SHARING AND PLANNING OF DISTRIBUTED EQUIPMENT FOR NETWORKED MANUFACTURING

Efficient utilization of the equipment distributed in different enterprises and optimal allocation of these resources is an important concern for networked manufacturing. The third party based equipment sharing approach is put forward to optimize the utilization of distributed equipment for networked manufacturing; Taking advantage of the shared equipment offered by equipment providers by means of lease agreement, the third party carries out production by establishing networked virtual factory. Operational mechanism of the third party based equipment sharing is discussed, and characteristics of this approach in achieving resource allocation are analyzed. Shared equipment planning is formulated as an optimization problem with the objective of maximizing profits for equipment coordinator, a mathematical model for shared equipment planning is developed. Finally a case study is discussed to show the effectiveness of the planning model.

Research of Enterprise Resource Management Supporting Networked Manufacturing

The nature of networked manufacturing and agile manufacturing is to recognize enterprise resources timely and accurately. This paper mainly discusses an enterprise resource model method and the construction process. Furthermore, the system frameworks of software and application are put forward to realize various enterprise resources management based on a resource business process. Thus, we ensure the integration and sharing of enterprise resources for the requirement of networked manufacturing.

Protection and Management of Intellectual Properties in the Networked Manufacturing

Networked manufacturing is a primary management mod e of virtual enterprise. It takes advantage of advanced network technology to pass information and devise and assemble necessary components so as to reach a certa in specific purpose. The characteristics of it are dynamic, international and pr ompt. In contrast with traditional manufacturing, networked manufacturing utilizes external predominant resources, and breaks through tangible limits of enterpris e, so it can optimize the combination of social resources and improve the enterp rise′capability of adapting to the constantly changing market. Networked manufacturing produces some problems while bringing enterprise infin ite commercial chance. Compared with traditional manufacturing, stealing intelle ctual achievements and encroaching the related property rights not only becomes easier and quicker, but also leaves no traces when enterprises transfer informat ion through network. It′s well known that competition among corporations in the future is the on e of intellectual property in the final analysis. Therefore, recently, the statu s of intellectual property protection is promoted grandly. In the following parts, several proposals on protecting intellectual property ar e put forward in detail. We can protect the intellectual property by the ways of strengthening the consci ousness of protection. We can protect the intellectual property by perfecting the law. We will know which behaviors on the network are legitimate and which one are illegitimate. As a result, it can decrease and resolve the conflicts partially. Besides, the article puts forward that the conflicts can be resolved through a m edi-institution, an authoritative governmental organization. Moreover, we should strengthen the education on ethics. At last, the paper presents that we can protect our intellectual property throug h international cooperation.

Management and Control of Outsourcing in Dispersed Network Manufacturing Systems

The trend of economic globalisation and advances in i nformation technology has led to the emergence of dispersed manufacturing system s as a form of the virtual organisation. New manufacturing strategy pays more at tention to the management of the total value chain and therefore puts emphasis o n outsourcing. In fact, outsourcing is an efficient way of utilizing available r esources and has become one key aspect of the manufacturing strategy. Improved d ecision and organization on outsourcing will result in cost production and short er lead-times. However, most concepts and practice of traditional outsourcing do not adapt to t he changing environment and meet increasing performance requirements. On the oth er hand, virtual organisations might display instability between pure outsourcin g and establishing alliance. Balance and trade-off between independent agents a nd creating alliance are thus required. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to develop a model to support decision-making, management and control on outsou rcing in a dispersed network manufacturing system and to discuss several key iss ues that are relevant to the relationship between the agents of the network. Dev elopment of the model will deploy Applied System Theory and will be built on fou ndations of earlier research on industrial management such the theories of Outso urcing, Order Entry Points, Design of Organisations and Logistic Control. The is sues that will be addressed in this paper are: · The selection of suppliers and co-makers; · Communication between suppliers and clients; · The mechanisms for profit-sharing between agents; · The product data management to integrate the knowledge of the different agent s into product design. Industrial companies will benefit from this research by the practical methods an d implementation extending their business models beyond concepts for outsourcing and alliances. Additionally, the exploration will lead to proactive contributio n of manufacturing during engineering, which would improve management and contro l of dispersed manufacturing systems.

