[Objective] The satisfaction degree of agricultural water demand was analyzed to provide climate basis for the agricultural structure adjustment and good harvest.[Method] By using integral humidity index and climatic ...[Objective] The satisfaction degree of agricultural water demand was analyzed to provide climate basis for the agricultural structure adjustment and good harvest.[Method] By using integral humidity index and climatic tendency rate,the satisfaction degree of water demand of crops and its trend variation were studied.[Result] The precipitation in the growing season of crops showed decrease trend in western Liaoning,and the climatic tendency rate was-8.660--18.560 mm/10 a,with the precipitation decrease of 43-93 mm in recent 50 years.The satisfaction degree of agricultural water demand was up to 72%-88% in average,and over 80% satisfaction degree accounted for 30%-60%,while water shortage probability reached 68%-90%.The satisfaction degree of Chaoyang,Lingyuan and Beipiao was the lowest,while that of Jianchang and Jiangping was relative higher.The satisfaction degree of gross agriculture water demand went down with the time,and climate tendency rate was up to-2.490%--3.863%/10 a,with the decrease of 12%-19% in recent 50 years.[Conclusion] With the reduction of precipitation,the satisfaction degree of water demand of crops went down,and the climate in western Liaoning became more and more dry.展开更多
A cognitive radio(CR) network with energy harvesting(EH) is considered to improve both spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. A hidden Markov model(HMM) is used to characterize the imperfect spectrum sensing...A cognitive radio(CR) network with energy harvesting(EH) is considered to improve both spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. A hidden Markov model(HMM) is used to characterize the imperfect spectrum sensing process. In order to maximize the whole satisfaction degree(WSD) of the cognitive radio network, a tradeoff between the average throughput of the secondary user(SU) and the interference to the primary user(PU) is analyzed. We formulate the satisfaction degree optimization problem as a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) problem. The satisfaction degree optimization problem is solved by using differential evolution(DE) algorithm. The proposed optimization problem allows the network to adaptively achieve the optimal solution based on its required quality of service(Qos). Numerical results are given to verify our analysis.展开更多
This paper presents a novel evaluation model of the customer satisfaction degree (CSD) in logistics based on support vector machine (SVM). Firstly, the relation between the suppliers and the customers is analyzed....This paper presents a novel evaluation model of the customer satisfaction degree (CSD) in logistics based on support vector machine (SVM). Firstly, the relation between the suppliers and the customers is analyzed. Seondly, the evaluation index system and fuzzy quantitative methods are provided. Thirdly, the CSD evaluation system including eight indexes and three ranks based on one-against-one mode of SVM is built, last simulation experint is presented to illustrate the theoretical results.展开更多
Greenway construction is one of the important measures for Chengdu to build a “beautiful and livable park city”, and is also a framework system for building a park city. According to the construction demand of the p...Greenway construction is one of the important measures for Chengdu to build a “beautiful and livable park city”, and is also a framework system for building a park city. According to the construction demand of the park city, a Tianfu greenway system with the theme of “one axis, two mountains, three rings and seven belts” will be formed throughout Chengdu. Jinjiang 198 Greenway is the first large-scale greenway in the main urban area of Chengdu. In view of the use of Jinjiang 198 Greenway in Chengdu, its use characteristics and user satisfaction degree are studied. The general situation of people's use of greenway is obtained from the characteristics of users themselves and its use conditions. According to the statistics of user satisfaction degree through field survey and questionnaire survey, it is known that the overall satisfaction degree of users on the greenway is good. Through factor analysis, the main factors affecting user satisfaction degree are obtained, which are in turn supporting facilities, service facilities, activity sites,green environment and accessibility. Finally, based on the above analysis and summary, suggestions and opinions are put forward for the future construction and development of Tianfu greenway system.展开更多
Background:To study the application of management tools such as Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle and fishbone diagram in optimizing surgical procedures to improve the satisfaction of doctor-nurse-patient.Methods:The fu...Background:To study the application of management tools such as Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle and fishbone diagram in optimizing surgical procedures to improve the satisfaction of doctor-nurse-patient.Methods:The fundus surgery nursing team of our hospital began to implement the PDCA cycle management mode to optimize the surgical procedure from July 2017,set up a project activity improvement team,unified the surgical labeling processing plan,and made the fundus surgery procedure,and established the preoperative health education for surgical patients,and standardized the training content of post-rotating doctors and interns.Results:The satisfaction degree to surgical procedure after implementation of doctors and nurses was higher than that before implementation.Conclusions:Using PDCA cycle and fishbone diagram analysis tools to manage the surgical procedure optimization can better integrate doctor-nurse medical care,improve the efficiency and accuracy of the surgical procedure delivery and operation,and optimize the satisfaction of the three parties of doctor-nurse-patient.展开更多
