Performance Assessment and Configuration Analysis in the Study of SCADA System (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition)

Queuing models are used to assess the functionality and aesthetics of SCADA systems for supervisory control and data collection.Here,the main emphasis is on how the queuing theory can be used in the system’s design and analysis.The analysis’s findings indicate that by using queuing models,cost-performance ratios close to the ideal might be attained.This article discusses a novel methodology for evaluating the service-oriented survivability of SCADA systems.In order to evaluate the state of service performance and the system’s overall resilience,the framework applies queuing theory to an analytical model.As a result,the SCADA process is translated using the M^(X)/G/1 queuing model,and the queueing theory is used to evaluate this design’s strategy.The supplemental variable technique solves the queuing problem that comes with the subsequent results.The queue size,server idle time,utilization,and probabilistic generating factors of the distinct operating strategies are estimated.Notable examples were examined via numerical analysis using mathematical software.Because it is used frequently and uses a statistical demarcation method,this tactic is completely acceptable.The graphical representation of this perspective offers a thorough analysis of the alleged limits.

Design and Realization of Mineral Feeding SCADA System

The grinding process in concentration plants of the metallurgical industry is of great importantce.. A mineral feed- ing SCADA system in the grinding process was designed with the idea of integrating management and control functions. A detailed design and realization method of control and supervisory control levels in the system was introduced. At the control level, with an algorithm of a separate integrated PID, four mineral feeding machines are run in turn. The supervisory control level can generate process flow graphs, statistical report forms, historical trends and at the same time, it has the functions of alarm, system administration, user login, etc. After the mineral SCADA system has been started, the mineral feeding is very stable, the workstation completely supervises and controls the entire process of mineral feeding, and at the same time histori- cal data is shown and questions can be answered conveniently. The system runs well in the MeiShan Concentration Plant of the Shanghai Bao Shan Steel Group.

Design and Analysis of Com munication Network for Distributed SCADA System

This paper presents the design of hierarchical communication network for traction power supply supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Some key points, such as data transmission synchronization, database distribution, data transformation, and the network communication optimization at the supervisory level of the communication network are discussed. At the control level, based on the specificity of communication lines for electrified railway, a structure of two layer ring telecommunication network and the efficient bi directional polling scheme in software design are utilized. Then, an analysis for the scheme under normal and disturbance conditions is given. By means of the scheme, software switching over at a fault point of a channel is realized automatically.

Experimental Study on Cloud-Computing-Based Electric Power SCADA System

With the development of smart grid, the electric power supervisory control and data acquisition （SCADA） system is limited by the traditional IT infrastructure, leading to low resource utilization and poor scalability. Information islands are formed due to poor system interoperability. The development of innovative applications is limited, and the launching period of new businesses is long. Management costs and risks increase, and equipment utilization declines. To address these issues, a professional private cloud solution is introduced to integrate the electric power SCADA system, and conduct experimental study of its applicability, reliability, security, and real time. The experimental results show that the professional private cloud solution is technical and commercial feasible, meeting the requirements of the electric power SCADA system.

Microgrid Optimum Identification Location Based on Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization Techniques Using SCADA System

The microgrid has become significant and commonly used;it has localized electricity sources and loads connected to a centralized electrical power network system when the need arises and disconnects to island mode. A microgrid can effectively be integrated with various distribution generators, which can improve the voltage level on the transmission line by reducing the real power losses. In this work, new technologies will permit power grids to be better prepared for future requirements. The numbers and diversity of such decentralized power plants require a new type of management in the operation of power grids and intelligent networks or “smart grid.” A SCADA system will improve coordination between power demand and generation and use of modern information technology such as the internet, sensors, controllers, and wireless transmission equipment and use smart metering. The Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization technique will be used to select the optimum location of a wind turbine to install in the power grid considering minimum power losses with optimal operation consideration of the number of iterations, the execution time of the program, and the memory capacity. The analysis and the study are carried out in MATLAB and the SCADA system.

