Bcl-2 Interacts with Beclin 1 and Regulates Autophagy in 7,12- Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-Induced Hamster Buccal-Pouch Squamous-Cell Tumorigenesis

Objective:Autophagy is a programmed cell death procedure,which has essential functions in tumorigenesis.However,its temporal expression and function under different status are yet to be determined.This study aims to investigate the temporal expression of autophagy and its possible function in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene(DMBA)-induced hamster buccal-pouch cancer model(HBPCM).Methods:A total of 50 hamster buccal-pouch tumorigenesis models were established by painting DMBA for 4,8,10 and 13 weeks.The expression and subcellular localization of LC3,Beclin 1 and Bcl-2 in buccal lesions were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting.DNA damage was observed by immunohistochemical staining of 8-oHdG.The relationship between Beclin 1 and Bcl-2 was analyzed by immunofluorescence colocalization.Results:The expression levels of LC3 and Beclin 1 associated with autophagy in the experimental buccal pouch of HBPCM were significantly upregulated after 4 weeks(P<0.05),but gradually downregulated after 13 weeks of HBPCM induction.By contrast,the expression level of Bcl-2 was significantly upregulated after 13 weeks.The co-localized regions of Bcl-2 and Beclin 1 peaked after 4 weeks and then decreased gradually.The DNA damage in epithelial cells increased slightly after 4 weeks,and then rapidly decreased over the next 2 months.Conclusion:Autophagy is motivated by a tumor suppressor that diminishes carcinogen-induced DNA damage.However,autophagy is gradually suppressed,which may be attributed to the interaction between Bcl-2 and Beclin 1.This result indicates that the promotion of autophagy may suppress malignant transformation and provide new insights on future potential treatments of HBPCM.

Study of the expressions of p53 and bcl-2 genes, the telomerase activity and apoptosis in GIST patients

AIM: To explore the relationship between clinicobiological behavior and the expression levels of telomerase activity, apoptosis, p53 gene and bcl-2 gene in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). METHODS: The intensity of telomerase activity, apoptosis, p 53 and bcl -2 expression in GISTs were detected by telomeric repeat amplification protocol, in situ end-labeling technique, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS: The positive rates of telomerase activity of malignant GIST, potential malignant GIST and benign GIST were 85% (17/20), 22.8% (2/9) and 0 (0/9), respectively. The apoptosis indices of malignant GIST, potential malignant GIST, and benign GIST were 11.7 ± 5.4, 30.2 ± 5.6 and 45.2 ± 7.2, respectively. The intensity of telomerase activity and apoptosis were related to the biological characteristics of GISTs (85% vs 22.8%, 0, 0; P < 0.01 or 11.7 ± 5.4 vs 30.2 ± 5.6, 45.2 ± 7.2, 72.1 ± 9.3; P < 0.05). The intensity of telomerase activity was negatively correlated with cellular apoptosis (22.9 ± 8.4 vs 9.5 ± 5.7, P < 0.01). The intensity of telomerase activity was positively correlated with p53, bcl-2 expression (40.0% vs 78.9%, 40.0% vs 84.2%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The detection of telomerase activity, apoptosis and its control genes in GIST will be helpful for the discrimination of the malignant and benign GIST and evaluation of the prognosis.

Difference in Expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl Genes in Cisplatin-sensitive and Cisplatin-resistant Human in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines

To investigate the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl gene in sensitive (A2780) and drug-resistance (AD6) human ovarian cancer cell lines and explore the molecular mechanism of multidrug resistance, A2780 and AD6 were detected by using DNA gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry and RT-PCR. Our results showed that (1)'DNA ladder ' was observed in A2780 and AD6 after cisplatin treatment; (2) after 3.0, 6.0, 9.9 μg/ml of cisplatin treatment, a significant difference was noted in the rate of apoptosis between in A2780 and AD6 (P<0.05); (3) Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl genes were overexpressed in AD6. After cisplatin treatment, the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl genes was down-regulated in A2780 and AD6. It is concluded that cisplatin could induce the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells, and the over-expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl genes may contribute to apoptotic inhibition and the development of multidrug-resistance of human ovarian cancer.

