The problem of robust H_∞ control for uncertain neutral stochastic systems with time-varying delay is discussed.The parameter uncertaintie is assumed to be time varying norm-bounded.First,the stochastic robust stabil...The problem of robust H_∞ control for uncertain neutral stochastic systems with time-varying delay is discussed.The parameter uncertaintie is assumed to be time varying norm-bounded.First,the stochastic robust stabilization of the stochastic system without disturbance input is investigated by nonlinear matrix inequality method.Then,a full-order stochastic dynamic output feedback controller is designed by solving a bilinear matrix inequality(BMI),which ensures a prescribed stochastic robust H_∞ performance level for the resulting closed-loop system with nonzero disturbance input and for all admissible uncertainties.An illustrative example is provided to show the feasibility of the controller and the potential of the proposed technique.展开更多
This paper considers the design problem of static output feedback H ∞ controllers for descriptor linear systems with linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of...This paper considers the design problem of static output feedback H ∞ controllers for descriptor linear systems with linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a static output feedback H ∞ controller are given in terms of LMIs. Furthermore, the design method of H ∞ controllers is provided using the solutions to the LMIs.展开更多
A new proportional-integral (PI) sliding surface is designed for a class of uncertain nonlinear state-delayed systems. Based on this, an adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) is synthesized, which guarantees the...A new proportional-integral (PI) sliding surface is designed for a class of uncertain nonlinear state-delayed systems. Based on this, an adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) is synthesized, which guarantees the occurrence of sliding mode even when the system is undergoing parameter uncertainties and external disturbance. The resulting sliding mode has the same order as the original system, so that it becomes easy to solve the H∞ control problem by designing a memoryless H∞ state feedback controller. A delay-dependent sufficient condition is proposed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which guarantees the sliding mode robust asymptotically stable and has a noise attenuation level γ in an H∞ sense. The admissible state feedback controller can be found by solving a sequential minimization problem subject to LMI constraints by applying the cone complementary linearization method. This design scheme combines the strong robustness of the sliding mode control with the H∞ norm performance. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.展开更多
The reliable design problem for linear systems is concerned with. A more practical model of actuator faults than outage is considered. An LMI approach of designing reliable controller is presented for the case of actu...The reliable design problem for linear systems is concerned with. A more practical model of actuator faults than outage is considered. An LMI approach of designing reliable controller is presented for the case of actuator faults that can be modeled by a scaling factor. The resulting control systems are reliable in that they provide guaranteed asymptotic stability and H∞ performance when some control component (actuator) faults occur. A numerical example is also given to illustrate the design procedure and their effectiveness. Furthermore, the optimal standard controller and the optimal reliable controller are compared to show the necessity of reliable control.展开更多
Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) fuzzy model is difficult to be linearized because of membership functions included.So,novel T-S fuzzy state transformation and T-S fuzzy feedback are proposed for the linearization of T-S fuzzy syst...Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) fuzzy model is difficult to be linearized because of membership functions included.So,novel T-S fuzzy state transformation and T-S fuzzy feedback are proposed for the linearization of T-S fuzzy system.The novel T-S fuzzy state transformation is the fuzzy combination of local linear transformation which transforms local linear models in the T-S fuzzy model into the local linear controllable canonical models.The fuzzy combination of local linear controllable canonical model gives controllable canonical T-S fuzzy model and then nonlinear feedback is obtained easily.After the linearization of T-S fuzzy model,a robust H∞ controller with the robustness of sliding model control(SMC) is designed.As a result,controlled T-S fuzzy system shows the performance of H∞ control and the robustness of SMC.展开更多
The problem of robust stabilization for uncertain continuous descriptor system with state and control delay is considered. The time-varying parametric uncertainty is assumed to be norm-bounded. The purpose of the robu...The problem of robust stabilization for uncertain continuous descriptor system with state and control delay is considered. The time-varying parametric uncertainty is assumed to be norm-bounded. The purpose of the robust stabilization is to design a memoryless state feedback law such that the resulting closed-loop system is robustly stable A sufficient condition that uncertain continuous descriptor system is robustly stabilizabled by state feedback law is derived in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI). Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.展开更多
