Effects of modified clay flocculation on major nutrients and diatom aggregation during Skeletonema costatum blooms in the laboratory

Harmful algal blooms(HABs) can elicit several negative effects on aquatic environment(such as depleting the oxygen, blocking the sunlight, destroying the habitats of organisms) and life health(including poisoning/killing marine mammals, birds and human). Among the various control strategies for HABs(physical manipulation needs lots of manpower and expensive equipment, chemicals treatment has some toxic byproduct and high residual, microbial agents only has limited in laboratory research), the coagulation-flocculation of HAB species by modified clay(MC) has been proven to be an effective, lowcost and environmentally friendly method that has been widely applied in the field, particularly in eastern Asia. In order to examine the long-term effects of MC treatment, this study investigated the alternations in seawater of Skeletonema costatum, a high biomass dominant HAB species along the Chinese coast, by comparing the degradation of S. costatum detritus(A1) with the application of MC treatment(A2) and MC treatment in sediment condition(A3). The low dosage of 0.25 g/L MC could efficiently remove 4×108 cells/L of S. costatum cells within 3.5 h(approximately 97% removal). In addition, the results showed that both inorganic and organic nutrients were effectively reduced from seawater by MC particles. Compared to the total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) concentrations in A1 seawater, 44% of TN and 93% of TP in A2 seawater, as well as 72% of TN and 93% of TP in A3 seawater were removed during the onemonth incubation period. Simultaneously, 64% of DISi in A2 and 44% of DISi in A3 significantly decreased( P <0.001). This study demonstrated that MC treatment was able to significantly increase the downward flux of nutrients and delay the release velocity of inorganic nutrient from MC-algae matrix into the overlying seawater, particularly within sediment environment.

Effect of spatial pattern on nutrient reduction in the Liaohe Delta

The effect of spatial pattern on the nutrient reduction is investigated based on the spatial simulation model developed for the study area of the Liaohe Delta, China. Four scenarios are designed to test the effect of different landscape components on the nutrient reduction in the reed marsh: Canal density, reed area size, reed area shrinking pattern, and pumping station position. Based on a spatial model designed for the study area, the nutrient reduction in each case of these scenarios is simulated. The results indicate that each factor brings less than 10% change in the total nutrient reduction rate. More canals will not help much to improve nutrient reduction. Smaller areas are more efficient than larger ones. The shrinkage pattern is better than others in keeping a higher nutrient reduction rate. It is also more efficient to keep the pumping station near the border of the area to be irrigated. These conclusions provide theoretical supports to strategy makers for local land use planning, and contribute to the understanding of the relationship between landscape patterns and functions.

Variations of nutrient elements and its effect on ecological environment off the Changjiang estuarine waters

On the basis of the date obtained in two cruises during October 1997 and May 1998, the concentration distribution and the variation of present species of nutrient elements in the water masses are described. The transform mechanism of present species of nutrients and the of differrnt water masses, frontal area and thermohaline transition layer on convergence or divergence and the biogeochemical cycle of nutrient elements off the Changjiang Estuary are studied. Meanwhile, the environmental capaci- ty of nutrients is primarily estimated: they are 1.803 x 104t DIN and 6.18 x 102t PO43- -P in autumn, and 4.20x 102t PO43- -P in spring.

Analysis of genetic effects and correlations for nutrient quality traits of indica rice in different environments

Understanding the variation for the expressionof genes in different environments is one of themajor goals in qualitative genetics. In this pa-per, the genetic models for quantitative traitsof endosperm in cereal crops were used to eval-uate the seed, cytoplasm and maternal geneticeffects as well as the genotype × environment(GE) interaction effects, and to predict thebreeding value of parents and genotypic corre-lation for nutrient quality traits of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Preparation and Effectiveness of Slow-release Polymeric Fertilizer Containing Multiple Nutrients Special for Maize

Slow-release polymeric fertilizer containing multiple nutrients was synthesized through condensation polymerization from raw materials of homemade low-molecular urea-formaldehyde and the compounds of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and phosphoric acid. Adjustment of the proportion of raw materials makes the ingredients of the fertilizer are N:P_2O_5:K_2O =1:0.75:0.13, which satisfy the nutritional requirement for maize growth. Field-experiment results prove that the yield of maize increases by 16.56% when using the polymeric fertilizer special for maize alone, by 56.51% when applying the polymeric fertilizer special for maize plus farmyard manure, and by 49.11% when applying the SV fertilizer special for maize plus manure.

