NLR、LDH、IL-6在肺炎支原体肺炎患儿病情及预后评估中的价值

目的探讨肺炎支原体肺炎(Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,MPP)患儿中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)、白细胞介素-6(lnterleukin-6,IL-6)水平在预后评估中的价值。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2020年9月至2021年2月昆明市儿童医院收治的180例MPP患儿作为观察组,其中普通患儿104例,重症患儿76例;另选取同期健康体检儿童60例作为对照组。比较观察组和对照组NLR、LDH、IL-6水平,评价NLR、LDH、IL-6对MPP患儿病情严重程度的评估价值。根据MPP预后情况,将患儿分为预后不良组(n=35)和预后良好组(n=145)。比较不同预后MMP患儿的临床资料、NLR、LDH、IL-6水平,分析MPP患儿预后影响因素及NLR、LDH、IL-6与临床肺部感染评分(Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score,CPIS)、白细胞计数(white blood cell count,WBC)、降钙素原(procalcitonim,PCT)及C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)的相关性。统计学方法采用t检验、χ^(2)检验、Logistic回归分析、受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析、Spearman模型分析。结果观察组普通、重症患儿及对照组儿童NLR分别为1.5±0.3、2.2±0.3、1.2±0.2,LDH水平分别为(439.8±30.1)U/L、(528.6±35.6)U/L、(125.8±28.9)U/L,IL-6水平分别为(18.3±1.3)ng/L、(25.8±2.1)ng/L、(9.5±1.2)ng/L;观察组普通、重症患儿NLR、LDH、IL-6水平高于对照组(NLR:t=10.135、27.514,LDH:t=86.323、103.974,IL-6:t=44.834、84.297,P值均<0.05),且观察组普通患儿NLR、LDH、IL-6水平低于重症患儿(NLR:t=20.599,LDH:t=26.252,IL-6:t=48.065,P值均<0.05)。NLR、LDH、IL-6联合评估的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)最大,为0.911,灵敏度、特异度分别为82.89%、89.42%;CPIS评分(OR=7.232,95%CI:5.055~10.347)、WBC(OR=6.839,95%CI:4.752~9.844)、PCT(OR=8.882,95%CI:6.375~12.374)、CRP(OR=11.520,95%CI:8.125~16.333)、NLR(OR=11.517,95%CI:7.852~16.894)、LDH(OR=11.881,95%CI:7.698~18.337)、IL-6(OR=12.424,95%CI:8.025~19.235)均为MPP患儿预后的独立危险因素(P值均<0.05);MPP患儿NLR、LDH、IL-6水平与CPIS评分、WBC、PCT、CRP均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论MPP患儿NLR、LDH、IL-6水平明显升高,可作为MPP病情及预后评估的潜在指标。

血清HCY、CRP及 LDH在鼻咽癌患者中的水平及意义

目的探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)在鼻咽癌患者中的水平及意义。方法选择2021年12月至2022年7月梧州市红十字会医院收治的222例初诊鼻咽癌患者为鼻咽癌组,102例鼻咽炎患者为鼻咽炎组,100例体检健康者为对照组。比较各组受试者血清HCY、CRP及LDH水平。采用Spearman相关分析患者血清HCY、CRP及LDH水平与TNM分期的相关性。结果鼻咽癌组血清HCY水平明显高于鼻咽炎组、对照组(P<0.001)。鼻咽炎组、鼻咽癌组患者血清CRP水平高于对照组(P<0.001),而鼻咽炎组与鼻咽癌组间CRP水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组间血清LDH水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同TNM分期鼻咽癌患者血清HCY、CRP及LDH水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Ⅲ期患者血清HCY水平明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(P<0.05),CRP水平明显低于ⅣB期(P<0.05);ⅣA、ⅣB期患者血清HCY、CRP及LDH水平明显高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,鼻咽癌患者血清CRP、LDH水平与TNM分期呈正相关(r=0.231、0.212,P<0.01),但HCY水平与TNM分期无相关性(P>0.05)。结论鼻咽癌患者伴有血清HCY、CRP水平的升高,TNM分期Ⅳ期患者HCY、CRP及LDH水平明显升高。

