Growth hormone promotes the reconstruction of injured axons in the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system

Previous studies have shown that growth hormone can regulate hypothalamic energy metabolism, stress, and hormone release. Therefore, growth hormone has great potential for treating hypothalamic injury. In this study, we established a specific hypothalamic axon injury model by inducing hypothalamic pituitary stalk electric lesions in male mice. We then treated mice by intraperitoneal administration of growth hormone. Our results showed that growth hormone increased the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 and its receptors, and promoted the survival of hypothalamic neurons, axonal regeneration, and vascular reconstruction from the median eminence through the posterior pituitary. Altogether, this alleviated hypothalamic injury-caused central diabetes insipidus and anxiety. These results suggest that growth hormone can promote axonal reconstruction after hypothalamic injury by regulating the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis.

Growth hormone improves insulin resistance in visceral adipose tissue after duodenal-jejunal bypass by regulating adiponectin secretion

BACKGROUND The mechanism of improvement of type 2 diabetes after duodenal-jejunal bypass(DJB)surgery is not clear.AIM To study the morphological and functional changes in adipose tissue after DJB and explore the potential mechanisms contributing to postoperative insulin sensitivity improvement of adipose tissue in a diabetic male rat model.METHODS DJB and sham surgery was performed in a-high-fat-diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.All adipose tissue was weighed and observed under microscope.Use inguinal fat to represent subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT)and mesangial fat to represent visceral adipose tissue.RNA-sequencing was utilized to evaluate gene expression alterations adipocytes.The hematoxylin and eosin staining,reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,western blot,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to study the changes.Insulin resistance was evaluated by immunofluorescence.RESULTS After DJB,whole body blood glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue improved.Fat cell volume in both visceral adipose tissue(VAT)and SAT increased.Compared to SAT,VAT showed more significantly functional alterations after DJB and KEGG analysis indicated growth hormone(GH)pathway and downstream adiponectin secretion were involved in metabolic regulation.The circulating GH and adiponectin levels and GH receptor and adiponectin levels in VAT increased.Cytological experiment showed that GH stimulated adiponectin secretion and improve insulin sensitivity.CONCLUSION GH improves insulin resistance in VAT in male diabetic rats after receiving DJB,possibly by increasing adiponectin secretion.

GHRP-6 Induces CREB Phosphorylation and Growth Hormone Secretion via a Protein Kinase Cσ-dependent Pathway in GH3 Cells

This study examined the effect of GHRP-6, a known GHSs receptor agonist, on the phosphorylation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein （CREB） and the tmderly mechanism. GH3 cells were cultured and subjected to different treatments as follows： GHRP-6, GHRP-6 plus GHRH, phorbol ester （PMA）, an activator of PKC, alone or in combination with GHRP-6, G66983, a general inhibitor of PKCs, in the presence or absence of GHRP-6, rottlerin, an inhibitor of PKCs, alone or plus GHRP-6. The cells were transiently transfected with PKCσ-specific siRNA and then treated with GHRP-6. GH level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The expression of phosphor-CREB, PKCσ, PKC0 and phosphor-PKCo was determined by Western blotting. The results showed that GHRP-6 stimulated GH secretion in both time- and dose-dependent manners and enhanced the effect of GHRH on GH secretion. GHRP-6 was also found to induce CREB phosphorylation. Moreover, GH secretion was enhanced by the PKC activator PMA and reduced by the PKC inhibitors （G66983, rottlerin） and knockdown of PKCσ. PKCσ could be activated by GHRP-6. It is concluded that PKC, especialiy PKCσ, mediates CREB phosphorylation and GHRP-6-induced GH secretion.

Effects of different doses of long-acting growth hormone in treating children with growth hormone deficiency

