The soil chemistry of gallium, indium, and thallium is not well defined, particularly with emerging evidence that these elements have toxic properties and may influence food safety. The purpose of this investigation w...The soil chemistry of gallium, indium, and thallium is not well defined, particularly with emerging evidence that these elements have toxic properties and may influence food safety. The purpose of this investigation was to estimate the soil concentrations of gallium, indium, and thallium and determine if these elements have a soil chemistry like aluminum and therefore demonstrate significant concentration correlations with aluminum. Twenty-seven soil series were selected, and the elemental concentrations were determined using aqua regia digestion with analytical determination performed using inductively coupled plasma emission-mass spectroscopy. The concentrations of gallium, indium, and thallium generally compared with the known literature. Aluminum-gallium and aluminum-thallium exhibited significant concentration correlations across the soil horizons of the sampled soils. Aluminum, gallium, and thallium did demonstrate concentration increases in soil horizons having illuviation of phyllosilicates, implying these phyllosilicates have adsorption and isomorphic substitution behaviors involving these elements.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to treat acidic wastewater containing thallium by enhanced coagulation oxidation process. [Method] Enhanced coagulation oxidation process was made use of to remove thallium in the acidic wastew...[Objective] The aim was to treat acidic wastewater containing thallium by enhanced coagulation oxidation process. [Method] Enhanced coagulation oxidation process was made use of to remove thallium in the acidic wastewater in the experiment under the condition of 0.05 kg/L of potassium permanganate, 30% hydrogen peroxide and 0.05 kg/L calcium hypochlorite as oxidant, together with 0.092 kg/L CaO as coagulation. [Result] The results showed that thallium removal efficiencies achieved 99.98%, 99.1% and 99.95% when dosages of KMnO4, H2O2and Ca（ClO）2were added at 20, 2.2 and 37 ml, respectively, under the condition of 30 ml 0.092kg/L CaO being dosed and 99.93%, 99.69% and 99.98% were achieved when different dosages of CaO were added at 25, 35 and 25 ml, under the condition of 20ml KMnO4, 2.2 ml H2O2and 37 ml Ca（ClO）2respectively. [Conclusion] The experiment demonstrates that good removal effects of removal thallium from the acidic wastewater would be achieved by enhanced coagulation oxidation process.展开更多
目的探讨尿液铊(TL)与非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的关系。方法选取2017—2020年美国健康与营养检查调查数据(NHANES)中年龄≥18岁的注册参与者,并排除缺乏肝脏瞬时弹性成像数据、尿液TL指标及患有乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、饮酒量显著的人群...目的探讨尿液铊(TL)与非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的关系。方法选取2017—2020年美国健康与营养检查调查数据(NHANES)中年龄≥18岁的注册参与者,并排除缺乏肝脏瞬时弹性成像数据、尿液TL指标及患有乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、饮酒量显著的人群。将纳入人群分为NAFLD组和Non-NAFLD组,采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离-串联质谱和在线固相萃取联合同位素稀释等方法定量检测尿液TL水平,比较两组人群年龄、性别、种族、婚姻状况、教育、家庭收入与贫困比比值(FMPIR)、体质量指数(BMI)、吸烟、喝酒、糖尿病(DM)、高血压(HTN)、高脂血症(HL)、尿液TL水平。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验或Wilicoxon秩和检验;计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。通过描述性分析、多因素Logistic回归、限制性三次样条回归分析、亚组分析、交互作用,探究尿液TL与NAFLD的风险关联。结果共纳入2511例,NAFLD组1612例(64.20%),Non-NAFLD组899例(35.80%),NAFLD组尿液TL水平明显高于Non-NAFLD组,差异具有统计学意义[0.18(0.11~0.26)μg/L vs 0.16(0.09~0.25)μg/L,Z=−2.76,P=0.01]。调整年龄、性别、种族、教育、婚姻状况、FMPIR、BMI、吸烟、喝酒、DM、HTN、HL协变量后,尿液TL Q4组[比值比(OR)=1.90,95%CI:1.48~2.44]患NAFLD风险显著增加(P<0.01)。尿液TL与患NAFLD的风险存在正向剂量-反应关系(P<0.01)且为非线性关系(P<0.01)。尿液TL与吸烟、BMI之间存在显著的交互作用(P<0.05),一生吸烟≥100支的人群尿液TL每上升一个四分位数患NAFLD的风险增加50%(OR=1.50,95%CI:1.24~1.80),一生吸烟<100支的人群尿液TL每上升一个四分位数患NAFLD的风险增加20%(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.03~1.40),BMI≥30 kg/m^(2)的人群尿液TL每上升一个四分位数患NAFLD的风险增加30%(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.05~1.70),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论尿液TL水平与患NAFLD的风险显著相关。展开更多
文摘The soil chemistry of gallium, indium, and thallium is not well defined, particularly with emerging evidence that these elements have toxic properties and may influence food safety. The purpose of this investigation was to estimate the soil concentrations of gallium, indium, and thallium and determine if these elements have a soil chemistry like aluminum and therefore demonstrate significant concentration correlations with aluminum. Twenty-seven soil series were selected, and the elemental concentrations were determined using aqua regia digestion with analytical determination performed using inductively coupled plasma emission-mass spectroscopy. The concentrations of gallium, indium, and thallium generally compared with the known literature. Aluminum-gallium and aluminum-thallium exhibited significant concentration correlations across the soil horizons of the sampled soils. Aluminum, gallium, and thallium did demonstrate concentration increases in soil horizons having illuviation of phyllosilicates, implying these phyllosilicates have adsorption and isomorphic substitution behaviors involving these elements.