Simple, Flexible, and Interoperable SCADA System Based on Agent Technology

SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) is concerned with gathering process information from industrial control processes found in utilities such as power grids, water networks, transportation, manufacturing, etc., to provide the human operators with the required real-time access to industrial processes to be monitored and controlled either locally (on-site)or remotely (i.e., through Internet). Conventional solutions such as custom SCADA packages, custom communication protocols, and centralized architectures are no longer appropriate for engineering this type of systems because of their highly distribution and their uncertain continuously changing working environments. Multi-agent systems (MAS) appeared as a new architectural style for engineering complex and highly dynamic applications such as SCADA systems. In this paper, we propose an approach for simply developing flexible and interoperable SCADA systems based on the integration of MAS and OPC process protocol. The proposed SCADA system has the following advantages: 1) simple (easier to be implemented);2) flexible (able to adapt to its environment dynamic changes);and 3) interoperable (relative to the underlying control systems, which belongs to diverse of vendors). The applicability of the proposed approach is demonstrated by a real case study example carried out in a paper mill.

A Security Architecture for SCADA Systems

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are attractive targets for attackers, as they offer an avenue to attack critical infrastructure (CI) systems controlled by SCADA systems. Ultimately, an attack on any system exploits some undesired (malicious or accidental) functionality in the components of the system. Unfortunately, it is far from practical to eliminate undesired functionality in every component of a system. The contribution of this paper is a novel architecture for securing SCADA systems that guarantee that “any malicious modification of the deployment configuration or the design configuration of the SCADA system will be detected”—even if undesired functionality may exist in SCADA system components.

高含硫气田集输SCADA安全评估方法

油气能源基础设施安全越来越受到组织化攻击威胁,因此,对能源基础设施尤其是对高含硫气田集输SCADA系统安全状态识别就显得尤为必要。为了揭示高含硫气田集输SCADA系统安全评估中随机性和不完全性对安全状态评估结果的影响,提出了基于云模型改进白化权函数的灰云安全评估方法。首先,对评估结果进行等级划分,设计了组合权重优化模型;然后,按照专家评分细则确定出样本矩阵,利用云模型改进白化权函数,形成灰色评估权矩阵;最后,结合优化后的权重通过逐级评估得到系统最终的风险值并确定系统风险评估状态。以3个实际应用场景为例,验证了方法的有效性。研究结果表明,与层次分析法、变异系数法、线性加权和乘法加权法比较,组合优化赋权方法的离散度为0.456,线性加权和乘法加权的离散度为0.514和0.860,层次分析法和变异系数法的离散度为1.294和1.225,提出的组合优化赋权模型的离散度最小,表明此方法比其他方法更有效;将SCADA安全评估中风险指标信息不完全性与专家知识的不完全性和随机性结合起来,不仅能定性评估和预测整体SCADA系统的安全状态,而且实现二级指标风险量化;该模型能揭示各风险指标的脆弱程度,为下一步安全加固提供方向。本研究不仅有利于识别高含硫气田SCADA系统安全状态,而且为其他行业安全评估提供了参考。

基于移动通信网络的多终端类型SCADA系统

广泛应用于工业领域的SCADA系统具有多种实现方式。介绍了一种基于移动通信网络,适用于多种终端类型的SCADA系统。主站由云服务器、数据库和SCADA软件构成。终端站由现场数据源和数据传输单元构成。现场数据源包括可编程逻辑控制器、数据采集器和组态软件等多种类型,采用标准通信协议通过数据传输单元接入互联网并与主站建立通信,实现主站对终端站的数据采集。系统具有高可靠、低成本和易扩展的特点,对SCADA系统建设的方案选择和技术实现具有参考价值。

基于SCADA系统预警报警系统研究应用

提出采用人工智能方法,开展基于SCADA系统预警报警开展预警报警模块深度研究应用,建立适用于长庆油田采油厂的各类复杂、通用类预警报警模型,并进行编码开发和嵌入式应用。相较传统SCADA系统具备有效降低误报率、提高报警可用性、开展多设备联动等功能,通过结合智能化预警报警功能的应用,加强预警报警数据的统一规范管理、数据复用、预警流程管理,并通过应用报警系统开展生产优化与精细化管理,真正将智能化应用落实到岗位。

