Research on the Species Diversity of Flower-visiting Syrphidae in the Farmland of Hanzhong Area

[Objective] The aim was to explore the species diversity of flower-visiting Syrphidae in the farmland of Hanzhong area.[Method] Based on the sample collection and the sorting and identification of collected specimens and literature,the species and their seasonal changes of flower-visiting Syrphidae in the agroecosystem of Hanzhong area were systematically analyzed.[Result] 5 015 specimens of Syrphidae were cheaked in this study,and 141 species of 53 genera of 16 families in three subfamilies of flower-visiting species of Syrphidae were identified in farmland of Hanzhong area,in which 65 species were Syrphinae;72 species were Milesiinae;while four species were Microdontinae.The species of Syrphidae in this region were active in April,May,June and July.There were two dominant species in this region,including Episyrphus balteatus and Eristalis tenax.[Conclusion] This study had provided theoretical basis for the studies on the flower-visiting habit and fecundation of insects of Syrphidae in this area.

Flower-visiting Habitus of Three Common Syrphids in Farmland of Hanzhong Area in Early Spring

[Objective] The paper was to study the flower-visiting habitus of three common syrphids in farmland of Hanzhong area in early spring.[Method] The active flower-visiting syrphids in farmland of hanzhong area in early spring was investigated,the annual activity rhythm,flower-visiting behavior,characteristics of mouthparts and their flower-visiting adaptability of three common syrphids were studied.[Result] About 20 species of active flower-visiting syrphids were found in farmland of hanzhong area in early spring,Eristalis tenax （Linnaeus,1758）,Episyrphus balteatus （De Geer,1776） and Eristalis cerealis Fabricius,1805 were predominant species in farmland.These three species could be found in farmland of Hanzhong area almost throughout the year,and they mainly activated on the flowers of rape and composites on the ridge of field in early spring.The activities of these flower-visiting syrphids were important to pollination of rape.The syrphid mouthparts had no structural characters in adaptation to flower-visiting,but the mouthparts were shorter,which was adaptive to visit the flowers with open and shallower corolla.[Conclusion] The results provided theoretical basis for further study on flower-visiting habitus and pollination effect of syrphids.

Test and Analysis of Indoor Thermal Environment of Urban Heating Residential Building in Hanzhong Area

By testing indoor and outdoor thermal environment of residential buildings that apply 4 mostused heating ways in Hantai District,Hanzhong City,this paper explored the indoor thermal environment conditions of different heating ways,to provide references for choosing a suitable heating way in the local area.

Climatic Zoning of Tea Tree Planting in Hanzhong City

[ Objective] The research aimed to study climatic zoning of tea tree cultivation in Hanzhong. [Method] Based on climate data at 11 meteorological observatories of Hanzhong during 1971 -2010, selecting annual average extreme minimum temperature, annual average temperature, accumulative temperature ≥10 ℃ and annual rainfall as climatic zoning factors, regression model between zoning factors and geographic information was established, and comprehensive climatic zoning indicator of tea tree cultivation in Hanzhong was determined. [ Result] Tea tree cultivation in Hanzhong was divided into suitable, more suitable and unsuitable planting zones by using critical value of climatic zoning. [ Conclusion] The research could provide scientific basis for reasonable planning layout and sustainable development of tea tree in the whole city.

Energy-saving Planning and Design of Urban Residential Buildings in Hanzhong Area

Energy-saving design of residential building is an important part of energy-saving architectural design. Planning and design of residential buildings in Hanzhong area should pay more attention to the building orientation, sunshine, summer ventilation and wind resistance in winter and so on, so as to create favorable conditions for energy-saving design of single buildings. The geographical location, climatic characteristics, residents living habits and indoor and outdoor thermal environment situation were analyzed in this paper, and combined with the existing problems of energy conservation in the planning and layout of residential buildings in Hanzhong area. Based on the investigation, this paper drew some conclusions to provide references for the energy-saving planning and design of urban residential buildings in the local area.

Evaluation of intelligent tourism information service capabilities:A case study of Hanzhong City

In the era of the rapid development of information technology,it is of great significance to study the combination of intelligent tourism industry and information industry and evaluate the intelligent tourism information service capabilities(ITISC).The purpose of this study is to explore a methodological approach of assessing ITISC,and offer insights into the theoretical investigation and practical development of ITISC.First,factor analysis is used to determine the object of intelligent tourism information service and the key evaluation items of ITISC.Next,analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is applied to the ITISC evaluation of Hanzhong City,a popular tourist attraction in China,as an example to verify the authenticity and operability of the index system.Then,importance-performance analysis is conducted to diagnose the strengths and weaknesses of Hanzhong City’s ITISC construction and some corresponding measures are put forward.The findings suggest that only through the improvement of tourism public database,the establishment of big data analysis system and the application of various forms of mobile intelligent terminal can achieve the generalization of tourism information,seamless,instant,precise and interactive,which will be the development goal of intelligent tourism information service.