This paper compares the satisfaction of users of residential buildings produced by two construction processes considered as industrialized:“prefabricated masonry panels”and“reinforced concrete walls molded on site...This paper compares the satisfaction of users of residential buildings produced by two construction processes considered as industrialized:“prefabricated masonry panels”and“reinforced concrete walls molded on site”and compared with“conventional process”(structural masonry of concrete blocks).The premise of the study was to diagnose the level of acceptance of the buildings considered industrialized by the Brazilian population,aiming to assess whether the preference for the systems considered“conventional”and the rejection of the“industrialized”is decreasing in Brazil.This article concerns the results obtained in the second phase of the research,which was carried out after five years of the first phase.So,if the buildings were considered new in the first phase,this second research was carried out after the depreciation due to the action of time.To quantify the“degree of satisfaction”the same checklist of the first survey was applied,in the same neighborhood and the sum attributed to each answer made by residents was applied and,as a result,it was possible to ascertain the oscillations in it and to confirm the satisfactory acceptance of industrialized construction systems and a tendency to reduce rejection by the population in relation to the innovative construction systems.展开更多
In order to construct objective relatively mapping relationship model between customer requirements and product technical characteristics, a novel approach based on customer satisfactions information digging from case...In order to construct objective relatively mapping relationship model between customer requirements and product technical characteristics, a novel approach based on customer satisfactions information digging from case products and satisfaction information of expert technical characteristics was put forward in this paper. Technical characteristics evaluation values were expressed by rough number, and technical characteristics target sequence was determined on the basis of efficiency, cost type and middle type in this method. Use each calculated satisfactions of customers and technical characteristics as input and output elements to construct BP network model. And we use MATLAB software to simulate this BP network model based on the case of electric bicycles.展开更多
From the perspective of information resource sharing, the authors investigated the ratio and degree of users' satisfaction with resource sharing among college libraries, public libraries and research libraries in ...From the perspective of information resource sharing, the authors investigated the ratio and degree of users' satisfaction with resource sharing among college libraries, public libraries and research libraries in Nanjing city. Based on the analysis and discussion about the findings, the authors summarized the library resource sharing system in satisfying users' information requirements, including its pros and cons. At last, further considerations have been provided on how to improve library resource sharing system in the region.展开更多
The principal-subordinate hierarchical multi-objective programming model of initial water rights allocation was developed based on the principle of coordinated and sustainable development of different regions and wate...The principal-subordinate hierarchical multi-objective programming model of initial water rights allocation was developed based on the principle of coordinated and sustainable development of different regions and water sectors within a basin. With the precondition of strictly controlling maximum emissions rights, initial water rights were allocated between the first and the second levels of the hierarchy in order to promote fair and coordinated development across different regions of the basin and coordinated and efficient water use across different water sectors, realize the maximum comprehensive benefits to the basin, promote the unity of quantity and quality of initial water rights allocation, and eliminate water conflict across different regions and water sectors. According to interactive decision-making theory, a principal-subordinate hierarchical interactive iterative algorithm based on the satisfaction degree was developed and used to solve the initial water rights allocation model. A case study verified the validity of the model.展开更多
Context-aware plays a pivotal role in the wisdom network of information processing. Due to the limited resources, context conflict is inevitable in context-aware. User satisfaction is a good reflection for the wisdom ...Context-aware plays a pivotal role in the wisdom network of information processing. Due to the limited resources, context conflict is inevitable in context-aware. User satisfaction is a good reflection for the wisdom degree of the network. In this paper, considering the user satisfaction, we propose a novel context-aware conflict solution model based on set pair Analysis (SPA). The model obtains the best server mode by the maximum satisfaction connection degree to solve the conflict in context-aware. The simulation analysis shows that the proposed method is effective and can solve many users competition for the same scene of conflict.展开更多
