Substantial evidence exists that in addition to the well-known complications of diabetes, increased fracture risk is an important morbidity. This risk is probably due to altered bone properties in diabetes. Circulatin...Substantial evidence exists that in addition to the well-known complications of diabetes, increased fracture risk is an important morbidity. This risk is probably due to altered bone properties in diabetes. Circulating biochemical markers of bone turnover have been found to be decreased in type 2 diabetes （T2D） and may be predictive of fractures independently of bone mineral density （BMD）. Serum sclerostin levels have been found to be increased in T2D and appear to be predictive of fracture risk independent of BMD. Bone imaging technologies, including trabecular bone score （TBS） and quantitative CT testing have revealed differences in diabetic bone as compared to non-diabetic individuals. Specifically, high resolution peripheral quantitative CT （HRpQCT） imaging has demonstrated increased cortical porosity in diabetic postmenopausal women. Other factors such as bone marrow fat saturation and advanced glycation endproduct （AGE） accumulation might also relate to bone cell function and fracture risk in diabetes. These data have increased our understanding of how T2D adversely impacts both bone metabolism and fracture risk.展开更多
While quality assessment is essential for testing, optimizing, benchmarking, monitoring, and inspecting related systems and services, it also plays an essential role in the design of virtually all visual signal proces...While quality assessment is essential for testing, optimizing, benchmarking, monitoring, and inspecting related systems and services, it also plays an essential role in the design of virtually all visual signal processing and communication algorithms, as well as various related decision-making processes. In this paper, we first provide an overview of recently derived quality assessment approaches for traditional visual signals (i.e., 2D images/videos), with highlights for new trends (such as machine learning approaches). On the other hand, with the ongoing development of devices and multimedia services, newly emerged visual signals (e.g., mobile/3D videos) are becoming more and more popular. This work focuses on recent progresses of quality metrics, which have been reviewed for the newly emerged forms of visual signals, which include scalable and mobile videos, High Dynamic Range (HDR) images, image segmentation results, 3D images/videos, and retargeted images.展开更多
目的探讨中老年2型糖尿病患者生活质量,并对相关影响因素进行分析。方法对2021年1—12月在泉州市三级医院住院治疗94例中老年2型糖尿病患者采用信效度和敏感度均较好的生活质量综合评定问卷(generic quality of life inventory-74,GQOL ...目的探讨中老年2型糖尿病患者生活质量,并对相关影响因素进行分析。方法对2021年1—12月在泉州市三级医院住院治疗94例中老年2型糖尿病患者采用信效度和敏感度均较好的生活质量综合评定问卷(generic quality of life inventory-74,GQOL I-74)调查生活质量,并进一步采用单因素和多元逐步回归分析法分析患者生活质量的影响因素。结果94例患者生活质量总评分为(58.68±12.87)分,其中躯体功能最低,社会功能最高。94例患者的焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)评分和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depressionscale,SDS)评分均显著高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据评分标准,发生焦虑35例(37.23%),发生抑郁43例(45.74%)。单因素分析显示,病程、并发症、年龄、婚姻状况、收入、焦虑、抑郁、体育锻炼、工作状态、血糖控制情况与患者生活质量评分有关(P<0.05),其中病程超过10年、有并发症、年龄≥60分、月均收入<1000元、下岗无业、未婚、离异或丧偶、血糖控制不理想、焦虑、抑郁、不经常进行体育锻炼患者的生活质量评分更低,多元逐步回归分析结果显示出现糖尿病并发症月均收入<1000元、合并焦虑情绪、合并抑郁情绪、血糖控制效果不佳、病程超过10年是2型糖尿病患者生存质量降低的危险因素,经常进行体育锻炼是患者生存质量的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病患者生存质量影响因素较多,应加大糖尿病知识宣传,对患者的生活方式进行指导,坚持药物、饮食、运动等多种方法治疗,减轻精神压力,以改善患者生活质量。展开更多
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are gaining widespread recognition in numerous technological fields owing to its superior mechanical properties when compared with conventional metals/alloys. The aluminium based hybrid ...Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are gaining widespread recognition in numerous technological fields owing to its superior mechanical properties when compared with conventional metals/alloys. The aluminium based hybrid composites are increasingly being used in the transport, aerospace, marine, automobile and mineral processing industries, owing to the improved strength, stiffness and wear resistance properties. In the present research work, the composites were prepared using the liquid metallurgy technique, in which 2 - 10 weight percentage of Al2O3 particulates and 1 weight percentage of Graphite were dispersed in the base Al6061 alloy. The Casted hybrid composites were subjected to machining process to prepare the specimens according to ASTM standards. Then, the prepared specimens are subjected for assessing the Microstructure followed by its Mechanical behaviors such as, Hardness, Tensile strength, Compressive strength respectively. The microstructure analysis confirms that homogenous distribution of Al2O3 and Gr in the Al6061 matrix alloy and there was a momentous enhancement in decisive tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness properties of the hybrid composite. However, a substantial increase in the compressive strength was noticed in graphite reinforced composites as the graphite content was increased and there was a significant diminution in hardness coupled with monotonic increases in the ductility. Further, the ultimate tensile strength and compressive strength of the composite was noticed;thus the outcome of the study will provide explicit rationalizations for these observable facts. Therefore, the proposed way out in the study can provide ample of approaches to minimize the existing problem by employing this newer hybrid composites.展开更多
目的通过AMSTAR-2及GRADE对中医治疗胃食管反流病的Meta分析文献进行质量评价及分级,以期为临床医师使用中医治疗胃食管反流病提供参考。方法系统检索中国知网、万方-中国学术期刊数据库、中文科技期刊数据库(维普)、中国生物医学文献...目的通过AMSTAR-2及GRADE对中医治疗胃食管反流病的Meta分析文献进行质量评价及分级,以期为临床医师使用中医治疗胃食管反流病提供参考。方法系统检索中国知网、万方-中国学术期刊数据库、中文科技期刊数据库(维普)、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science,建立纳入及排除标准,筛选采用中医治疗胃食管反流病的Meta分析文献,使用AMSTAR-2及GRADE进行方法学质量评价及证据分级。结果最终纳入18篇文献,对于反流性食管炎和胃食管反流病,单纯采用中医药或者联合西药其疗效均优于单纯采用西药治疗,且复发率均低于西药组。但通过AMSTAR-2质量评价发现仅1篇文献可信度为中,1篇文献可信度为低,其余16篇文献可信度为极低。GRADE分级发现有效率、胃镜下有效率、复发率、不良反应率评级为低级或极低级,主要原因是研究局限性大。结论中医治疗胃食管反流病具有一定优势,但方法学质量及证据分级较低,需谨慎看待本研究结果,未来临床医师需不断提高临床研究质量,提高中医临床循证证据。展开更多
文摘Substantial evidence exists that in addition to the well-known complications of diabetes, increased fracture risk is an important morbidity. This risk is probably due to altered bone properties in diabetes. Circulating biochemical markers of bone turnover have been found to be decreased in type 2 diabetes （T2D） and may be predictive of fractures independently of bone mineral density （BMD）. Serum sclerostin levels have been found to be increased in T2D and appear to be predictive of fracture risk independent of BMD. Bone imaging technologies, including trabecular bone score （TBS） and quantitative CT testing have revealed differences in diabetic bone as compared to non-diabetic individuals. Specifically, high resolution peripheral quantitative CT （HRpQCT） imaging has demonstrated increased cortical porosity in diabetic postmenopausal women. Other factors such as bone marrow fat saturation and advanced glycation endproduct （AGE） accumulation might also relate to bone cell function and fracture risk in diabetes. These data have increased our understanding of how T2D adversely impacts both bone metabolism and fracture risk.
基金partially supported by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong SAR, China (Project CUHK 415712)the Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund (AcRF) Tier 2 in Singapore under Grant No. T208B1218
文摘While quality assessment is essential for testing, optimizing, benchmarking, monitoring, and inspecting related systems and services, it also plays an essential role in the design of virtually all visual signal processing and communication algorithms, as well as various related decision-making processes. In this paper, we first provide an overview of recently derived quality assessment approaches for traditional visual signals (i.e., 2D images/videos), with highlights for new trends (such as machine learning approaches). On the other hand, with the ongoing development of devices and multimedia services, newly emerged visual signals (e.g., mobile/3D videos) are becoming more and more popular. This work focuses on recent progresses of quality metrics, which have been reviewed for the newly emerged forms of visual signals, which include scalable and mobile videos, High Dynamic Range (HDR) images, image segmentation results, 3D images/videos, and retargeted images.