BACKGROUND With the improvement of economy and living standards,the attention paid to short stature in children has been increasingly highlighted.Numerous causes can lead to short stature in children,among which growth hormone deficiency(GHD)is a significant factor.AIM To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of different doses of long-acting polyethylene glycol recombinant human growth hormone(PEG-rhGH)in the treatment of GHD in children.METHODS We selected 44 pediatric patients diagnosed with GHD who were treated at Wuhu First People's Hospital from 2014 to 2018.Total 23 patients were administered a high dose of long-acting PEG-rhGH at 0.2 mg/kg subcutaneously each week,forming the high-dose group.Meanwhile,21 patients were given a lower dose of long-acting PEG-rhGH at 0.14 mg/kg subcutaneously each week,establishing the low-dose Group.The total treatment period was 2 years,during which we monitored the patients’height,annual growth velocity(GV),height standard deviation score(HtSDS),chronological age(CA),bone age(BA),and serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3(IGFBP-3)before treatment and at 6 mo,1 year,and 2 years after treatment initiation.We also monitored thyroid function,fasting plasma glucose,fasting insulin,and other side effects.Furthermore,we calculated the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance.RESULTS After 1 year of treatment,the GV,HtSDS,IGF-1,BA,and IGFBP-3 in both groups significantly improved compared to the pre-treatment levels(P<0.05).Moreover,when comparing GV,HtSDS,IGF-1,BA,and IGFBP-3 between the two groups,there were no statistically significant differences either before or after the treatment(P>0.05).During the treatment intervals of 0-1.0 years and 1.0-2.0 years,both patient groups experienced a slowdown in GV and a decline in HtSDS improvement(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The use of PEG-rhGH in treating GHD patients was confirmed to be effective,with similar outcomes observed in both the high-dose group and low-dose groups,and no significant differences in the main side effects.

Salt Stress Affects the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Altering the Antioxidant Machinery and Expression of Hormones and Stress- Specific Genes

Understanding physiological responses in saline agriculture may facilitate wheat breeding programs.Based on a screening test,the Ningmai-14(NM-14)and Yangmai-23(YM-23)wheat cultivars were selected for further experiments to understand the underlying salinity tolerance mechanism.This study investigated the effects of five salinity levels such as Control(CK)=0(without NaCl stress),S1=0.20%,S2=0.25%,S3=0.30%and S4=0.35%of NaCl concentrations of soil on wheat plants.The results showed that increased salinity concentration reduced the growth and yield of wheat cultivars(NM-14 and YM-23).However,YM-23(12.7%)yielded more than NM-14 at maximum salinity stress.The higher salinity(S4)increased the concentration of Na^(+)(4.3 to 5.8-fold)and P contents(2.5 to 2.2-fold),while reducing the average concentrations of K^(+),Cu,and K^(+)/Na^(+)ratio.The higher salinity(S4)reduced the spikelet length by 21.35%(followed by grain spike−1),and the starch content by 18.81%.In the YM-23 cultivar,higher salinity increased superoxide dismutase(SOD),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),and amylase.Compared to NM-14,induced expression of TaYUC2,6,and TaGA13ox,20ox genes were recorded in YM-23.Similarly,in YM-23 the stress-specific genes such as TaHSP70,90 were enhanced whereas,TaSOS1,2 were suppressed.Overall,our study revealed that salt tolerant cultivars modulate hormonal and antioxidant activities,thus maintaining high growth.

Gastric motor effects of ghrelin and growth hormone releasing peptide 6 in diabetic mice with gastroparesis

AIM:To investigate the potential therapeutic significance of ghrelin and growth hormone releasing peptide 6 (GHRP-6) in diabetic mice with gastric motility disorders. METHODS: A diabetic mouse model was established by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of alloxan. Diabetic mice were injected ip with ghrelin or GHRP-6 (20-200 μg/kg), and the effects on gastric emptying were measured after intragastric application of phenol red. The effect of atropine, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME) or D-Lys3-GHRP-6 (a growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) antagonist) on the gastroprokinetic effect of ghrelin or GHRP-6 (100 μg/kg) was also investigated. The effects of ghrelin or GHRP-6 (0.01-10 μmol/L) on spontaneous or carbachol-induced contractile amplitude were also investigated in vitro, in gastric fundic circular strips taken from diabetic mice. The presence of growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a transcripts in the fundic strips of diabetic mice was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: We established a diabetic mouse model with delayed gastric emptying. Ghrelin and GHRP-6 accelerated gastric emptying in diabetic mice with gastroparesis. In the presence of atropine or L-NAME, which delayed gastric emptying, ghrelin and GHRP-6 (100 μg/kg) failed to accelerate gastric emptying. D-Lys3-GHRP-6 also delayed gastric emptying induced by the GHS-R agonist. Ghrelin and GHRP-6 increased the carbachol-induced contractile amplitude in gastric fundicstrips taken from diabetic mice. RT-PCR confirmed the presence of GHS-R mRNA in the strip preparations. CONCLUSION: Ghrelin and GHRP-6 increase gastric emptying in diabetic mice with gastroparesis, perhaps by activating peripheral cholinergic pathways in the enteric nervous system.

