Development of a toroidal soft x-ray imaging system and application for investigating three-dimensional plasma on J-TEXT

A toroidal soft x-ray imaging(T-SXRI)system has been developed to investigate threedimensional(3D)plasma physics on J-TEXT.This T-SXRI system consists of three sets of SXR arrays.Two sets are newly developed and located on the vacuum chamber wall at toroidal positionsφof 126.4°and 272.6°,respectively,while one set was established previously atφ=65.50.Each set of SXR arrays consists of three arrays viewing the plasma poloidally,and hence can be used separately to obtain SXR images via the tomographic method.The sawtooth precursor oscillations are measured by T-SXRI,and the corresponding images of perturbative SXR signals are successfully reconstructed at these three toroidal positions,hence providing measurement of the 3D structure of precursor oscillations.The observed 3D structure is consistent with the helical structure of the m/n=1/1 mode.The experimental observation confirms that the T-SXRI system is able to observe 3D structures in the J-TEXT plasma.

Five-view three-dimensional reconstructionfor ultrafast dynamic imaging of pulsedradiation sources

Multiaxial neutron/x-ray imaging and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques play a crucial role in gaining valuable insights intothe generation and evolution mechanisms of pulsed radiation sources. Owing to the short emission time (∼200 ns) and drastic changes of thepulsed radiation source, it is necessary to acquire projection data within a few nanoseconds in order to achieve clear computed tomography3D imaging. As a consequence, projection data that can be used for computed tomography image reconstruction at a certain moment are oftenavailable for only a few angles. Traditional algorithms employed in the process of reconstructing 3D images with extremely incomplete datamay introduce significant distortions and artifacts into the final image. In this paper, we propose an iterative image reconstruction methodusing cylindrical harmonic decomposition and a self-supervised denoising network algorithm based on the deep image prior method. Weaugment the prior information with a 2D total variation prior and a 3D deep image prior. Single-wire Z-pinch imaging experiments have beencarried out at Qin-1 facility in five views and four frames, with a time resolution of 3 ns for each frame and a time interval of 40 ns betweenadjacent frames. Both numerical simulations and experiments verify that our proposed algorithm can achieve high-quality reconstructionresults and obtain the 3D intensity distribution and evolution of extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray emission from plasma.

Continuous imaging space in three-dimensional integral imaging

We report an integral imaging method with continuous imaging space. This method simultaneously reconstructs real and virtual images in the virtual mode, with a minimum gap that separates the entire imaging space into real and virtual space. Experimental results show that the gap is reduced to 45% of that in a conventional integral imaging system with the same parameters.

Identification of the primary motor area by three-dimensional reconstruction of the corticospinal tract using diffusion tensor imaging

Functional MRI （fMRI） is widely used as a non-invasive method for the evaluation of pre-operation motor function.However,patients with cortical function impairment,such as those with hemiparesis,can rarely achieve hand clenching,a typical fMRI task for central sulcus identification,and the method is also of limited use in uncooperative children.Thus,it is important to develop a new method for identifying primary motor areas （PMA） in such individuals.This study used corticospinal tractography to identify the PMA in 20 patients with deep-seated brain tumor.Two regions of interest were set within the brainstem for corticospinal tract （CST） fiber tracking：one at the level of the pons and the other at the level of the cerebral peduncle.The CST fiber tracking results and fMRI activation signals were merged with three-dimensional anatomic MRI findings.The consistency of identifying the PMA by CST and fMRI was analyzed.fMRI activation signals were distributed mainly in the contralateral central sulcus around the omega-shaped hand knob.The CST consistently propagated from the pons and cerebral peduncle to the suspected PMA location.There was a good correlation between CST fiber tracking results and fMRI activation signals in terms of their abilities to identify the PMA.The differences between fMRI and CST fiber tracking findings may result from our functional task,which consisted only of hand movements.Our results indicate that diffusion tensor imaging is a useful brain mapping technique for identifying the PMA in paralyzed patients and uncooperative children.