Manufacturing enterprise collaboration network:An empirical research and evolutionary model

With the increasingly fierce market competition,manufacturing enterprises have to continuously improve their competitiveness through their collaboration and labor division with each other,i.e.forming manufacturing enterprise collaborative network(MECN)through their collaboration and labor division is an effective guarantee for obtaining competitive advantages.To explore the topology and evolutionary process of MECN,in this paper we investigate an empirical MECN from the viewpoint of complex network theory,and construct an evolutionary model to reproduce the topological properties found in the empirical network.Firstly,large-size empirical data related to the automotive industry are collected to construct an MECN.Topological analysis indicates that the MECN is not a scale-free network,but a small-world network with disassortativity.Small-world property indicates that the enterprises can respond quickly to the market,but disassortativity shows the risk spreading is fast and the coordinated operation is difficult.Then,an evolutionary model based on fitness preferential attachment and entropy-TOPSIS is proposed to capture the features of MECN.Besides,the evolutionary model is compared with a degree-based model in which only node degree is taken into consideration.The simulation results show the proposed evolutionary model can reproduce a number of critical topological properties of empirical MECN,while the degree-based model does not,which validates the effectiveness of the proposed evolutionary model.

Research on Evaluation and Management of Networked Manufacturing Resources Based on WUXIASP

The data models and description of manufacturing resources are discussed for realizing distributed networked manufacturing and the multi-goal evaluating model is put forward. The factors and process in networked manufacturing resources evaluating are given, and the service function and the system architecture of WUXIASP is set up. It is useful to actualize area networked manufacture.

Introduction to Cloud Manufacturing

Cloud manufacturing is a new, networked and intelligent manufacturing model that is service-oriented. know edge based, high performance, and energy efficient. In this model, state-of-the-art technologies such as informatized manufacturing, cloud computing, intemet of Things, semantic Web, aria high-performance computing are integrated in oroer to provide secure, reliabte. and high quality on-demand services at low prices for those involved in the whole manufacturing lifecycie. As an important part of cioud manufacturing, cloud simulation technology based on the COSIM-CSP platform has primarily been aoplied in thedesign of a multidisciplinary virtual prototype of a flight vehicle. This lays the foundation for further research into cloud manufacturina.

Evolution of Manufacturing Strategy and System in Multinational Corporations:Internationalisation and Inter-firm Collaboration Redefine the Boundaries of Manufacturing and Firm

In recent decades, the world economy has been stron gl y driven by worldwide foreign direct investment (FDI) of transnational corporati ons (TNCs). And business globalisation is leading to widespread re-structuring of international manufacturing systems in TNCs. However, still very little sys tematic research in manufacturing engineering or production/operations managemen t (P/O M) has focused on these new types of globalised manufacturing systems, an d little communication is organised between different academic disciplines such as manufacturing, management/ business studies, economics, geography, internatio nal development studies and so on. Many critical issues are still poorly unders tood and are not covered by current research agendas, for example: · properties of international manufacturing network systems in terms of structu ral architecture, dynamic mechanisms, strategic capabilities, strategy processes , new technology, and alliance relationships · knowledge management and organisational learning mechanisms in international manufacturing context, especially in globally coordinated networks at both intra - and inter- organisational levels · global economic trends, regional collaboration, national culture/identity, an d their impacts on industrial sector development, and company’s manufacturin g system design/re-structuring In industry, lack of global vision and appropriate strategies during internation alisation have become major barrier to the effective management of international operations. In academia, limited multi-discipline exchanges have inhibited de velopments not only in each area but also knowledge contribution to industry whi ch could arise from discipline integration. This paper, based on recent years case observations and action research work on manufacturing internationalisation, especially globalisation, introduces an evol utionary process of manufacturing systems. It seeks to explore the external and internal driving forces of the transformation and the responses of manufacturin g systems in terms of static architectures, dynamic mechanisms, and strategic ca pabilities in the evolutionary process. The paper Reviews recent researches on manufacturing internationalisation in dif ferent disciplines to gain a comprehensive picture about international manufactu ring system from different perspectives. Based on the empirical observations of industrial issues and difficulties, a further research framework is proposed to tackle wider issues in international manufacturing covering manufacturing value creation process, internationalisation process, and strategic alliance formatio n process. The paper argues that, besides deep research on three dimensions of international manufacturing system, development of strategy process to synthesis e these three processes is more important in the future research work. It sugge sts that it is necessary to enhance the collaboration between countries and disc iplines, and stimulate explorations of new frameworks that can provide more insi ghts about new manufacturing systems and foresights their development.