汉中地区构造演化及寒武系页岩气形成地质条件研究

近年来陕南地区页岩气勘探取得了一定的成果,与其同属扬子板块北缘的汉中地区也被认为具有较好的页岩气资源前景。本文利用野外地质调查、二维地震、岩石学及有机地球化学等资料,对汉中地区构造演化及寒武系页岩气地质条件开展研究。结果表明,汉中地区经历了南华纪—三叠纪海相演化、三叠纪末—白垩纪陆内演化和新生代断陷盆地三个演化阶段,寒武系牛蹄塘组和石牌组为海陆过渡相沉积,其中暗色泥岩有机质类型以Ⅱ1型和Ⅱ2型为主,TOC含量0.45%~2.79%,Ro为0.61%~1.21%,整体属于中等—好的成熟烃源岩,具备良好的生烃潜力;且牛蹄塘组灰黑色粉砂质泥岩中有机质较为丰富,石英等脆性矿物及黏土矿物含量较高,微裂缝及孔隙发育,有利于页岩气生成、赋存以及后期开发。综合分析认为汉中地区寒武系具备良好的页岩气资源前景,且东部地质条件优于西部。

3个高香型茶树品种在陕西汉中地区的适应性研究

为筛选适宜汉中地区种植的高香型优良茶树品种,引进了黄观音、茗科1号和金牡丹3个高香型茶树品种,以福鼎大白茶(CK)为对照,开展了连续5年的适应性、适制性等综合性状观测评价试验。结果表明,3个品种引种适应性强或较强,幼年期生长势中等,春季发芽期中等,新梢芽叶带不同程度紫色,加工工夫红茶品质优良,加工烘青绿茶品质优良或中等,鲜叶产量中等,抗寒性较强或中等。3个品种较适宜在汉中及气候相似地区种植,可作为高香型红茶品种引进,应采用黑色地膜栽植方式建园,以降低冻害影响,确保一次成园。

汉中市2010-2022年麻风流行特征分析

目的:了解陕西省汉中市2010-2022年麻风的流行特征,为今后制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法:收集汉中市2010-2022年麻风病例资料,对麻风患病率、新发率、复发率,患者的性别、年龄、职业、地域、发现方式、传染来源等进行描述性分析。结果:汉中市2010-2022年共发现麻风患者88例,其中新发79例、复发9例,年平均发现率0.20/105,年平均患病率0.86/105。新发病人数和新发率除2014年稍微有所反弹外,其余呈逐年下降趋势。发病人数最多的为洋县、宁强县,其次为城固县、勉县。新发病例男女性别比2.59∶1,平均发病年龄(47.94±13.12)岁,中年居多,以农民为主。多菌型占97.47%,MB∶PB为38.5∶1,2级畸残率40.51%,平均诊断延迟期65.73个月,发现方式以皮肤科就诊发现(占48.10%)、自报和他报(34.18%)为主,传染来源不明者占63.29%,家族内传染者占29.11%。结论:汉中市2010-2022年麻风发病呈逐年下降趋势,目前处于低流行状态。新发病例存在诊断延迟期长,畸残率高,传染来源不明等情况。今后应加强麻风健康教育、症状监测、强化病例发现工作,缩短诊断延迟期,降低畸残率。

历史专业学生碑刻文献释读能力培养探究——以陕西理工大学为例

碑刻遗存对于地域历史文化研究有着不可估量的学术价值,碑刻文献释读能力是历史学专业学生必备的学术素养。碑刻文献释读能力的培养既可以提升学生的文化素养,又能增强其实践能力。将碑刻文献列入实践教学当中,通过教学方法与教学理念创新、课程目标设置体系定位等途径,积极带领学生走进田野,开拓碑刻文献阅读视野,更新学术观念。在陕西理工大学历史学专业教学中,以五门堰碑刻解读作为教学尝试,不失为实践教学的成功范例。

汉中市生态旅游气候资源特征分析

气候资源合理开发利用是生态文明建设的重要组成部分。通过分析汉中市2015-2022年SO_(2)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)质量浓度,空气质量指数(AQI),环境空气质量优良天数,大气空气质量综合指数以及市域内11个国家气象站气温、降水量、降水日数、日照等气象观测资料,评估汉中市生态旅游气候资源特征,以期为合理规划和深度挖掘汉中市生态旅游气候资源提供科学依据。结果表明:2015-2022年汉中市主要大气污染物质量浓度整体呈逐年下降趋势;大气空气质量综合指数呈逐年下降趋势,2022年达到最低;2015-2022年环境空气质量优良天数均达到280 d以上,呈逐年明显增加趋势;大气空气质量指数月分布呈先减后增的变化趋势,1月份最高,达到中度污染级别,10月份最小,达优秀级别。2015-2022年汉中市年平均气温为14.5℃,极端最高气温为42.0℃,出现在8月份,极端最低气温为-15.6℃,出现在1月份;年均降水量为980.1 mm,降水主要集中在每年的6-10月份,年降水日数集中在每年的4-10月份,年均日照时数为1525.9 h,每年的2-8月份日照时数较多,均在100 h以上,峰值出现在7月份。