2型糖尿病合并慢性牙周炎患者血清LRG1、LDH与牙周指标和牙周病变程度的关系

目的探究2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并慢性牙周炎(CP)患者血清富含亮氨酸α-2糖蛋白1(LRG1)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)与牙周指标和牙周病变程度的关系。方法选取2022年7月至2023年7月宁夏医科大学总医院口腔医院收治的112例T2DM合并CP患者(T2DM合并CP组),根据牙周病变程度将其分为轻度、中度和重度组;选取同期本院112例单纯CP患者(CP组),再选取112例单纯T2DM患者(T2DM组);检测LRG1、LDH和牙周指标;Pearson法分析血清LRG1、LDH及二者与牙周指标的相关性;重度T2DM合并CP的影响因素采用多因素logistic回归分析;绘制ROC曲线分析血清LRG1、LDH对重度T2DM合并CP的诊断价值。结果CP组、T2DM组以及T2DM合并CP组LRG1、LDH水平依次升高(P<0.05)。轻度、中度和重度组血清LRG1、LDH、附着丧失(AL)、牙周探诊深度(PD)、牙龈出血指标(BI)水平依次升高(P<0.05)。根据Pearson相关性分析得知,血清LRG1与LDH呈正相关(P<0.05),二者均与AL、PD、BI呈正相关(P<0.05)。根据logistic回归分析得知LRG1、LDH、AL、PD、BI均为影响重度T2DM合并CP的因素(P<0.05)。根据ROC曲线得知血清LRG1和LDH二者联合诊断重度T2DM合并CP的AUC为0.910,两者联合优于各自单独诊断(Z_(联合vs LRG1)=2.659、Z_(联合vs LDH)=2.627,P<0.05)。结论LRG1、LDH在T2DM合并CP患者血清中显著升高,两者与牙周指标和牙周病变程度有关。

LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB水平对不完全性川崎病的早期诊断价值

目的:探讨乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、白蛋白(ALB)水平对不完全性川崎病(IKD)的早期诊断价值。方法:选取巴彦淖尔市医院2020年1月—2023年1月收治的80例IKD患儿作为IKD组,选取本院同期收治的80例典型川崎病(KD)患儿作为KD组。所有患儿入院后检测LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB水平,对比IKD组与KD组一般情况和LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB水平。通过受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB水平对IKD的早期诊断价值。同时将80例IKD患儿依照冠脉损伤情况分为两个亚组,即无损伤组(n=30)和损伤组(n=50),对比两组LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB水平。结果:IKD组和KD组性别、年龄及高热、多形性皮疹、口腔黏膜变化占比对比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);IKD组发热时间长于KD组,指端改变、结膜充血、颈部淋巴结肿大占比低于KD组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);IKD组LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB水平均明显高于KD组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB三者联合对IKD的诊断效能优于单一检测;损伤组LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB水平均明显高于无损伤组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB水平对IKD的早期诊断价值较高,且临床可考虑通过LDH、NT-proBNP、ALB三者联合来诊断IKD。

Influence of selenium induced oxidative stress on spermatogenesis and lactate dehydrogenase-X in mice testis

