续型变量的平均差(MD)和95%置信区间(CI)。共有16篇相关高质量文献、108条数据、1842头断奶仔猪纳入Meta分析。分析结果表明,日粮中添加植物精油可以显著提高断奶仔猪ADG及ADFI(P<0.01),并显著降低断奶仔猪FCR(P<0.01)。与日粮中添加抗生素相比,添加植物精油对断奶仔猪ADG及ADFI的影响差异不大,但在降低断奶仔猪FCR方面效果更佳(P<0.01)。说明植物精油在对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响方面有替代抗生素的巨大潜能。