Growth hormone and gastrointestinal malignancy:An intriguing link

Growth hormone(GH)excess is associated with several systemic complications,one of which is the increased risk of neoplastic processes particularly of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.Among the GI neoplasms,the most reported association is with benign and malignant neoplasms of the colon.In the majority of published literature,an increased incidence of GI neoplasms,both colonic adenomas as well as colorectal carcinoma is reported.However,the studies on colon cancer-specific mortality rate are conflicting with recent studies reporting similar cancer-specific mortality rates in comparison to controls.Many studies have reported an association of colorectal neoplasms with GH levels.Pathogenic mechanisms put forward to explain this association of GH excess and GI neoplasms primarily involve the increased GH-insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1)signaling.Both GH and IGF-1 have proliferative,anti-apoptotic,and angiogenic effects on the systemic tissues leading to cellular proliferation.Other contributing factors to the increased risk of GI neoplasms include slow intestinal transit with a redundant large bowel,altered bile acids,deranged local immune response,shared genetic susceptibility factors and hyperinsulinemia.In view of the increased risk association,most guidelines for the care of acromegaly patients recommend an initial screening colonoscopy.Recommendations for further follow-up colonoscopy differ but broadly,the guidelines agree that it depends on the findings at first colonoscopy and state of remission of GH excess.Regarding the concern about the risk of colorectal cancers in patients receiving recombinant GH therapy,most cohort studies do not show an increased risk.

戈舍瑞林联合rhGH对中枢性性早熟患儿生长速度、子宫与卵巢容积及骨代谢的影响

目的探讨戈舍瑞林联合重组人生长激素(rhGH)对中枢性性早熟患儿生长速度、子宫与卵巢容积及骨代谢的影响。方法选取遵化市人民医院于2020年5月至2022年4月收治的84例诊断为中枢性性早熟的女童作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组(n=42)和对照组(n=42)。对照组采用皮下注射戈舍瑞林治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用rhGH治疗。计算两组患儿治疗前后生长速度、测定骨龄及预测成年身高;B超下观察并计算两组患儿子宫和卵巢容积;采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测Ⅰ型原胶原氨基N端前肽(PINP)、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端肽交联(β-CTX)、骨钙素N端中分子片段(N-MID)水平;采用放射免疫法检测卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E_(2))和黄体生成素(LH)水平。结果治疗前两组患儿身高、预测成年身高、生长速度、骨龄、子宫和卵巢容积、PINP、β-CTX、N-MID、E_(2)、FSH和LH水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后两组患儿身高、预测成年身高及生长速度较治疗前增加,且观察组治疗后身高、预测成年身高、生长速度高于对照组(t=2.812、2.159、2.049,P<0.05);治疗后两组患儿子宫和卵巢容积较治疗前缩小,且观察组小于对照组(t=5.014、3.492,P<0.05);治疗后两组患儿PINP、N-MID、E_(2)、FSH和LH水平较治疗前下降,且观察组低于对照组(t=3.503、2.230、3.694、3.158、2.458,P<0.05)。观察组和对照组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论戈舍瑞林联合rhGH能够减缓中枢性性早熟患儿第二性征发育,调节骨代谢和性激素水平。

Analysis of SNPs in the Promoter Region of the Growth Hormone(GH) Gene in Mini-pigs

Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of the growth hormone(GH) gene were investigated in six pig breeds,consisting of four mini-pig breeds(Wuzhishan,Bama,Xiang and Tibet pig),and two others(Dahlan and Landrace pig).Three pairs of primers for promoter regions of the GH gene were designed on the basis of the pig genomic sequence and SNPs were detected by the PCR-SSCP method.The results indicated three mutations in the 5’-flanking region.The analysis results showed that the frequencies of allele A and D in four mini-pig breeds were higher than that in other breeds at a locus within the 5’-flanking region(P【0.05).These results suggest that differences in body size may be associated with these SNPs of 5’-flanking region and amino acid mutation of the signal peptide of GH in these pig breeds.

自制生长贴联合rhGH治疗儿童特发性矮身材的临床疗效观察

目的探讨自制生长贴联合重组人生长激素(rhGH)对儿童特发性矮身材(ISS)的临床疗效。方法选取2022年1月至12月在襄阳市中医医院就诊的90例ISS患儿,随机分为对照组1、对照组2和实验组,每组30例。对照组1予以rhGH治疗,对照组2予以自制生长贴治疗,实验组予以生长贴联合rhGH治疗,疗程均为12个月,比较三组治疗前、后身高和骨龄的变化情况。结果与治疗前相比,三组治疗后的身高值和骨龄均有明显增长(P<0.05);组间比较,三组的治疗效果相当(P>0.05)。治疗后实验组的生长速率明显快于两组对照组(P<0.05)。结论自制生长贴联合rhGH治疗儿童ISS能显著增高患儿身高,值得临床推广应用。

Do tensile and shear forces exerted on cells influence mechanotransduction through stored energy considerations?