Aim: To evaluate the effect of oxidative stress on the spermatogenesis and lactate dehydrogenase-X (LDH-X) activity in mouse testis. Methods: For creating different levels of oxidative stress in mice, three selenium (Se) level diets were fed in separate groups for 8 weeks. Group 1 animals were fed yeast-based Se-deficient (0.02 ppm) diet. Group 2 and Group 3 animals were fed with the same diet supplemented with 0.2 ppm and 1 ppm Se as sodium selenite, respectively. After 8 weeks, biochemical and histopathological observations of the testis were carried out. LDH-X levels in the testis were analyzed by western immunoblot and ELISA. Results: A significant decrease in testis Se level was observed in Group 1 animals, whereas it was enhanced in Group 3 as compared to Group 2. The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was significantly reduced in both the liver and testis in Group 1, but not in Group 2 and 3. A significant increase in the testis glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was observed in Group 1, whereas no significant change was seen in Groups 2 and 3. Histological analysis of testis revealed a normal structure in Group 2. A significant decrease in the germ cell population in Group 1 was observed as compared to Group 2 with the spermatids and mature sperm affected the most. Decrease in the lumen size was also observed. In the Se-excess group (Group 3), displacement of germ cell population was observed. Further, a decrease in the LDH-X level in testis was observed in Group 1. Conclusion: Excessive oxidative stress in the Se deficient group, as indicated by changes in the GSH-Px/GST activity, affects the spermatogenic process with a reduction in mature sperm and in turn the LDH-X level.

Function of Lactate Dehydrogenase in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle of Phrynocephalus Lizard in Relation to High-Altitude Adaptation

Poikilothermic animals living in high-altitude environments can be greatly affected by the anaerobic metabolism and lactate recycling, which are catalyzed by an enzyme called lactate dehydrogenase(LDH). However, the function and possible regulatory mechanisms of their anaerobic glycolysis remained elusive. We compared the difference in LDH between a native high-altitude(4 353 m) lizard, Phrynocephalus erythrurus, and a closely related species, Phrynocephalus przewalskii that lives in intermediate altitude environment(1 400 m). The activity of LDH, the concentration of lactate, the distribution of isoenzyme, and the mRNA amounts of Ldh-A and Ldh-B were determined. In cardiac muscle, the lactate-forming activity of P. erythrurus in LDH was higher than of P. przewalskii LDH at all three temperatures tested(10 °C, 25 °C and 35 °C), while lactate-oxidation activity of LDH was significantly different between the two species only at 25 °C and 35 °C. In skeletal muscle, both lactate-forming and lactate-oxidation rates of P. erythrurus were lower than that of P. przewalskii. There was a higher proportion of H subunit and a significantly higher expression of Ldh-B, with a concomitant decrease of lactate concentration in P. erythrurus. These results indicate that P. erythrurus may have a strong potential for anaerobic metabolism, which is likely adapted to the hypoxic environment at high altitudes. Furthermore, P. erythrurus is capable of oxidizing more lactate than P. przewalskii. The Ldh-A cDNA of the two species consists of a 999 bp open reading frame(ORF), which encodes 332 amino acids, while Ldh-B cDNA consists of a 1 002 bp ORF encoding 333 amino acids. LDHA has the same amino acid sequence between the two species, but three amino acid substitutions(V12 I, N21S and N318K) were observed in LDHB. Structure analysis of LDH indicated that the substitutions of residues Val12 and Asp21 in P. erythrurus could be responsible for the highaltitude adaptation. The LDH characteristics of LDH in P. erythrurus suggest unique adaptation strategies of anaerobic metabolism in hypoxia and cold environments at high altitudes for poikilothermic animals.

Identification and bioinformatics analysis of lactate dehydrogenase genes from Echinococcus granulosus

Objective:To identify full length cDNA sequence of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) from adult Echinococcus granulosus(E.granulosus) and to predict the structure and function of its encoding protein using bioinformatics methods.Methods:With the help of NCBI,EMBI, Expasy and other online sites,the open reading frame(ORF),conserved domain,physical and chemical parameters,signal peptide,epitope,topological structures of the protein sequences were predicted and a homology tertiary structure model was created:Vector NT1 software was used for sequence alignment,phylogenetic tree construction and tertiary structure prediction. Results:The target sequence was 1 233 bp length with a 996 bp biggest ORF encoding 331 amino acids protein with typical L-LDH conserved domain.It was confirmed as full length cDNA of LDH from E.granulosus and named as EgLDH(GenBank accession number:HM748917).The predicted molecular weight and isoelectric point of the deduced protein were 3 5516.2Da and 6.32 respectively.Compared with LDHs from Taenia solium,Taenia saginata asiatica,Spirometra erinaceieuropaei.Schistosoma japonicum,Clonorchis sinensis and human,it showed similarity of 86% ,85% ,55% ,58% ,58% and 53% ,respectively.EgLDH contained 3 putative transmembrane regions and 4 major epitopes(54aa-59aa.81aa-87aa,97aa-102aa,307aa-313aa),the latter were significant different from the corresponding regions of human LDH.In addition,some NAD and substrate binding sites located on epitopes 54aa-59aa and 97aa-102aa,respectively.Tertiary structure prediction showed that 3 key catalytic residues 105R,165D and 192H forming a catalytic center near the epitope 97aa-102aa,most NAD and substrate binding sites located around the center.Conclusions:The full length cDNA sequences of EgLDH were identified.It encoded a putative transmembrane protein which might be an ideal target molecule for vaccine and drugs.