文摘目的探讨中老年2型糖尿病患者生活质量,并对相关影响因素进行分析。方法对2021年1—12月在泉州市三级医院住院治疗94例中老年2型糖尿病患者采用信效度和敏感度均较好的生活质量综合评定问卷(generic quality of life inventory-74,GQOL I-74)调查生活质量,并进一步采用单因素和多元逐步回归分析法分析患者生活质量的影响因素。结果94例患者生活质量总评分为(58.68±12.87)分,其中躯体功能最低,社会功能最高。94例患者的焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)评分和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depressionscale,SDS)评分均显著高于国内常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据评分标准,发生焦虑35例(37.23%),发生抑郁43例(45.74%)。单因素分析显示,病程、并发症、年龄、婚姻状况、收入、焦虑、抑郁、体育锻炼、工作状态、血糖控制情况与患者生活质量评分有关(P<0.05),其中病程超过10年、有并发症、年龄≥60分、月均收入<1000元、下岗无业、未婚、离异或丧偶、血糖控制不理想、焦虑、抑郁、不经常进行体育锻炼患者的生活质量评分更低,多元逐步回归分析结果显示出现糖尿病并发症月均收入<1000元、合并焦虑情绪、合并抑郁情绪、血糖控制效果不佳、病程超过10年是2型糖尿病患者生存质量降低的危险因素,经常进行体育锻炼是患者生存质量的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病患者生存质量影响因素较多,应加大糖尿病知识宣传,对患者的生活方式进行指导,坚持药物、饮食、运动等多种方法治疗,减轻精神压力,以改善患者生活质量。
文摘Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are gaining widespread recognition in numerous technological fields owing to its superior mechanical properties when compared with conventional metals/alloys. The aluminium based hybrid composites are increasingly being used in the transport, aerospace, marine, automobile and mineral processing industries, owing to the improved strength, stiffness and wear resistance properties. In the present research work, the composites were prepared using the liquid metallurgy technique, in which 2 - 10 weight percentage of Al2O3 particulates and 1 weight percentage of Graphite were dispersed in the base Al6061 alloy. The Casted hybrid composites were subjected to machining process to prepare the specimens according to ASTM standards. Then, the prepared specimens are subjected for assessing the Microstructure followed by its Mechanical behaviors such as, Hardness, Tensile strength, Compressive strength respectively. The microstructure analysis confirms that homogenous distribution of Al2O3 and Gr in the Al6061 matrix alloy and there was a momentous enhancement in decisive tensile strength, compressive strength and hardness properties of the hybrid composite. However, a substantial increase in the compressive strength was noticed in graphite reinforced composites as the graphite content was increased and there was a significant diminution in hardness coupled with monotonic increases in the ductility. Further, the ultimate tensile strength and compressive strength of the composite was noticed;thus the outcome of the study will provide explicit rationalizations for these observable facts. Therefore, the proposed way out in the study can provide ample of approaches to minimize the existing problem by employing this newer hybrid composites.
文摘目的通过AMSTAR-2及GRADE对中医治疗胃食管反流病的Meta分析文献进行质量评价及分级,以期为临床医师使用中医治疗胃食管反流病提供参考。方法系统检索中国知网、万方-中国学术期刊数据库、中文科技期刊数据库(维普)、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science,建立纳入及排除标准,筛选采用中医治疗胃食管反流病的Meta分析文献,使用AMSTAR-2及GRADE进行方法学质量评价及证据分级。结果最终纳入18篇文献,对于反流性食管炎和胃食管反流病,单纯采用中医药或者联合西药其疗效均优于单纯采用西药治疗,且复发率均低于西药组。但通过AMSTAR-2质量评价发现仅1篇文献可信度为中,1篇文献可信度为低,其余16篇文献可信度为极低。GRADE分级发现有效率、胃镜下有效率、复发率、不良反应率评级为低级或极低级,主要原因是研究局限性大。结论中医治疗胃食管反流病具有一定优势,但方法学质量及证据分级较低,需谨慎看待本研究结果,未来临床医师需不断提高临床研究质量,提高中医临床循证证据。