Protective Effect of Isoflurane and Sevoflurane on Ischemic Neurons and Expression of Bcl-2 and ICE Genes in Rat Brain

Objective To study the protective effect of volatile anesthetics, isoflurane and sevoflurane, on ischemic neurons after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods Rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was developed by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery （MCA） and bilateral common carotid arteries （CCAs） 1 h after reperfusion. Using flow cytometry （FCM） and Northern blot hybridization, we calculated the number of apoptotic bodies and detected the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and interleukin-113 converting enzyme （ICE） mRNA. Results The apoptotic bodies in hippocampus analyzed by FCM peaked at appeared 24 h after reperfusion, and decreased about 54% and 40%, respectively, after treatment with isoflurane and sevoflurane, as compared with ischemic group. There was no significant difference in the expression of bcl-2 mRNA and ICE mRNA between the inhaled anesthetic groups and ischemic group in hippocampus 24 h after MCA/CCAs occlusion. Conclusion Isoflurane and sevoflurane partially inhibit apoptosis but have no significant effect on the expression of bcl-2 and ICE genes.

Identification of hub genes associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus:A pilot bioinformatics study

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is related to various extragastric diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,the possible mechanisms connecting H.pylori infection and T2DM remain unknown.AIM To explore potential molecular connections between H.pylori infection and T2DM.METHODS We extracted gene expression arrays from three online datasets(GSE60427,GSE27411 and GSE115601).Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)commonly present in patients with H.pylori infection and T2DM were identified.Hub genes were validated using human gastric biopsy samples.Correlations between hub genes and immune cell infiltration,miRNAs,and transcription factors(TFs)were further analyzed.RESULTS A total of 67 DEGs were commonly presented in patients with H.pylori infection and T2DM.Five significantly upregulated hub genes,including TLR4,ITGAM,C5AR1,FCER1G,and FCGR2A,were finally identified,all of which are closely related to immune cell infiltration.The gene-miRNA analysis detected 13 miRNAs with at least two gene cross-links.TF-gene interaction networks showed that TLR4 was coregulated by 26 TFs,the largest number of TFs among the 5 hub genes.CONCLUSION We identified five hub genes that may have molecular connections between H.pylori infection and T2DM.This study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of H.pylori-induced onset of T2DM.

Differential expression of bcl-2 and bax genes during the E.coli-induced apoptosis of human U937 cells

To explore the role of bcl-2 and bax genes in the apoptosis of human U937 cells induced by E.coli, flow cytometry assay with annexinⅤ-FITC/PI double staining was used to determine the condition of apoptosis, and the expressions of mRNA of bcl-2 and bax genes were assayed with RT-PCR. It was found that the apoptosis of human U937 cells could be induced by E.coli at various concentration ratios between cells and bacteria for 30 min in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptotic rates at cell/bacteria ratios of 0, 1∶5, 1∶10, 1∶20, 1∶50 and 1∶100 were 3.16%±0.90%, 9.46%±0.84%, 17.90%±1.41%, 35.59%±3.76%, 38.35%±7.12% and 55.07%±5.82% respectively. Also, there was a tendency of alterations in the expression levels of bcl-2 and bax genes with an increased expression level of bax gene and a reduced expression level of bcl-2 gene. It is concluded that E.coli can induce apoptosis in human U937 cells with a down-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and an up-regulated expression of Bax, and this might be related to the induction of apoptosis of the infected cell.

THE OVEREXPRESSION OF APOPTOSIS-RELATED GENES OF P_53 AND BCL-2 IN CERVICAL CARCINOMA

Objective To investigate the significance of overexpression of p5s and bcl-2 protein in carcinogene- sis of cervix. Methods 10 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasis(CIN) and 57 cases of invasive cancer were in- vestigated with immunohistochemistry technique. Results The overexpresion or P53 protein ir CIN and cervical can- cer was significantly higher than that or control, respectively (P<0.01). But there was no significant difference be- tween CIN and cervical cancer(P>0.05). The immunoreactivity of bcl-2 in CIN was much more higher than that of control (P<0.05). The positive rate and immunoreactivity of bcl-2 in cervical carcinoma were both remarkably high- er than those of control (P<0.0l),but there was no significant difference between CIN and cervical carcinoma (P> 0.05). It was also found that there was a remarkably positive correlation between the overexpression of bcl-2 and P53 (P<0.01). Conclusion Because of the loss of wtP53 function,the expression of bcl-2 can not be down-reguated, which is associated with the pathogenesis and development of cervical carcinoma.