This paper presents a robust H∞ output feedback control approach for structural systems with uncertainties in model parameters by using available acceleration measurements and proposes conditions for the existence of...This paper presents a robust H∞ output feedback control approach for structural systems with uncertainties in model parameters by using available acceleration measurements and proposes conditions for the existence of such a robust output feedback controller. The uncertainties of structural stiffness, damping and mass parameters are assumed to be norm-bounded. The proposed control approach is formulated within the framework of linear matrix inequalities, for which existing convex optimization techniques, such as the LM1 toolbox in MATLAB, can be used effectively and conveniently. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed robust H∞ strategy, a six-story building was subjected both to the 1940 E1 Centro earthquake record and to a suddenly applied Kanai-Tajimi filtered white noise random excitation. The results show that the proposed robust H∞ controller provides satisfactory results with or without variation of the structural stiffness, damping and mass parameters.展开更多
This paper studies the robust stochastic stabilization and robust H∞ control for linear time-delay systems with both Markovian jump parameters and unknown norm-bounded parameter uncertainties. This problem can be sol...This paper studies the robust stochastic stabilization and robust H∞ control for linear time-delay systems with both Markovian jump parameters and unknown norm-bounded parameter uncertainties. This problem can be solved on the basis of stochastic Lyapunov approach and linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. Sufficient conditions for the existence of stochastic stabilization and robust H∞ state feedback controller are presented in terms of a set of solutions of coupled LMIs. Finally, a numerical example is included to demonstrate the practicability of the proposed methods.展开更多
This paper studies the distributed H∞control problem of identical linear time invariant multi-agent systems subject to external disturbances. A directed graph containing a spanning tree is used to model the communica...This paper studies the distributed H∞control problem of identical linear time invariant multi-agent systems subject to external disturbances. A directed graph containing a spanning tree is used to model the communication topology. Based on the relative states of the neighbor agents and a subset of absolute states of the agents, distributed static H∞controllers are proposed. The concept of an H∞performance region is extended to the directed graph situation. Then the results are used to solve the leader–follower H∞consensus problem. Sufficient conditions are proposed based on bounded real lemma and algebraic graph theory. The effectiveness of the theoretical results is illustrated via numerical simulations.展开更多
The problem of fuzzy modeling for state and input time-delays systems with a class of nonlinear uncertainties by fuzzy T-S model is addressed.By using the linear matrix inequality(LMI) method, the problem of fuzzy r...The problem of fuzzy modeling for state and input time-delays systems with a class of nonlinear uncertainties by fuzzy T-S model is addressed.By using the linear matrix inequality(LMI) method, the problem of fuzzy robust H ∞ controller design for the system is studied.Assuming that the nonlinear uncertain functions in the model considered are gain-bounded, a sufficient condition for the robustly asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is obtained via Lyapunov stability theory.By solving the LMI, a feedback control law which guarantees the robustly asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is constructed and the effect of the disturbance input on the controlled output is ruduced to a prescribed level.展开更多
The robust H∞ control problem of norm bounded uncertain discrete Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with state delay is addressed. First, by constructing an appropriate basis-dependent Lyapunov-Krasovskii function, ...The robust H∞ control problem of norm bounded uncertain discrete Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with state delay is addressed. First, by constructing an appropriate basis-dependent Lyapunov-Krasovskii function, a new delay-dependent sufficient condition on robust H∞-disturbance attenuation is presented, in which both robust stability and prescribed H∞ performance are guaranteed to be achieved. Then based on the condition, a delay-dependent robust Hoo controller design scheme is developed in term of a convex algorithm. Finally, examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