The effects of nutrients and heavy metals on the plankton in marine enclosed ecosystem

Applying marine enclosed ecosystem extensively to study the nutrient variation and its relation to biochemical process by marine ecologists and biogeologists in North America, Europe, Japan and Australia has been lasting for many years. Santschi (1982) reviewed the geochemical recirculation of nutrients systematically. Kremling et al. (1978) described the changes in nutrient in marine enclosed e-

The study of fluorescence characteristics and biochemical composition of a marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana 3H in light and dark cyclesI. The effects of nutrients

The effects of nutrients on the fluorescence characteristics and biochemical composition of marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana 3H in light and dark cycles were investigated with continuous culture. The results show that with the increase of nutrient deficiency, the ratio of enhanced fluorescence to fluorescence (Fd/F), cellular chloropyll-a and protein content of the algae decline, but the fluorescence yield (F/Chl) , DCMU enhanced fluorescence yield (Fd/Chl) , cellular carbohydrate content, carbohydrate/Chl, protein/Chl, carbohydrate/protein increase. The changing amplitude of each parameter is different at different nutrition status, sampling time and different light intensity.

Effects of Sustained-Release Calcium Hydroxide and Sustained-Release Hydrochloric Acid on Nutrient Di-gestion and Absorption of Rabbits

Rabbits with the body weight of （2.0 ± 0.5 ） kg were chosen, to study the effects of sustained-release calcium hydroxide and sustained-release hydro- chloric acid on nutrient digestion and absorption of rabbits. The results showed that sustained-release calcium hydroxide promoted digestion and absorption of nutri- ents, especially calcium and crude protein. The digestibility of calcium and crude protein was increased from 89.8% and 93.8% to 41.0% and 65.2%, respec- tively. Sustained-release hydrochloric acid was adverse to digestion and absorption of nutrients, especially calcium and crude protein. The digestibility of calcium and crude protein were decreased from 55.5% and 84.9% to 28.4% and 68.7%, respectively. The promotion effects of sustained-release hydrochloride on diges- tion lasted for 3 -4 d. Therefore, sustained-release calcium hydroxide promoted digestion and absorption of calcium and protein, while digestion and absorption of fat remained at a high level no matter what the condition was. Consequently, increasing the intake of fat would cause over nutrition. However, taking sustained-re- lease hydrochloric acid would reduce nutrient digestion and absorption.

秸秆粉构建隔离层方式对土壤氮磷淋溶阻控效应研究

为控制氮磷面源污染提供理论基础,研究了秸秆粉构建隔离层方式对土壤氮磷淋溶阻控效应。通过盆栽辣椒试验,设置空白对照(T1)、单层深埋(T2)、双层深埋(T3)、单层深埋+土壤混合(T4)、土壤混合(T5)五种处理,构建秸秆隔离层,在不同时间点取淋溶水,测试淋溶水中氮磷含量,明确不同秸秆构建隔离层方式对土壤氮磷淋溶的阻控效应。结果表明,T4明显比其他处理和对照表现出阻截氮磷淋溶效应的优势,全氮、总磷、有效磷、氨氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮累积淋溶量分别比对照减少了50.6%、42.64%、25.8%、11.4%、65.6%、46.9%,同时增加辣椒生物量10.54%。四种处理均表现出阻截氮磷淋溶效应的趋势,但程度各有不同,具体应用到实际农业生产中还需进一步研究。

棉隆土壤消毒联合种植密度防除油菜田杂草及对作物产量和田间光照的影响

在农田杂草的治理中,结合农艺措施来治理草害的发生,可有效减少化学除草剂的使用,实现草害的综合治理。本文采用田间试验研究了棉隆土壤消毒联合油菜不同种植密度对油菜田主要杂草野燕麦Avena fatua、苦苣菜Sonchus oleraceus的防除效果,及杂草对氮、磷、钾及水分消耗的影响。结果表明,土壤消毒联合种植密度对油菜田杂草防除效果显著,对野燕麦、苦苣菜均有良好防效,总鲜重防效达到89.8%~100.0%。采取防除措施后,杂草对田间氮、磷、钾和水分的消耗量减少85%以上,有效改善了田间的水肥和光照条件。土壤消毒联合种植密度不同处理的油菜籽产量达到3155.0~4920.5 kg/hm^(2),增产效果显著,产量较未消毒土壤区增加13.3%~76.8%,增收1857.3~10684.8元/hm^(2)。研究表明采用土壤消毒结合种植密度对油菜田杂草具有很好的控制效果,适度增加油菜种植密度既能保证对杂草防效,同时也能保证产量。

