Effects of oxygen therapy on the outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction:A randomized clinical trial

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effects of supplemental oxygen on patients with myocardial infarction.Methods:This study was a randomized,double-blind clinical trial.The study population included all patients who were admitted to the emergency room of Ali-ibn-Abitaleb and Khatam-al-Anbia hospitals in Zahedan within six hours of the onset of classic symptoms of myocardial infarction.The patients(n=47)were divided into two groups:the case group(with oxygen therapy)and the control group(without oxygen therapy).The initial follow-up was evaluated after one month and the second follow-up was evaluated after three months in the target population in terms of mortality caused by acute myocardial infarction,mortality caused by any other cause,and re-hospitalization caused by acute myocardial infarction.Results:Out of the 47 patients,27 were male(57.4%).The average age of the patients was(60.9±8.1)years.One month after admission,2 patients(8.7%)in the case group and 2 patients(8.3%)in the control group died due to acute myocardial infarction.A total of 7 patients(14.9%)died three months after admission.There was no significant difference between the control and case groups in terms of mortality caused by acute ischemia within one and three months.After one month,2 patients(8.7%)in the case group and 1 patient(4.2%)in the control group died of other causes.After three months,4 patients(8.5%)in total died for other causes.There was no significant difference between the control and case groups in terms of mortality due to other causes within one and three months.One month after admission,5 patients(21.7%)of the case group and 4 patients(16.7%)of the control group were re-hospitalized due to acute myocardial ischemia.During the next three months,3 patients(13.0%)of the case group and 5 patients(20.8%)of the control group were re-hospitalized.There was no significant difference between the control and case groups regarding the rate of re-hospitalization caused by acute myocardial infarction within one and three months after admission.Conclusions:There is no significant relationship between oxygen therapy and death by acute myocardial ischemia,or any other causes.The relationship between oxygen therapy and the rate of re-hospitalization caused by acute myocardial ischemia is not found within one and three months after admission.The results show that oxygen therapy does not affect patients with acute myocardial ischemia within three months after admission.

Transplantation of CD34+cells for myocardial ischemia

CD34+cells are multipotent hematopoietic stem cells also known as endothelial progenitor cells and are useful in regenerative medicine.Naturally,these cells are mobilized from the bone marrow into peripheral circulation in response to ischemic tissue injury.CD34+cells are known for their high proliferative and differentiation capacities that play a crucial role in the repair process of myocardial damage.They have an important paracrine activity in secreting factors to stimulate vasculogenesis,reduce endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes apoptosis,remodel extracellular matrix and activate additional progenitor cells.Once they migrate to the target site,they enhance angiogenesis,neovascularization and tissue regeneration.Several trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of CD34+cell therapy in different settings,such as peripheral limb ischemia,stroke and cardiovascular disease.Herein,we review the potential utility of CD34+cell transplantation in acute myocardial infarction,refractory angina and ischemic heart failure.

心源性头痛1例

心源性头痛是由潜在的冠状动脉病变所致,表现为头痛伴或不伴胸部症状的罕见疾病。头痛症状常常由于牵涉痛、心肌缺血引起的颅内压升高、大量致痛的神经化学介质释放和脑皮质灌注不足引起。鉴于该疾病总体患病率低、缺乏冠心病典型的胸痛表现,且可能与神经系统疾病引发的头痛难以鉴别,常常造成疾病准确诊断和治疗的延误。现报道1例仅表现头痛的急性冠状动脉综合征患者,通过经皮冠状动脉介入治疗完成血运重建,并给予标准的二级预防药物治疗。术后随访至今6个月,活动耐量较前明显提高,未再发作头痛。本病例报道旨在提高对心源性头痛患者的认识,以期早期识别并及时干预,最终改善症状和预后。

