Relationship between Phenotypic Changes of Dendritic Cell Subsets and the Onset of Plateau Phase during Intermittent Interferon Therapy in Patients with CHB

Objective This study aimed to evaluate whether the onset of the plateau phase of slow hepatitis B surface antigen decline in patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with intermittent interferon therapy is related to the frequency of dendritic cell subsets and expression of the costimulatory molecules CD40,CD80,CD83,and CD86.Method This was a cross-sectional study in which patients were divided into a natural history group(namely NH group),a long-term oral nucleoside analogs treatment group(namely NA group),and a plateau-arriving group(namely P group).The percentage of plasmacytoid dendritic cell and myeloid dendritic cell subsets in peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes and the mean fluorescence intensity of their surface costimulatory molecules were detected using a flow cytometer.Results In total,143 patients were enrolled(NH group,n=49;NA group,n=47;P group,n=47).The results demonstrated that CD141/CD1c double negative myeloid dendritic cell(DNmDC)/lymphocytes and monocytes(%)in P group(0.041[0.024,0.069])was significantly lower than that in NH group(0.270[0.135,0.407])and NA group(0.273[0.150,0.443]),and CD86 mean fluorescence intensity of DNmDCs in P group(1832.0[1484.0,2793.0])was significantly lower than that in NH group(4316.0[2958.0,5169.0])and NA group(3299.0[2534.0,4371.0]),Adjusted P all<0.001.Conclusion Reduced DNmDCs and impaired maturation may be associated with the onset of the plateau phase during intermittent interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Gut microbial metabolite targets HDAC3-FOXK1-interferon axis in fibroblast-like synoviocytes to ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is an autoimmune disease.Early studies hold an opinion that gut microbiota is environmentally acquired and associated with RA susceptibility.However,accumulating evidence demonstrates that genetics also shape the gut microbiota.It is known that some strains of inbred laboratory mice are highly susceptible to collagen-induced arthritis(CIA),while the others are resistant to CIA.Here,we show that transplantation of fecal microbiota of CIA-resistant C57BL/6J mice to CIA-susceptible DBA/1J mice confer CIA resistance in DBA/1J mice.C57BL/6J mice and healthy human individuals have enriched B.fragilis than DBA/1J mice and RA patients.Transplantation of B.fragilis prevents CIA in DBA/1J mice.We identify that B.fragilis mainly produces propionate and C57BL/6J mice and healthy human individuals have higher level of propionate.Fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLSs)in RA are activated to undergo tumor-like transformation.Propionate disrupts HDAC3-FOXK1 interaction to increase acetylation of FOXK1,resulting in reduced FOXK1 stability,blocked interferon signaling and deactivation of RA-FLSs.We treat CIA mice with propionate and show that propionate attenuates CIA.Moreover,a combination of propionate with anti-TNF etanercept synergistically relieves CIA.These results suggest that B.fragilis or propionate could be an alternative or complementary approach to the current therapies.

Expression level of interferon-stimulated genes PKR,OAS1,MX1,and ISG15 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COVID-19 patients:A retrospective study

Objective:To explore expression level of interferon-stimulated genes PKR,OAS1,MX1,and ISG15 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COVID-19 patients.Methods:In this study,changes in the expression of four interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs),including PKR,OAS1,MX1,and ISG15,in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 45 COVID-19 patients with different severities were evaluated by real-time PCR method.Results:OAS1,MX1,PKR,and ISG15 were differently expressed in COVID-19 patients with different severity.The results showed that the expression of OAS1,MX1,PKR,and ISG15 genes was significantly(P=0.001)lower in severe patients.Conclusions:Weak and defective IFN response and subsequent disruption of ISGs may be associated with COVID-19 severity.

Evaluation of Interferon-Gamma Release Assay Testing and Tuberculin Skin Test for Early Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of interferon-γ release assay (IGRA), a sensitive microbiological diagnostic method, in children and adolescents with suspected tuberculosis in a country with a high burden of tuberculosis. Method: This study included 581 children and adolescents aged 4 - 19 years who were suspected of having tuberculosis, were latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and had received at least one dose of BCG vaccine between April 17, 2019, and February 24, 2021. The study evaluated the TST results of 106 patients who had a positive Quantiferon test and were suspected of having tuberculosis. Results: The study included 581 patients aged between 4 and 19 years. Of these, 106 patients tested positive for the Quantiferon test, while 19 were indeterminate and 456 were negative. The Quantiferon test positivity rate was 18.24%. Among the 106 QFT-Plus-positive cases, 23 patients also tested positive for TST. The difference in distribution was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: The QFT-Plus test is considered an alternative to TST and other microbiological diagnostic methods for early tuberculosis diagnosis, particularly in children and adolescents.