Effect of Agricultural Land Use Changes on Soil Nutrient Use Efficiency in an Agricultural Area,Beijing,China

Agricultural land use and management practices may affect soil properties,which play a critical role in sustaining crop production.Since the late 1970s,several new agricultural land use types had been introduced in the rural areas of China.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of these land use changes on the soil properties,nu-trient absorption rate,and nutrient use economic efficiency ratio in an agricultural area of Beijing.Specifically,the cropland,the orchard and the vegetable field were examined.Results of this study suggest that land use and farming management practices significantly affect the content of soil organic carbon (SOC),total nitrogen (TN),total phos-phorus (TP),and available phosphorus in the surface layer of 0-25 cm (p<0.05) in the Yanqing Basin,northwestern Beijing.Soil nutrients in each agricultural land use type decrease rapidly with the increasing soil depth.Orchard and vegetable field tend to have higher soil nutrients than the cropland does.However,the soil nutrient-absorption rate (NAR) of the orchard and vegetable field is lower than that of the cropland,even though orchard and vegetable field may provide much higher economic benefit.While increasing SOC,TN,and TP in the orchard and vegetable field by intensive farming may be a valuable option to improve soil quality,potential increase in the risk of nutrient loss,or agricultural non-point source pollution can be a tradeoff if the intensive practices are not managed appropriately.

大花序桉林沼液水肥一体化应用效果研究

为探究沼液水肥一体化在林业上的应用效果,研究了沼液水肥一体化对大花序桉幼林生长、林下土壤养分及林下种植的百部、天冬、勃氏甜龙竹生长的影响。结果表明,沼液水肥一体化对大花序桉、百部、天冬、勃氏甜龙竹生长及林下土壤养分有一定影响。山高部、山中部和山底部施沼液处理大花序桉树高分别较不施沼液和水对照高10.59%、13.93%和25.93%,山高部、山中部和山底部施沼液处理大花序桉胸径分别较不施沼液和水对照高17.93%、20.47%和28.32%。施用沼液可提高土壤水解性氮含量、有效磷含量和速效钾含量,能提高土壤肥力。沼液水肥一体化能提高百部和天冬产量,增加勃氏甜龙竹出苗数和出笋量。

间套种模式对喀斯特地区核桃根际土壤养分和微生态环境的影响

为探究喀斯特地区间套种核桃对根际土壤养分及微生态环境的影响,该研究以桂西北喀斯特地区间套种核桃-桑树(H-SS)、核桃-十大功劳(H-SD)、核桃-玉米(H-YM)以及核桃单种(H-D)的核桃根际和非根际土壤为试验对象,基于室内化学实验和Illumina Miseq PE300高通量测序技术,分析不同种植模式下核桃根际与非根际土壤理化性质和微生物特征。结果表明:(1)不同模式核桃根际土壤对全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、全钾(TK)、速效磷(AP)、土壤有机碳(SOC)和交换性钙主要表现为不同程度的富集作用,对速效氮(AN)有亏缺现象。H-SS对TN、TP和SOC富集作用明显,H-YM富集AP、速效钾(AK)和交换性钙的效果最佳。(2)蔗糖酶活性、微生物量碳、氮及细菌均出现明显的根际效应,H-YM的蔗糖酶活性、磷酸酶活性和微生物量碳最高,但间套种模式降低了微生物量氮和细菌的根际效应。(3)3种间套种模式下根际土壤细菌Shannon指数均高于核桃单种。(4)根际土壤微生物多样性主要受养分影响,非根际主要受酶活性影响。综上认为,间套种能够提高根际养分富集率、增强土壤酶活性、促进微生物增殖。此中,H-SS根际土壤对TN、TP和SOC的富集作用明显,其土壤细菌含量也最高;H-YM根际土壤富集AP、AK和交换性钙的效果更佳。在实际生产中可根据当地经营习俗选择桑树或玉米进行间套种。