Objective:To explore and analyze the effect of high-quality nursing on patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.Methods:Ninety patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome treated i...Objective:To explore and analyze the effect of high-quality nursing on patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.Methods:Ninety patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome treated in Huyi District People’s Hospital from October 2021 to January 2022 were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 45 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing and the experimental group received high-quality nursing.The effect of routine nursing and high-quality nursing were compared and analyzed based on the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),the degree of satisfaction with nursing care,and the patients’quality of life.Results:Before nursing,there was no significant difference in the patients’psychological state between the two groups(P>0.05);after nursing,there was significant difference in the patients’psychological state between the two groups(P<0.05);the degree of satisfaction with nursing care of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);comparing the quality of life of the two groups,the quality-of-life score of the control group was significantly lower than that of the experimental group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,high-quality nursing can significantly and effectively improve their psychological state,level of satisfaction with nursing care,and quality of life.展开更多
The two-sided matching has been widely applied to the decision-making problems in the field of management.With the limited working experience,the two-sided agents usually cannot provide the preference order directly f...The two-sided matching has been widely applied to the decision-making problems in the field of management.With the limited working experience,the two-sided agents usually cannot provide the preference order directly for the opposite agent,but rather to provide the preference relations in the form of linguistic information.The preference relations based on probabilistic linguistic term sets(PLTSs)not only allowagents to provide the evaluation with multiple linguistic terms,but also present the different preference degrees for linguistic terms.Considering the diversities of the agents,they may provide their preference relations in the form of the probabilistic linguistic preference relation(PLPR)or the probabilistic linguistic multiplicative preference relation(PLMPR).For two-sided matching with the expected time,we first provide the concept of the time satisfaction degree(TSD).Then,we transform the preference relations in different forms into the unified preference relations(u-PRs).The consistency index to measure the consistency of u-PRs is introduced.Besides,the acceptable consistent u-PRs are constructed,and an algorithm is proposed to modify the unacceptable consistent u-PRs.Furthermore,we present the whole two-sided matching decisionmaking process with the acceptable consistent u-PRs.Finally,a case about aviation technology suppliers and demanders matching is presented to exhibit the rationality and practicality of the proposed method.Some analyses and discussions are provided to further demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
With the development of next generation network (NGN), reasonable service quality evaluation is essential in network management. Based on NGN service characteristics, this article presents a comprehensive service qu...With the development of next generation network (NGN), reasonable service quality evaluation is essential in network management. Based on NGN service characteristics, this article presents a comprehensive service quality evaluation system from two perspectives: quantitative and qualitative. From the quantitative point of view, this article brings forward the normalized service level achievement function (NSLA function) at technical layer. Also, with mean opinion score (MOS) mode, it proposes customer satisfaction assessment methods at customer perception layer. From the qualitative perspective, a hierarchical model is established, which forms mapping relations from the upper customer perception to the lower service quality parameters, and then the influence of different service parameters on customer satisfaction degree can b'e denoted by the fuzzy analysis hierarchy process (FAHP) algorithm. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations together form a comprehensive solution which is universal, customer-oriented and flexible. Demonstrated by the representative voice service, the proposed system is proved reliable and applicable to service evaluation in NGN.展开更多
