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Assessing healthcare workers’knowledge and confidence in the diagnosis,management and prevention of Monkeypox
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作者 Epipode Ntawuyamara Thierry Ingabire +3 位作者 Innocent Yandemye Polycarpe Ndayikeza Bina Bhandari Yan-Hua Liang 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2025年第1期38-47,共10页
BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confid... BACKGROUND Monkeypox(Mpox),is a disease of global public health concern,as it does not affect only countries in western and central Africa.AIM To assess Burundi healthcare workers(HCWs)s’level of knowledge and confidence in the diagnosis and management of Mpox.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study via an online survey designed mainly from the World Health Organization course distributed among Burundi HCWs from June-July 2023.The questionnaire comprises 8 socioprofessional-related questions,22 questions about Mpox disease knowledge,and 3 questions to assess confidence in Mpox diagnosis and management.The data were analyzed via SPSS software version 25.0.A P value<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS The study sample comprised 471 HCWs who were mainly medical doctors(63.9%)and nurses(30.1%).None of the 22 questions concerning Mpox knowledge had at least 50%correct responses.A very low number of HCWs(17.4%)knew that Mpox has a vaccine.The confidence level to diagnose(21.20%),treat(18.00%)or prevent(23.30%)Mpox was low among HCWs.The confidence level in the diagnosis of Mpox was associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.009),sex(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),and residence(P value<0.001).The confidence level to treat Mpox was significantly associated with the HCWs’age(P value=0.050),sex(P value<0.001),education(P value=0.033)and occupation(P value=0.005).The confidence level to prevent Mpox was associated with the HCWs’education(P value<0.001),work experience(P value=0.002),residence(P value<0.001)and type of work institution(P value=0.003).CONCLUSION This study revealed that HCWs have the lowest level of knowledge regarding Mpox and a lack of confidence in the ability to diagnose,treat or prevent it.There is an urgent need to organize continuing medical education programs on Mpox epidemiology and preparedness for Burundi HCWs.We encourage future researchers to assess potential hesitancy toward Mpox vaccination and its associated factors. 展开更多
关键词 MONKEYPOX Public health emergency of international concern healthcare workers EPIDEMIC PREPAREDNESS KNOWLEDGE CONFIDENCE
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Ultra‑High Sensitivity Anisotropic Piezoelectric Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring and Robotic Perception
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作者 Hao Yin Yanting Li +4 位作者 Zhiying Tian Qichao Li Chenhui Jiang Enfu Liang Yiping Guo 《Nano-Micro Letters》 SCIE EI CAS 2025年第2期432-446,共15页
Monitoring minuscule mechanical signals,both in magnitude and direction,is imperative in many application scenarios,e.g.,structural health monitoring and robotic sensing systems.However,the piezoelectric sensor strugg... Monitoring minuscule mechanical signals,both in magnitude and direction,is imperative in many application scenarios,e.g.,structural health monitoring and robotic sensing systems.However,the piezoelectric sensor struggles to satisfy the requirements for directional recognition due to the limited piezoelectric coefficient matrix,and achieving sensitivity for detecting micrometer-scale deformations is also challenging.Herein,we develop a vector sensor composed of lead zirconate titanate-electronic grade glass fiber composite filaments with oriented arrangement,capable of detecting minute anisotropic deformations.The as-prepared vector sensor can identify the deformation directions even when subjected to an unprecedented nominal strain of 0.06%,thereby enabling its utility in accurately discerning the 5μm-height wrinkles in thin films and in monitoring human pulse waves.The ultra-high sensitivity is attributed to the formation of porous ferroelectret and the efficient load transfer efficiency of continuous lead zirconate titanate phase.Additionally,when integrated with machine learning techniques,the sensor’s capability to recognize multi-signals enables it to differentiate between 10 types of fine textures with 100%accuracy.The structural design in piezoelectric devices enables a more comprehensive perception of mechanical stimuli,offering a novel perspective for enhancing recognition accuracy. 展开更多
关键词 Flexible piezoelectric filaments ANISOTROPIC Ultra-high sensitivity Structural health detection Texture recognition
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Decoding the nexus:branched-chain amino acids and their connection with sleep,circadian rhythms,and cardiometabolic health
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作者 Hui Li Laurent Seugnet 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS 2025年第5期1350-1363,共14页