丛枝菌根真菌对甘薯源库关系、养分吸收和产量的影响

丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)能与作物根系形成共生关系,甘薯(Ipomoea batatas L.)是一种适应性强、高产、多用途的粮食作物,对AMF的依赖性较强。为探究接种AMF对甘薯全生育期源库关系、养分吸收和收获期产量的影响,以徐薯28和与之能建立良好共生关系的幼套近明球囊霉为试验材料,设接菌和不接菌两个处理,将大田与盆栽试验相结合,利用盆栽试验分析接种AMF对甘薯全生育期的茎叶生长状况、块根膨大、植株生物量和根际效应的影响,利用大田试验验证AMF对甘薯收获期块根产量和商品性的影响。结果表明:接种AMF降低了分枝结薯期、旺长期和薯块膨大期的茎叶鲜重;显著提高了分枝结薯期、旺长期和薯块膨大期的根冠比;显著提高了分枝结薯期和薯块膨大期缓效钾的根际效应,显著提高了分枝结薯期和旺长期块根氮、磷、钾的积累量;显著增加了全生育期块根鲜重。相比不接菌根,收获期的单株产量在盆栽试验中增加了32.58%,大田试验中增加了23.05%。因此,接种AMF能促进根际土壤中的钾活化,促进养分吸收的同时,抑制养分和干物质向地上部分配,协调了源库发展,促进了块根形成与膨大,并提高产量。

施肥模式对菜-稻轮作周年氮素吸收及产量的影响

为探明不同施肥模式对菜-稻轮作体系周年氮素吸收及其产量的影响,以长期定位试验中菜-菜-稻轮作和菜-菜-菜轮作各季作物为研究对象进行田间试验。2种轮作体系分别采用推荐施肥和习惯施肥2种施肥模式,于2020—2022年对各季作物氮含量和产量进行测定,研究不同施肥模式和轮作下各季作物周年氮素吸收积累量、氮肥偏生产力及其对产量效益的影响。结果表明,2个轮作周年内菜-菜-稻轮作方式下推荐施肥模式第二季作物(芥菜)和第三季作物(水稻)氮素年均吸收积累量为415.71 kg/hm^(2),显著高于习惯施肥模式(381.43kg/hm^(2))。第一和第二轮作周年,不同轮作施肥方式下四季豆作物的氮素收获指数为0.61~0.65,各处理之间无显著差异;推荐施肥处理水稻作物氮素收获指数分别为0.72和0.73,显著高于习惯施肥处理(0.62和0.62)。通过各季作物氮素吸收量与产量的相关分析表明推荐施肥处理能够提高作物氮素吸收利用率。菜-菜-稻轮作结合推荐施肥处理的年均产投比(1.79)高于习惯施肥处理(1.47),菜-菜-菜轮作结合推荐施肥处理的年均产投比(1.56)高于习惯施肥处理(1.36)。因此,推荐施肥处理作物的周年氮素吸收积累量和产量均高于习惯施肥,该施肥模式有利于菜-菜-稻轮作方式实现作物高产和氮肥高效利用,可获得较好的经济效益。