Totalemission controlis an effective pollution controlstrategy.However, Chinese application oftotal emission controllacks reasonable and fair methodsfor optimaltreatment cost allocation,a criticalissue in total emis...Totalemission controlis an effective pollution controlstrategy.However, Chinese application oftotal emission controllacks reasonable and fair methodsfor optimaltreatment cost allocation,a criticalissue in total emission control.This paper considersfour approachesto allocate treatmentcosts.Thefirstapproachisto setup a multiple objective planning model and to solve the model using the shortest distance ideal point method. The second approachisto define degree ofsatisfaction for cost allocation resultsfor each polluter and to establish a method based onthisconcept.Thethirdisto apply bargaining and arbitrationtheoryto develop a model.Thefourth isto establish a cooperative N person game model which can be solved usingthe Shapley value method,the core method,the Cost Gap Allocation method orthe Minimum Costs Remaining Savings method.These approaches are compared using a practicable case study.展开更多
Soft computing has attracted many research scientists,decision makers and practicing researchers in recent years as powerful computational intelligent techniques,for solving unlimited number of complex real-world prob...Soft computing has attracted many research scientists,decision makers and practicing researchers in recent years as powerful computational intelligent techniques,for solving unlimited number of complex real-world problems particularly related to research area of optimization.Under the uncertain and turbulence environment,classical and traditional approaches are unable to obtain a complete solution with satisfaction for the real-world problems on optimization.Therefore,new global optimization methods are required to handle these issues seriously.One such method is hybrid Genetic algorithms and Pattern search,a generic,flexible,robust,and versatile framework for solving complex problems of global optimization and search in real-world applications.展开更多
文摘[Objective] The satisfaction degree of agricultural water demand was analyzed to provide climate basis for the agricultural structure adjustment and good harvest.[Method] By using integral humidity index and climatic tendency rate,the satisfaction degree of water demand of crops and its trend variation were studied.[Result] The precipitation in the growing season of crops showed decrease trend in western Liaoning,and the climatic tendency rate was-8.660--18.560 mm/10 a,with the precipitation decrease of 43-93 mm in recent 50 years.The satisfaction degree of agricultural water demand was up to 72%-88% in average,and over 80% satisfaction degree accounted for 30%-60%,while water shortage probability reached 68%-90%.The satisfaction degree of Chaoyang,Lingyuan and Beipiao was the lowest,while that of Jianchang and Jiangping was relative higher.The satisfaction degree of gross agriculture water demand went down with the time,and climate tendency rate was up to-2.490%--3.863%/10 a,with the decrease of 12%-19% in recent 50 years.[Conclusion] With the reduction of precipitation,the satisfaction degree of water demand of crops went down,and the climate in western Liaoning became more and more dry.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61301179)the Doctorial Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.20110203110011)the 111 Project(Grant No.B08038)
文摘A cognitive radio(CR) network with energy harvesting(EH) is considered to improve both spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency. A hidden Markov model(HMM) is used to characterize the imperfect spectrum sensing process. In order to maximize the whole satisfaction degree(WSD) of the cognitive radio network, a tradeoff between the average throughput of the secondary user(SU) and the interference to the primary user(PU) is analyzed. We formulate the satisfaction degree optimization problem as a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) problem. The satisfaction degree optimization problem is solved by using differential evolution(DE) algorithm. The proposed optimization problem allows the network to adaptively achieve the optimal solution based on its required quality of service(Qos). Numerical results are given to verify our analysis.
文摘This paper presents a novel evaluation model of the customer satisfaction degree (CSD) in logistics based on support vector machine (SVM). Firstly, the relation between the suppliers and the customers is analyzed. Seondly, the evaluation index system and fuzzy quantitative methods are provided. Thirdly, the CSD evaluation system including eight indexes and three ranks based on one-against-one mode of SVM is built, last simulation experint is presented to illustrate the theoretical results.
文摘Greenway construction is one of the important measures for Chengdu to build a “beautiful and livable park city”, and is also a framework system for building a park city. According to the construction demand of the park city, a Tianfu greenway system with the theme of “one axis, two mountains, three rings and seven belts” will be formed throughout Chengdu. Jinjiang 198 Greenway is the first large-scale greenway in the main urban area of Chengdu. In view of the use of Jinjiang 198 Greenway in Chengdu, its use characteristics and user satisfaction degree are studied. The general situation of people's use of greenway is obtained from the characteristics of users themselves and its use conditions. According to the statistics of user satisfaction degree through field survey and questionnaire survey, it is known that the overall satisfaction degree of users on the greenway is good. Through factor analysis, the main factors affecting user satisfaction degree are obtained, which are in turn supporting facilities, service facilities, activity sites,green environment and accessibility. Finally, based on the above analysis and summary, suggestions and opinions are put forward for the future construction and development of Tianfu greenway system.