CROSS-TRACK THREE APERTURES MILLIMETER WAVE SAR SIDE-LOOKING THREE-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING

The airborne cross-track three apertures MilliMeter Wave (MMW) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) side-looking three-Dimensional (3D) imaging is investigated in this paper. Three apertures are distributed along the cross-track direction, and three virtual phase centers will be obtained through one-input and three-output. These three virtual phase centers form a sparse array which can be used to obtain the cross-track resolution. Because the cross-track array is short, the cross-track resolution is low. When the system works in side-looking mode, the cross-track resolution and height resolution will be coupling, and the low cross-track resolution will partly be transformed into the height uncertainty. The beam pattern of the real aperture is used as a weight to improve the Peak to SideLobe Ratio (PSLR) and Integrated SideLobe Ratio (ISLR) of the cross-track sparse array. In order to suppress the high cross-track sidelobes, a weighting preprocessing method is proposed. The 3D images of a point target and a simulation scene are achieved to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. And the imaging result of the real data obtained by the cross-track three-baseline MMW InSAR prototype is presented as a beneficial attempt.

Optimized Three-Dimensional Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Whole Heart Imaging Utilizing Non-Selective Excitation and Compressed Sensing in Children and Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

Background:In congenital heart disease(CHD)patients,detailed three-dimensional anatomy depiction plays a pivotal role for diagnosis and therapeutical decision making.Hence,the present study investigated the applicability of an advanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance(CMR)whole heart imaging approach utilizing nonselective excitation and compressed sensing for anatomical assessment and interventional guidance of CHD patients in comparison to conventional dynamic CMR angiography.Methods:86 consecutive pediatric patients and adults with congenital heart disease(age,1 to 74 years;mean,35 years)underwent CMR imaging including a freebreathing,ECG-triggered 3D nonselective SSFP whole heart acquisition using compressed SENSE(nsWHcs).Anatomical assessability and signal intensity ratio(SIR)measurements were compared with conventional dynamic 3D-/4D-MR angiography.Results:The most frequent diagnoses were partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage(17/86,20%),transposition of the great arteries(15/86,17%),tetralogy of Fallot(12/86,14%),and a single ventricle(7/86,8%).Image quality of nsWHcs was rated as excellent/good in 98%of patients.nsWHcs resulted in a reliable depiction of all large thoracic vessels(anatomic assessability,99%–100%)and the proximal segments of coronary arteries and coronary sinus(>90%).nsWHcs achieved a homogenously distributed SIR in all cardiac cavities and thoracic vessels without a significant difference between pulmonary and systemic circulation(10.9±3.5 and 10.6±3.4;p=0.15),while 3D angiography showed significantly increased SIR for targeted vs.non-targeted circulation(PA-angiography,15.2±8.1 vs.5.8±3.6,p<0.001;PV-angiography,7.0±3.9 vs.17.3±6.8,p<0.001).Conclusions:The proposed nsWHcs imaging approach provided a consistently high image quality and a homogeneous signal intensity distribution within the pulmonary and systemic circulation in pediatric patients and adults with a wide spectrum of congenital heart diseases.nsWHcs enabled detailed anatomical assessment and three-dimensional reconstruction of all cardiac cavities and large thoracic vessels and can be regarded particularly useful for preprocedural planning and interventional guidance in CHD patients.

Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental disability.Detailed assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and electroencephalography.At present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.This review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent articles.This review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic accuracy.Many challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical monitoring.Conversely,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after birth.This suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy to fully understand the optimal timing for predicting long-term outcomes.

Three-dimensional imaging identified the accessory bile duct in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma

The development of diagnostic imaging technology, such as multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP), has made it possible to obtain detailed images of the bile duct. Recent reports have indicated that a 3-dimensional(3D) reconstructed imaging system would be useful for understanding the liver anatomy before surgery. We have investigated a novel method that fuses MDCT and MRCP images. This novel system easily made it possible to detect the anatomical relationship between the vessels and bile duct in the portal hepatis. In this report, we describe a very rare case of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with an accessory bile duct from the caudate lobe connecting with the intrapancreatic bile duct. We were unable to preoperatively detect this accessory bile duct using MDCT and MRCP. However, prior to the second operation, we were able to clearly visualise the injured accessory bile duct using our novel 3D imaging modality. In thisreport, we suggest that this imaging technique can be considered a novel and useful modality for understanding the anatomy of the portal hepatis, including the hilar bile duct.