品种和养分管理影响冬小麦籽粒锌营养

【目的】小麦籽粒中的锌含量对人类锌营养具有重要影响,研究品种特性、磷肥和丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal,AMF)对小麦籽粒锌含量的影响,为通过选择基因型育种和绿色养分管理最大化小麦锌营养提供理论依据。【方法】开展盆栽试验,供试小麦品种包括育成年代为1940s的蚂蚱麦(MZ)、1950s的碧蚂1号(BM)、1960s的丰产3号(FC)和2010s的长旱58号(CH),每个品种设置两个磷肥处理:施磷200 mg/kg(HP)和不施磷(LP);两个接菌处理:接种60 g Rhizophagus intraradices菌剂(A)和未接种(CK),每个品种均包括4个处理。在小麦开花期和成熟期,测定各部位锌含量和植株生物量、产量,分析菌根侵染率,计算菌根生长以及与菌根生长相关联的磷、锌吸收响应值(MGR、MPR、MZnR),以偏最小二乘路径模型分析锌吸收相关指标对籽粒锌含量的效应。【结果】冬小麦不同品种间籽粒产量存在显著差异,随品种的更替籽粒产量显著增加,而籽粒锌浓度随品种的更替呈降低趋势。HP-CK处理冬小麦籽粒产量较LP-CK处理显著增加36.73%~42.16%,籽粒锌浓度显著降低11.57%~27.07%,FC、CH的籽粒锌累积量分别显著增加25.75%、14.44%。LP�A处理下4个冬小麦品种的根系菌根侵染率存在显著差异;施磷显著降低了冬小麦菌根侵染率(13.04%~23.63%)且导致品种间菌根侵染率无显著差异。与LP-CK处理相比,LP-A处理冬小麦籽粒锌浓度增加6.78%~9.37%,累积量显著提高23.75%~29.79%;HP-A处理仅CH的籽粒锌累积量较HP-CK处理显著提高。磷肥施用显著降低了4个冬小麦品种的MPR值(99.29%~140.76%),BM、FC和CH的MGR值(68.22%~71.77%)和MZnR值(56.47%~67.18%)。偏最小二乘路径分析结果显示,品种对籽粒锌浓度变化影响最大(−0.656),其次是磷肥(−0.557)、产量(−0.456)和AMF(0.191)。现代品种CH始终表现出较低的籽粒锌浓度和更高的产量及籽粒锌累积量。【结论】品种的产量潜力和养分管理是影响籽粒锌浓度最重要的因素。相比于育成年代较早的品种,当代品种小麦产量潜力高,对施肥(磷肥)和接种AMF的反应也高于育成年代较早的品种,因而进一步加剧了锌含量的稀释效应。因此,当代小麦品种需特别注意补充锌肥,以缓解稀释效应带来的籽粒低锌营养。

紫外线对栽培营养废液的抑菌效应及营养成分影响研究

为探究紫外线辐照对栽培营养废液中尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌效果以及营养成分的影响,以2种典型真菌即黄瓜和番茄专化型尖孢镰刀菌为材料,采用1.3、2.7、3.8 mW·cm^(-2)3种辐照强度和1、3、5 min 3个辐照时间对营养废液进行灭菌试验。结果表明,在离体培养下,紫外线对2种病原真菌有明显抑制效果,且随着辐照剂量增加,菌丝生长缓慢,菌落形态皱缩,孢子生殖量及萌发率降低,在最高剂量1140 mJ·cm^(-2)(3.8 mW·cm^(-2)、5 min)下实现100%抑菌率;同样在接种营养液下最高剂量处理显著抑制菌孢生长,杀灭率达到95%以上。经最高剂量紫外辐照后2种营养液中有机物去除率分别为92.3%、83.3%,而全氮、全磷含量无明显变化,表明紫外辐照在实现有效抑菌的同时易造成营养液中有机质损失而影响其后续的循环利用。以上研究结果为紫外杀菌技术在设施园艺栽培循环系统的应用提供基础数据。

丛枝菌根真菌对猴樟幼苗生长及养分特征影响

【目的】探究丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AM真菌)及其不同种类对猴樟幼苗生长和养分特征的影响,为猴樟菌根化育苗技术提供参考依据。【方法】以当年猴樟播种幼苗为研究对象,设置单接根内根孢囊霉(Rhizophagus intraradices,简称Ri)、单接摩西斗管囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae,简称Fm)、两菌种双接(Ri-Fm)及不接种对照(CK)4种处理,开展盆栽试验。测定了猴樟根茎叶的生长和氮磷钾养分指标,并通过主成分分析进行综合评价。【结果】3种接菌处理对猴樟根系的侵染率为19.62%~28.15%,以单接Ri的侵染率最高。接菌后约4个月时,AM真菌开始明显促进猴樟地上部生长。处理8个月收苗时结果显示,3种接菌处理均显著促进了猴樟根系生长,增加了根系数量,其中单接Fm促进作用最大。接菌处理也显著提高了猴樟生物量,Ri单接、Fm单接和双接处理的植株生物量分别是CK组的3.11倍、3.18倍和2.85倍。在养分特征上,AM真菌显著提高了猴樟幼苗各器官P含量,降低了N、K含量;增大了N、P、K的累积;提高了N、K利用效率,降低了P素利用效率。主成分分析结果由优到劣排序为Fm、Ri、Ri-Fm和CK。【结论】根内根孢囊霉、摩西斗管囊霉单接和双接都能不同程度促进猴樟幼苗生长及氮磷钾累积,提高氮、钾利用效率。单接摩西斗管囊霉促进效应最大,可考虑运用于产业化育苗中。