Exploring self-organization and self-adaption for smart manufacturing complex networks

Trends toward the globalization of the manufacturing industry and the increasing demands for small-batch,short-cycle,and highly customized products result in complexities and fluctuations in both external and internal manufacturing environments,which poses great challenges to manufacturing enterprises.Fortunately,recent advances in the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and the widespread use of embedded processors and sensors in factories enable collecting real-time manufacturing status data and building cyber–physical systems for smart,flexible,and resilient manufacturing systems.In this context,this paper investigates the mechanisms and methodology of self-organization and self-adaption to tackle exceptions and disturbances in discrete manufacturing processes.Specifically,a general model of smart manufacturing complex networks is constructed using scale-free networks to interconnect heterogeneous manufacturing resources represented by network vertices at multiple levels.Moreover,the capabilities of physical manufacturing resources are encapsulated into virtual manufacturing services using cloud technology,which can be added to or removed from the networks in a plug-and-play manner.Materials,information,and financial assets are passed through interactive links across the networks.Subsequently,analytical target cascading is used to formulate the processes of self-organizing optimal configuration and self-adaptive collaborative control for multilevel key manufacturing resources while particle swarm optimization is used to solve local problems on network vertices.Consequently,an industrial case based on a Chinese engine factory demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model and method in handling typical exceptions.The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism and method outperform the event-triggered rescheduling method,reducing manufacturing cost,manufacturing time,waiting time,and energy consumption,with reasonable computational time.This work potentially enables managers and practitioners to implement active perception,active response,self-organization,and self-adaption solutions in discrete manufacturing enterprises.

Conceptual Framework and Curriculum for Networked Agile Manufacturing

Networked agile manufacturing (NAM) is a new manufacturing paradigm for the 21st century. Manufacturing businesses based on NAM are characterized by virtual organization, innovation, global sourcing of materials and production centered on the workforce. Therefore, NAM requires a knowledgeable, motivated workforce. This paper reviews the literature related to developing an NAM curriculum to: (1) review the progress for organizing manufacturing information, (2) study the fundamental technologies impacting NAM, including product data management (RDM), enterprise resource planning (ERP), and component/supplier management (CSM), (3) present a definition of NAM and its conceptual framework, and (4) generalize the basic NAM curriculum. The NAM curriculum can be used for developing a manufacturing course.

GLOBAL MANUFACTURING VIRTUAL NETWORK (GMVN): A REVISITING OF THE CONCEPT AFTER THREE YEARS FIELDWORK

The idea of the global manufacturing virtual network (GMVN) was introduced in 2000 in order to highlight an emerging as well as an alternative manufacturing system which will have strong impacts on industry and implications to management theory. During the last three years, more than thirty companies - based in the electronics, bio-pharmaceuticals, garment, and home electronics appliance industries - have been studied in the UK and China. The research project addresses the emergence of the collaborative manufacturing phenomenon at three levels - sector, system and enabling technology. This paper summarises preliminary research findings from fieldwork conducted over the last three years. It seeks to clarify the characteristics and functionality of GMVN through the case studies and to contrast it to other types of business model, such as the multinational corporations (MNC) and international strategic alliances (ISAs). It also raises some new research questions and themes for further research into GMVN.