Pathogenesis of chronic enteropathy associated with the SLCO2A1 gene:Hypotheses and conundrums

Chronic enteropathy associated with the SLCO2A1 gene(CEAS)is a complex gastroenterological condition characterized by multiple ulcers in the small intestine with chronic bleeding and protein loss.This review explores the potential mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CEAS,focusing on the role of SLCO2A1-encoded prostaglandin transporter OATP2A1 and its impact on prostaglandin E2(PGE2)levels.Studies have suggested that elevated PGE2 levels contribute to mucosal damage,inflammation,and disruption of the intestinal barrier.The effects of PGE2 on macrophage activation and Maxi-Cl channel functionality,as well as its interaction with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs play crucial roles in the progression of CEAS.Understanding the balance between its protective and pro-inflammatory effects and the complex interactions within the gastrointestinal tract can shed light on potential therapeutic targets for CEAS and guide the development of novel,targeted therapies.

华蟾素对肝癌患者介入术后外周血Bcl-2和cyclinD1蛋白表达水平的影响

目的观察华蟾素对肝癌患者介入术后外周血Bcl-2和细胞周期蛋白(cyclinD1)表达水平的影响。方法本次研究对象在2020年5月—2021年5月于医院进行介入术治疗的肝癌患者中选择100例,随机分为两组,50例患者给予患者常规介入治疗(常规介入组),50例患者在常规化疗的基础上加用华蟾素治疗(华蟾素组)。检测患者的Bax、Bcl-2、cyclinD1水平及肝功能指标[甲胎蛋白(AFP)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、谷草转氨酶(AST)]、免疫功能指标[免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、自然杀伤(NK)细胞、T淋巴细胞亚群(CD_(4)^(+)、CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+))],比较两组卡氏(KPS)评分、肝功能分级标准(Child-Pugh)评分,评价疗效,观察两组不良反应发生情况。结果华蟾素组患者治疗后的Bax水平高于常规介入组(P<0.05),Bcl-2、cyclinD1水平低于常规介入组(P<0.05);华蟾素组患者治疗后的AFP、TBIL、AST水平低于常规介入组(P<0.05),ALT水平高于常规介入组(P<0.05);华蟾素组患者治疗后的IgG、NK细胞、CD_(4)^(+)水平高于常规介入组(P<0.05),CD_(4)^(+)/CD_(8)^(+)水平低于常规介入组(P<0.05);华蟾素组患者治疗后的KPS评分高于常规介入组(P<0.05),Child-Pugh评分低于常规介入组(P<0.05);华蟾素组患者治疗有效率为92.00%,高于常规介入组的74.00%(P<0.05);华蟾素组患者的不良反应发生率为20.00%,低于常规介入组的44.00%(P<0.05)。结论华蟾素可以下调肝癌患者介入术后外周血Bcl-2和cyclinD1蛋白表达水平,上调Bax水平,促进肿瘤细胞凋亡;同时可以增强患者的肝功能和免疫功能,提高生活质量,改善预后;还能提高肝癌介入治疗疗效,降低发生不良反应的风险。

电针对骶上脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱大鼠尿流动力学及脊髓组织ERK/CREB/Bcl-2通路表达的影响

目的观察电针“次髎”“中极”“三阴交”“大椎”对骶上脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱大鼠尿流动力学及脊髓组织ERK/CREB/Bcl-2通路表达的影响。方法60只雌性SD大鼠随机选取24只分为空白组和假手术组各12只,其余36只采用脊髓横断法造模,将成模大鼠随机分为模型组和电针组,每组12只。电针组取单侧“次髎”“中极”“三阴交”“大椎”进行电针刺激,每次30 min,1次/d,连续7 d。干预结束后行尿流动力学检测,HE染色观察大鼠膀胱逼尿肌组织形态,TUNEL法检测脊髓组织细胞凋亡情况,Western blot测定脊髓组织p-ERK1/2、p-CREB、p-p90Rsk、CRE、Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达。结果与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠膀胱基础压力、最大压力及漏尿点压明显增加(P<0.01),膀胱最大容量及顺应性明显降低(P<0.01);膀胱平滑肌细胞结构严重破坏、排列紊乱,伴大量炎性细胞浸润;脊髓组织细胞凋亡率明显升高(P<0.01),脊髓组织p-ERK1/2、p-p90Rsk、p-CREB、CRE、Bcl-2蛋白表达明显降低,Bax蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,电针组大鼠膀胱基础压力、最大压力及漏尿点压均明显降低(P<0.05),膀胱最大容量及顺应性明显增加(P<0.05,P<0.01);膀胱平滑肌细胞完整性增强,细胞水肿程度降低,炎性细胞浸润减轻;脊髓组织细胞凋亡率明显降低(P<0.05),脊髓组织p-ERK1/2、p-p90Rsk、p-CREB、CRE、Bcl-2蛋白表达明显升高,Bax蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论电针可促进骶上脊髓损伤后神经源性膀胱大鼠膀胱逼尿肌组织修复,增加膀胱最大容量及顺应性,缓解膀胱内高压状态,其机制与激活ERK/CREB/Bcl-2通路、减少受损神经元继发性凋亡、改善膀胱的神经支配、保护膀胱功能有关。