陕西汉中民居特征分析与新民居设计

汉中民居生长于秦巴山区独特的自然气候与地理环境,滋养于多元移民文化,形成了建筑风格杂糅并举,布局依山傍水、自由灵活的特征。针对汉中民居夏热冬冷地区建筑兼顾冬夏、重视通风设计等需求,在面向未来的新民居建设中,地域材料与现代建材相结合,从平面布局入手延续传统,并结合现代需求,运用缓冲空间、自然通风、遮阳与被动式太阳能利用等技术,改善建筑性能与提升热舒适性,探索汉中民居的新模式。

陕西省汉中市1~6岁儿童血清维生素D水平调查及影响因素分析

目的调查陕西省汉中市儿童血清维生素D水平及其分布状态,为预防儿童维生素D缺乏提供依据。方法选取汉中市中心医院儿童保健门诊2019年3月~2021年2月6780例1~6岁体检儿童为研究对象,采用液相色谱串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)法检测血清25羟基维生素D[25-hydroxyvitamin D,25(OH)D],25羟基维生素D_(2)[25-hydroxyvitamin D_(2),25(OH)D_(2)]和25羟基维生素D_(3)[25-hydroxyvitamin D_(3),25(OH)D_(3)]水平,并分析不同年龄、性别、季节间差异。结果儿童总体血清25(OH)D,25(OH)D_(2),25(OH)D_(3)水平分别为38.24±9.84 ng/ml,2.31±3.91 ng/ml和35.93±9.93 ng/ml。维生素D缺乏率为2.74%(186/6780),不足率为18.29%(1240/6780),充足率为78.97%(5354/6780)。1~2岁、2~3岁和3~6岁儿童血清25(OH)D和25(OH)D_(3)水平随年龄增长而逐渐降低,维生素D缺乏率增加,差异具有统计学意义(F=1153.499,1165.341,1374.051,均P<0.05)。不同性别儿童血清25(OH)D,25(OH)D_(2),25(OH)D_(3)水平和维生素D营养分布状态比较,差异均无统计学意义(t/χ^(2)=0.727,1.271,0.222,2.659,均P>0.05)。冬季儿童血清25(OH)D和25(OH)D_(3)水平均低于春、夏、秋季,差异具有统计学意义(q=6.853,7.281,6.801;5.341,6.225,5.989,均P<0.01);维生素D缺乏率高于春、夏、秋季(6.60%vs 2.64%,1.91%,1.66%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=31.733,52.252,57.756,均P<0.01)。结论汉中市3~6岁儿童普遍存在维生素D缺乏或不足,应加强冬季户外活动,鼓励血清维生素D水平监测,必要时补充维生素D。

基于InVEST模型的汉中市生态系统服务及其权衡协同关系研究

基于InVEST模型,利用汉中市2000年、2010年、2020年土地利用与土地覆被数据,气温、降水以及植被归一化指数等基础数据,模拟分析了汉中市碳储量、产水量、生境质量、水质净化以及土壤保持服务的空间动态格局及其权衡协同关系,利用热点分析方法确定各生态系统服务重点功能区域。结果显示,汉中市生境质量整体水平较高,生境质量与碳储量之间一直保持较高程度的协同关系。该结果可为区域生态问题的精准识别以及生态修复重点区域的划定提供参考。

8个雪茄烟品种比较试验的主成分分析

对陕西汉中烟区引种的8个雪茄烟品种进行堆积发酵试验,综合测定和比较分析8个供试品种发酵后烟叶的感官质量、化学成分、物理特性和中性致香物质,初步筛选出适宜在陕西汉中种植的优良雪茄烟品种。结果表明:不同品种雪茄烟叶发酵后品质差异显著;QX103、海研103的感官质量得分排名较高,烟气细腻,有回甘且余味较干净;QX103、海研101和海研103的常规化学成分综合得分排名较高,化学成分总体相对协调;川雪3号、QX103和海研204的物理特性综合得分排名较高,其单叶重较重,叶片较厚;川雪3号、QX206、QX204的中性致香物质综合得分排名较高,其中性致香物质种类较多且含量较高。综合各项品质指标,QX103、QX206、海研101和海研103的整体品质表现较优,其中海研101可作为茄衣种植,QX103、QX206和海研103可作为茄芯烟叶种植;QX201、QX204、海研204和川雪3号的整体品质表现较差。