The sleep-wake cycle stands as an integrative process essential for sustaining optimal brain function and,either directly or indirectly,overall body health,encompassing metabolic and cardiovascular well-being.Given th... The sleep-wake cycle stands as an integrative process essential for sustaining optimal brain function and,either directly or indirectly,overall body health,encompassing metabolic and cardiovascular well-being.Given the heightened metabolic activity of the brain,there exists a considerable demand for nutrients in comparison to other organs.Among these,the branched-chain amino acids,comprising leucine,isoleucine,and valine,display distinctive significance,from their contribution to protein structure to their involvement in overall metabolism,especially in cerebral processes.Among the first amino acids that are released into circulation post-food intake,branched-chain amino acids assume a pivotal role in the regulation of protein synthesis,modulating insulin secretion and the amino acid sensing pathway of target of rapamycin.Branched-chain amino acids are key players in influencing the brain's uptake of monoamine precursors,competing for a shared transporter.Beyond their involvement in protein synthesis,these amino acids contribute to the metabolic cycles ofγ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate,as well as energy metabolism.Notably,they impact GABAergic neurons and the excitation/inhibition balance.The rhythmicity of branchedchain amino acids in plasma concentrations,observed over a 24-hour cycle and conserved in rodent models,is under circadian clock control.The mechanisms underlying those rhythms and the physiological consequences of their disruption are not fully understood.Disturbed sleep,obesity,diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases can elevate branched-chain amino acid concentrations or modify their oscillatory dynamics.The mechanisms driving these effects are currently the focal point of ongoing research efforts,since normalizing branched-chain amino acid levels has the ability to alleviate the severity of these pathologies.In this context,the Drosophila model,though underutilized,holds promise in shedding new light on these mechanisms.Initial findings indicate its potential to introduce novel concepts,particularly in elucidating the intricate connections between the circadian clock,sleep/wake,and metabolism.Consequently,the use and transport of branched-chain amino acids emerge as critical components and orchestrators in the web of interactions across multiple organs throughout the sleep/wake cycle.They could represent one of the so far elusive mechanisms connecting sleep patterns to metabolic and cardiovascular health,paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions. 展开更多
关键词 branched-chain amino acids cardiovascular health circadian clock DROSOPHILA INSULIN metabolism SLEEP γ-aminobutyric acid
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Metaverse for mental health disorders:Opportunities and challenges
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作者 Subho Chakrabarti 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2025年第4期8-14,共7页
Several articles on the mental health impact of the metaverse and the need to balance its potential benefits with the risks of metaverse use has recently published.The metaverse consists of a combination of immersive ... Several articles on the mental health impact of the metaverse and the need to balance its potential benefits with the risks of metaverse use has recently published.The metaverse consists of a combination of immersive technologies and artificial intelligence algorithms.The metaverse differs from the preceding digital psychiatric interventions due to its complex structure and interactions between components.The diverse functions of the metaverse ensure that it may have a substantial impact on mental health.However,the evidence for its efficacy in treating mental health disorders is limited to a few trials.The mental health benefits of immersive technologies are well-documented and suggest that metaverse-based psychiatric treatment may be similarly efficacious.The mental health risks of the metaverse are largely unknown,and it is not clear whether they will be greater than other digital psychiatric interventions.Much more research is needed to determine whether metaverse-based psychiatric treatment will meet the standards of appropriate mental healthcare. 展开更多
关键词 Metaverse Mental health BENEFITS RISKS CHALLENGES
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Method for Estimating the State of Health of Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Differential Thermal Voltammetry and Sparrow Search Algorithm-Elman Neural Network
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作者 Yu Zhang Daoyu Zhang TiezhouWu 《Energy Engineering》 EI 2025年第1期203-220,共18页
Precisely estimating the state of health(SOH)of lithium-ion batteries is essential for battery management systems(BMS),as it plays a key role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of battery systems.However,curr... Precisely estimating the state of health(SOH)of lithium-ion batteries is essential for battery management systems(BMS),as it plays a key role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of battery systems.However,current SOH estimation methods often overlook the valuable temperature information that can effectively characterize battery aging during capacity degradation.Additionally,the Elman neural network,which is commonly employed for SOH estimation,exhibits several drawbacks,including slow training speed,a tendency to become trapped in local minima,and the initialization of weights and thresholds using pseudo-random numbers,leading to unstable model performance.To address these issues,this study addresses the challenge of precise and effective SOH detection by proposing a method for estimating the SOH of lithium-ion batteries based on differential thermal voltammetry(DTV)and an SSA-Elman neural network.Firstly,two health features(HFs)considering temperature factors and battery voltage are extracted fromthe differential thermal voltammetry curves and incremental capacity curves.Next,the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)is employed to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the Elman neural network,forming the SSA-Elman neural network model.To validate the performance,various neural networks,including the proposed SSA-Elman network,are tested using the Oxford battery aging dataset.The experimental results demonstrate that the method developed in this study achieves superior accuracy and robustness,with a mean absolute error(MAE)of less than 0.9%and a rootmean square error(RMSE)below 1.4%. 展开更多