Construction of Fluorescence Sensing Platform on the Basis of Carbon Nitride Nanosheet for the Detection of Interferon-γ

Purpose: Interferon-γ (INF-γ) is a cytokine that participates in the immune reaction of the body. Its level of secretion can reflect the immune response condition after the body is infected by pathogens, which is a significant indication of clinically-related diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance in application to develop a fluorescence biosensor to inspect INF-γ with rapidness, high sensitivity and high practicability. Method: The fluorescence sensor is made on the basis of the two-dimensional nano-material namely Carbon Nitride Nanosheet (CNNS) and the Aptamer probe to identify INF-γ (Apt&reg;INF-γ). CNNS can quickly quench the Cy5 fluorescent dye modified on the Apt&reg;INF-γ probe due to the Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET), but when the INF-γ exists, Apt&reg;INF-γ specifically identifies and combines it. The complex of Apt&reg;INF-γ and INF-γ is away from CNNS, which can effectively block the fluorescent signal of Apt?INF-γ being quenched by CNNS. Result: The sensitive detection of IFN-γ protein can be achieved through the application of CNNS/Apt&reg;INF-γ fluorescence sensing platform. In this method, the intensity of the fluorescent signal is positively correlated with the concentration of IFN-γ, of which the liner response range is 0.5 - 100 ng/mL and the limit of detection is 0.303 ng/mL. In addition, this fluorescence sensing platform has the advantages of high specificity, simple operation and low costs. It can inspect the content of IFN-γ in clinical serum samples without interference. The actual recovery rate of serum samples is 97.11% - 106.96%. Conclusion: Therefore, the CNNS/Apt&reg;INF-γ sensing platform is expected to be implemented in the actual clinical detection, also conducive to developing a universal fluorescence biosensor to inspect other target materials.

Predictive Value of Serum pgRNA on HBeAg Clearance in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B with Low HBeAg Levels Treated with Pegylated Interferon

Objective:To study the predictive value of serum pregenomic RNA(pgRNA)on HBeAg clearance in patients with chronic hepatitis B with low HBeAg levels during pegylated interferon therapy.Methods:Twenty chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAg positive and quantitative<50S/CO were selected for this study.The subjects underwent pegylated interferon therapy for 48-96 weeks and were followed up in the outpatient clinic after treatment.The patients were then divided into groups based on whether their HbeAg turned negative.The predictive ability of each indicator for HBeAg negative conversion was evaluated in the HBeAg negative group and the HBeAg positive group.Results:The results of logistic regression analysis suggested that pgRNA and HBcrAg were better indicators for predicting the clearance of HBeAg after treatment.Conclusion:For patients with chronic hepatitis B with low HBeAg levels,pgRNA is a good indicator in predicting HBeAg clearance during pegylated interferon therapy.

Clinical Efficacy and Incidence of Adverse Reactions of Entecavir Combined with Long-Acting Interferon in Treating Hepatitis B

Objective:To explore and analyze the clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions of entecavir combined with long-acting interferon in treating hepatitis B.Methods:The study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2022,and the research subjects were 69 hepatitis B patients admitted to our hospital.The patients were divided into a research group(n=35)and a control group(n=34).Patients in the control group were treated with entecavir,while patients in the study group were treated with entecavir combined with long-acting interferon.The antiviral efficacy,liver function indicators,clinical effectiveness,and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:The HBV-DNA negative conversion rate and HBeAg seroconversion rate of the patients in the study group were higher than those of the control group,and the virological breakthrough rate was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);the alanine transaminase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and total bilirubin(TBIL)levels of the patients in the study group were all lower after treatment.In the control group,the albumin(ALB)level was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The clinical effective rate of patients in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The treatment effect of entecavir combined with long-acting interferon in patients with hepatitis B is significant.It can effectively antiviral and improve the liver function of patients.The incidence of adverse reactions is low and can be promoted and applied.