血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平联合检测在慢性心力衰竭诊断中的效能

目的:分析血清肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平联合检测在慢性心力衰竭(CHF)诊断中的效能。方法:选取2021年1月至2023年1月该院收治的83例CHF患者进行横断面研究,设为研究组,依据是否发生主要心血管不良事件将其分为预后不良者18例与预后良好者65例,另选取同期于该院体检的83名健康志愿者作为对照组。比较两组、不同心功能分级及不同预后CHF患者血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平,采用Pearson相关性分析血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平与CHF患者心功能分级的相关性,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析治疗后1个月血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平单项及联合检测诊断CHF患者的效能。结果:研究组血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同心功能分级CHF患者血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平比较,Ⅱ级<Ⅲ级<Ⅳ级,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Pearson相关性分析结果显示,血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平与CHF患者心功能分级均呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05);治疗后1个月,两组血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平均低于治疗前,但预后不良者高于预后良好者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平单项及联合检测诊断CHF患者预后不良的曲线下面积分别为0.788、0.769、0.760、0.906,且联合检测诊断CHF患者预后不良的效能高于三者单项检测。结论:血清CK-MB、IL-6、LDH水平联合检测诊断CHF的效能高于三者单项检测。

Role of serum lactate dehydrogenase levels in evaluating efficacy of interventional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the role of serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) levels in evaluating the efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) for primary liver cancer.Methods A total of 52 patients with liver cancer admitted in our hospital(Huangzhou District People's Hospital, Huanggang, China) from June 2015 to December 2017 were selected and divided into control group(LDH of ≤ 450 U/L, n = 26) and observation group(LDH of > 450 U/L, n = 26), based on the pretreatment level of LDH. Based on the changes in serum LDH levels before and after treatment, patients were classified into two groups: LDH increased group(22 cases) and LDH decreased group(30 cases). The relationship between LDH levels and efficacy of TACE treatment was analyzed in the four groups retrospectively. Results No significant difference was seen in the clinical characteristics(gender, median age, performance status Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group, and staging system) between the control and observation groups. The efficacy rate in the control group was 57.7%, whereas that in the observation group was 42.3%(P > 0.05). The 1-year survival rate in the observation group was 53.8% and that in the control group was 84.6%(P < 0.05).Conclusion Serum LDH levels may be of clinical value in evaluating the efficacy of TACE in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Systemic immune inflammation index, ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes, lactate dehydrogenase and prognosis of diffuse large Bcell lymphoma patients