基于Caspase-3/Bcl-2/Bax信号通路探究加味旋覆代赭汤治疗食管癌前病变的作用机制

目的:探究加味旋覆代赭汤对食管癌前病变大鼠Caspase-3/Bcl-2/Bax信号通路的调控作用机制。方法:将48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组,空白组、模型组、中药组、西药组,每组各12只。除空白组外均采用复合造模法制作食管癌前病变大鼠模型,造模成功后,分别进行药物灌胃干预,空白组、模型组用生理盐水灌胃,中药组和西药组分别给予加味旋覆代赭汤、西药(雷贝拉唑+莫沙必利)灌胃,给药8周取材。利用光学显微镜观察食管上皮组织的形态学变化;分别应用蛋白质印迹法(Western-blot)及聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测食管上皮组织Caspase-3、Bcl-2及Bax的表达水平。结果:与空白组比较,模型组大鼠食管上皮病理积分升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,中药组、西药组大鼠食管上皮病理积分均降低(P<0.01)。PCR及Western-blot检测结果显示,与空白组比较,模型组大鼠Caspase-3、Bax mRNA、蛋白表达均降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,中药、西药组大鼠Caspase-3、Bax mRNA、蛋白表达均增高(P<0.05)。与空白组比较,模型组大鼠食管组织中Bcl-2 m RNA及蛋白表达水平均升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,中药组和西药组Bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平均降低(P<0.05)。结论:加味旋覆代赭汤可能通过下调Bcl-2/Bax比值,增加线粒体外膜通透性,释放凋亡因子,激活Caspase-3,使病变组织发生凋亡,扭转食管上皮异型增生,从而起到治疗食管癌前病变的作用。

从NF-κB/Bcl-2信号通路调控成纤维样滑膜细胞凋亡角度探讨中医药抑制类风湿关节炎滑膜炎症机制的研究进展

类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)是一种以关节滑膜炎症为主要特征的自身免疫性疾病,成纤维样滑膜细胞(fibroblast-like synoviocytes,FLS)的抗凋亡是导致该病病情发展的主要因素。如何促进FLS凋亡并抑制炎症反应是目前RA治疗和研究的重点。核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)/B淋巴细胞瘤-2(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)信号通路在RA发病过程中发挥了关键作用,其与FLS炎症倾向、抗凋亡等密切相关。研究并探讨NF-κB/Bcl-2信号通路调控FLS凋亡的机制及作用,介绍中医药靶向该通路促进FLS凋亡进而抑制RA滑膜炎症的研究现状,旨在为中医药治疗RA的研究提供一定基础。

桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤对魄不安于肺不寐大鼠脑组织Caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax水平的影响

目的:探讨桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤对魄不安于肺不寐大鼠脑组织Caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax表达的影响及其治疗魄不安于肺不寐可能的作用机制。方法:32只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、中药组和西药组,每组8只。采用水环境小平台法干预9 d建立魄不安于肺不寐大鼠模型,造模成功后,中药组予以桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤7.6 g·kg-1·d-1灌胃,西药组予以右佐匹克隆片0.1 mg·kg-1·d-1灌胃,对照组和模型组给予等体积生理盐水灌胃,连续14 d,测量体质量。采用免疫组织化学法及蛋白质免疫印迹法检测脑组织中Caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax表达水平。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠体质量减轻(P<0.01),免疫组化检测结果显示,大鼠脑组织Bcl-2的表达显著减少(P<0.01),Caspase-3、Bax表达显著增加(P<0.01),Bcl-2/Bax比率显著减少(P<0.01);Western blot结果显示大鼠脑组织Bcl-2相对表达量显著减少(P<0.01),Bax、Caspase-3相对表达量显著增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,中药组及西药组大鼠体质量显著增加(P<0.01),免疫组化检测结果显示,大鼠脑组织Bcl-2表达增加(P<0.05),Caspase-3、Bax表达减少(P<0.05),Bcl-2/Bax比率显著升高(P<0.01);Western blot结果显示大鼠脑组织中Bcl-2相对表达量增加(P<0.05),Bax、Caspase-3相对表达量显著减少(P<0.01)。结论:桂枝加龙骨牡蛎汤改善魄不安于肺不寐大鼠的睡眠可能与增加其脑组织Bcl-2、降低Caspase-3、Bax表达水平有关。