Two-Dimensional Perovskite Single Crystals for High-Performance X-ray Imaging and Exploring MeV X-ray Detection

Scintillation semiconductors play increasingly important medical diagnosis and industrial inspection roles.Recently,two-dimensional(2D)perovskites have been shown to be promising materials for medical X-ray imaging,but they are mostly used in low-energy(≤130 keV)regions.Direct detection of MeV X-rays,which ensure thorough penetration of the thick shell walls of containers,trucks,and aircraft,is also highly desired in practical industrial applications.Unfortunately,scintillation semiconductors for high-energy X-ray detection are currently scarce.Here,This paper reports a 2D(C_(4)H_(9)NH_(3))_(2)PbBr_(4)single crystal with outstanding sensitivity and stability toward X-ray radiation that provides an ultra-wide detectable X-ray range of between 8.20 nGy_(air)s^(-1)(50 keV)and 15.24 mGy_(air)s^(-1)(9 MeV).The(C_(4)H_(9)NH_(3))_(2)PbBr_(4)single-crystal detector with a vertical structure is used for high-performance X-ray imaging,delivering a good spatial resolution of 4.3 Ip mm^(-1)in a plane-scan imaging system.Low ionic migration in the 2D perovskite enables the vertical device to be operated with hundreds of keV to MeV X-ray radiation at high bias voltages,leading to a sensitivity of 46.90μC Gy_(air)-1 cm^(-2)(-1.16 Vμm^(-1))with 9 MeV X-ray radiation,demonstrating that 2D perovskites have enormous potential for high-energy industrial applications.

Application of Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Perianal Abscess

Perianal abscess is a common disease in anorectal surgery. If the diagnosis is not clear and the cure is thoroughly cleared, the recurrence and spread of anal fistula will cause life-long pain. Objective: To investigate the application of 3.0T MRI 3D CUBE T2WI lipid suppression sequence in the diagnosis of perianal abscess. Methods: Thirty-six patients with perianal abscess confirmed by operation were examined with 2D T2WI and 3D CUBE T2WI lipid suppression sequences before operation. Two imaging techniques were evaluated to show the types of perianal abscess, the number of abscesses, the number of internal orifices of abscess, and the number of fistula branches with anal fistula in abscess. Results: Among 36 cases of perianal abscess, there were 5 cases of anal subcutaneous abscess, 12 cases of ischiorectal space abscess (8 cases complicated with anal fistula), 6 cases of posterior anal space abscess, 5 cases of anal sphincter abscess (3 cases complicated with anal fistula), 2 cases of high intermuscular abscess, 2 cases of rectal submucosal abscess, 3 cases of complex abscess (3 cases complicated with anal fistula), 1 case of misdiagnosis, 2D T2WI lipid suppression sequence and 3D CUBE T2WI suppression. The accuracy of lipid sequence abscess typing was 80.6% (29/36) and 88.9% (32/36), respectively, with no significant difference (P > 0.05). Thirty-six patients were surgically diagnosed as having 32 internal orifices, 68.8% (22/32) and 93.8% (30/32) of 2D T2WI and 3D CUBE T2WI lipid-suppressing sequences, respectively, with significant difference (P Conclusion: 3D CUBE T2WI lipid suppression sequence is superior to 2D T2WI lipid suppression sequence in the classification of perianal abscess, the number of internal orifices of abscess and the number of fistula branches of abscess complicated with anal fistula. It can also determine the number of internal orifices of abscess complicated with anal fistula, the number of fistula branches, the shape of primary and branch fistula and the relationship among pelvic floor muscle tissues. It can provide more accurate images for preoperative and intraoperative clinical surgery.