关键词 Lithium-ion battery state of health differential thermal voltammetry Sparrow Search Algorithm
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Reevaluating health metrics:Unraveling the limitations of disabilityadjusted life years as an indicator in disease burden assessment
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作者 Ariel Beresniak Dominique Bremond-Gignac +1 位作者 Danielle Dupont Gerard Duru 《World Journal of Methodology》 2025年第1期14-19,共6页
In 1993,the World Bank released a global report on the efficacy of health promotion,introducing the disability-adjusted life years(DALY)as a novel indicator.The DALY,a composite metric incorporating temporal and quali... In 1993,the World Bank released a global report on the efficacy of health promotion,introducing the disability-adjusted life years(DALY)as a novel indicator.The DALY,a composite metric incorporating temporal and qualitative data,is grounded in preferences regarding disability status.This review delineates the algorithm used to calculate the value of the proposed DALY synthetic indicator and elucidates key methodological challenges associated with its application.In contrast to the quality-adjusted life years approach,derived from multi-attribute utility theory,the DALY stands as an independent synthetic indicator that adopts the assumptions of the Time Trade Off utility technique to define Disability Weights.Claiming to rely on no mathematical or economic theory,DALY users appear to have exempted themselves from verifying whether this indicator meets the classical properties required of all indicators,notably content validity,reliability,specificity,and sensitivity.The DALY concept emerged primarily to facilitate comparisons of the health impacts of various diseases globally within the framework of the Global Burden of Disease initiative,leading to numerous publications in international literature.Despite widespread adoption,the DALY synthetic indicator has prompted significant methodological concerns since its inception,manifesting in inconsistent and non-reproducible results.Given the substantial diffusion of the DALY indicator and its critical role in health impact assessments,a reassessment is warranted.This reconsideration is imperative for enhancing the robustness and reliability of public health decisionmaking processes. 展开更多
关键词 Disability adjusted life years Cost-utility analyses Outcome research Public health Burden of disease
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Mobile health interventions for improving maternal and child health outcomes in South Africa:a systematic review
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作者 Elliot Mbunge Maureen Nokuthula Sibiya 《Global Health Journal》 2024年第3期103-112,共10页
Background:Maternal and child health(MCH)remains a significant public health concern globally despite previous efforts made to improve MCH services.Initiatives such as antenatal care,postnatal care services exclusive ... Background:Maternal and child health(MCH)remains a significant public health concern globally despite previous efforts made to improve MCH services.Initiatives such as antenatal care,postnatal care services exclusive breastfeeding,child vaccination and supplements have been rolled out to improve MCH outcomes.However,inadequate maternal healthcare,socioeconomic factors,obstetric haemorrhaging,complications of hypertension during pregnancy,lack of maternal information,poor universal health coverage and uptake of MCH services exacerbate maternal mortality and child mortality rates,especially in resource-constrained areas in many sub-Saharan African countries including South Africa.Objective:This study aimed to review mobile health(mHealth)interventions deployed to improve maternal and child health outcomes.Methods:The study adopted the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses model to search and retrieve relevant literature from reputable,prominent electronic databases(Google Scholar,Scopus,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,etc.).A total of 26 papers were selected and analyzed.Results:The findings revealed several mHealth interventions such as MomConnect,Mobile Alliance for Maternal Action,NurseConnect,ChildConnect,CommCare,Road to Health Application and Philani Mobile Video Intervention for Exclusive Breastfeeding have been utilized by healthcare workers and women to improve access to MCH services.However,inadequate digital infrastructure,digital divide,resistance to change,inadequate funding,language barriers,short message service and data costs,lack of digital skills and support,compatibility,scalability and interoperability issues,legislative and policy compliance,lack of mHealth awareness,data security and privacy concerns hinder uptake and utilisation of mHealth interventions.There is a need to scale up and sustain mHealth interventions and update existing regulatory framework,policies and strategies.Conclusion:mHealth interventions offer unprecedented opportunities to improve access to maternal information and substantially improve maternal and child health services.Stakeholder engagement and the development of sustainable funding strategies are important for successfully implementing and scaling mHealth projects while addressing existing and emerging key issues. 展开更多