红景天苷调控NF-κB、Bcl-2信号通路对烟雾暴露大鼠氧化应激及肺血管内皮细胞凋亡的影响

目的探究红景天苷(SDS)通过调控B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路对烟雾暴露大鼠氧化应激及肺血管内皮细胞凋亡的机制。方法选取60只大鼠分为对照组、模型组、SDS 10 mg/kg、SDS 40 mg/kg、SDS 70 mg/kg、醋酸泼尼松(PNS)组,每组10只,除对照组外,其余均建立烟雾致肺损伤模型,对照组与模型组大鼠每日采用等量生理盐水灌胃;SDS高、中、低剂量组分别按70、40、10 mg/kg剂量给予SDS混悬液2 mL灌胃;PNS组给予PNS混悬液3.6 mg/kg灌胃,均每日1次,连续21 d。结果与对照组比较,模型组大鼠血清中丙二醛(MDA)、Bcl-2相关X因子(Bax)、NF-κB、p-NF-κB及细胞凋亡升高,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、Bcl-2降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,SDS各剂量组MDA、Bax、NF-κB、p-NF-κB及细胞凋亡均有所降低,SOD、Bcl-2也有所升高(P<0.05),且模型组与SDS 10 mg/kg组比较无明显差异(P>0.05),SDS 40 mg/kg组与PNS组比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。对照组大鼠肺组织良好;模型组肺损伤严重;药物干预后各组肺损伤均减轻。结论SDS可改善烟雾暴露大鼠肺损伤、氧化应激及血管内皮细胞凋亡,其机制可能与调控Bax/Bcl-2及NF-κB相关。

miR-181a靶向Bcl-2调控氧糖剥夺/再灌注模型诱导的SH-SY5Y神经细胞凋亡

目的皮层是响应脑缺血缺氧最为敏感的组织之一,基于前期深度测序技术,我们筛选获得响应脑缺血缺氧应激的皮层区目标基因miR-181a及Bcl-2。本研究旨在SH-SY5Y细胞株氧糖剥夺/复糖复氧模型验证二者靶向调控关系及功能,明确miR-181a—Bcl-2调控网络在OGD/R诱导的神经细胞凋亡中的作用。方法采用线栓法构建大鼠缺血缺氧再灌注损伤模型,脑切片TTC染色及行为学评分法评估模型。应用qRT-PCR及Western Blot验证目标基因的表达。生物信息学分析miR-181a与Bcl-2的靶向结合位点并比对结合位点的保守性,双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-181a与Bcl-2靶向结合的特异性。采用OGD/R细胞模型体外模拟脑缺血再灌注损伤,检测凋亡相关蛋白表达及Hoechst荧光染色评估细胞凋亡。结果大鼠大脑中动脉阻塞后miR-181a、Bcl-2表达变化趋势相反。RNA hybird软件预测miR-181a可结合Bcl-2的3′-UTR区,且结合区域高度保守。双荧光素酶报告基因实验发现,相对于Bcl-23′UTR-WT与mimic-NC共转染组,Bcl-23′UTR-WT与miR-181a mimic共转染后的荧光活性更低(P<0.001),而Bcl-2-Mut与miR-181a mimic共转染组,荧光活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。分别用miR-181a的模拟物及抑制物转染OGD/R诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞,miR-181a可以抑制Bcl-2 mRNA及其蛋白的表达水平(P<0.001)。过表达miR-181a显著增加了SH-SY5Y细胞的凋亡(P<0.001),而抑制miR-181a表达可使SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡显著降低(P<0.001)。结论miR-181a可靶向结合Bcl-2,下调miR-181a可通过促进Bcl-2的表达进而抑制SH-SY5Y神经细胞OGD/R损伤诱导的细胞凋亡。