Magnetic resonance imaging with three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition with phase-cycled and short T1 inversion recovery pulse sequence for evaluating brachial plexus injury

There is a large amount of fat in the postganglionic segment of the brachial plexus nerve.The use of short T1 inversion recovery pulse sequence may improve signal strength of the brachial plexus postganglionic segment.The present study revealed that the combination of three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition with phase-cycled and short T1 inversion recovery pulse sequence clearly displayed the anatomical morphology and structure of the brachial plexus nerve,together with maximum intensity projection,volume rendering and other three-dimensional reconstruction techniques.Our results suggested that this method is also suitable for providing accurate assessment and diagnosis of the site,severity and scope of brachial plexus injury.

Real-time Three-Dimensional Color Doppler Flow Imaging： An Improved Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Aortic Regurgitation

The recently introduced real-time three-dimensional color Doppler flow imaging （RT-3D CDFI） technique provides a quick and accurate calculation of regurgitant jet volume （RJV） and fraction. In order to evaluate RT-3D CDFI in the noninvasive assessment of aortic RJV and regurgitant jet fraction （RJF） in patients with isolated aortic regurgitation, real-time three-dimensional echocardiographic studies were performed on 23 patients with isolated aortic regurgitation to obtain LV end-diastolic volumes （LVEDV）, end-systolic volumes （LVESV） and RJV, and then RJF could be calculated. The regurgitant volume （RV） and regurgitant fraction （RF） calculated by two-dimensional pulsed Doppler （2D-PD） method served as reference values. The results showed that aortic RJV measured by the RT-3D CDFI method showed a good correlation with the 2D-PD measurements （r= 0.93, Y=0.89X＋ 3.9, SEE= 8.6 mL, P〈0.001 ）; the mean （SD） difference between the two methods was - 1.5 （9.8） mL. % RJF estimated by the RT-3D CDFI method was also correlated well with the values obtained by the 2D-PD method （r=0.88, Y=0.71X＋ 14.8, SEE= 6.4 %, P〈0. 001）; the mean （SD） difference between the two methods was -1.2 （7.9） %. It was suggested that the newly developed RT-3D CDFI technique was feasible in the majority of patients. In patients with eccentric aortic regurgitation, this new modality provides additional information to that obtained from the two-dimensional examination, which overcomes the inherent limitations of two-dimensional echocardiography by depicting the full extent of the jet trajectory. In addition, the RT-3D CDFI method is quick and accurate in calculating RJV and RJF.

Imaging characteristics and treatment strategies for carotid artery occlusion caused by skull base fracture:Three case reports

BACKGROUND Traumatic internal carotid artery(ICA)occlusion is a rare complication of skull base fractures,characterized by high mortality and disability rates,and poor prognosis.Therefore,timely discovery and correct management are crucial for saving the lives of such patients and improving their prognosis.This article retrospectively analyzed the imaging and clinical data of three patients,to explore the imaging characteristics and treatment strategies for carotid artery occlusion,combined with severe skull base fractures.CASE SUMMARY This case included three patients,all male,aged 21,63,and 16 years.They underwent plain film skull computed tomography(CT)examination at the onset of their illnesses,which revealed fractures at the bases of their skulls.Ultimately,these cases were definitively diagnosed through CT angiography(CTA)examinations.The first patient did not receive surgical treatment,only anticoagulation therapy,and recovered smoothly with no residual limb dysfunction(Case 1).The other two patients both developed intracranial hypertension and underwent decompressive craniectomy.One of these patients had high intracranial pressure and significant brain swelling postoperatively,leading the family to choose to take him home(Case 2).The other patient also underwent decompressive craniectomy and recovered well postoperatively with only mild limb motor dysfunction(Case 3).We retrieved literature from PubMed on skull base fractures causing ICA occlusion to determine the imaging characteristics and treatment strategies for this type of disease.CONCLUSION For patients with cranial trauma combined with skull base fractures,it is essential to complete a CTA examination as soon as possible,to screen for blunt cerebrovascular injury.