BACKGROUND In malignant tumors,inflammation plays a vital role in the development,invasion,and metastasis of cancer cells.Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),the most common malignant proliferative disease of the lymphatic system,is commonly associated with inflammation.The international prognostic index(IPI),which includes age,lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),number of extranodal lesions,Ann Arbor score,and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score,can evaluate the prognosis of DLBCL.However,its use in accurately identifying highrisk patients and guiding treatment is poor.Therefore,it is important to find novel immune markers in predicting the prognosis of DLBCL patients.AIM To determine the association between the systemic immune inflammation index(SII),ratio of lymphocytes to monocytes(LMR),ratio of LMR to LDH(LMR/LDH),and prognosis of patients with DLBCL.METHODS A total of 68 patients diagnosed with DLBCL,treated in our hospital between January 2016 and January 2020,were included.χ2 test,Pearson’s R correlation,Kaplan Meier curves,and Cox proportional risk regression analysis were used.The differences in the SII,LMR,and LMR/LDH among patients with different clinicopathological features were analyzed.The differences in progression-free survival time among patients with different SII,LMR,and LMR/LDH expressions and influencing factors affecting the prognosis of DLBCL patients,were also analyzed.RESULTS The LMR and LMR/LDH in patients with Ann Arbor stage III–IV,ECOG score≥2,and SII,IPI score 2–5 were significantly higher than those of patients with Ann Arbor stage I-II and ECOG score<2(P<0.05).Patients with high SII,LMR,and LMR/LDH had progression-free survival times of 34 mo(95%CI:32.52–38.50),35 mo(95%CI:33.42–36.58)and 35 mo(95%CI:33.49–36.51),respectively,which were significantly lower than those with low SII,LMR,and LMR/LDH(P<0.05);the SII,LMR,and LMR/LDH were positively correlated(P<0.05).Cox proportional risk regression analysis showed that the SII,LMR,and LMR/LDH were influencing factors for the prognosis of DLBCL patients(hazard ratio=1.143,1.665,and 1.704,respectively;P<0.05).CONCLUSION The SII,LMR,and LMR/LDH are related to the clinicopathological features of DLCBL,and they also influence the prognosis of patients with the disease.

Malate and Lactate Dehydrogenases of a Freshwater Catfish: Impact of Endosulfan

A sublethal concentration of technical grade endosulfan (END) inhibited 35 to 55% of the activities of cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase (cMDH), mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (mMDH), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the liver and the skeletal muscle of a freshwater catfish, Clarias halrachus, after 7 days of exposure. The activity remained in the inhibited state up to 28 days. The withdrawal of END from the medium after 1 week of exposure gradually restored the activities to control levels within 21 days in the skeletal muscle and 28 days in the liver. The administration of actinomycin D or cycloheximide between the 14th and the 21st day of the withdrawal of END almost completely inhibited the withdrawal-dependent recovery in the activities of all the three enzymes. This indicates de novo synthesis of the enzymes during the recovery period. A conjoint treatment of END and triiodothyronine (T_3) raised the activities of cMDH, mMDH, and LDH in the liver and the skeletal muscle up to the control levels. This shows that the inhibitory effect of END may be relieved in presence of T_3. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed few changes in the pattern of cytoplasmic proteins of the liver and the skeletal muscle in response to exposure to END. 1990 Academic Press. Inc.

Effect of artmether,hemin and Fe^(3+) on recombinant lactate dehydrogenase from Schistosoma japonicum

Objective:To explore antischitosome effects of artemether,hemin and Fe on S/LDH.Methods: Enzyme activity of rS/LDH was assayed in the standard reaction system by adding different concentration of reagents(0.00-0.10 mM artemether,0.00-0.02 mM hemin,0.00-0.50 mM Fe^(3+)). Same solvents of the each reagent were used as control.Results:There was no enzyme activity inhibition observed at 0.10 mM artemther:obivious inhibition for lactate oxidation reaction and pyruvate reduction reaction were detected at 0.002 mM and 0.004 mM of hemin,respectively: comparing with that of the control(P<0.05).The relative enzymatic activity inhibitions for pyruvate reduction reaction and lactate oxidation reaction at 0.02 mM hemin were 93.48%and 100.00%,respectively,comparing with that of the control(P<0.01):both pyruvate reduction and lactate oxidation reaction were inhibited completely at 0.50 mM Fe^(3+),comparing with that of the control(P<0.01).Conclusions:The results implied that SjLDH was not the direct molecular target of artemether.Hemin and Fe are inhibitors of SjLDH.

CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE ISOZYME PATTERN AND MORPHOLOGY OF THREE MARINE FISH CELL LINES

Three continuous marine fish cell lines of FG (i.e., Flounder Gill) from flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus) gill, SPH (i.e., Sea Perch Heart) from sea perch ( Lateolabrax japonicus ) heart and RSBF (i.e., Red Sea Bream Fin) from red sea bream ( Pagrosomus major ) fin, were characterized by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozyme and morphological analysis. The LDH isozyme patterns of these three cell lines and their corresponding tissues of origin were investigated and compared. The results showed: (1) No difference was found in the LDH isozyme patterns of FG and flounder gill tissue. However, the LDH isozyme patterns of SPH and RSBF were significantly different from their corresponding tissues of origin; (2) LDH isozyme patterns of FG, SPH and RSBF were markedly different from each other and could serve as genetic markers for species identification and detection of cross contamination. Morphological change analysis of these three cell lines in comparison to their original tissues indicated that FG cells still appeared epithelioid without morphological transformation. However, morphological changes were found in SPH and RSBF compared to their original tissues. Therefore, the cellular morphology was still plastic in the relatively stable culture conditions, and it was possible that change of LDH patterns was related to morphological changes of fish cells in vitro .

High serum lactate dehydrogenase and dyspnea:Positive predictors of adverse outcome in critical COVID-19 patients in Yichang

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)outbreak in China,constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.It is well known that COVID-19 patients may have increased serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)levels in the early stage.The clinical changes in LDH may have predictive value in disease evolution and prognosis in critically ill COVID-19 patients.AIM To examine serum LDH and clinical characteristics in patients with COVID-19 and their predictive value for prognosis.METHODS This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of forty-seven critical COVID-19 patients in the intensive care unit of the Third People's Hospital of Yichang City from January 27 to March 25,2020 and divided them into survivors and nonsurvivors.The patients were diagnosed according to the World Health Organization interim guidance and critical cases met any one of the following criteria:Respiratory failure and required mechanical ventilation,the occurrence of shock,and the combined failure of other organs that required intensive care unit monitoring and treatments,according to the diagnostic criteria of critical COVID-19.Clinical data including symptoms,detection of SARS-CoV-2,chest computed tomography(CT)images,changes in serum LDH in different clinical phases,and prognosis were collected.Statistical analysis of the data was performed.Continuous variables were expressed as median(interquartile range)and compared with the Mann-Whitney U test.Categorical variables were compared with the Chi-square test.Survival data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests.RESULTS According to chest CT images,we observed the alveolitis and fibrosis stages in all critical patients in this study.Most non-survivors died in the fibrosis stage.Nonsurvivors had fewer days of hospitalization,shorter disease duration,shorter duration of alveolitis and fibrosis,and had dyspnea symptoms at disease onset(P=0.05).Both first and lowest LDH values in the alveolitis stage were more pronounced in non-survivors than in survivors(449.0 U/L vs 288.0 U/L,P=0.0243;445.0 U/L vs 288.0 U/L,P=0.0199,respectively),while the first,lowest and highest values of serum LDH in non-survivors were all significantly increased compared to survivors in the fibrosis phase(449.0 U/L vs 225.5 U/L,P=0.0028;432.0 U/L vs 191.0 U/L,P=0.0007;1303.0 U/L vs 263.5 U/L,P=0.0001,respectively).The cut-off points of first LDH values in the alveolitis and fibrosis phase for distinction of non-survivors from survivors were 397.0 U/L and 263.0 U/L,respectively.In the fibrosis stage,non-survivors had more days with high LDH than survivors(7.0 d vs 0.0 d,P=0.0002).Importantly,patients with high LDH had a significantly shorter median survival time than patients with low LDH in the alveolitis phase(22.0 d vs 36.5 d,P=0.0002),while patients with high LDH also had a significantly shorter median survival time than patients with low LDH in the fibrosis phase(27.5 d vs 40.0 d,P=0.0008).The proportion of non-survivors with detectable SARS-CoV-2 until death in the alveolitis stage was significantly increased compared with that in the fibrosis stage(100%vs 35.7%,P=0.0220).CONCLUSION High LDH and dyspnea symptoms were positive predictors of an adverse outcome in critical COVID-19.The rapid progressive fibrosis stage was more perilous than the alveolitis stage,even if SARS-CoV-2 is undetectable.