Research on Product Digital Collaborative Design System

Network economy had changed manufacturing environme nt at all. Open global market offer more choice to customer, and it become changea ble and unpredictable as consumers’ needs become more and more characteristic an d diversified. Various new technology coming forth and application accelerate th e rapid change of the market. The manufacturing enterprises were compelled t o change their strategy by the variability of the market, and time has been put to the all-important place. There is a need driven by the market to set up a ne twork design and manufacturing mode which have rapid market responsiveness. In order to meet the need for network manufacturing, the organization and manage ment of manufacturing enterprise need a completely innovation, next generation o f manufacturing system must have the character such as digitization, flexibility , agility, customization and globalization and so on. As for an enterprise in au to industry, how to gather together the orders through the distribution, and rap id produce the product which can meet the customer’s need, it is the key that th e contemporary enterprises succeed in the competitive market. The competitive market requires rapid product development. Close cooperation amo ng the designers will accelerate the product development by shortening the devel opment cycle, improving the product quality and reducing the investment. It has been emphasized in the methodology of concurrent engineering (CE). But sometimes those partners are distributed in the world, so there is a need for an importan t technology contribution to collaborative engineering, and supporting distribut ed designers for rapid product development. This paper focuses on a collaborative design system: Product Digit Collaborative Design System (PDCDS). The solution of PDCDS can make it more efficient and rel iable to visit teledata as well as we can get it from local database. It will be ease to get the newest design process information aided by PDCDS, and it will h ave higher efficiency by collaborative work. Comparing with other traditional Pr oduct Data Management (PDM) software system, PDCDS have some new characters such as group, dynamicness, synchronization or asynchronism working mode, and the hi story recorder is needed, and it also surport Webservice.

Strategy Selection of Production Technical Standards in a Manufacturing Supply Chain Network： The Role of Partnership Density

This paper presents the game of production technical standards between downstream and upstream suppliers on a manufacturing supply chain network when the two parties have different partnership densities, namely, the numbers of replaceable and mature manufacturing partners. We firstly constructed a manufacturing chain network and analyzed its three relationship structures among suppliers with the presence of different relationship densities, and found that all the three relationships brought about the game of production technical standards between partnership-rich and partnership-scanty suppliers. Then we built a two-party payoff matrix, and analyzed the two-party game and evolutionary stable strategy, based on replication dynamic equation and asymmetric evolutionary game theory. The evolutionary stable strategies of two parties under varying payoff parameters were validated through numerical simulation. Finally, we proposed some suggestions for both those manufacturers with more partners and fewer partners, respectively.

Application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing:Theoretical basis,realistic plights,and development suggestions

Blockchain technology is considered one of the promising technologies of the information technology era.The core features of blockchain,such as decentralization,transparency,high security,and tamper-proof nature,bring great convenience for large-scale social cooperation and data sharing.Blockchain has a broad application prospect in the field of intelligent manufacturing.The key issues of this field,such as distributed collaborative production,industrial big data sharing and security,transparent logistics,and supply chain,are naturally consistent with the core characteristics of the blockchain technology.This study aims to analyze the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.First,we introduce the basic connotation and applications of blockchain.Then,we propose the theoretical basis for the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.Finally,we point out the realistic plights and provide some suggestions to promote the application of blockchain in the field of intelligent manufacturing.

PREDECESSOR-SET TECHNIQUE FOR RELIABILITY EVALUATION OF A STOCHASTIC MANUFACTURING SYSTEM

This paper studies the reliability evaluation of a stochastic manufacturing system with multiple production lines in parallel. Multiple repairs and different failure rates, never simultaneously addressed in earlier works, are taken into account. First, a revised graphical methodology integrating transformation and decomposition is utilized to construct the stochastic manufacturing system as a multi-state manufacturing network （MSMN）. In particular, a ＂predecessor-set＂ technique is proposed to deal with multiple repairs. An algorithm is proposed to generate the lowest capacity vectors （LCVs） that stations should provide to satisfy the workloads. Subsequently, the system reliability of the MSMN, which is defined as the probability of demand satisfaction, is calculated in terms of the LCVs. A real case of a printed circuit board manufacturing system is utilized to demonstrate how the system reliability can be evaluated. A further decision making issue is addressed based on the derived system reliability.