小鼠白癜风疾病模型的构建及初步研究

目的比较氢醌乳膏和莫诺苯宗乳膏诱导野生型C57BL/6J小鼠产生白癜风样表型的作用,构建组织病理学相似度高、脱色效果持久稳定且成本低、易操作的白癜风样小鼠模型,为选择白癜风疾病动物模型以研究人类白癜风疾病的发病机制以及药物治疗效果、药物作用机制提供依据。方法将30只C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为3组,每组10只。3组小鼠于背部相同部位去毛后,对照组涂抹乳膏基质,莫诺苯宗组涂抹40%莫诺苯宗乳膏,氢醌组涂抹2.5%氢醌乳膏,均1次/d,建模周期为50 d。肉眼观察造模部位皮肤变化;建模结束后处死各组小鼠,取病变部位皮肤组织,进行酪氨酸酶(TYR)免疫荧光染色观察;摘眼球取血,ELISA法检测血清中TYR、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平。结果莫诺苯宗组和氢醌组小鼠均出现明显皮肤脱色,TYR表达平均光密度值明显降低。莫诺苯宗组和氢醌组小鼠血清TYR水平均明显低于对照组(P均<0.05),莫诺苯宗组和氢醌组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);氢醌组小鼠血清IFN-γ、MMP-9水平均明显高于对照组和莫诺苯宗组(P均<0.05),血清TNF-α水平与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);莫诺苯宗组小鼠血清TNF-α水平明显高于对照组(P均<0.05),血清IFN-γ、MMP-9水平与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论2.5%氢醌乳膏和40%莫诺苯宗乳膏涂抹法均可成功建立野生型C57BL/6J小鼠白癜风模型,其中2.5%氢醌乳膏更易诱导建立白癜风表观模型。

感染性肺炎新生儿的血清25-羟基维生素D与炎症因子的相关性分析

目的分析感染性肺炎新生儿的血清25-羟基维生素D[25-hydroxyvitamin D,25(OH)D]与炎症因子干扰素-γ(infectious pneumonia-γ,IFN-γ)、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、白细胞介素-2(interleukin-2,IL-2)水平的相关性。方法选取河北省秦皇岛市第一医院2018年12月至2020年12月收治的100例感染性肺炎新生儿,根据血清25(OH)D水平分为缺乏组(≤15.0μg/L,18例)、不足组(15.1~20.0μg/L,42例)、充足组(>20.0μg/L,40例)。统计3组性别、胎龄、血清25(OH)D水平、出生体重、分娩方式等一般资料和临床资料,比较3组IFN-γ、CRP及IL-2水平,分析新生儿血清25(OH)D水平与IFN-γ、CRP、IL-2水平的相关性。结果3组胎龄、性别、出生体质量、分娩方式比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);缺乏组、不足组、充足组新生儿的血清25(OH)D水平逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。缺乏组IFN-γ、CRP及IL-2水平均高于不足组、充足组(P<0.05),不足组IFN-γ、CRP及IL-2水平高于充足组(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关分析,感染性肺炎新生儿血清25(OH)D水平与IFN-γ、CRP、IL-2水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论新生儿血清25(OH)D越低,维生素D越缺乏,IFN-γ、CRP及IL-2水平越高,感染性肺炎的风险越高。

他克莫司联合激素在重症肌无力患者中的效果及对IFN-γIL-4和TGF-β的影响

目的探讨他克莫司联合激素在重症肌无力(MG)患者中的治疗效果及对干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)及转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)的影响。方法选取2022-05—2023-09郑州大学第一附属医院的MG患者96例为对象,信封法分为2组各48例。对照组采用激素治疗,观察组采用他克莫司联合激素治疗,2组患者均完成4周治疗,比较2组重症肌无力日常生活量表(MG-ADL)、重症肌无力定量评分体系(QMGS评分)、生化指标水平及安全性。结果干预后MG-ADL评分观察组(2.95±0.79)低于对照组(4.59±1.12,P<0.05),QMGS评分观察组(8.51±1.69)低于对照组(12.69±2.24,P<0.05),2组干预后日常生活及肌力均得到提高,疲劳耐受性增强,观察组较对照组改善更明显。2组干预后生化指标得到改善,干预后观察组IFN-γ水平(43.96±3.18)低于对照组(52.58±3.63,P<0.05),观察组IL-4水平(36.89±6.39)高于对照组(31.11±6.42,P<0.05),观察组TGF-β水平高于对照组(41.43±3.91,P<0.05)。不良反应发生率观察组(10.42%)较对照组(6.25%)无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论他克莫司联合激素治疗MG患者效果显著,能提高日常生活质量,降低MG-ADL及QMGS评分,改善生化指标水平,且治疗安全性较高。