The robust H∞ control for networked control systems with both stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout is studied. When data are transmitted over network, the stochastic data packet dropout process ca...The robust H∞ control for networked control systems with both stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout is studied. When data are transmitted over network, the stochastic data packet dropout process can be described by a two-state Markov chain. The networked control systems with stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout are modeled as a discrete time Markov jump linear system with two operation modes. The sufficient condition of robust H∞ control for networked control systems stabilized by state feedback controller is presented in terms of linear matrix inequality. The state feedback controller can be constructed via the solution of a set of linear matrix inequalities. An example is given to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed.展开更多
The robust reliable H∞ control problem for discrete-time Markovian jump systems with actuator failures is studied. A more practical model of actuator failures than outage is considered. Based on the state feedback me...The robust reliable H∞ control problem for discrete-time Markovian jump systems with actuator failures is studied. A more practical model of actuator failures than outage is considered. Based on the state feedback method, the resulting closed-loop systems are reliable in that they remain robust stochastically stable and satisfy a certain level of H∞ disturbance attenuation not only when all actuators are operational, but also in case of some actuator failures, The solvability condition of controllers can be equivalent to a feasibility problem of coupled linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A numerical example is also given to illustrate the design procedures and their effectiveness.展开更多
The robust H∞ control problem for discrete-time uncertain systems is investigated in this paper. The uncertain systems are modelled as a polytopic type with linear fractional uncertainty in the vertices. A new linear...The robust H∞ control problem for discrete-time uncertain systems is investigated in this paper. The uncertain systems are modelled as a polytopic type with linear fractional uncertainty in the vertices. A new linear matrix inequality (LMI) characterization of the H∞ performance for discrete systems is given by introducing a matrix slack variable which decouples the matrix of a Lyapunov function candidate and the parametric matrices of the system. This feature enables one to derive sufficient conditions for discrete uncertain systems by using parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions with less conservativeness. Based on the result, H∞ performance analysis and controller design are carried out. A numerical example is included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.展开更多
The H_∞ performance analysis and controller design for linear networked control systems(NCSs) are presented.The NCSs are considered a linear continuous system with time-varying interval input delay by assuming that t...The H_∞ performance analysis and controller design for linear networked control systems(NCSs) are presented.The NCSs are considered a linear continuous system with time-varying interval input delay by assuming that the sensor is time-driven and the logic Zero-order-holder(ZOH) and controller are event-driven.Based on this model,the delay interval is divided into two equal subintervals for H_∞ performance analysis.An improved H_∞ stabilization condition is obtained in linear matrix inequalities(LMIs) framework by adequately considering the information about the bounds of the input delay to construct novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals(LKFs).For the purpose of reducing the conservatism of the proposed results,the bounds of the LKFs differential cross terms are properly estimated without introducing any slack matrix variables.Moreover,the H_∞ controller is reasonably designed to guarantee the robust asymptotic stability for the linear NCSs with an H_∞ performance level γ.Numerical simulation examples are included to validate the reduced conservatism and effectiveness of our proposed method.展开更多
The relationship between the technique by state- dependent Riccati equations (SDRE) and Hamilton-Jacobi-lsaacs (HJI) equations for nonlinear H∞ control design is investigated. By establishing the Lyapunov matrix ...The relationship between the technique by state- dependent Riccati equations (SDRE) and Hamilton-Jacobi-lsaacs (HJI) equations for nonlinear H∞ control design is investigated. By establishing the Lyapunov matrix equations for partial derivates of the solution of the SDREs and introducing symmetry measure for some related matrices, a method is proposed for examining whether the SDRE method admits a global optimal control equiva- lent to that solved by the HJI equation method. Two examples with simulation are given to illustrate the method is effective.展开更多
An approach is proposed to design decentralized state feedback H ∞ suboptimal controllers for LTI interconnected large scale systems. The parametrization theorem of decentralized robust state feedback controllers is ...An approach is proposed to design decentralized state feedback H ∞ suboptimal controllers for LTI interconnected large scale systems. The parametrization theorem of decentralized robust state feedback controllers is developed in two steps and the design condition for the feedback gain is in the form of matrix inequalities. An iterative solution algorithm based on linear matrix inequality(LMI) techniques is proposed to obtain the decentralized feedback gain. The given examples are taken to show the application and the convergence of the algorithm.展开更多