Role of three-dimensional imaging integration in atrial fibrillation ablation

Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia and in symptomatic patients with a drug-refractory form,catheter ablation aimed at electrically disconnecting the pulmonary veins(PVs) has proved more effective than use of antiarrhythmic drugs in maintaining sinus rhythm during follow-up.On the other hand,this ablation procedure is complex,requires specific training and adequate clinical experience.A main challenge is represented by the need for accurate sequential positioning of the ablation catheter around each veno-atrial junction to deliver point-by-point radiofrequency energy applications in order to achieve complete and persistent electrical disconnection of the PVs.Imaging integration is a new technology that enables guidance during this procedure by showing a three-dimensional,pre-acquired computed tomography or magnetic resonance image and the relative real-time position of the ablation catheter on the screen of the electroanatomic system.Reports in the literature suggest that imaging integration provides accurate visual information with improvement in the procedure parameters and/or clinical outcomes of the procedure.

Prenatal Diagnosis of Sirenomelia by Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Skeletal Imaging Ultrasound

Summary： This study sought to evaluate the contribution of two-dimensional ultrasound （2D-US） and three-dimensional skeletal imaging ultrasound （3D-SUIS） in the prenatal diagnosis of sirenomelia. Be- tween September 2010 and April 2014, a prospective study was conducted in a single referral center using 3D-SU1S performed after 2D-US in 10 cases of sirenomelia. Diagnostic accuracy and detailed findings were compared with postnatal three-dimensional helical computed tomography （3D-HCT）, radiological findings and autopsy. Pregnancy was terminated in all 10 sirenomelia cases, including 9 singletons and I conjoined twin pregnancy, for a total of 5 males and 5 females. These cases of sirenomelia were deter- mined by autopsy and/or chromosomal examination. Initial 2D-US showed that there were 10 cases of oligohydranmios, bilateral renal agenesis, bladder agenesis, single umbilical artery, fusion of the lower limbs and spinal abnormalities; 8 cases of dipus or monopus; 2 cases of apus; and 8 cases of cardiac abnormalities. Subsequent 3D-SUIS showed that there were 9 cases of scoliosis, l0 cases of sacrococ- cygeal vertebra dysplasia, 3 cases of hemivertebra, 1 case of vertebral fusion, 3 cases of spina bifida, and 5 cases of rib abnormalities. 3D-SUIS identified significantly more skeletal abnormalities than did 2D-US, and its accuracy was 79.5% （70/88） compared with 3D-HCT and radiography. 3D-SUIS seems to be a useful complementary method to 2D-US and may improve the accuracy of identifying prenatal skeletal abnormalities related to sirenomelia.

Magnetic resonance imaging-three-dimensional printing technology fabricates customized scaffolds for brain tissue engineering

Conventional fabrication methods lack the ability to control both macro- and micro-structures of generated scaffolds. Three-dimensional printing is a solid free-form fabrication method that provides novel ways to create customized scaffolds with high precision and accuracy. In this study, an electrically controlled cortical impactor was used to induce randomized brain tissue defects. The overall shape of scaffolds was designed using rat-specific anatomical data obtained from magnetic resonance imaging, and the internal structure was created by computer- aided design. As the result of limitations arising from insufficient resolution of the manufacturing process, we magnified the size of the cavity model prototype five-fold to successfully fabricate customized collagen-chitosan scaffolds using three-dimensional printing. Results demonstrated that scaffolds have three-dimensional porous structures, high porosity, highly specific surface areas, pore connectivity and good internal characteristics. Neural stem cells co-cultured with scaffolds showed good viability, indicating good biocompatibility and biodegradability. This technique may be a promising new strategy for regenerating complex damaged brain tissues, and helps pave the way toward personalized medicine.

A rapid micro-magnetic resonance imaging scanning for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles

The most common methods for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles include histological and radiology techniques. Histological techniques have many drawbacks including an enormous manual workload and poor image registration. Micro-magnetic resonance imaging（Micro-MRI）, an emerging radiology technique, has been used to report results in the brain, liver and tumor tissues. However, micro-MRI usage for obtaining intraneural structures has not been reported. The aim of this study was to present a new imaging method for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles by ~1T micro-MRI. Freshly harvested sciatic nerve samples from an amputated limb were divided into four groups. Two different scanning conditions（Mannerist Solution/GD-DTPA contrast agent, distilled water） were selected, and both T1 and T2 phases programmed for each scanning condition. Three clinical surgeons evaluated the quality of the images via a standardized scale. Moreover, to analyze deformation of the two-dimensional image, the nerve diameter and total area of the micro-MRI images were compared after hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results show that rapid micro-MRI imaging method can be used for three-dimensional reconstruction of the fascicle structure. Nerve sample immersed in contrast agent（Mannerist Solution/GD-DTPA） and scanned in the T1 phase was the best. Moreover, the nerve sample was scanned freshly and can be recycled for other procedures. MRI images show better stability and smaller deformation compared with histological images. In conclusion, micro-MRI provides a feasible and rapid method for three-dimensional reconstruction of peripheral nerve fascicles, which can clearly show the internal structure of the peripheral nerve.