端粒酶、γ-干扰素、腺苷酸脱氨酶及结核感染T细胞斑点试验在诊断结核性和恶性胸腔积液中的作用分析

目的 评价端粒酶、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、腺苷酸脱氨酶(ADA)及T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)检测在诊断结核性和恶性胸腔积液中的价值。方法 纳入40例早期结核性胸膜炎患者(结核组)和40例恶性胸腔积液患者(肿瘤组),分别在治疗前抽取患者胸腔积液及空腹血液,应用酶联免疫吸附分析法检测端粒酶的含量和IFN-γ的浓度,应用比色分析法检测ADA的活性,采用Elispot斑点计数检测T-SPOT.TB阳性率。结果 结核组和肿瘤组的端粒酶含量分别为(1.46±0.73)×10~(-3) nmol/L和(3.34±1.72)×10~(-3) nmol/L,结核组端粒酶含量低于肿瘤组(P<0.01);结核组和肿瘤组的IFN-γ含量分别为(137.44±38.93) U/L和(27.94±8.46) U/L,ADA含量分别为(68.42±9.58) U/L和(15.39±4.43) U/L,2组患者IFN-γ含量和ADA含量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结核组IFN-γ浓度、ADA活性及T-SPOT.TB阳性率均高于肿瘤组(P<0.01)。联合应用端粒酶、IFN-γ、ADA及T-SPOT.TB 4个诊断指标的诊断试验鉴别诊断结核性和恶性胸腔积液的敏感度为0.974,特异度为0.974。结论 联合应用端粒酶、IFN-γ、ADA及T-SPOT.TB 4个诊断指标的诊断试验在结核性胸腔积液和恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断中具有重要意义。

重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子凝胶联合蒙脱石散对婴幼儿尿布疹的疗效观察与研究

目的探究重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(rbFGF)凝胶联合蒙脱石散对婴幼儿尿布疹的临床效果。方法选取2019年12月至2020年6月赣南医学院第一附属医院收治的72例婴幼儿尿布疹患儿作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与实验组,每组36例。对照组给予rbFGF凝胶干预,实验组在对照组基础上联合蒙脱石散干预,比较两组干预效果、恢复情况、皮肤损伤程度、血清学指标及不良反应发生情况。结果实验组治疗总有效率为94.44%,高于对照组的72.22%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组皮肤发红、皮肤破裂面积及皮肤侵蚀程度评分均低于干预前,且实验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组不良反应发生率为5.56%,低于对照组的25.00%差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组尿布疹消退时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平均低于干预前,干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平高于干预前,且实验组TNF-α、IL-4、IL-10水平低于对照组,IFN-γ水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论rbFGF凝胶联合蒙脱石散应用于婴幼儿尿布疹的疗效显著,可减轻皮肤损伤程度,改善机体炎症反应,缩短尿布疹消退时间,且不良反应少,值得临床推广应用。

IFN-γ、MMP-9水平在肺结核中的表达及与其病情活动性的相关性

目的 分析血清干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)水平在肺结核患者中的表达及与其病情活动性的相关性。方法 选取2019年1至2022年12月新乡医学院第一附属医院收治的264例疑似肺结核患者作为研究对象,经确诊后分为结核组(n=204例)及非结核组(n=60例),根据病情活动情况将结核组分为活动性肺结核组(n=86例)及非活动性肺结核组(n=118例),另选取同期于本院进行健康体检者80名为健康组。比较结核组、非结核组、健康组与结核组中活动性肺结核组、非活动性肺结核组及活动性肺结核中轻症组、重症组间血清IFN-γ、MMP-9水平;分析IFN-γ、MMP-9单一及联合检测肺结核的诊断效能;采用多元Logistic回归分析影响活动性肺结核患者病情程度的相关性因素。结果 三组血清IFN-γ、MMP-9水平比较:结核组>非结核组>健康组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);活动性肺结核患者血清IFN-γ、MMP-9水平均显著高于非活动性肺结核,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);86例活动性肺结核患者中轻症54例,重症32例。重症患者病程比轻症患者长,吸烟比例及血清IFN-γ、MMP-9水平均显著高于轻症患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);IFN-γ、MMP-9联合诊断肺结核的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为93.55%、61.54%、84.09%,均高于三者单独检测(P<0.05);经Logistic回归分析,吸烟、血清IFN-γ及MMP-9均为影响活动性肺结核患者病情程度的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论 肺结核患者血清IFN-γ及MMP-9水平显著升高,二者联合对肺结核具有较好的诊断效能,且为影响活动性肺结核病情严重程度的重要影响因素,对肺结核病情评估具有重要价值。