In this paper, the dynamic observer-based controller design for a class of neutral systems with H∞ control is considered. An observer-based output feedback is derived for systems with polytopic parameter uncertaintie...In this paper, the dynamic observer-based controller design for a class of neutral systems with H∞ control is considered. An observer-based output feedback is derived for systems with polytopic parameter uncertainties. This controller assures delay-dependent stabilization and H∞ norm bound attenuation from the disturbance input to the controlled output. Numerical examples are provided for illustration and comparison of the proposed conditions.展开更多
This paper presents state space methods for decentralized Hoe control, which contain two respects: a parametrization approach and an iterative algorithm. For large scale systems with N subsystems, decentralized Hoe c...This paper presents state space methods for decentralized Hoe control, which contain two respects: a parametrization approach and an iterative algorithm. For large scale systems with N subsystems, decentralized Hoe con trollers can be derived by a parametrization result for centralized Her: controllers and designed by an iterative algorithm with structured constraint to the controllers.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(607404306646087403160904060)
文摘The problem of robust H_∞ control for uncertain neutral stochastic systems with time-varying delay is discussed.The parameter uncertaintie is assumed to be time varying norm-bounded.First,the stochastic robust stabilization of the stochastic system without disturbance input is investigated by nonlinear matrix inequality method.Then,a full-order stochastic dynamic output feedback controller is designed by solving a bilinear matrix inequality(BMI),which ensures a prescribed stochastic robust H_∞ performance level for the resulting closed-loop system with nonzero disturbance input and for all admissible uncertainties.An illustrative example is provided to show the feasibility of the controller and the potential of the proposed technique.
文摘This paper considers the design problem of static output feedback H ∞ controllers for descriptor linear systems with linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a static output feedback H ∞ controller are given in terms of LMIs. Furthermore, the design method of H ∞ controllers is provided using the solutions to the LMIs.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(69874008)
文摘A new proportional-integral (PI) sliding surface is designed for a class of uncertain nonlinear state-delayed systems. Based on this, an adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) is synthesized, which guarantees the occurrence of sliding mode even when the system is undergoing parameter uncertainties and external disturbance. The resulting sliding mode has the same order as the original system, so that it becomes easy to solve the H∞ control problem by designing a memoryless H∞ state feedback controller. A delay-dependent sufficient condition is proposed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which guarantees the sliding mode robust asymptotically stable and has a noise attenuation level γ in an H∞ sense. The admissible state feedback controller can be found by solving a sequential minimization problem subject to LMI constraints by applying the cone complementary linearization method. This design scheme combines the strong robustness of the sliding mode control with the H∞ norm performance. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
基金This project was supported by the Education Foundation of liaoning province (ECL-202263357)
文摘The reliable design problem for linear systems is concerned with. A more practical model of actuator faults than outage is considered. An LMI approach of designing reliable controller is presented for the case of actuator faults that can be modeled by a scaling factor. The resulting control systems are reliable in that they provide guaranteed asymptotic stability and H∞ performance when some control component (actuator) faults occur. A numerical example is also given to illustrate the design procedure and their effectiveness. Furthermore, the optimal standard controller and the optimal reliable controller are compared to show the necessity of reliable control.
基金Research financially supported by Changwon National University in 2009
文摘Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) fuzzy model is difficult to be linearized because of membership functions included.So,novel T-S fuzzy state transformation and T-S fuzzy feedback are proposed for the linearization of T-S fuzzy system.The novel T-S fuzzy state transformation is the fuzzy combination of local linear transformation which transforms local linear models in the T-S fuzzy model into the local linear controllable canonical models.The fuzzy combination of local linear controllable canonical model gives controllable canonical T-S fuzzy model and then nonlinear feedback is obtained easily.After the linearization of T-S fuzzy model,a robust H∞ controller with the robustness of sliding model control(SMC) is designed.As a result,controlled T-S fuzzy system shows the performance of H∞ control and the robustness of SMC.