汉江上游平水期浮游植物群落特征及水质生物评价

探究平水期汉江上游浮游植物群落结构特征和水质状况,为汉江上游水源涵养区水生态环境管理提供参考。于2020年4月对汉江汉中段干流及11条主要支流的浮游植物和水体理化指标进行调查分析。结果显示:汉江汉中段干支流共检出浮游植物6门35属51种,物种组成为硅藻-绿藻型,优势种为小环藻(Cyclotella sp.)、舟形藻(Navicula sp.)、尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)、箱型桥弯藻(Cymbella cistula)、棒胶藻(Rhabdogloea sp.)、二角多甲藻(Peridinium bipes)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)以及卵形隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata)。浮游植物细胞密度为0.39×10^(6)~3.59×10^(6)个/L,生物量为0.39~3.49 mg/L。Shannon多样性指数(0.64~2.15)和Pielou均匀度指数(0.28~0.81)变化趋势一致,干流略低于支流。结合水体理化指标、营养状态指数、污染指示种以及多样性指数对水质进行综合评价,汉江汉中段干支流处于轻度污染~α-中污染状况,营养状态为轻度富营养。RDA与Spearman相关性分析表明,TN是影响浮游植物群落结构及动态的主要环境因子。

秦巴山区地质灾害危险性评价研究——以汉中市为例

我国秦巴地区地质灾害多发,为了探索该区域地质灾害危险性分布特征,以汉中市为研究区,根据区内生态地质环境特点,选取海拔、坡度、岩土类型、距断层距离、距河流距离、距道路距离、年降水量、归一化植被指数、土地利用类型等9项因子构建地质灾害危险性评价指标体系。利用层次分析法和主成分分析法求得各评价指标的组合权重,在ArcGIS空间分析软件中将评价因子信息量值乘以指标的组合权重,再进行叠加分级处理,得到了研究区地质灾害危险性分区评价结果。结果表明:(1)根据信息量值和叠加分析得出断裂构造是研究区地质灾害发生的主控因子,且在临近河流、道路的区域极易发生地质灾害。(2)汉中市地质灾害极高、高危险区占全区面积的39.34%,主要横贯研究区中部;中危险区在境内分布相对零散,呈“大分散小集中”的特点,其中在汉中盆地地带较为集中;低、极低危险区占总面积的35.26%,主要位于研究区的北部和南部。

汉中地区商品性野生食用菌资源调查

汉中地区位于陕西省西南部,地处秦巴腹地,拥有优越的自然生态环境,蕴育了丰富的野生食用菌资源,且部分种类市场交易量可观。但是,针对该地区商品性野生食用菌的调查和分类学研究尚未开展,存在种类数量不清、物种鉴定不准、俗名流通而学名不详等问题。通过调查共收集汉中地区商品性野生食用菌样本104份,运用形态学和分子生物学(ITS序列)相结合的研究方法对其进行了准确鉴定,104份样本隶属于14科26属56个种(有3个物种所属的科尚未确定)。调查发现,近7年内报道的陕西省新记录种有7个,汉中地区最畅销的野生食用菌主要有8种,制作了图版以供参考。调查结果基本阐明了汉中地区商品野生食用菌的物种数量及名录(俗名和学名),为该地野生食用菌的科普宣传和种质资源开发提供了理论资料。

汉中地区古台园林营建研究

古台园林是汉中地区最具代表性的传统园林类型,但在近现代城市高速发展过程中却逐渐失色和消失,仅有数座保存至今,而从风景园林视角展开的系统性研究则刚起步。研究通过对文献内容的梳理和复原,以汉台、天汉台等7个典型古台园林为例,整理出了汉中地区古台园林的发展脉络,并从营城塑景、理水活园和人文传承三个层面总结出古台园林营造的特征与智慧,丰富了古台园林这一传统园林的类型研究,为当地传统园林的保护发展提供参考和建议。

5个猕猴桃品种在汉中地区引种表现的综合评价

为筛选出适合汉中地区栽培的优良猕猴桃品种,对引进的5个猕猴桃品种(“农大金猕”“农大郁香”“瑞玉”“金红50”“黑金”)的物候期、生长结果习性、果实品质及抗病性等指标进行测定,并利用主成分分析法进行适应性综合评价。结果表明,不同猕猴桃品种的物候期、生长结果习性、果实品质及抗病性等存在差异,瑞玉的综合评价得分最高,农大郁香次之,这2个品种综合表现较好,适应能力较强;金红50得分最低,表现较差。