基于miR-155/TLR4/MyD88信号通路探讨蛇伤胶囊对竹叶青蛇伤的抗炎作用

目的探讨蛇伤胶囊对竹叶青蛇伤miR-155/Toll样受体4(TLR4)/髓样分化因子88(MyD88)信号通路及炎症的影响。方法将18只雄性新西兰大白兔分为对照组、模型组和蛇伤胶囊组,每组6只。对照组正常饮食饮水,另两组注射7.5 mg/kg竹叶青蛇毒液6 h后,模型组灌胃348 mg/(kg·d)生理盐水,蛇伤胶囊组灌胃348 mg/(kg·d)蛇伤胶囊,均连续灌胃1周。观察实验兔的一般行为学,qRT-PCR检测外周血中miR-155a-5p、TLR4和MyD88表达,ELISA检测血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)和白细胞介素-4(IL-4)含量。结果与对照组比较,模型组精神和食欲变差,排便稀软带血,伤口溃烂,miR-155-5p、TLR4 mRNA、MyD88 mRNA、IL-6和TNF-α表达均显著增加(均P<0.01),IFN-γ和IL-4表达显著下降(均P<0.01)。蛇伤胶囊组较模型组情况明显好转,miR-155a-5p、TLR4 mRNA、MyD88 mRNA、IL-6和TNF-α表达显著下降(均P<0.01),IFN-γ和IL-4表达显著增加(均P<0.01)。结论蛇伤胶囊抑制竹叶青蛇伤造成的炎症反应,维持Th1/Th2细胞平衡,其作用机制可能与抑制miR-155/TLR4/MyD88轴的表达有关。

百日咳患儿血清IFN-γ、IL-5水平及其与免疫状态的关系

目的探讨百日咳患儿血清γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-5(IL-5)水平及其与免疫状态的关系。方法选取2021年1月至2023年12月该院儿科收治的300例百日咳患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析,根据患儿不同免疫状态分为未免疫组、部分免疫组和完全免疫组。比较3组患儿入院时血清IFN-γ、IL-5水平,并根据患儿年龄及完全免疫患儿接种时长进行分组,观察不同分组状况下患儿血清IFN-γ、IL-5水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析百日咳患儿血清IFN-γ、IL-5水平及其与免疫状态的关系。结果完全免疫组患儿血清IFN-γ水平高于未免疫组和部分免疫组,血清IL-5水平低于未免疫组和部分免疫组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);部分免疫组患儿IFN-γ水平高于未免疫组,血清IL-5水平低于未免疫组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);>3~6岁患儿血清IFN-γ水平高于其他年龄段患儿,IL-5水平低于其他年龄段患儿,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,调整受试者白细胞计数、淋巴细胞比例后,与完全免疫患儿比较,部分免疫患儿和未免疫患儿血清IFN-γ每增加一个单位,认为百日咳患儿免疫功能下降风险增加0.886倍(95%CI:0.836~0.938);部分免疫患儿和未免疫患儿血清IL-5每增加一个单位,认为百日咳患儿免疫功能下降风险增加1.255倍(95%CI:0.161~1.357);完全免疫状态下不同接种时长患儿血清IFN-γ、IL-5水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论不同免疫状态的百日咳患儿血清IFN-γ、IL-5水平存在一定差异,二者水平在一定程度上与患儿的免疫状态有关。