Predictive value of serum lactate dehydrogenase in diagnosis of septic shock in critical pediatric patients:A cross-sectional study

Objectives:To determine the predictive value of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)in the diagnosis of septic shock and its association with other prognostic scores in critical pediatric patients.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed at Children’s Hospital of Cairo University between June 2019 and December 2019.A total of 200 pediatric patients were divided into the septic shock group[100 critically ill patients with septic shock from the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU)]and the control group(100 patients with only sepsis).LDH was determined in the first 24 hours of admission.The sensitivity and specificity of LDH in diagnosis of septic shock were assessed;the levels of related indicators of patients with different etiologies were compared;correlations between LDH,Paediatric Index of MortalityⅡ,and Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(pSOFA)were analyzed.Results:Median LDH was 512μL(406.50-663.00)in the septic shock group and was significantly higher than that[190μL(160.00-264.50)]in the control group(P<0.001).Besides,median LDH in children with chest infecion was higher than that in children with other diagnoses(P=0.047).A good positive correlation was found between pSOFA and LDH(r=0.503,P<0.001).Conclusions:LDH could be a potential inflammatory marker in the diagnosis of septic shock and is valuable for PICU admission decisions.

Changes of lactate dehydrogenase in corneal edema after cataract surgery treated with trans-corneal oxygenation therapy

AIM:To investigate the changes in levels of the lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)enzyme in corneal edema after cataract surgery with trans-corneal oxygenation therapy.METHODS:This pre-post design study design conducted on 15 patients with corneal edema after cataract surgery and receiving trans-corneal oxygenation therapy.Tear sample(using Schirmer paper,from the inferior fornix of the conjunctiva)was carried out prior to trans-corneal oxygenation therapy,on the day 2(D2)and day 5(D5)postoperatively before and after trans-corneal oxygenation therapy.Visual acuity[VA(Log MAR)],corneal endothelial density,central corneal thickness(CCT),and coefficient of variation corneal endothelial(Co V)were recorded.The value of LDH was measured using ELISA.The difference in mean LDH value before and after trans-corneal oxygenation therapy,between two groups were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test.RESULTS:There was a decrease in LDH tear concentration at D2(pre vs post:1127.54±497.09 vs 696.91±489.49;P=0.002)and D5(pre vs post:1064.17±677.77 vs 780.28±428.95;P=0.027)after trans-corneal oxygenation therapy as well as decrease in LDH concentration on the D2 compared to D5(P=0.041).The mean CCT was decreased significantly after the administration of trans-corneal oxygenation(pre vs post:632.10±25.66 vs 563.90±51.54;P=0.005).The mean VA and Co V increased significantly after the administration of trans-corneal oxygenation(P=0.001 and P=0.028,respectively).However,there was no difference in mean of corneal endothelial density(P=0.814).CONCLUSION:Trans-corneal oxygenation therapy is associated with significant decrease of tears LDH levels in post cataract surgery with corneal edema.It is accompanied by clinical improvement such as significant reduction of CCT.