心脏体外震波治疗对冠心病患者心肌灌注及心电图的影响

目的探讨心脏体外震波治疗(CSWT)对冠心病患者负荷心肌灌注扫描及心电图结果的影响。方法纳入2016年12月至2022年8月因冠心病在北京医院住院诊治并行CSWT的患者。CSWT为3个月方案,共9次治疗。收集冠心病患者行CSWT前后的临床基本资料、心肌灌注扫描数据和心电图数据。比较CSWT前后心肌灌注扫描结果和心电图参数的变化。结果共有55例冠心病患者,其中男43例,平均年龄为(67.45±8.96)岁。CSWT前后12导联心电图ST段最大位移均无明显变化,心肌灌注扫描显示左心室整体负荷灌注总分(P=0.031)和整体可逆灌注总分(P=0.024)显著改善,静息左心室整体缺血面积显著缩小(P=0.034),差异均有统计学意义。靶节段负荷灌注评分(P=0.002)、靶节段可逆灌注评分(P=0.002)、靶节段负荷缺血面积(P=0.001)明显改善,差异均有统计学意义。结论CSWT对冠心病难治性心绞痛患者心电图ST段最大位移无影响,有助于改善心肌血流灌注,缩小缺血范围。

观察心脏康复治疗在冠心病合并睡眠障碍患者中的应用效果

目的:观察心脏康复治疗在冠心病合并睡眠障碍患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年3月至2023年7月山东省第二康复医院心内科收治的冠心病合并睡眠障碍患者80例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。采用健康调查简表(SF-36)比较2组患者干预前后生命质量的变化,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)比较2组患者干预前后睡眠质量的变化,同时比较2组患者干预前后的不良症状发生率。结果:治疗后,观察组患者睡眠质量PSQI评分显著低于对照组,观察组SF-36评分显著高于对照组,观察组不良症状发生率显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:心脏康复治疗有利于改善冠心病合并睡眠障碍患者的生活状态,有效降低患者不良反应发生率,值得临床推广应用。

温针灸联合药物治疗稳定型心绞痛合并抑郁的疗效观察及对血清resistin和adropin水平的影响

目的观察温针灸联合药物治疗稳定型心绞痛合并抑郁的临床疗效及对患者血清抵抗素(resistin)和能量平衡相关蛋白(adropin)水平的影响。方法将90例稳定型心绞痛合并抑郁患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组在常规治疗基础上予盐酸舍曲林片口服,观察组在对照组基础上予温针灸治疗。比较两组治疗前后汉密尔顿抑郁量表-17(Hamilton depression scale-17,HAMD-17)评分、患者健康问卷-9(patient health questionnaire-9,PHQ-9)评分、心绞痛的发作频率、发作持续时间、疼痛程度、心肌缺血总负荷(total ischemia burden,TIB)及血清resistin和adropin水平。比较两组临床疗效。结果观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组HAMD-17和PHQ-9评分均降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组心绞痛发作频率、发作持续时间、疼痛程度均改善(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);两组TIB均降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,对照组血清resistin水平无明显变化(P>0.05),血清adropin水平升高(P<0.05);观察组血清resistin水平降低(P<0.05),血清adropin水平升高(P<0.05),且均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在常规治疗基础上,温针灸联合口服盐酸舍曲林片治疗稳定型心绞痛合并抑郁的疗效优于单一口服盐酸舍曲林片治疗,可改善患者抑郁状态,缓解心绞痛症状,改善心肌缺血情况,可能与其调节血清resistin和adropin水平有关。

Reactive oxygen species-based nanomaterials for the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injuries

Interventional coronary reperfusion strategies are widely adopted to treat acute myocardial infarction,but morbidity and mortality of acute myocardial infarction are still high.Reperfusion injuries are inevitable due to the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and apoptosis of cardiac muscle cells.However,many antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs are largely limited by pharmacokinetics and route of administration,such as short half-life,low stability,low bioavailability,and side effects for treatment myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.Therefore,it is necessary to develop effective drugs and technologies to address this issue.Fortunately,nanotherapies have demonstrated great opportunities for treating myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.Compared with traditional drugs,nanodrugs can effectively increase the therapeutic effect and reduces side effects by improving pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties due to nanodrugs’size,shape,and material characteristics.In this review,the biology of ROS and molecular mechanisms of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury are discussed.Furthermore,we summarized the applications of ROS-based nanoparticles,highlighting the latest achievements of nanotechnology researches for the treatment of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury.