炎症因子在糖尿病溃疡中的作用及中医药治疗前景

背景:糖尿病溃疡是糖尿病常见并发症,表现为足部溃疡合并感染,治疗周期长,致残率和病死率较高,给患者和社会医疗带来了沉重的负担。目的:综述中医药治疗糖尿病溃疡创面的作用机制和最新治疗进展,为其进一步理论研究和临床合理应用提供依据。方法:检索中国知网、万方和PubMed数据库收录的相关文献。中文检索词为“糖尿病溃疡,中药,炎症,白细胞介素1β,白细胞介素6,肿瘤坏死因子,超敏C反应蛋白,干扰素γ,白细胞介素4,白细胞介素10”。英文检索词为“Diabetes Ulcer,Medicinal herb,Inflammation,interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor,hypersensitive C-reactiveprotein,γ-interferon,Interleukin-4,interleukin-10”,最终纳入75篇文献进行归纳总结。结果与结论:(1)机体的高糖环境会提高促炎细胞因子水平,使糖尿病溃疡创面长期处于慢性炎症反应状态,难以愈合甚至不愈合。(2)中医在与糖尿病溃疡的长期斗争中总结出许多经验,目前不仅将糖尿病溃疡分湿热毒盛证、血脉瘀阻证、热毒伤阴证和气血两虚证4个证型以及治疗的代表方剂,还根据糖尿病溃疡的临床特点将糖尿病溃疡分为初、中、后3期并提出“清法”“温清并用”和“养法”三期不同治法。在中医辨证分型和分期的指导下,中药单体、提取物及中药复方通过下调促炎因子的表达和(或)上调抗炎因子的表达抑制炎症反应,促进糖尿病溃疡的愈合。与现代医学相比,中药物优价廉、疗效好、不良反应小,在治疗糖尿病溃疡方面有着显著的优势。(3)治疗糖尿病溃疡的中药单体、提取物及中药复方众多,如白芷、姜黄素、改良冲和膏、三黄血竭方和疮疡Ⅰ号方等,归纳后发现治疗糖尿病溃疡的中药以清热解毒、活血化瘀和敛疮生肌药为主,且中药复方的使用频率、治疗范围和治疗效果明显优于中药单体和提取物,其中最常用的是治疗湿热毒盛证的三黄血竭方和疮疡Ⅰ号方以及治疗非缺血型糖尿病溃疡的紫朱软膏。(4)然而中医药治疗糖尿病溃疡也存在一定的不足,首先,目前关于糖尿病溃疡的临床证候学研究较少;其次,中医药治疗糖尿病溃疡的中药单体、提取物和复方种类繁多,研究不够深入;最后,中医药治疗糖尿病溃疡的机制研究仍处于初步探索阶段,作用机制仍需进一步探索。(5)未来应加强中药药理学和糖尿病溃疡的临床证候学研究,分析中医药治疗糖尿病溃疡的潜在靶点和相关信号通路,充分发挥中医药多靶点、多通路、多层次及多系统的治疗优势,研制出疗效显著、有效成分和作用靶点明确的中药。

血清细胞因子在儿童肺炎支原体肺炎发病机制中的作用

目的探索细胞因子在儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎致病机制中的作用。方法回顾性选取2019年7月—2020年6月在南京医科大学附属苏州医院儿科住院的203例肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的临床资料,分为难治性肺炎支原体肺炎(Refractory Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia,RMPP)组(n=26)和非RMPP组(n=177)。通过倾向评分匹配分析方法配对出25对患儿,校正混杂因素包括性别、年龄、发热、喘息、白细胞及中性粒细胞计数、影像学等特征(大叶性/支气管肺炎、胸腔积液、肺不张)。比较两组患儿血清细胞因子[血清白介素-2(Interleukin-2,IL-2)、白介素-4(Interleukin-4,IL-4)、白介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)、白介素-10(Interleukin-10,IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子α(Tumor Necrosis Factor-α,TNF-α)和干扰素-γ(Interferon-γ,IFN-γ)]。结果RMPP组的IL-6[18.220(7.088,40.412)pg/mL]、IL-10[7.335(4.838,11.690)pg/mL]、INF-γ[6.450(3.488,15.488)pg/mL]显著高于非RMPP组,差异有统计学意义(Z=1426.000、1176.000、1438.000,P均<0.05)。匹配后RMPP组IL-10[7.840(4.755,11.690)pg/mL]仍显著高于非RMPP组,差异有统计学意义(Z=173.500,P<0.05)。结论本研究结果显示RMPP组的IL-10显著上升,提示IL-10可能在RMPP的发病机制中起作用。