文摘Background:To study the application of management tools such as Plan-Do-Check-Action(PDCA)cycle and fishbone diagram in optimizing surgical procedures to improve the satisfaction of doctor-nurse-patient.Methods:The fundus surgery nursing team of our hospital began to implement the PDCA cycle management mode to optimize the surgical procedure from July 2017,set up a project activity improvement team,unified the surgical labeling processing plan,and made the fundus surgery procedure,and established the preoperative health education for surgical patients,and standardized the training content of post-rotating doctors and interns.Results:The satisfaction degree to surgical procedure after implementation of doctors and nurses was higher than that before implementation.Conclusions:Using PDCA cycle and fishbone diagram analysis tools to manage the surgical procedure optimization can better integrate doctor-nurse medical care,improve the efficiency and accuracy of the surgical procedure delivery and operation,and optimize the satisfaction of the three parties of doctor-nurse-patient.
文摘This paper compares the satisfaction of users of residential buildings produced by two construction processes considered as industrialized:“prefabricated masonry panels”and“reinforced concrete walls molded on site”and compared with“conventional process”(structural masonry of concrete blocks).The premise of the study was to diagnose the level of acceptance of the buildings considered industrialized by the Brazilian population,aiming to assess whether the preference for the systems considered“conventional”and the rejection of the“industrialized”is decreasing in Brazil.This article concerns the results obtained in the second phase of the research,which was carried out after five years of the first phase.So,if the buildings were considered new in the first phase,this second research was carried out after the depreciation due to the action of time.To quantify the“degree of satisfaction”the same checklist of the first survey was applied,in the same neighborhood and the sum attributed to each answer made by residents was applied and,as a result,it was possible to ascertain the oscillations in it and to confirm the satisfactory acceptance of industrialized construction systems and a tendency to reduce rejection by the population in relation to the innovative construction systems.
基金Supported by Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (SJ08E206)
文摘In order to construct objective relatively mapping relationship model between customer requirements and product technical characteristics, a novel approach based on customer satisfactions information digging from case products and satisfaction information of expert technical characteristics was put forward in this paper. Technical characteristics evaluation values were expressed by rough number, and technical characteristics target sequence was determined on the basis of efficiency, cost type and middle type in this method. Use each calculated satisfactions of customers and technical characteristics as input and output elements to construct BP network model. And we use MATLAB software to simulate this BP network model based on the case of electric bicycles.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.06BTQ017)
文摘From the perspective of information resource sharing, the authors investigated the ratio and degree of users' satisfaction with resource sharing among college libraries, public libraries and research libraries in Nanjing city. Based on the analysis and discussion about the findings, the authors summarized the library resource sharing system in satisfying users' information requirements, including its pros and cons. At last, further considerations have been provided on how to improve library resource sharing system in the region.
基金supported by the Public Welfare Industry Special Fund Project of the Ministry of Water Resources of China (Grant No. 200701028)the Humanities and Social Science Foundation Program of Hohai University (Grant No. 2008421411)
文摘The principal-subordinate hierarchical multi-objective programming model of initial water rights allocation was developed based on the principle of coordinated and sustainable development of different regions and water sectors within a basin. With the precondition of strictly controlling maximum emissions rights, initial water rights were allocated between the first and the second levels of the hierarchy in order to promote fair and coordinated development across different regions of the basin and coordinated and efficient water use across different water sectors, realize the maximum comprehensive benefits to the basin, promote the unity of quantity and quality of initial water rights allocation, and eliminate water conflict across different regions and water sectors. According to interactive decision-making theory, a principal-subordinate hierarchical interactive iterative algorithm based on the satisfaction degree was developed and used to solve the initial water rights allocation model. A case study verified the validity of the model.
文摘Context-aware plays a pivotal role in the wisdom network of information processing. Due to the limited resources, context conflict is inevitable in context-aware. User satisfaction is a good reflection for the wisdom degree of the network. In this paper, considering the user satisfaction, we propose a novel context-aware conflict solution model based on set pair Analysis (SPA). The model obtains the best server mode by the maximum satisfaction connection degree to solve the conflict in context-aware. The simulation analysis shows that the proposed method is effective and can solve many users competition for the same scene of conflict.