All tissues in the body are subjected externally to gravity and internally by collagenfibril and cellular retractive forces that create stress and energy equilibrium required for homeostasis.Mechanotransduction involves mechanical work(force through a distance)and energy storage as kinetic and potential energy.This leads to changes in cell mitosis or apoptosis and the synthesis or loss of tissue components.It involves the application of energy directly to cells through integrin-mediated processes,cell-cell connections,stretching of the cell cytoplasm,and activation of the cell nucleus via yes-associated protein(YAP)and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-motif(TAZ).These processes involve numerous complexes,intermediate molecules,and multiple pathways.Several pathways have been identified from research studies on vertebrate cell culture and from studies in invertebrates.These pathways involve mechanosensors and other molecules that activate the pathways.This review discusses the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)family,Hippo,Hedgehog,and Wingless-related integration site(WNT)/βcatenin signaling pathways.The mediators covered includeβcatenin,ion channels,growth factors,hormone receptors,members of the Ras superfamily,and components of the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton(LINC)complex.However,the interrelationship among the different pathways remains to be clarified.Integrin-mediated mechanotransduction involves direct tensile loading and energy applied to the cell membrane via collagenfibril stretching.This energy is transferred between cells by stretching the cell-cell connections involving cadherins and the WNT/βcatenin pathway.These alterations induce changes in intracellular events in the cytoskeleton and nuclear skeleton caused by the release of YAP and TAZ.These coactivators then penetrate through the nuclear pores and influence nuclear cell function.Alteration in the balance of forces and energy applied to cells and tissues is hypothesized to shift the cell-extracellular matrix mechanical equilibrium by modifying mechanotransduction.The shift in equilibrium can lead to either tissue synthesis,genetic modifications,or promotefibrotic diseases,including epithelial cell-derived cancers,depending on the local metabolic conditions.

Changes in Serum Leptin Levels during r-hGH Treatment in Growth Hormone-Deficient Children

To observe the effect of growth hormone on serum leptin levels, serum leptin concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay in 12 prebutal children with growth hormone deficiency 1, 3 and 6 months before and after the treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (r hGH). For comparison, 34 normal prepubertal children were also investigated. Relationship between leptin levels and body mass index (BMI) was observed at the same time. Our results showed that serum leptin level in normal prepubertal children was 1.22±0.34 ng/ml; the pretreatment serun leptin levels in GHD children was 3.08±2.41 ng/ml, which was significantly different from those 1, 3 and 6 months after GH treatment (i.e. 1.64±1.37 ng/ml,1.57±1.40 ng/ml and 1.35±0.89 ng/ml respectively) (all P <0.001). Our results suggested that r hGH has a suppressive effect on leptin expression.

Construction of Controllable Expression Vector of Mus musculus Growth Hormone (GH) shRNA and Its Gene Si- lencing Efficiency Detection

Growth hormone （GH） is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the pituitary, which promotes animal growth, muscle development, metabolism regulation and other important physiological functions. In this study, a pair of mGH short hairpin RNA （shRNA） was designed according to mouse （ Mus musculus） GH mRNA sequence; pSingle-tTS-mGH shRNA-RFP, an integrated controllable expression vector of mGH shRNA, was constructed successfully. The recombinant vector was transfected into mouse pituitary tumor cell line AtT-20. After addition of doxycyelin （ DOX）, the expression of red fluorescent protein （RFP） was observed un- der a fluorescent microscope. The expression level of mGH in cells was detected by quantitative Realtime PCR （qRT-PCR） and Western blot. After DOX induction, the relative expression level of GH mRNA in cells transfected with GH shRNA was reduced by about 70% compared with that in DOX-free group and other control groups, exhibiting extremely significant differences （P 〈 0.01 ） ; moreover, the relative expression level of GH protein was reduced by about 90% ; the expression level of GH mRNA and GH protein exhibited no significant difference among other groups （P 〉 0.05）. In this study, a controllable expression vector of GH shRNA with high gene silencing efficiency was constructed successfully, which could be used to reveal GH autocfine / paracrine interactions and analyze functions of GH gene in growth, development and disease occurrence of animals by regulating GH expression levels.