基于SCADA系统和神经网络的海上风电场故障预警方法研究

针对海上风电场的快速发展,风电场故障预警得到了广泛的关注,精准、及时的对海上风电场的风电机组运行进行监测,实现故障精确预警是目前研究的热点问题。本研究将SCADA系统和GA-BP神经网络相结合建立了发电机绕组温度预测模型,并耦合灰色关联度分析法来筛选神经网络模型的输入层数据,确定模型的敏感性指标,基于统计学原理结合风电场评价指标和滑动窗口,计算海上风电场运行预警阈值,根据预警阈值与机组的评价指标确定风电场机组的运行状态,提出一种海上风电场故障预警方法,研究结果表明该模型能有效实现海上风电场故障预警,为海上风电场故障预警方法提供理论依据和技术支撑。

基于SCADA数据协同的风力机故障检测与控制

为了在不停机的前提下,安全可靠地对齿轮箱进行故障检测,并实现风力发电机在齿轮箱故障工况下的容错控制运行,提出一种基于标准数据采集与监视控制(SCADA)数据协同的风力机故障检测与控制方案。介绍了风力发电机的系统模型与SCADA解决方案框架,通过回归建模、异常分析和集成学习对风力发电机系统进行故障检测并获得健康指标;借助模糊逻辑控制对风力发电机的输出功率进行降额控制,从而实现风力发电机在齿轮箱故障工况下的容错控制运行,最后进行仿真实验,并将仿真结果与一个实际运行的2 MW风力发电机系统进行对比。实验结果表明:该故障检测与容错控制方案可以有效地对齿轮箱进行故障检测,并在存在故障时适当对风力发电机的输出功率进行降额控制,从而降低叶片和塔架承受的应力,并有效降低了齿轮箱轴承和润滑油的温度。

长输管道SCADA系统技术及标准现状分析

我国管道SCADA系统软硬件、光纤通信和仿真优化技术进展显著,但管道SCADA标准还未形成系统、完整的标准体系,不能适应高等级管道运行维护和无人值守站场的发展趋势。调研我国长输管道SCADA系统在自动化控制、通信、硬件设备和报警等技术现状,开展国内外管道SCADA系统标准现状及对比分析。分别从国际标准采标、安全完整性评级、标准跟踪分析、配套标准制定和重点研究方向,提出了管道SCADA系统标准体系改进建议,对于提高我国管道安全管理水平具有重要意义。

基于机器学习的电力调度主站SCADA系统告警信号自动识别

为解决现有在线评估方法识别结果不准确的问题,提出基于机器学习的电力调度主站SCADA系统告警信号自动识别。先构建神经网络结构,采用反向传播方式训练神经网络,利用计算差值更新权值和偏置,由此完成攻击行为判断。将灰度图像二值化处理后,使用基于长方形的轮廓链代码滤除噪声。增强文本和背景的对比度,并设计告警界面文字分割及处理流程,使文本区域更加明显。采用告警窗口自动点对点接收方法,识别每一行警报窗口中的文本信息,完成告警信号识别。由实验结果可知,该方法最高查全率为96%,最高查准率为99.2%,可实现精准识别。

SCADA系统频繁报警问题的分析及对策

随着信息技术的不断发展和进步,石油行业的管理模式也发生了革命性的改变,SCADA系统的建立和应用,实现了数字化管理的换代升级,革新了生产组织方式。针对SCADA系统中的报警功能在某页岩气田出现的频繁报警、误报警较多的问题,进行了原因分析,从参数设置、设备故障、报警管理等方面提出了优化方案,对提高报警数据的准确性和重要性,进一步实现SCADA系统报警管理优化提供理论及应用参考。