关键词 Mobile health(mhealth) Child health Maternal health Digital health technologies South Africa
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What Does Research Say for Improving the Efficiency of Lady Healthcare Workers in Pakistan? Review Article
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作者 Khalid Mahmood Faheem Jan 《Open Journal of Epidemiology》 2024年第4期617-628,共12页
Background: In Pakistan, the crucial role of Lady Health Workers (LHWs) cannot be over looked and must be supported. Their alliance position between the community and health system allows them to provide services to t... Background: In Pakistan, the crucial role of Lady Health Workers (LHWs) cannot be over looked and must be supported. Their alliance position between the community and health system allows them to provide services to the most marginalised groups. However, LHWs face numerous challenges and issues resulting in reduced efficiency and effectiveness of LHW program. Aims: The study aims to identify the challenges highlighted in various studies that undermine the performance of LHWs and attempts to combine the recommendations of the studies for addressing these challenges. Methods: Literature search included articles from 2000 to 2024. PubMed and Google Scholar were the main search engines utilized. Initial search resulted in 1380 articles, out of which only those showing a link to the study title were included in the study. From the total articles searched, 55 were selected for writing this article. Results: Literature highlighted the importance of community selection, monitoring, monetary as well as non-financial incentives;trainings;availability of supervision, workload balance, monitoring;recognition, clarity on roles, resources and uninterrupted supply of logistics, support and embedment of LHWs in community and health system. Lack or poor quality of these aspects may lead to low performance of LHWs. Conclusions: This paper explores the extent of issues and challenges faced by LHWs in Pakistan. A number of interventions appear to be effective in improving the efficiency of LHWs in Pakistan. The review may serve as an essential resource for program planners and decision-makers in improving the effectiveness and efficiency of LHW programs. 展开更多
关键词 Lady health Workers Community health Workers Reproductive health Services Primary healthcare Services Family Planning Pakistan
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The synergies between international health regulations and One Health in safeguarding global health security
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作者 Abdifetah Mohamed 《Science in One Health》 2024年第1期249-254,共6页
The World Health Organization established International Health Regulations(IHRs)to give nations a legal framework for preventing,identifying,and responding to public health threats of international concern.On the othe... The World Health Organization established International Health Regulations(IHRs)to give nations a legal framework for preventing,identifying,and responding to public health threats of international concern.On the other hand,One Health advocates for integrated approaches to health risks,acknowledging the interdependence of human,animal,and ecosystem health.By integrating these frameworks,stakeholders can leverage their respective strengths to enhance surveillance,early detection,and response mechanisms,as well as promote sustainable development and resilience against emerging health threats.This article explores the shared objectives,interconnectedness of health systems,collaborative mechanisms,and capacity-building initiatives that indicate the synergistic effects of IHRs and One Health in safeguarding global health security. 展开更多
关键词 Global health security Integrated strategies International health regulations One health Public health emergency RESILIENCE
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Health awareness and lifestyle toward healthcare-seeking behavior among students in Universitas Advent Indonesia
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作者 Alvin Salim Natasha Ulima Sianturi +1 位作者 Evi Martha Suryani Yunus Elon 《Frontiers of Nursing》 2024年第3期337-342,共6页
Objective:Healthcare-seeking behavior(HSB)would affect the prevalence of morbidity and mortality.There are various factors that affect one's HSB.This study aimed to determine if health awareness and lifestyle migh... Objective:Healthcare-seeking behavior(HSB)would affect the prevalence of morbidity and mortality.There are various factors that affect one's HSB.This study aimed to determine if health awareness and lifestyle might relate to HSB.Methods:A cross-sectional study was applied by using three questionnaires to determine par ticipants'health awareness,lifestyle,and HSB.This study took place in Universitas Advent Indonesia and the students were recruited to be par ticipants.Results:There were 39 par ticipants joined in this study.Most of the par ticipants were females,third-year students,and from Accounting major.Almost all participants were aware of their low risk of health issues,had a fine lifestyle,and had moderate HSB.Conclusions:One's urge to seek health care facilities was not related to their health awareness and lifestyle.There was no fur ther study to contradict with this finding at this moment. 展开更多
关键词 health awareness healthcare-seeking behavior healthcare service utilization LIFESTYLE public health