Effect of electroacupuncture pretreatment on adenine nucleotides in myocardial tissues of rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)

Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)pretreatment on adenine nucleotides in the myocardial tissues of the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI)rats,and to explore the mechanism of EA pretreatment on myocardial prevention and protection in MIRI rats.Methods:Forty SPF male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:a blank group,a sham operation group,a model group,an EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group and an EA at Hegu(LI 4)group,with 8 rats in each group.Rats in the blank group only received binding to the rat plate,30 min/time,once a day for 7 d;on the 7th day,rats in the sham operation group were subjected to threading for 40 min at the left anterior descending coronary artery without ligation,and then the rats were allowed to stand for 60 min before collection of the specimens;on the 7th day,rats in the model group were subjected to threading at the left anterior descending coronary artery with ligation,for 40 min before the blood flow was restored,and then the rats were allowed to stand for 60 min before collection of the specimens;on the 7th day of pretreatment with EA at Neiguan(PC 6)or Hegu(LI 4)for 30 min per day(once a day for 7 d),rats in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group and EA at Hegu(LI 4)group were subjected to modeling and sample collection same as in the model group.The left ventricular myocardium of the lower left anterior descending coronary artery was collected from rats in all 5 groups.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and transmission electron microscope(TEM)were used to observe the changes in myocardial pathological morphology.The change in the adenine nucleotide level of myocardial tissue was measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results:The HE staining and ultrastructure showed that the myocardial injury was severer in the model group compared with the sham operation group.Compared with the model group,the myocardial injury in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)and the EA at Hegu(LI 4)groups was mild or hardly any.The adenine nucleotide levels in the sham operation group and the model group were all decreased compared with the blank group(all P<0.05);compared with the sham operation group,the adenine nucleotide level of the model group was also decreased,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05);compared with the model group,the adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group was increased(P<0.05),and the adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group was significantly increased(P<0.01).The adenine nucleotide level in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group was higher than that in the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with the EA at Neiguan(PC 6)group,the levels of adenosine triphosphate(ATP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and adenosine monophosphate(AMP)in the EA at Hegu(LI 4)group were significantly increased(all P<0.01).Conclusion:Both EA at Neiguan(PC 6)and Hegu(LI 4)can alleviate the pathological damage to myocardium in MIRI rats,and increase the adenine nucleotide level in myocardial tissues,and thus protect MIRI rats.EA at Hegu(LI 4)has a better protective effect than Neiguan(PC 6).

Effect of electroacupuncture pretreatment on the protein expression of c-fos in fastigial nucleus and lateral hypothalamus area in rats with acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)pretreatment on the protein expression of c-fos in fastigial nucleus(FN)and lateral hypothalamus area(LHA)in rats with acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),and to explore the role and mechanism of FN and LHA in EA at the Heart Meridian fighting against acute MIRI reaction.Methods:Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group,a model group,an EA-Heart Meridian group and an EA-Lung Meridian group,with 14 rats in each group;an LHA lesion plus EA-Heart Meridian group(LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group)and a FN lesion plus EA-Heart Meridian group(FN+EA-Heart Meridian group),with 7 rats in each group.Except the sham operation group,the left anterior descending branch of coronary artery was ligated to establish acute MIRI rat models in the other 5 groups.In the three groups with EA-Heart Meridian treatment,Shenmen(HT 7)and Tongli(HT 5)were selected;Taiyuan(LU 9)and Lieque(LU 7)were selected in the EA-Lung Meridian group.All the EA groups received EA stimulation prior to modeling,with 1 mA in current intensity and 2 Hz in frequency,20 min each time,once a day for a total of 7 d.The sham operation group and the model group did not receive EA stimulation.The electrocardiogram was observed in the rats to analyze the ST-segment deviation and cardiac arrhythmia score.The expression of c-fos protein in FN and LHA was detected by immunohistochemistry method.Results:Compared with the sham operation group,the ST-segment deviation,cardiac arrhythmia score and the expression of c-fos protein in the FN and LHA increased significantly in the model group(all P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the ST-segment deviation,cardiac arrhythmia score and the expression of c-fos protein in FN and LHA decreased significantly in the EA-Heart Meridian group(all P<0.05).Compared with the EA-Heart Meridian group,the ST-segment deviation and cardiac arrhythmia score increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group,LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group and FN+EA-Heart Meridian group(all P<0.05);the expression of c-fos in FN increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group and LHA+EA-Heart Meridian group(both P<0.05);the expression of c-fos in LHA increased significantly in the EA-Lung Meridian group and FN+EA-Heart Meridian group(both P<0.05).Conclusion:FN and LHA are involved in the mechanism of EA at Heart Meridian to improve the acute MIRI reactions,and the cerebellum may participate in the improvement of cardiac function by EA through the cerebellum-hypothalamus projection.