Ultrafast quasi-three-dimensional imaging

Understanding laser induced ultrafast processes with complex three-dimensional(3D)geometries and extreme property evolution offers a unique opportunity to explore novel physical phenomena and to overcome the manufacturing limitations.Ultrafast imaging offers exceptional spatiotemporal resolution and thus has been considered an effective tool.However,in conventional single-view imaging techniques,3D information is projected on a two-dimensional plane,which leads to significant information loss that is detrimental to understanding the full ultrafast process.Here,we propose a quasi-3D imaging method to describe the ultrafast process and further analyze spatial asymmetries of laser induced plasma.Orthogonally polarized laser pulses are adopted to illuminate reflection-transmission views,and binarization techniques are employed to extract contours,forming the corresponding two-dimensional matrix.By rotating and multiplying the two-dimensional contour matrices obtained from the dual views,a quasi-3D image can be reconstructed.This successfully reveals dual-phase transition mechanisms and elucidates the diffraction phenomena occurring outside the plasma.Furthermore,the quasi-3D image confirms the spatial asymmetries of the picosecond plasma,which is difficult to achieve with two-dimensional images.Our findings demonstrate that quasi-3D imaging not only offers a more comprehensive understanding of plasma dynamics than previous imaging methods,but also has wide potential in revealing various complex ultrafast phenomena in related fields including strong-field physics,fluid dynamics,and cutting-edge manufacturing.

Three-dimensional forward modeling and inversion of borehole-to-surface electrical imaging with different power sources

Borehole-to-surface electrical imaging （BSEI） uses a line source and a point source to generate a stable electric field in the ground. In order to study the surface potential of anomalies, three-dimensional forward modeling of point and line sources was conducted by using the finite-difference method and the incomplete Cholesky conjugate gradient （ICCG） method. Then, the damping least square method was used in the 3D inversion of the formation resistivity data. Several geological models were considered in the forward modeling and inversion. The forward modeling results suggest that the potentials generated by the two sources have different surface signatures. The inversion data suggest that the low- resistivity anomaly is outlined better than the high-resistivity anomaly. Moreover, when the point source is under the anomaly, the resistivity anomaly boundaries are better outlined than when using a line source.

Study on Wave Field Characteristics and Imaging of Collapse Column in Three-Dimensional Detection with Love Channel Wave Reflected outside the Working Face

The safety accidents caused by collapse column water diversion occur frequently, which has great hidden danger to the safety production of coal mine. Limited by the space of underground, the detection of collapse column on the outside of working face has been a difficult problem. Based on this, numerical simulation and imaging research were carried out in this paper. The results indicate that when a seismic source near the roadway is excited, a part of seismic wave propagates along the roadway direction, namely direct P-wave, direct S-wave and direct Love channel wave. When the body waves and Love channel wave propagating to the outside of working face meet the interface of collapse column, the reflected Love channel wave and reflected body waves are generated. Reflection body waves and direct waves are mixed in time domain, which is difficult to identify in seismic records, while reflected Love channel wave whose amplitude is relatively strong. The reflected Love channel wave which has a large interval from other wave trains in the time domain is easily recognizable in seismic record, which makes it suitable for advanced detection of collapse column. The signal-to-noise ratio of X component is higher than that of Y component and Z component. According to the seismic records, polarization filtering was carried out to enhance the effective wave, which removed the interference waves, and the signal was migrated to get the position parameters of collapse column interface, which was basically consistent with the model position.