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Gambling to public health in ageing populations: a life expectancy evaluation perspective
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作者 Stanley Chi-on Shiu 《Global Health Journal》 2024年第4期206-212,共7页
Objective:Gambling is a complex topic in relation to health systems.It is always unclear how to strike a balance between the gambling economy and the impact of gambling on public health or social wellbeing at any age.... Objective:Gambling is a complex topic in relation to health systems.It is always unclear how to strike a balance between the gambling economy and the impact of gambling on public health or social wellbeing at any age.There are limited studies considering the association between determinants of gambling and the life expectancy of the ageing population in a country.From an evaluation perspective,this article aims to demonstrate the correlation between life expectancy and gambling and public health systems.Methods:The approach of analysis has two parts.One is the influence of gambling prevalence in populations on life expectancy among old adults.Another is the association between the effect of changes in legal gambling provisions within public health systems and life expectancy among old adults.Healthy adjusted life expectancy at age 60 from the World Health Organization and gross gambling yield were used.ANOVA was performed with SPSS.Results:The population groups with HALE at age 60 of 15 years or over are likely more active in gambling than the population groups with smaller HALE at age 60 of 14 years or less.On the other hand,the influence of a health policy may be sidelined when it is implemented for older adult populations because the resource distribution magnitude or number of strategical techniques may not be the same for younger adult populations.The study here is marked as a good practical start,and there is room for further research with big data analysis on additional gambling variables against other life expectancy variables,quality of life variables or public health system variables.Conclusion:Associations between the determinants of gambling and the life expectancy of the ageing population in a country have not yet been identified.Continuous measurements of policy implementation and effectiveness and assessments of health equity,while gambling policies worldwide continue to change,have not yet been performed.Researchers and policy makers should understand the importance of holistic integration of the gambling economy and policy within a public health and social paradigm with the help of big data insights to achieve sustainability in their cities and health equity in their communities. 展开更多
关键词 Ageing GAMBLING Public health health systems health policy Life expectancy MEASUREMENTS
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Health Systems Strengthening to Tackle the Global Burden of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: A Diagonal Approach
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作者 Dominique Vervoort Amy Verstappen +2 位作者 Sreehari Madhavankutty Nair Chong Chin Eu Bistra Zheleva 《Congenital Heart Disease》 SCIE 2024年第2期131-138,共8页
1 Background Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common major congenital anomaly,affecting approximately one in every 100 live births[1].Among congenital anomalies,66%of preventable deaths are due to CHD,and 58%o... 1 Background Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common major congenital anomaly,affecting approximately one in every 100 live births[1].Among congenital anomalies,66%of preventable deaths are due to CHD,and 58%of the avertable morbidity and mortality due to congenital anomalies would result from scaling congenital heart surgery services[2].Every year,nearly 300,000 children and adults die from CHD,the majority of whom live in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)[3].Approximately 49%of all individuals with CHD will require surgical or interventional care at some point in their lifetime[4];as a result of advances in access to and the delivery of such services,over 95%of children born with CHD in high-income countries now live into adulthood[3].Here,adults have surpassed children in the number of CHD cases at a ratio of 2:1[5]. 展开更多
关键词 Congenital heart disease pediatric heart disease global health health systems health policy
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Charting the course:India's health expenditure projections for 2035
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作者 Pragyan Monalisa Sahoo Himanshu Sekhar Rout 《Global Health Journal》 2024年第2期58-66,共9页
Objectives Understanding past trends and forecasting future changes in health spending is vital for planning and reducing reliance on out-of-pocket(OOP)expenses.The current study analyzed health expenditure patterns i... Objectives Understanding past trends and forecasting future changes in health spending is vital for planning and reducing reliance on out-of-pocket(OOP)expenses.The current study analyzed health expenditure patterns in India and forecasted future trends and patterns until 2035.Methods Data on health expenditure in India from 2000 to 2019 was collected from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)iLibrary and National Health Accounts 2019 databases.Gross domestic product(GDP)data from the World Bank was also utilized.Descriptive statistics analyzed the composition and pattern,while the exponential smoothing model forecasted future health expenditures.Results The findings revealed that expenditure