Real Time Control System for Metro Railways Using PLC & SCADA

This paper proposes to adopt SCADA and PLC technology for the improvement of the performance of real time signaling&train control systems in metro railways.The main concern of this paper is to minimize the failure in automated metro railways system operator and integrate the information coming from Operational Control Centre(OCC),traction SCADA system,traction power control,and power supply system.This work presents a simulated prototype of an automated metro train system operator that uses PLC and SCADA for the real time monitoring and control of the metro railway systems.Here,SCADA is used for the visualization of an automated process operation and then the whole opera-tion is regulated with the help of PLC.The PLC used in this process is OMRON(NX1P2-9024DT1)and OMRON’s Sysmac studio programming software is used for developing the ladder logic of PLC.The metro railways system has deployed infrastructure based on SCADA from the power supply system,and each station’s traction power control is connected to the OCC remotely which commands all of the stations and has the highest command priority.An alarm is triggered in the event of an emergency or system congestion.This proposed system overcomes the drawbacks of the current centralized automatic train control(CATC)system.This system provides prominent benefits like augmenting services which may enhance a network’s full load capacity and networkflexibility,which help in easy modification in the existing program at any time.

基于SCADA系统和信号处理的风力发电机主轴承故障分析与诊断

基于SCADA在线监测系统,通过该系统获取到主轴承实时振动数据,用小波包、集合经验模态分解模型进行信号处理和提取故障特征,分析其时域图的冲击信号、频谱图故障特征频率、包络谱故障频率幅值和谐波信号倍数情况,可以判断出主轴承故障位置以及受损情况,实现主轴承故障预警,为风力发电场现场运维人员高效维修提供帮助,降低运维成本。

基于SCADA-DCS通讯技术的油气开采数据自动化采集与控制系统

设计基于SCADA-DCS通讯技术的油气开采数据自动化采集与控制系统。系统以SCADA服务器为上层监控服务器,通过与井站现场仪器仪表实时通信,监控整个开采过程。当油气缓冲罐液位越限时,SCADA服务器自动下达指令至原油处理站DCS,启动基于智能PID的油泵控制器,调节油泵变频器,控制油气液位不溢出。系统使用SCADA-DCS通讯技术的MODBUS通信协议,并根据通信中断优先级分配方法,确保对中断处理时间要求高的通信请求能实时响应。实验结果表明,该系统能提升油气液位控制和紧急信息通讯效率。

基于SCADA系统的多算法融合报警技术研究

针对目前大监控模式下SCADA系统在油田应用过程中存在报警基数大、无效报警多、智能化程度低等突出性问题,采用了一种多算法融合的报警技术。首先,分析数据间内在关联关系,重新划分报警等级;其次,采用统计学模型,通过正态分布确定合理的报警阈值;最后,运用死区报警、延时报警、复合联动报警与死值报警相结合,形成融合报警技术。研究结果表明:该技术在油田现场应用效果明显,相比于原有单纯依靠故障报警阈值的触发机制,报警数量降幅可达90%以上,处置工作的效率提升95%以上,能有效提升油田开发、生产运行、安全环保等重点业务的监控效率,为大监控管理模式落地提供技术支撑保障。

基于SCADA的航空发动机HMU自动化试验系统设计与应用

航空发动机HMU是发动机燃油控制系统中的一个关键单元,主要作用是根据发动机电子控制器的输入要求对燃油增压、计量以及伺服作动,为发动机提供燃油,确保发动机发挥其最佳性能,为保证其产品在生产过程中更高效率、更高精度的试验及交付过程,需要进行智能化试验系统交付平台的设计,从而消除因人工主观因素对产品的影响,针对整个系统进行网络部署和技术架构进行研究,分别采用硬件和软件两方面进行升级配置,基于LabVIEW软件进行算法程序编辑,并创新性地将程序与SCADA系统进行通讯连接,实现自动化试验的功能,同时采用二分法自动找点的方式进行自动交付报告的生成,经实际产品应用已验证其系统设计的科学可行性,满足集中控制自动化试验及交付的目标,具有非常重大的工程意义。