小儿支原体肺炎血清BNP、LDH及Hcy水平与心肌损害的相关性

目的探讨小儿支原体肺炎(MP)血清B型钠尿肽(BNP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与心肌损害的相关性。方法回顾性分析2021年4月—2022年10月我院收治的113例MP患儿的临床资料,根据是否发生心肌损害分为非心肌损害组(n=77)和心肌损害组(n=36)。根据不同心肌损害程度分为轻度组(n=15)、中度组(n=13)和重度组(n=8)。比较心肌损害组和非心肌损害组一般资料及血清BNP、LDH、Hcy水平、不同心肌损害程度的患儿血清BNP、LDH、Hcy水平,Pearon相关性分析血清BNP、LDH、Hcy水平与心肌损害指标[肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)、α-羟丁酸脱氢酶(α-HBDH)]的关系,多因素Logistic回归分析影响MP患儿心肌损害的相关因素。结果心肌损害组与非心肌损害组性别、年龄、感染部位、WBC、RBC、ALB水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),心肌损害组发热持续时间、病情严重程度、MP抗体滴度、PLT、血清CRP、Scr、CK、CK-MB、cTnT、α-HBDH、BNP、LDH、Hcy水平均显著高于非心肌损害组(P<0.05);轻度组血清BNP、LDH、Hcy水平显著低于中、重度组,中度组血清BNP、LDH、Hcy水平显著低于重度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析显示,MP患儿血清BNP、LDH、Hcy水平与CK、CK-MB、cTnT、α-HBDH均呈显著正相关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,发热持续时间、病情严重程度、血清BNP、LDH、Hcy是影响MP患儿心肌损害的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论MP患儿血清BNP、LDH、Hcy水平与心肌损害呈显著相关性,且是心肌损害发生的危险因素。

Tear Malate Dehydrogenase,Lactate Dehydrogenase and Their Isoenzymes in Normal Chinese Subjects and Patients of Ocular Surface Disorders

Purose:To determine levels of malate dehydrogenase(MDH),lactate dehydroge-nase(LDH)and their isoenzymes in tears of normal Chinese subjects and patients with ocular surface disorders.Methods:The age range of normal subjects was10-88,with136mal and 128fe-male subjects.123patients suffered from ocular surface disorders.Tears were col-lected from lower fornix on Xinghua filter disc(0.1mm thick,5mm in diameter).The values of tearMDHand LDHwere determined by MONARCH-2000Ana-lyzer(U.S.A)Their isoenzymes were separated by acetate cellulose elec-trophoresis and were determined by Model CDS-200light densitometer.Results:The normal values of tear LDH and MDH were 45.51+23.00-81.35+37.84umol·s^-1/Land11.00+5.33-19.50+9.17umol·s^-1/Lrespectively,dis-regarding sex or eye distriction(P>0.05).The values of tear LDHandMDH in the group aged10-19were significantly lower than in another groups(P<0.05),95%normal ranges of tearMDHaged below19and above20were3.63-19.90umol·s^-1/L.THe MDH isoenzymes comprised MDHs and MDHm,the former accounting for80.0-89.1%.The LDH isoenzymes comprised 5varieties.of which the ratioH/Mof subunit H tosubunit Mwas0.196+0.02.Levels of tear LDH,MDHand their isoenzymes in different diseases were various.Conclusions;Tear LDH/MDHratio reflected sensitively the matabolism of corneae and conjunetival epithelium.The changes in LDH isoenzymes were hel-ful to the differential diagnosis of external eye diseases,and the increase of MDHm reflected sensitively the degree of injury to the corneal epithelium.

Differential pulse voltammetric studies on the effects of Al(Ⅲ) on the lactate dehydrogenase activity

In this paper, differential pulse voltammetry （DPV） was applied to study the effects of aluminum Al（Ⅲ） on the lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） activity. Michaelis-Menten constant （Km^NADH） and maximum velocity （vmax） in the enzyme promoting catalytic reaction of ＂pyruvate（Pyr） ＋ NADH ＋ H^＋ ↑LDH←→lactate ＋ NAD^＋＂ under different conditions by monitoring DPV reduction current of NAD^＋ were reported.

Lactate Dehydrogenase Isoenzymes in Mammalian Cells Exposed to Isophenphos

The cytotoalcity of isophenphos, an organophosphorus insecticide that has the potential to cause delayed polyneuropathy, was evaluated in GBK and V79 ce1ls. A 72 h time course following isophenphos exposure indicated a dose-dependent growth inhibition as dctermined by cell counts. The administration of isophenphos (20g/ml) to GBK cells cultured at high densities indicated a decrease in the activities of LDH isocnzymes. Analysis of V79 cells revealed a decrease of LDH3, the only LDH isocnzyme detected in these cells.