基金This project was supported by the Science and Technology Found of Liaoning Province (200140104)
文摘The problem of robust stabilization for uncertain continuous descriptor system with state and control delay is considered. The time-varying parametric uncertainty is assumed to be norm-bounded. The purpose of the robust stabilization is to design a memoryless state feedback law such that the resulting closed-loop system is robustly stable A sufficient condition that uncertain continuous descriptor system is robustly stabilizabled by state feedback law is derived in terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI). Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China Under Grant No. 50608012 and No.10472023The Cardiff Advanced Chinese Engineering Centre
文摘This paper presents a robust H∞ output feedback control approach for structural systems with uncertainties in model parameters by using available acceleration measurements and proposes conditions for the existence of such a robust output feedback controller. The uncertainties of structural stiffness, damping and mass parameters are assumed to be norm-bounded. The proposed control approach is formulated within the framework of linear matrix inequalities, for which existing convex optimization techniques, such as the LM1 toolbox in MATLAB, can be used effectively and conveniently. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed robust H∞ strategy, a six-story building was subjected both to the 1940 E1 Centro earthquake record and to a suddenly applied Kanai-Tajimi filtered white noise random excitation. The results show that the proposed robust H∞ controller provides satisfactory results with or without variation of the structural stiffness, damping and mass parameters.
文摘This paper studies the robust stochastic stabilization and robust H∞ control for linear time-delay systems with both Markovian jump parameters and unknown norm-bounded parameter uncertainties. This problem can be solved on the basis of stochastic Lyapunov approach and linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. Sufficient conditions for the existence of stochastic stabilization and robust H∞ state feedback controller are presented in terms of a set of solutions of coupled LMIs. Finally, a numerical example is included to demonstrate the practicability of the proposed methods.
文摘This paper studies the distributed H∞control problem of identical linear time invariant multi-agent systems subject to external disturbances. A directed graph containing a spanning tree is used to model the communication topology. Based on the relative states of the neighbor agents and a subset of absolute states of the agents, distributed static H∞controllers are proposed. The concept of an H∞performance region is extended to the directed graph situation. Then the results are used to solve the leader–follower H∞consensus problem. Sufficient conditions are proposed based on bounded real lemma and algebraic graph theory. The effectiveness of the theoretical results is illustrated via numerical simulations.
基金supported by the Program for Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (4062030)Young Teacher Research Foundation of North China Electric Power University
文摘The problem of fuzzy modeling for state and input time-delays systems with a class of nonlinear uncertainties by fuzzy T-S model is addressed.By using the linear matrix inequality(LMI) method, the problem of fuzzy robust H ∞ controller design for the system is studied.Assuming that the nonlinear uncertain functions in the model considered are gain-bounded, a sufficient condition for the robustly asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is obtained via Lyapunov stability theory.By solving the LMI, a feedback control law which guarantees the robustly asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system is constructed and the effect of the disturbance input on the controlled output is ruduced to a prescribed level.
文摘The robust H∞ control problem of norm bounded uncertain discrete Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with state delay is addressed. First, by constructing an appropriate basis-dependent Lyapunov-Krasovskii function, a new delay-dependent sufficient condition on robust H∞-disturbance attenuation is presented, in which both robust stability and prescribed H∞ performance are guaranteed to be achieved. Then based on the condition, a delay-dependent robust Hoo controller design scheme is developed in term of a convex algorithm. Finally, examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金the National Science and the Technology Pursuit Project of China (2001BA204B01)
文摘The robust H∞ control for networked control systems with both stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout is studied. When data are transmitted over network, the stochastic data packet dropout process can be described by a two-state Markov chain. The networked control systems with stochastic network-induced delay and data packet dropout are modeled as a discrete time Markov jump linear system with two operation modes. The sufficient condition of robust H∞ control for networked control systems stabilized by state feedback controller is presented in terms of linear matrix inequality. The state feedback controller can be constructed via the solution of a set of linear matrix inequalities. An example is given to verify the effectiveness of the method proposed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60574001)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (05-0485)Program for Innovative Research Team of Jiangnan University
文摘The robust reliable H∞ control problem for discrete-time Markovian jump systems with actuator failures is studied. A more practical model of actuator failures than outage is considered. Based on the state feedback method, the resulting closed-loop systems are reliable in that they remain robust stochastically stable and satisfy a certain level of H∞ disturbance attenuation not only when all actuators are operational, but also in case of some actuator failures, The solvability condition of controllers can be equivalent to a feasibility problem of coupled linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A numerical example is also given to illustrate the design procedures and their effectiveness.