神经调节蛋白-1在心肌缺血再灌注中的研究进展

心肌缺血再灌注损伤过程中,心肌缺血梗死会导致心肌细胞不可逆的损伤,而缺血组织恢复血流灌注时,会引起再灌注区心肌细胞及局部血管网显著地病理生理变化,这些变化共同作用可促使进一步的组织损伤。目前临床药物和介入手术等治疗方法不能有效恢复心肌梗死后心脏的功能或失活的心肌。神经调节蛋白-1不仅在心脏组织的结构完整性中发挥重要作用,还可以通过抑制炎症反应与氧化应激、促进心脏血管形成、调节心肌重构等方式减轻心肌损伤,这使人们认识到其在治疗心肌缺血再灌注中的巨大潜力。本文将对神经调节蛋白-1在心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的研究进展进行综述和展望。

麝香配伍冰片对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑含水量及血脑屏障通透性的影响

【目的】观察麝香配伍冰片对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑含水量及血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier,BBB)通透性的影响。【方法】将SD大鼠30只随机分为6组:假手术组、模型组、麝香组(剂量为1 mg.kg-.1d-1)、冰片组(剂量为3 mg.kg-.1d-1)、麝香配伍冰片组、尼莫地平组(剂量为12 mg.kg-.1d-1);采用颈内动脉线栓法复制大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,干湿质量法观察脑含水量的变化,通过收集透出脑血管外的伊文思蓝(Evans blue,EB)来示踪BBB的变化。【结果】脑缺血2 h再灌注24 h,模型组较假手术组脑含水量及脑皮质EB含量显著性增加(P<0.01),血脑屏障遭到破坏;麝香配伍冰片组脑含水量较模型组显著性降低(P<0.05),而且麝香配伍冰片组及冰片组脑皮质EB含量较模型组显著性降低(P<0.01)。【结论】麝香配伍冰片可有效降低脑缺血再灌注后脑含水量及血脑屏障的通透性,对血脑屏障结构具有一定的保护作用。

葛根素对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用

【目的】观察葛根素对大鼠急性心肌缺血的保护作用。【方法】SD大鼠采用尾静脉注射垂体后叶素(P it,0.5 U/kg)后观察心电图变化,筛选敏感大鼠随机分为模型组、葛根素组(剂量为4 mg/kg)和硝酸甘油组(剂量为0.1 mg/kg);静脉给药1 m in后,各组大鼠静脉缓慢注射P it(2 U/kg)复制急性心肌缺血模型;观察造模后15 s、30 s、1 m in、5 m in、20 m in时各组大鼠的心电图变化,并检测血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量。【结果】葛根素能拮抗P it所致的急性心肌缺血的ST段抬高,降低心率失常的发生率,降低血清AST、CK、LDH含量。【结论】葛根素对垂体后叶素所致大鼠急性心肌缺血具有保护作用。

环维黄杨星D抗垂体后叶素致心肌缺血作用机理研究

[目的]观察环维黄杨星D(Cvb-D)抗心肌缺血的作用及可能的机制。[方法]SD大鼠60只,随机分为空白对照组, 模型组,Cvb-D高、中、低剂量组(剂量分别为2.2、1.1、0.55 mg·kg-1·d-1),消心痛组(25 mg·kg-1·d-1),各组按设计剂量分别灌胃给药,空白对照组和模型组灌胃20ml/kg的蒸馏水,连续30d;末次给药后1 h,除空白对照组外,均由尾静脉注射1.5 U/kg的垂体后叶素复制冠脉痉挛性心肌缺血模型,检测各组心电图(ECG),血浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性, 丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、磷酸肌酸激酶(CPK)的含量。[结果]Cvb-D高、中、低剂量组心电图缺血性改变发生率均低于模型组(P<0.05或P<0.01),均可提高血浆SOD活性,降低血浆MDA、LDH、CPK含量(与模型组比较,P <0.05或P<0.01)。[结论]Cvb-D对心肌缺血损伤具有保护作用,其机理可能与其减轻氧自由基对心肌膜的脂质过氧化损伤反应,降低缺血性心肌酶的释放量有关。