made by OOP is the primary health financing source,followed by government and pre-paid private spending.The percentage of GDP allocated to total health expenditure remains stable,while the per capita health expenditure fluctuates.Variations in expenditure among states are observed,with Karnataka relying heavily on pre-paid private coverage.Future projections suggest a decline in per capita and total health expenditure as a share of GDP,with a slight increase in the government’s share.Pre-paid private expenditure per capita and OOP health expenditure as a share of the total is projected to remain relatively constant but still high in absolute terms.Conclusion The study highlights variations in health spending in India,characterized by high OOP spending,limited public coverage,and a need for investments,and reforms to improve healthcare access and equity. 展开更多
关键词 health expenditure health spending health financing Forecasting Exponential smoothing INDIA
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Integrating the health belief model into health education programs in a clinical setting
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作者 Bee Sung Kam Sang Yeoup Lee 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第33期6660-6663,共4页
The article demonstrates that health belief model(HBM)-based health education in hypertensive patients effectively improves blood pressure control and medication adherence at 3 months and 6 months.The HBM addresses pe... The article demonstrates that health belief model(HBM)-based health education in hypertensive patients effectively improves blood pressure control and medication adherence at 3 months and 6 months.The HBM addresses perceived barriers,benefits,susceptibility,severity,and self-efficacy,leading to better health behaviors.HBM-based education has been effective in various contexts,including managing chronic diseases,promoting cancer screenings,and preventing infectious diseases.However,the model has limitations,such as cultural applicability and addressing complex health behaviors influenced by environmental factors.Future research should integrate HBM with other theories and conduct longitudinal studies to assess long-term impacts.Despite these limitations,HBM-based education significantly improves patient outcomes,highlighting its potential in health education and promotion when appropriately adapted and implemented.This reinforces the model's value in designing effective health interventions and advancing public health. 展开更多
关键词 health belief model HYPERTENSION health education health behavior INTERVENTION
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An analysis of inequality in physical health status of women in India:2015-2021
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作者 Debolina Banerjee Tamal Krishna Kayal 《Global Health Journal》 2024年第4期213-221,共9页
Objective:We examine how inequality in women's health has changed in India and its major states between 2015 and 2021.We also attempt to identify the sources of any change in this inequality using a decomposition ... Objective:We examine how inequality in women's health has changed in India and its major states between 2015 and 2021.We also attempt to identify the sources of any change in this inequality using a decomposition analysis.In order to suggest suitable policies for reducing this inequality,we attempt to identify the factors that are strongly associated with it.Methods:We construct an index of women's health from five indicators using the principal component analysis.Based on this index we measure inequality in women's health using the coefficient of variation and the Theil index.To identify the sources of change in this inequality,we apply Theil decomposition technique.Results:We find that inequality in women's health has increased significantly in India between 2015 and 2021.During this period,this inequality has increased significantly in six states,while it has decreased significantly in five states.The decomposition analysis suggests that the increase in this inequality between 2015 and 2021 has been driven by an increase in interstate inequality.We also find a strong positive association between inequality in women's health and inequality in public health amenities and social development.Conclusion:We suggest that for reducing inequality in women's health in developing countries like India,policies should focus on eliminating disparities in income,female education and provision of public health amenities. 展开更多
关键词 health inequality Physical health status of women INDIA Publichealthamenities Decomposition analysis
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Using AI and Precision Nutrition to Support Brain Health during Aging
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作者 Sabira Arefin Gideon Kipkoech 《Advances in Aging Research》 CAS 2024年第5期85-106,共22页