重组人生长激素治疗对身材矮小症患儿血清IGF-1、Ghrelin及LP水平的影响

目的探讨重组人生长激素(rhGH)治疗对身材矮小症患儿的疗效及其对血清胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)、饥饿激素(Ghrelin)及瘦素(LP)水平的影响。方法选择该院2021年1—12月收治的身材矮小症患儿79例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组39例和观察组40例。对照组采用加强营养,并补充钙质、微量元素和各种维生素等常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上给予rhGH治疗,两组治疗时间均为12个月。比较两组患儿治疗前和治疗12个月后身高、生长速度、身高标准差积分(HtSDS)及血清IGF-1、Ghrelin、LP水平变化,比较两组不良反应发生情况。结果治疗前,两组患儿身高、生长速度、HtSDS及血清IGF-1、Ghrelin、LP水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗12个月后,两组患儿身高、HtSDS及血清IGF-1、LP水平均高于治疗前,生长速度均快于治疗前,血清Ghrelin水平均低于治疗前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患儿治疗12个月后身高、HtSDS及血清IGF-1、LP水平均高于对照组,生长速度快于对照组,血清Ghrelin水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组患儿治疗期间未出现任何不良反应,观察组治疗期间出现甲状腺功能减退1例,膝部疼痛2例,但两组患儿不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论rhGH可有效改善身材矮小症患儿血清IGF-1、Ghrelin及LP水平,促进患儿生长,临床疗效满意,安全性高,值得临床应用。

维生素 B12、FA、GH与乙型肝炎肝硬化患者肝功能的相关性

目的探讨维生素B12(VitB12)、叶酸(FA)、生长激素(GH)与乙型肝炎肝硬化患者肝功能的相关性。方法选取2020年1月—2021年12月安阳市第一人民医院收治的乙型肝炎肝硬化患者148例作为肝硬化组,同期纳入正常体检患者100例作为正常对照组,抽取两组空腹静脉血,检测并对比两组血清VitB12、FA、GH及肝生化指标丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBil)水平,根据肝功能Child-Pugh分级,将其分为Child-PughA级、B级和C级,对比三组血清指标,采用Pearson相关系数分析ALT、AST、TBil与VitB12、FA、GH水平之间的相关性。结果肝硬化组血清VitB12、GH、ALT、AST、TBil为(321.81±37.81)ng/L、(7.21±1.23)μg/L、(91.78±10.28)U/L、(99.01±15.78)U/L、(66.21±14.91)μmol/L明显高于正常对照组,FA水平为(5.21±1.90)μg/L明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05);肝功能按Child-Pugh分级,其中A、B、C级分别30、71、47例,Child-PughA级血清VitB12、GH、ALT、AST、TBil分水平分别为(271.91±31.90)ng/L、(5.91±1.19)μg/L、(82.90±14.91)U/L、(72.90±16.91)U/L、(32.91±10.21)μmol/L显著低于B级的(331.09±37.91)ng/L、(7.57±1.20)μg/L、(95.25±13.30)U/L、(101.78±20.21)U/L、(68.91±16.89)μmol/L或C级的(442.10±40.81)ng/L、(9.21±1.43)μg/L、(137.91±14.89)U/L、(182.91±30.22)U/L、(172.14±17.82)μmol/L,A级血清FA水平为(7.89±1.21)μg/L明显高于B级(5.01±1.23)μg/L或C级(2.90±0.51)μg/L(P<0.05);通过Pearson相关系数分析显示,血清VitB12、GH与肝生化指标ALT、AST、AST呈正相关,血清FA与肝生化指标ALT、AST、AST呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论随着乙型肝炎肝硬化肝功能损伤的加重,会导致血清VitB12、GH水平上升,FA水平下降,因此血清VitB12、GH、FA可作为评估肝损伤程度的有效指标。