慢病毒介导的稳定表达鸭干扰素-γ细胞株的构建

干扰素-γ是一种具有抗病毒活性和免疫调节能力的细胞因子之一。为了建立稳定表达鸭干扰素-γ(duIFN-γ)的细胞系,本研究优化并合成了duIFN-γ基因,插入到慢病毒表达载体plenti-GIII-CMV-GFP-2A-Puro,获得重组质粒plenti-IFN,将plenti-IFN与辅助质粒共转染包装细胞293T,筛选出了携带duIFN-γ基因的重组慢病毒rlenti-IFN,将该病毒感染中国仓鼠卵巢(Chinese hamster ovary, CHO)细胞,利用有限稀释法和抗性加压筛选法,筛选出了30个具有嘌呤霉素抗性基因的单克隆细胞系。利用RT-qPCR荧光定量法对这些单克隆细胞的duIFN-γ mRNA水平进行检测,筛选出了duIFN-γ mRNA水平最高的1个单克隆细胞,对其进行扩大培养,获得了1株稳定细胞系。Western blot检测结果表明,duIFN-γ稳定表达于该细胞系中。本研究获得了1株稳定表达duIFN-γ蛋白的细胞系,该研究为开展duIFN-γ生物学功能研究、建立duIFN-γ检测方法及生产廉价鸭(禽)用干扰素奠定了基础。

宫颈HSIL患者锥切术联合重组人干扰素治疗后复发残留的影响因素

目的探讨锥切术联合重组人干扰素治疗后宫颈高度鳞状上皮内病变(HSIL)复发残留的相关影响因素。方法回顾性选取2020年1月至2022年1月唐山市妇幼保健院收治的宫颈HSIL患者217例,收集患者术前、术后相关临床资料。根据患者术后1年是否复发或残留,分为复发残留组(n=41)及无复发残留组(n=176)。对比两组临床资料、HPV高危型及低危型发生率,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析宫颈HSIL患者锥切术后HSIL复发残留的影响因素。结果217患者经过治疗发生尿潴留7例,尿路感染3例,留置尿管时间和残余尿量分别为(10.26±3.25)d、(60.25±15.52)mL,患者均能自主排尿。复发残留组与无复发残留组年龄、初次性生活年龄、人工流产史、术前HPV感染类型、锥切标本宽度及厚度、累及腺体、切缘状态、术后用药、术后性生活比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。锥切术前,HSIL复发残留组HPV感染以高危型为主,无复发残留患者以低危型为主。Logistic分析显示,术前HPV高危型感染、锥切标本宽度≤2 cm、锥切标本厚度≤1 cm、累及腺体和切缘阳性均为锥切术后宫颈HSIL患者复发残留的高危影响因素。结论锥切术结合重组人干扰素治疗HSIL可以有效促进患者术后排尿功能的康复;锥切术前,HSIL复发残留组HPV感染以高危型为主,术前HPV高危型感染、锥切标本宽度≤2 cm、锥切标本厚度≤1 cm、累及腺体和切缘阳性均为锥切术后宫颈HSIL患者复发残留的高危影响因素。

巨噬细胞极化调控因子在脑卒中康复中的表达变化及其与认知功能恢复的关系

目的探讨巨噬细胞极化调控因子[干扰素调控因子8(IRF8)]在脑卒中康复中的表达变化及其与认知功能恢复的关系。方法这是一项横断面回顾性队列研究,数据来自2021年1月—2023年1月在保定市第二中心医院接受治疗的急性缺血性卒中患者,并在卒中后2周使用简易精神状态检查量表确定了卒中后认知障碍(PSCI)组(n=76)和非PSCI组(n=42)。RT-qPCR用于分析外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中IRF8基因表达。通过二元逻辑回归进行研究IRF8基因表达和认知结果之间的联系。结果PSCI组PBMCs中IRF8 mRNA表达显著高于非PSCI组(P<0.001)。在IRF8 mRNA三分位数中观察到PSCI和非PSCI患者比例的显著差异[T1:53.8%(21/39),T2:64.1%(25/39),T3:75.0%(30/40),χ2=8.082,P=0.018]。在Logistic回归分析中,IRF8 mRNA表达最高的三分位数(>0.024)(OR=1.956,P<0.001)、年龄(OR=1.062,P<0.001)、NIHSS评分(OR=1.145,P=0.014)、血红蛋白(OR=1.194,P=0.024)与PSCI风险较高显著相关。当截断值为0.01时,IRF8 mRNA预测PSCI的AUC为0.682,准确率为71.49%,特异度为50.24%,敏感度为71.42%。将IRF8 mRNA、年龄、NIHSS评分、血红蛋白纳入列线图中,其预测PSCI的AUC为0.862。结论缺血性卒中入院时PBMCs中IRF8 mRNA表达与卒中后急性期的PSCI相关。