Neural pathway is regarded as the anatomic basic of all kinds of brain activities.In recent years,with the development of neurolinguistics,an increasing number of researchers have found that the language acquisition w...Neural pathway is regarded as the anatomic basic of all kinds of brain activities.In recent years,with the development of neurolinguistics,an increasing number of researchers have found that the language acquisition will finally result in the building of different kinds of neural pathways.The author interprets that the similar part of neural pathways is considered to be the ana?tomical basic for positive grammar transfer,while the different parts can be regarded as the cause for the negative grammar trans?fer.Grammar transfer has both positive and negative effects on the second language acquisition.The positive transfer includes af?fixes,words building can speed up the acquisition of the second language while the negative transfer such as speech,article,single and plural nouns,subjects,redundancy and time expression will hinder the acquisition of the second language.In order to use these effects to the greatest extent,the learners as well as teachers should use as much positive transfer as possible,while minimiz?ing the negative transfer of during the second language acquisition.展开更多
The protection of language function is one of the major challenges of brain surgery.Over the past century,neurosurgeons have attempted to seek the optimal strategy for the preoperative and intraoperative identificatio...The protection of language function is one of the major challenges of brain surgery.Over the past century,neurosurgeons have attempted to seek the optimal strategy for the preoperative and intraoperative identification of language-related brain regions.Neurosurgeons have investigated the neural mechanism of language,developed neurolinguistics theory,and provided unique evidence to further understand the neural basis of language functions by using intraoperative cortical and subcortical electrical stimulation.With the emergence of modern neuroscience techniques and dramatic advances in language models over the last 25 years,novel language mapping methods have been applied in the neurosurgical practice to help neurosurgeons protect the brain and reduce morbidity.The rapid advancements in brain-computer interface have provided the perfect platform for the combination of neurosurgery and neurolinguistics.In this review,the history of neurolinguistics models,advancements in modern technology,role of neurosurgery in language mapping,and modern language mapping methods(including noninvasive neuroimaging techniques and invasive cortical electroencephalogram)are presented.展开更多
文摘Neural pathway is regarded as the anatomic basic of all kinds of brain activities.In recent years,with the development of neurolinguistics,an increasing number of researchers have found that the language acquisition will finally result in the building of different kinds of neural pathways.The author interprets that the similar part of neural pathways is considered to be the ana?tomical basic for positive grammar transfer,while the different parts can be regarded as the cause for the negative grammar trans?fer.Grammar transfer has both positive and negative effects on the second language acquisition.The positive transfer includes af?fixes,words building can speed up the acquisition of the second language while the negative transfer such as speech,article,single and plural nouns,subjects,redundancy and time expression will hinder the acquisition of the second language.In order to use these effects to the greatest extent,the learners as well as teachers should use as much positive transfer as possible,while minimiz?ing the negative transfer of during the second language acquisition.
基金This work was supported by Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center(No.SHDC12018114)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.19QA1401700)+3 种基金Shanghai Young Talents Program(No.2017YQ014)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(No.2018SHZDZX01)ZJLabNational Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81701289).
文摘The protection of language function is one of the major challenges of brain surgery.Over the past century,neurosurgeons have attempted to seek the optimal strategy for the preoperative and intraoperative identification of language-related brain regions.Neurosurgeons have investigated the neural mechanism of language,developed neurolinguistics theory,and provided unique evidence to further understand the neural basis of language functions by using intraoperative cortical and subcortical electrical stimulation.With the emergence of modern neuroscience techniques and dramatic advances in language models over the last 25 years,novel language mapping methods have been applied in the neurosurgical practice to help neurosurgeons protect the brain and reduce morbidity.The rapid advancements in brain-computer interface have provided the perfect platform for the combination of neurosurgery and neurolinguistics.In this review,the history of neurolinguistics models,advancements in modern technology,role of neurosurgery in language mapping,and modern language mapping methods(including noninvasive neuroimaging techniques and invasive cortical electroencephalogram)are presented.