基金This work was partially supported by RGC Grant 7103/01P and the open project of the state key Laboratory of intelligent and Systems,Tsinghua University(No.0406).
文摘The robust H∞ control problem for discrete-time uncertain systems is investigated in this paper. The uncertain systems are modelled as a polytopic type with linear fractional uncertainty in the vertices. A new linear matrix inequality (LMI) characterization of the H∞ performance for discrete systems is given by introducing a matrix slack variable which decouples the matrix of a Lyapunov function candidate and the parametric matrices of the system. This feature enables one to derive sufficient conditions for discrete uncertain systems by using parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions with less conservativeness. Based on the result, H∞ performance analysis and controller design are carried out. A numerical example is included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
基金Project (61304046) supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Young Scholar of ChinaProject (F201242) supported by Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China
文摘The H_∞ performance analysis and controller design for linear networked control systems(NCSs) are presented.The NCSs are considered a linear continuous system with time-varying interval input delay by assuming that the sensor is time-driven and the logic Zero-order-holder(ZOH) and controller are event-driven.Based on this model,the delay interval is divided into two equal subintervals for H_∞ performance analysis.An improved H_∞ stabilization condition is obtained in linear matrix inequalities(LMIs) framework by adequately considering the information about the bounds of the input delay to construct novel Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals(LKFs).For the purpose of reducing the conservatism of the proposed results,the bounds of the LKFs differential cross terms are properly estimated without introducing any slack matrix variables.Moreover,the H_∞ controller is reasonably designed to guarantee the robust asymptotic stability for the linear NCSs with an H_∞ performance level γ.Numerical simulation examples are included to validate the reduced conservatism and effectiveness of our proposed method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60874114)
文摘The relationship between the technique by state- dependent Riccati equations (SDRE) and Hamilton-Jacobi-lsaacs (HJI) equations for nonlinear H∞ control design is investigated. By establishing the Lyapunov matrix equations for partial derivates of the solution of the SDREs and introducing symmetry measure for some related matrices, a method is proposed for examining whether the SDRE method admits a global optimal control equiva- lent to that solved by the HJI equation method. Two examples with simulation are given to illustrate the method is effective.
文摘An approach is proposed to design decentralized state feedback H ∞ suboptimal controllers for LTI interconnected large scale systems. The parametrization theorem of decentralized robust state feedback controllers is developed in two steps and the design condition for the feedback gain is in the form of matrix inequalities. An iterative solution algorithm based on linear matrix inequality(LMI) techniques is proposed to obtain the decentralized feedback gain. The given examples are taken to show the application and the convergence of the algorithm.
文摘In this paper, the dynamic observer-based controller design for a class of neutral systems with H∞ control is considered. An observer-based output feedback is derived for systems with polytopic parameter uncertainties. This controller assures delay-dependent stabilization and H∞ norm bound attenuation from the disturbance input to the controlled output. Numerical examples are provided for illustration and comparison of the proposed conditions.
文摘This paper presents state space methods for decentralized Hoe control, which contain two respects: a parametrization approach and an iterative algorithm. For large scale systems with N subsystems, decentralized Hoe con trollers can be derived by a parametrization result for centralized Her: controllers and designed by an iterative algorithm with structured constraint to the controllers.