千里岩湿沉降中的营养盐特征、来源及生态效应研究

本研究基于2020年3月—2021年2月黄海千里岩岛雨水中营养盐(NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)、NO_(2)^(-)、PO_(4)^(3-)、SiO_(3)^(2-)、DON、DOP)浓度,利用后向轨迹聚类分析和浓度权重轨迹分析法(CWT)解析气团主要传输路径和营养盐潜在源区,并讨论湿沉降对黄海生态系统的影响。结果表明,NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)和DON是雨水营养盐的主要组成,平均浓度分别为(48.2±118.8)、(30.8±97.2)和(22.1±147.7)μmol/L。NO_(2)^(-)、PO_(4)^(3-)、DOP和SiO_(3)^(2-)的浓度较低,平均仅为(0.24±0.40)、(0.87±5.5)、(0.12±0.17)和(0.13±0.23)μmol/L。影响雨水的气团来自南方陆海混合源(41%)、北方陆源(41%)、东南海源(10%)和西北陆源(8%),陆源气团影响的雨水中营养盐浓度普遍高于混合源和海源。不同营养盐组分潜在源区的分布特征不同。NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)和PO_(4)^(3-)的潜在源区集中在山东,DON的潜在源区分布在河北、山东、河南、安徽和俄罗斯的贝加尔湖附近,DOP的潜在源区在长江入海口附近的上海和浙江沿岸地区,SiO_(3)^(2-)的潜在源区分别位于山东河北交界处、安徽江苏交界处、安徽江西交界处和黄海部分海域。总体而言,对营养盐高贡献的潜在源区位于周边陆地地区,海源较少。黄海大气TDN的全年湿沉降通量为103.0 mmol·m^(-2)·a^(-1),对新生产力的贡献可达29.9%。

利用体外胃蛋白酶-胰酶-盲肠液法评价驴不同粗饲料组合的营养物质降解率与组合效应

本试验利用体外三步法(胃蛋白酶-胰酶-盲肠液法),比较研究不同粗饲料组合的营养物质体外胃-小肠-盲肠降解率(GICD)与胃-小肠的体外降解贡献率;并以经胃与小肠降解后的残渣为底物研究其盲肠体外发酵参数,探究主要粗饲料的组合效应,为驴生产中粗饲料资源的科学搭配和利用效率的提高提供依据。试验选择成年健康德州驴作为盲肠液供体进行体外培养,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,分为4组,每组6个重复。将谷草与玉米秸秆的混合草(谷草∶玉米秸秆=6∶4)作为对照组(CON组),其余3组分别利用苜蓿草、全株玉米青贮和羊草等比例替代CON组中20%的谷草和玉米秸秆混合草,依次为Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组。结果表明:与CON组相比,Ⅱ组干物质(DM)和有机物(OM)的GICD与消化能(DE)及Ⅰ组粗蛋白质(CP)的GICD显著升高(P<0.05);Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组中性洗涤纤维的GICD及Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组酸性洗涤纤维的GICD显著升高(P<0.05),各组间半纤维素的GICD差异不显著(P>0.05)。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组的DM和OM在胃-小肠(盲肠前)的体外降解贡献率及Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的CP体外降解贡献率显著高于CON组(P<0.05)。体外盲肠发酵结果表明,各组间pH与氨态氮浓度的差异均不显著(P>0.05),CON组的菌体蛋白(P=0.091)与总挥发性脂肪酸浓度(P=0.075)有低于其他组的趋势。在3、24和48 h,CON组的产气量均有低于其他3组的趋势(P=0.061,P=0.096,P=0.080);在其余时间点,各组间产气量差异均不显著(P>0.05)。多项组合效应值(MFAEI)从高到低依次为Ⅱ组、Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组和CON组。综上可知,将苜蓿草、全株玉米青贮和羊草分别替代20%的谷草和玉米秸秆混合草,均产生正组合效应,提高了营养物质降解率和盲肠发酵功能,尤以苜蓿草和全株玉米青贮替代组的组合效应较好。