基金National Natural Science Foundation(51208122)Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(2010B030900008)New Special Science and Technology Project of Pearl River and College Students’Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Project in Guangdong Province~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to treat acidic wastewater containing thallium by enhanced coagulation oxidation process. [Method] Enhanced coagulation oxidation process was made use of to remove thallium in the acidic wastewater in the experiment under the condition of 0.05 kg/L of potassium permanganate, 30% hydrogen peroxide and 0.05 kg/L calcium hypochlorite as oxidant, together with 0.092 kg/L CaO as coagulation. [Result] The results showed that thallium removal efficiencies achieved 99.98%, 99.1% and 99.95% when dosages of KMnO4, H2O2and Ca（ClO）2were added at 20, 2.2 and 37 ml, respectively, under the condition of 30 ml 0.092kg/L CaO being dosed and 99.93%, 99.69% and 99.98% were achieved when different dosages of CaO were added at 25, 35 and 25 ml, under the condition of 20ml KMnO4, 2.2 ml H2O2and 37 ml Ca（ClO）2respectively. [Conclusion] The experiment demonstrates that good removal effects of removal thallium from the acidic wastewater would be achieved by enhanced coagulation oxidation process.
文摘目的探讨尿液铊(TL)与非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)的关系。方法选取2017—2020年美国健康与营养检查调查数据(NHANES)中年龄≥18岁的注册参与者,并排除缺乏肝脏瞬时弹性成像数据、尿液TL指标及患有乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、饮酒量显著的人群。将纳入人群分为NAFLD组和Non-NAFLD组,采用高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离-串联质谱和在线固相萃取联合同位素稀释等方法定量检测尿液TL水平,比较两组人群年龄、性别、种族、婚姻状况、教育、家庭收入与贫困比比值(FMPIR)、体质量指数(BMI)、吸烟、喝酒、糖尿病(DM)、高血压(HTN)、高脂血症(HL)、尿液TL水平。计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验或Wilicoxon秩和检验;计数资料两组间比较采用χ2检验。通过描述性分析、多因素Logistic回归、限制性三次样条回归分析、亚组分析、交互作用,探究尿液TL与NAFLD的风险关联。结果共纳入2511例,NAFLD组1612例(64.20%),Non-NAFLD组899例(35.80%),NAFLD组尿液TL水平明显高于Non-NAFLD组,差异具有统计学意义[0.18(0.11~0.26)μg/L vs 0.16(0.09~0.25)μg/L,Z=−2.76,P=0.01]。调整年龄、性别、种族、教育、婚姻状况、FMPIR、BMI、吸烟、喝酒、DM、HTN、HL协变量后,尿液TL Q4组[比值比(OR)=1.90,95%CI:1.48~2.44]患NAFLD风险显著增加(P<0.01)。尿液TL与患NAFLD的风险存在正向剂量-反应关系(P<0.01)且为非线性关系(P<0.01)。尿液TL与吸烟、BMI之间存在显著的交互作用(P<0.05),一生吸烟≥100支的人群尿液TL每上升一个四分位数患NAFLD的风险增加50%(OR=1.50,95%CI:1.24~1.80),一生吸烟<100支的人群尿液TL每上升一个四分位数患NAFLD的风险增加20%(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.03~1.40),BMI≥30 kg/m^(2)的人群尿液TL每上升一个四分位数患NAFLD的风险增加30%(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.05~1.70),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论尿液TL水平与患NAFLD的风险显著相关。