海藻玉壶汤对甲亢大鼠Bax、Bcl-2 mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨海藻玉壶汤对甲亢大鼠Bax、Bcl-2 mRNA表达的影响。方法选取SPF级SD大鼠60只,雌雄各半,随机分为空白组、模型组,其中空白组10只,模型50只;模型组大鼠皮下注射L-左旋甲状腺素钠造模,1次/d,造模时间为1周,单次给药剂量0.35 mg/kg,造模结束后将大鼠分为模型组、甲巯咪唑(MMI)组,海藻玉壶汤低、中、高剂量组。给药组灌胃时间为8周,空白组与模型组给予等量的0.9%生理盐水灌胃,中药高、中、低各组剂量为42.86、21.43、12.44 g/kg,甲巯咪唑(MMI)组剂量为0.1875 g/kg。灌胃第0、8周应用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测各组大鼠T3、T4、TSH,灌胃结束后应用实时荧光定量PCR法(qPCR)检测各组甲状腺组织中Bax、Bcl-2 mRNA的表达,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察各组大鼠甲状腺组织病理形态,免疫荧光法检测大鼠甲状腺Bax、Bcl-2的表达。结果与空白组比较,模型组T3、T4显著升高,TSH下降(P<0.05);灌胃结束后,与模型组相比,甲巯咪唑(MMI)组、中药中高剂量组T3、T4下降,TSH上升(P<0.05),中药低剂量组T3、T4、TSH无明显改变。病理切片显示,模型组与空白组比较,甲状腺部分区域内甲状腺滤泡上皮增生,滤泡增大,大小形态不一。甲巯咪唑(MMI)组、中药中高剂量组甲状腺组织与模型组比较,甲状腺滤泡上皮无明显增生,滤泡大小形态不一,滤泡肿大较轻。免疫荧光结果显示:模型组与空白组比较,甲状腺中Bcl-2表达量增加,与模型组比较,甲巯咪唑(MMI)组、中药中高剂量组甲状腺中Bcl-2表达量下降,所有组甲状腺中Bax无明显变化。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(qPCR)结果显示:与空白组比较,模型组甲状腺中Bcl-2 mRNA表达量明显增加(P<0.05);与模型组比较,甲巯咪唑(MMI)组、中药中高剂量组甲状腺中Bcl-2 mRNA表达量下降(P<0.05);各组甲状腺中Bax mRNA表达量无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论海藻玉壶汤可通过抑制大鼠甲状腺Bcl-2 mRNA的表达改善甲亢大鼠病情,但对Bax mRNA的表达无明显影响。

骨松益骨方调控Beclin 1/Bcl-2对去卵巢大鼠骨细胞凋亡和自噬的影响

目的探讨骨松益骨方(GSYG)对去卵巢(OVX)大鼠骨质疏松的作用以及对Beclin 1/Bcl-2介导的骨细胞凋亡与自噬的影响。方法将大鼠随机分成假手术组(Sham)、模型组(Model)、GSYG低、中、高剂量组[1.25、2.5、5 g/(kg·d)]。通过ELISA检测大鼠血清中P1NP和β-CTX的水平;Micro-CT测定股骨骨密度以及微结构的变化;HE染色检查骨组织的形态学变化;TUNEL染色观察骨细胞凋亡;免疫组化观察骨组织中LC3的变化;Western blot法检测大鼠胫骨近端Bcl2、Bax、cleaved caspase-3、cleaved PARP、LC3、Beclin1的表达变化;免疫共沉淀法检测Beclin1和Bcl-2的相互作用。结果与模型组相比,GSYG中、高剂量组的P1NP和β-CTX水平显著降低(P<0.01);GSYG各剂量组骨的微结构明显改善(P<0.01);骨小梁明显增多;骨细胞凋亡明显减少(P<0.01);Bcl-2的表达显著升高(P<0.01),Bax表达显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),GSYG高剂量组中的cleaved caspase-3、cleaved PARP的蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01),GSYG中、高剂量组的LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ的比值与Beclin1蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01);免疫组化染色显示,与模型组相比GSYG各剂量组LC3蛋白显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01);免疫共沉淀的结果提示,模型组Beclin1和Bcl-2相互作用较强,而GSYG高剂量组中两者结合均减少。结论GSYG对OVX大鼠的骨质疏松发展有抑制作用,其机制与其调控Beclin 1/Bcl-2介导的凋亡与自噬有关。