Artificial intelligence, often referred to as AI, is a branch of computer science focused on developing systems that exhibit intelligent behavior. Broadly speaking, AI researchers aim to develop technologies that can ... Artificial intelligence, often referred to as AI, is a branch of computer science focused on developing systems that exhibit intelligent behavior. Broadly speaking, AI researchers aim to develop technologies that can think and act in a way that mimics human cognition and decision-making [1]. The foundations of AI can be traced back to early philosophical inquiries into the nature of intelligence and thinking. However, AI is generally considered to have emerged as a formal field of study in the 1940s and 1950s. Pioneering computer scientists at the time theorized that it might be possible to extend basic computer programming concepts using logic and reasoning to develop machines capable of “thinking” like humans. Over time, the definition and goals of AI have evolved. Some theorists argued for a narrower focus on developing computing systems able to efficiently solve problems, while others aimed for a closer replication of human intelligence. Today, AI encompasses a diverse set of techniques used to enable intelligent behavior in machines. Core disciplines that contribute to modern AI research include computer science, mathematics, statistics, linguistics, psychology and cognitive science, and neuroscience. Significant AI approaches used today involve statistical classification models, machine learning, and natural language processing. Classification methods are widely applicable to problems in various domains like healthcare, such as informing diagnostic or treatment decisions based on patterns in data. Dean and Goldreich, 1998, define ML as an approach through which a computer has to learn a model by itself from the data provided but no specification on the sort of model is provided to the computer. They can then predict values for things that are different from the values used in training the models. NLP looks at two interrelated concerns, the task of training computers to understand human languages and the fact that since natural languages are so complex, they lend themselves very well to serving a number of very useful goals when used by computers. 展开更多
关键词 Artificial Intelligence (AI) Precision Nutrition Brain health Aging Research GERONTOLOGY Cognitive Functions Temporal Reasoning Medication Adherence Electronic health Records (EHRs) Machine Learning (ML) healthcare Technology
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Impact of improper municipal solid waste management on fostering One Health approach in Ethiopia—challenges and opportunities:a systematic review
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作者 Tsegay Kahsay Gebrekidan Niguse Gebru Weldemariam +2 位作者 Hagos Degefa Hidru Gebremariam Gebrezgabher Gebremedhin Abraha Kahsay Weldemariam 《Science in One Health》 2024年第1期77-89,共13页
Improper disposal of solid waste,predominantly illegal dumping,can lead to severe air and water pollution,land degradation,climate change,and health hazards due to the persistence of hazardous materials.As a result,it... Improper disposal of solid waste,predominantly illegal dumping,can lead to severe air and water pollution,land degradation,climate change,and health hazards due to the persistence of hazardous materials.As a result,it is threatening public and animal health,environmental sustainability,and economic development.The One Health approach,which acknowledges the interconnectedness of human,animal,and environmental health,offers a comprehensive solution.This systematic review examines the impact of improper municipal solid waste on fostering One Health approaches at the national level of Ethiopia by identifying key challenges and opportunities.Publications were retrieved from peer-reviewed,indexed journal publications,government documents(policies,proclamations,regulations,and guidelines),and credible non-governmental organization publications from selected electronic databases(Google scholar,PubMed,EMBASE,Global Health,Web of Science,etc.),and governmental offices.Despite efforts to advance the One Health approach in Ethiopia through the formation of the National One Health Steering Committee and technical working groups,implementation is hindered by challenges such as poor sectoral integration,insufficient advocacy,financial constraints,and limited research.These challenges contribute to worsening zoonotic and infectious diseases and environmental issues due to inadequate solid waste management.Nonetheless,opportunities exist through One Health integration via holistic programs,interdisciplinary collaboration,community engagement,policy enhancement,institutional capacity building,and public-private partnerships.Therefore,enhancing sectoral integration and increasing advocacy efforts and securing financial support is necessary to back waste management initiatives and related research.Further research is crucial to understand the impact of solid waste management and the potential benefits of the One Health approach in Ethiopia. 展开更多
关键词 Environmental health Ethiopia One health approach Public health Zoonotic disease
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Microbiome One Health model for a healthy ecosystem
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作者 Antonietta Tomasulo Barbara Simionati Sonia Facchin 《Science in One Health》 2024年第1期5-12,共8页
The attention on microbiome research and its translation to application deployment is escalating along with diffused hype.There is real excitement in this new science,leveraging the growing potential of advances in mo... The attention on microbiome research and its translation to application deployment is escalating along with diffused hype.There is real excitement in this new science,leveraging the growing potential of advances in molecular biology and sequencing techniques.Yet,despite the substantial efforts provided by the scientific communities,the true significance of research achievements requires coordinated and constructive actions across interdisciplinary fields.Individual researchers,universities,small and large companies,venture capitalists,and governments play a fundamental role in fostering collaboration and promoting knowledge that will benefit each other and sustain global prosperity.Making