卡麦角林联合神经内镜辅助下经鼻蝶窦垂体瘤切除术治疗老年垂体瘤对PRL HGH及ACTh水平的影响

目的探讨卡麦角林与神经内镜下经鼻蝶窦垂体瘤切除术联用对老年垂体瘤患者的治疗效果及对泌乳素(PRL)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTh)、生长激素(HGH)的影响。方法选取2020-05—2023-05运城市中心医院收治的老年垂体瘤患者82例,随机分为对照组41例,研究组41例。对照组采用神经内镜下经鼻蝶入路手术治疗,研究组在此基础上加用卡麦角林。比较2组总有效率、激素水平、炎症因子指标、生活质量评分及治疗安全性。结果研究组总有效率(92.68%)较对照组(75.61%)更高(P<0.05)。2组患者的激素水平均有明显改善,研究组PRL、ACTH、HGH水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后炎症因子水平均下降,研究组基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)、Xklp2靶蛋白(TPX2)、P53蛋白水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后2组患者的生活质量均明显改善,研究组生活质量量表(SF-36)评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗安全性无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论对老年垂体瘤患者采用神经内镜下经典术式与卡麦角林联合治疗,可有效提高患者的生活质量,减轻炎症反应,效果较为理想,临床应用价值较高。

阿尔茨海默病患者血清Ghrelin的表达水平及临床意义

目的:探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者血清生长激素促泌素(Ghrelin)的表达水平及临床意义。方法:纳入48例AD患者作为病例组(AD组);同期52名健康体检者作为对照组。采集受试者清晨空腹外周静脉血3 mL,离心,收集血清,采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清Ghrelin水平。比较两组血清Ghrelin水平及MMSE评分,不同特征AD患者及病情严重程度血清Ghrelin水平变化;采用ROC曲线分析Ghrelin对AD诊断价值;采用Pearson相关分析Ghrelin与不同临床资料相关性。结果:AD组Ghrelin水平和MMSE评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。不同性别、年龄和体质量指数患者血清Ghrelin水平无统计学差异(P>0.05);病程>3年患者血清Ghrelin水平低于病程≤3年患者(P<0.05)。不同病情严重程度AD患者血清Ghrelin水平比较:重度组<中度组<轻度组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清Ghrelin诊断AD敏感度、特异度分别为87.5%、91.7%。经Pearson分析,Ghrelin与病程负相关,与MMSE评分正相关(P<0.05)。结论:AD患者血清Ghrelin水平下降,且与患者病程>3年、病情重度及MMSE评分下降相关。

淇河鲫生长激素(growth hormone)全长cDNA的克隆与序列分析

用RT-PCR法和3′、5′RACE(Rapid amplification of cDNAends)法从淇河鲫脑垂体RNA克隆出生长激素(Growth hormone,GH)cDNA.此cDNA全长1191 nt(含Poly(A)14 nt),其5′端非编码区长55 nt、阅读框(Open readingframe,OAF)长633 nt,3′端非编码区长503 nt.其推导的GH由210个氨基酸组成,其中氮端前22个氨基酸为信号肽部分.氨基酸序列比较表明:淇河鲫与同目的鲫鱼、鲤鱼、团头鲂和斑马鱼的同源性分别为98.6%,96.2%,91.5%和88.6%;与不同目鱼的胡子鲇和鳗鲡的同源性分别为74.6%和49.5%;与哺乳类的家鼠和人等的同源性低于40%.

急性胰腺炎患者血清中CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平变化与病情进展的关系

目的探讨血清C反应蛋白(CRP)/清蛋白(ALB)、人生长激素释放肽(Ghrelin)、缺血修饰清蛋白(IMA)水平变化与急性胰腺炎(AP)患者病情进展的关系及临床意义。方法选取2019年5月至2022年5月该院106例AP患者作为观察组,其中轻症56例、重症50例;另选取同期该院体检健康者60例作为对照组。比较两组及观察组组内不同病情程度患者血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平,分析血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平与病情程度的相关性,评估血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平对重症AP的诊断价值,并分析血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平与AP患者死亡风险的关系。结果观察组血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平均高于对照组(P<0.05);AP患者入院72 h内血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平均先升高后下降,且重症患者入院时,入院24、48及72 h血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平均高于轻症患者(P<0.05);AP患者入院72 h时血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平与病情严重程度[急性胰腺炎严重程度床边指数(BISAP评分、Ranson评分]呈正相关(P<0.05);以重症患者为阳性,轻症患者为阴性,入院48 h血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA水平诊断重症AP患者的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.783、0.764、0.821,各指标联合诊断的AUC为0.924,大于各指标单独诊断(P<0.05);血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA高水平组病死风险分别是低水平组的2.927、2.464、3.157倍。结论血清CRP/ALB、Ghrelin、IMA与AP病情密切相关,可为临床早期病情评估及预测预后结局提供参考依据,以制订相应治疗方案,降低病死风险。