新型大环Bcl-2抑制剂的设计合成及生物活性评价

目的 为克服Bcl-2的基因突变引起的耐药问题,设计并合成一系列新型Bcl-2抑制剂,并分别评价其对Bcl-2以及G101V、D103Y两种突变的抑制活性,探讨初步构效关系。方法 通过大环化设计,合成了一系列新型Bcl-2抑制剂,并通过^(1)H NMR和ESI-MS进行结构确证。采用时间分辨荧光共振能量转移技术(TR-FRET)和MTS法测定化合物对激酶和肿瘤细胞的抑制活性。结果 合成了1个阳性化合物和9个新型大环Bcl-2抑制剂。抑酶活性结果表明化合物28c、28d、28e、28f具有较强的抑制Bcl-2以及G101V、D103Y两种突变激酶的活性。结论 合成的新型大环Bcl-2抑制剂中部分化合物(28c、28e、28g和28i)对肿瘤细胞的增殖具有一定的抑制活性。

扶正散结方对肺腺癌Bax、Bcl-2表达及肿瘤生长的影响

目的:观察扶正散结方对肺腺癌Bax、Bcl-2表达及肿瘤生长的作用效果。方法:建立肺腺癌H1299细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,将20只荷瘤鼠随机分成模型对照组(后简称对照组)和扶正散结方干预组(2.275 g/mL) (后简称扶正散结方组)、扶正散结方联合阳性药物替吉奥干预组(后简称联合组)及阳性药物替吉奥对照组(后简称阳照组),每1 d灌胃给药1次,于每次给药前测定各组荷瘤鼠体质量,药物干预21 d后处死小鼠,剥离瘤体并称量瘤体质量,采用免疫组织化学染色检测不同处理组细胞Bax、Bcl-2表达水平。同时体外培养H1299细胞,应用细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)检测不同浓度扶正散结方对细胞增殖的影响。结果:与对照组[(22.8 1.0) g]比较,联合组[(19.10 ± 1.18) g]、阳照组[(20.10 ± 0.17) g]干预21 d后小鼠体质量增长均有明显下降(P P P < 0.05)。各浓度扶正散结方均可对体外培养的H1299细胞的增殖产生抑制效果,且此抑制效果随药物浓度增加与干预时间延长而提高。结论:扶正散结方对肺腺癌生长具有抑制作用,其可通过上调促凋亡蛋白,下调抗凋亡蛋白的表达达成上述目标。同时体外实验也证明,扶正散结方对肺腺癌H1299细胞的增殖具有抑制作用。即扶正散结方可通过促进凋亡及抑制增殖两方面实现抑制肿瘤生长。

缺氧诱导因子1α、Bcl-2/腺病毒E1B19kDa相互作用蛋白3在儿童创伤性脑损伤中的表达及意义

目的动态观察缺氧诱导因子1α(hypoxia-inducible factor 1α,HIF-1α)、Bcl-2/腺病毒E1B19kDa相互作用蛋白3(Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa-interacting protein 3,BNIP3)在儿童创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)中的变化,并评估其预测儿童TBI病情轻重及预后的临床价值。方法前瞻性纳入2021年1月—2023年7月47例中重度TBI患儿为研究对象,根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分分为中度亚组(9~12分)和重度亚组(3~8分);以同期因腹股沟斜疝诊治且无基础疾病的30例患儿为对照组。比较各组HIF-1α、BNIP3、自噬相关蛋白Beclin-1及S100B水平的差异,采用受试者操作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲线)评估HIF-1α、BNIP3、Beclin-1及S100B对TBI病情轻重及预后的预测价值。结果TBI组患儿血清HIF-1α、BNIP3、Beclin-1、S100B水平高于对照组(P<0.05);TBI患儿中,重度亚组HIF-1α、BNIP3、Beclin-1、S100B水平高于中度亚组(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,血清HIF-1α、BNIP3、Beclin-1、S100B水平与格拉斯哥昏迷评分呈负相关(P<0.05)。治疗7 d后,非手术TBI和手术TBI患儿的血清HIF-1α、BNIP3、Beclin-1及S100B水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清HIF-1α、BNIP3、Beclin-1、S100B水平预测重度TBI的曲线下面积分别为0.782、0.835、0.872、0.880(P<0.05),预测TBI预后不良的曲线下面积分别为0.749、0.775、0.814、0.751(P<0.05)。结论TBI患儿血清HIF-1α、BNIP3及Beclin-1水平显著升高,检测其水平有助于临床判断TBI患儿的病情轻重及预后。