β-细辛醚对缺血—再灌注损伤心肌细胞的保护作用

【目的】观察石菖蒲有效成分β-细辛醚对缺血—再灌注损伤(MI-RI)心肌细胞的保护作用。【方法】培养原代乳鼠心肌细胞,采用连二亚硫酸钠(Na2S2O4)复制心肌细胞MI-RI模型,以四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)法测定细胞存活率,紫外分光光度法测定细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和肌酸激酶(CK)的含量,利用流式细胞术(FCM)检测线粒体膜电位(MMP)平均荧光强度。【结果】β-细辛醚能显著提高MI-RI模型细胞存活率,降低培养液中LDH、CK的含量,提高MMP值(均P<0.05)。【结论】β-细辛醚对MI-RI心肌细胞具有保护作用,其作用机理可能与减轻细胞膜损伤,降低线粒体膜通透性有关。

黄芪甲苷体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞分化为心肌样细胞的实验研究

【目的】观察黄芪甲苷体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)定向分化为心肌样细胞的作用。【方法】采用密度梯度离心和贴壁培养法分离大鼠MSCs,反复传代及纯化后,取第3代MSCs,采用流式细胞仪检测细胞表面抗原CD34和CD44;取第8代MSCs进行分组诱导:黄芪甲苷组(终浓度为250 mg/L)、5-氮胞苷(5-aza,终浓度为10μmol/L)、黄芪甲苷加5-aza组(终浓度分别为250 mg/L与10μmol/L),并设空白对照组,诱导后继续培养4周;计算心肌样细胞诱导率,采用免疫组化法鉴定诱导后MSCs中结蛋白(Desmin)和心肌特异性肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)的表达,采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法鉴定诱导后MSCs中心肌特异性蛋白α-心肌肌球蛋白重链(-αMHC)和β-心肌肌球蛋白重链(-βMHC)信使核糖核酸(mRNA)的表达。【结果】原代培养的MSCs首先形成集落,传代细胞体积变大,诱导后细胞呈梭形,并出现肌管;MSCs表面抗原CD44表达阳性,而骨髓造血干细胞表面抗原CD34表达阴性,表明本实验方法所得细胞为均一的MSCs细胞群;各组在不同时间的心肌样细胞诱导率无明显差异;免疫组化结果显示诱导后MSCs表达心肌特异性蛋白Desmin和cTnI;RT-PCR结果显示诱导后MSCs表达成熟的心肌特异性蛋白-αMHC和-βMHC。【结论】黄芪甲苷可在体外诱导大鼠MSCs定向分化为心肌样细胞,但诱导率仍有待提高。

龟板对局灶性脑缺血后神经干细胞的作用

【目的】探讨补肾中药龟板对局灶性脑缺血后神经干细胞的作用。【方法】采用大脑中动脉线栓法造成局灶性脑缺血大鼠模型 ,应用免疫组织化学技术检测神经上皮干细胞蛋白 (Nestin)的表达 ,观察龟板对脑缺血后神经上皮干细胞蛋白的影响。【结果】龟板可降低神经病评分和增强脑缺血后Nestin表达。【结论】提示补肾中药龟板可减轻神经损伤症状和对局灶性脑缺血后神经干细胞有促进增殖作用。