meaningful connections across different fields and getting a new perspective on how technological developments interrelate are the main drivers for creativity and progress.To help the broader innovation community focus on potentially new cross-sectorial developments,the One Health-microbiome-centric approach,defined here as“Microbiome One Health”,is considered as the efficient,holistic approach to product and service exploitations meant to preserve human well-being within a healthy ecosystem.The model opposes the biomedical system and generalizes the“One World-One Health^(TM)”concept.The focus will be given to Nutrition as a driver of health and the food system for its commercial exploitation microbiome-centric,specifically at the interface of human-animal-agricultural.Remarkably,at the interface of human-animals,the interaction with pets,specifically dogs,has been recognized as a driving force of novel microbiome exploitation. 展开更多
关键词 One health innovation Microbiome research One health nutrition Household health
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Evaluation of the effects of health education interventions for hypertensive patients based on the health belief model 被引量:1
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作者 Hong-Mei Wang Ying Chen +1 位作者 Yan-Hua Shen Xiao-Mei Wang 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第15期2578-2585,共8页
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke,and its prevalence is increasing worldwide.Health education interventions based on the health belief model(HBM)can improve the knowl... BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke,and its prevalence is increasing worldwide.Health education interventions based on the health belief model(HBM)can improve the knowledge,attitudes,and behaviors of patients with hypertension and help them control their blood pressure.AIM To evaluate the effects of health education interventions based on the HBM in patients with hypertension in China.METHODS Between 2021 and 2023,140 patients with hypertension were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group.The intervention group received health education based on the HBM,including lectures,brochures,videos,and counseling sessions,whereas the control group received routine care.Outcomes were measured at baseline,three months,and six months after the intervention and included blood pressure,medication adherence,self-efficacy,and perceived benefits,barriers,susceptibility,and severity.RESULTS The intervention group had significantly lower systolic blood pressure[mean difference(MD):-8.2 mmHg,P<0.001]and diastolic blood pressure(MD:-5.1 mmHg,P=0.002)compared to the control group at six months.The intervention group also had higher medication adherence(MD:1.8,P<0.001),self-efficacy(MD:12.4,P<0.001),perceived benefits(MD:3.2,P<0.001),lower perceived barriers(MD:-2.6,P=0.001),higher perceived susceptibility(MD:2.8,P=0.002),and higher perceived severity(MD:3.1,P<0.001)than the control group at six months.CONCLUSION Health education interventions based on the HBM effectively improve blood pressure control and health beliefs in patients with hypertension and should be implemented in clinical practice and community settings. 展开更多
关键词 HYPERTENSION health education health belief model Blood pressure control Randomized controlled trial
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Shifting the Paradigm:A Fresh Look at Physical Activity Frequency and Its Impact on Mental Health,Life Satisfaction,and Self-Rated Health in Adolescents 被引量:1
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作者 Wenjie Li Yucheng Gao +3 位作者 Guoqing Liu Rongkai Hao Meijie Zhang Xiaotian Li 《International Journal of Mental Health Promotion》 2024年第2期83-92,共10页
As adolescent mental health problems are becoming a more serious issue globally,this paper explores the relationship of physical activity in adolescents and its frequency on mental health as well as examines the media... As adolescent mental health problems are becoming a more serious issue globally,this paper explores the relationship of physical activity in adolescents and its frequency on mental health as well as examines the mediating effects of life satisfaction and self-rated health in order to provide a reference for the promotion of mental health in adolescents.A sample of 3578 Chinese high school students completed questionnaires assessing their mental health,physical activity frequency,life satisfaction,and self-rated health.The mean SCL-90 value for adolescents was found to be 1.629%,and 24.73%of adolescents had varying degrees of mental health issue.Increased physical activity frequency is positively associated with improved mental health(p<0.001).Additionally,life satisfaction and self-rated health were found to play significant mediating roles in the relationship between physical activity frequency and mental health.Specifically,low-frequency physical activity had the most pronounced mediating effect on mental health through life satisfaction,while high-frequency physical activity exerted the most significant mediating effect on mental health through self-rated health.These findings underscore the importance of promoting physical activity among adolescents and highlight the distinct pathways through which physical activity frequency can influence mental health outcomes.Further research is needed to explore these relationships in diverse populations and settings,as well as to develop targeted intervention. 展开更多
关键词 Adolescents physical activity mental health life satisfaction self-rated health
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