文摘Objective:To explore and analyze the effect of high-quality nursing on patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.Methods:Ninety patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome treated in Huyi District People’s Hospital from October 2021 to January 2022 were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 45 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing and the experimental group received high-quality nursing.The effect of routine nursing and high-quality nursing were compared and analyzed based on the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),the degree of satisfaction with nursing care,and the patients’quality of life.Results:Before nursing,there was no significant difference in the patients’psychological state between the two groups(P>0.05);after nursing,there was significant difference in the patients’psychological state between the two groups(P<0.05);the degree of satisfaction with nursing care of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);comparing the quality of life of the two groups,the quality-of-life score of the control group was significantly lower than that of the experimental group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,high-quality nursing can significantly and effectively improve their psychological state,level of satisfaction with nursing care,and quality of life.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71771155,71571123)the scholarship under the UK-China Joint Research and Innovation Partnership Fund Ph.D.Placement Programme(No.201806240416)the Teacher-Student Joint Innovation Research Fund of Business School of Sichuan University(No.H2018016).
文摘The two-sided matching has been widely applied to the decision-making problems in the field of management.With the limited working experience,the two-sided agents usually cannot provide the preference order directly for the opposite agent,but rather to provide the preference relations in the form of linguistic information.The preference relations based on probabilistic linguistic term sets(PLTSs)not only allowagents to provide the evaluation with multiple linguistic terms,but also present the different preference degrees for linguistic terms.Considering the diversities of the agents,they may provide their preference relations in the form of the probabilistic linguistic preference relation(PLPR)or the probabilistic linguistic multiplicative preference relation(PLMPR).For two-sided matching with the expected time,we first provide the concept of the time satisfaction degree(TSD).Then,we transform the preference relations in different forms into the unified preference relations(u-PRs).The consistency index to measure the consistency of u-PRs is introduced.Besides,the acceptable consistent u-PRs are constructed,and an algorithm is proposed to modify the unacceptable consistent u-PRs.Furthermore,we present the whole two-sided matching decisionmaking process with the acceptable consistent u-PRs.Finally,a case about aviation technology suppliers and demanders matching is presented to exhibit the rationality and practicality of the proposed method.Some analyses and discussions are provided to further demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (2007AA01Z204)BUPT-Ericsson Collaborated Project (Phase 3)+1 种基金Sino-Swedish Collaboration Research Program (2008DFA11950)Cooperation with China Mobile Group Guangzhou Co., Ltd. (KJXM07BC052)
文摘With the development of next generation network (NGN), reasonable service quality evaluation is essential in network management. Based on NGN service characteristics, this article presents a comprehensive service quality evaluation system from two perspectives: quantitative and qualitative. From the quantitative point of view, this article brings forward the normalized service level achievement function (NSLA function) at technical layer. Also, with mean opinion score (MOS) mode, it proposes customer satisfaction assessment methods at customer perception layer. From the qualitative perspective, a hierarchical model is established, which forms mapping relations from the upper customer perception to the lower service quality parameters, and then the influence of different service parameters on customer satisfaction degree can b'e denoted by the fuzzy analysis hierarchy process (FAHP) algorithm. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations together form a comprehensive solution which is universal, customer-oriented and flexible. Demonstrated by the representative voice service, the proposed system is proved reliable and applicable to service evaluation in NGN.
文摘Totalemission controlis an effective pollution controlstrategy.However, Chinese application oftotal emission controllacks reasonable and fair methodsfor optimaltreatment cost allocation,a criticalissue in total emission control.This paper considersfour approachesto allocate treatmentcosts.Thefirstapproachisto setup a multiple objective planning model and to solve the model using the shortest distance ideal point method. The second approachisto define degree ofsatisfaction for cost allocation resultsfor each polluter and to establish a method based onthisconcept.Thethirdisto apply bargaining and arbitrationtheoryto develop a model.Thefourth isto establish a cooperative N person game model which can be solved usingthe Shapley value method,the core method,the Cost Gap Allocation method orthe Minimum Costs Remaining Savings method.These approaches are compared using a practicable case study.
文摘Soft computing has attracted many research scientists,decision makers and practicing researchers in recent years as powerful computational intelligent techniques,for solving unlimited number of complex real-world problems particularly related to research area of optimization.Under the uncertain and turbulence environment,classical and traditional approaches are unable to obtain a complete solution with satisfaction for the real-world problems on optimization.Therefore,new global optimization methods are required to handle these issues seriously.One such method is hybrid Genetic algorithms and Pattern search,a generic,flexible,robust,and versatile framework for solving complex problems of global optimization and search in real-world applications.