益心脉颗粒对心肌缺血再灌注损伤心功能的影响

【目的】观察益心脉颗粒(由人参、桂枝、瓜蒌、水蛭、茯苓等组成)对家兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤心功能的保护作用。【方法】45只新西兰家兔随机分成A、B、C、D、E5组,分别喂饲益心脉颗粒(大、小两种剂量)、维生素E、复方丹参片及普通饲料,连续7d。末次给药1h,以结扎家兔冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)造成心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型,观察造模后各组心功能指标的变化。【结果】结扎LAD前,各组心功能指标无显著性差异(P>0.05),结扎后,各组心功能指标呈现不同程度抑制现象。在缺血30min和再灌注30min后,A、B组左室收缩压(LVSP)、左室压力上升和下降最大速度(±dp/dtmax)值均高于 C、D、E组(P<0.05或P<0.01),而LVSP值C、D组又高于E组(P<0.01);在缺血60min和再灌注30min后,A、B组左室心肌收缩成分实测最大缩短速度(fpm)、左心室心肌收缩成分零负荷时的缩短速度(fmax)和左心室内发展压力为5.33kPa时心肌收缩成分缩短速度(f40)值均高于C、D、E组(P<0.05或P<0.01),而各组左室舒张末压(LVEDP)值均低于E组(P<0.01)。【结论】益心脉颗粒改善心脏舒缩功能作用优于维生素E和复方丹参片,对缺血再灌注造成的损伤具有显著的保护作用。

黄芩苷对局灶性脑缺血大鼠的保护作用

【目的】观察黄芩苷对局灶性脑缺血模型大鼠的保护作用及可能的机制。【方法】将大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组及黄芩苷组;采用线栓法复制大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞模型(MCAO),造模前、后及造模后8 h黄芩苷组分别腹腔注射给药1次(剂量为100 mg.kg-1.d-1);造模后24 h记录大鼠神经功能行为得分,并采用分光光度法测定缺血侧脑组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的含量。【结果】黄芩苷能降低MCAO模型大鼠的神经功能缺损评分,升高缺血侧脑组织中SOD、GSH-Px、CAT的含量,降低MDA的含量,与模型组比较具有显著性差异(均P<0.05或P<0.01)。【结论】黄芩苷对局灶性脑缺血大鼠的神经功能具有保护作用,其机制可能与其减少氧化损伤从而保护脑组织有关。

伪人参皂苷GQ对异丙肾上腺素致大鼠急性心肌缺血的改善作用

目的:探讨新化合物伪人参皂苷GQ(PGQ)对异丙肾上腺素致急性心肌缺血大鼠心电图改变的保护作用。方法:取Wistar大白鼠50只,随机分为生理盐水组、异搏定对照组及PGQ大、中、小3个剂量组, 每组10只。舌下静脉注射预防给药PGQ 3．0、6．0和12．0 mg·kg-1及异搏定0．2 mg·kg-1,然后静脉注射 2．0 mg·kg 1异丙肾上腺素,测量心电图(ECG)标Ⅱ、胸I(V1)和胸Ⅱ(V 2)ST段的变化。结果:标Ⅱ导联、V1导联、V 2导联PGQ小、中、大剂量组ST段在各时间点抬高不明显,ST段抬高幅度低于盐水组 (P<0．05,P<0．01,P<0．001)。结论:PGQ能明显降低异丙肾上腺素引起的ST段抬高,具有改善大鼠异丙肾上腺素致急性心肌缺血心电图改变的作用。

芳香开窍法对全脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织NO含量及NO合酶表达的影响

[目的]研究以麝香、冰片为代表的芳香开窍中药对大鼠脑组织一氧化氮(NO)含量及一氧化氮合酶内皮细胞型(eNOS)、一氧化氮合酶诱导型(iNOS)表达量的影响。[方法]Pulsinelli的4VO法建立大鼠全脑缺血再灌注模型,采用硝酸还原酶法测定NO及免疫组织化学染色技术观察脑微血管eNOS、iNOS及神经元iNOS表达,并进行半定量分析。[结果]芳香开窍中药和尼莫通能减少缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织中NO的含量,并接近于正常,与模型组比较P<0.01,与假手术组比较P>0.05。对NOS的两个亚型iNOS和eNOS分析提示芳香开窍药能提高脑微血管eNOS的表达,降低神经元及脑微血管iNOS表达(与模型组比P<0.01)。[结论]芳香开窍药有促进内皮细胞产生合成NO,同时也能降低神经元及微血管iNOS表达,从而减少总NO的生成量,降低缺血引起的NO毒性作用,对脑组织具有一定的保护作用。