Background: Children are affected by disorders that have an impact on the respiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle function can be assessed by means of the noninvasive tension–time index of the inspiratory muscles(TTI...Background: Children are affected by disorders that have an impact on the respiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle function can be assessed by means of the noninvasive tension–time index of the inspiratory muscles(TTImus). Our objectives were to identify the determinants of TTImus in healthy children and to report normal values of TTImus in this population.Methods: We measured weight, height, upper arm muscle area(UAMA), and TTImusin 96 children aged 6–18 years. The level and frequency of aerobic activity was assessed by questionnaire.Results: TTImuswas significantly lower in male subjects(0.095 ± 0.038, mean ± SD) compared with female subjects(0.126 ± 0.056)(p = 0.002).TTImus was significantly lower in regularly exercising(0.093 ± 0.040) compared with nonexercising subjects(0.130 ± 0.053)(p < 0.001). TTImus was significantly negatively related to age(r =-0.239, p = 0.019), weight(r =-0.214, p = 0.037), height(r =-0.355, p < 0.001), and UAMA(r =-0.222, p = 0.030). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that height and aerobic exercise were significantly related to TTImus independently of age, weight, and UAMA. The predictive regression equation for TTImus in male subjects was TTImus = 0.228-0.001 × height(cm), and in female subjects it was TTImus = 0.320-0.001 × height(cm).Conclusion: Gender, age, anthropometry, skeletal muscularity, and aerobic exercise are significantly associated with indices of inspiratory muscle function in children. Normal values of TTImus in healthy children are reported.展开更多
Inspiratory-muscle fatigue （IMF） may occur after long-duration or continuous short-duration exercise and may limit exercise performance. Daily athletics training is often intermittent, but it is unclear if intermitt...Inspiratory-muscle fatigue （IMF） may occur after long-duration or continuous short-duration exercise and may limit exercise performance. Daily athletics training is often intermittent, but it is unclear if intermittent running induces IMF. We investigated IMF after a maximal anaerobic running test （MART） and maximal intermittent graded exercise test. Nine female middle-distance （400 or 800 m） runners performed MART and maximal intermittent graded exercise tests. Maximal inspiratory pressure （MIP） was measured before and after each test using a portable autospirometer. There was no significant difference in mean MIPs before （105 ± 24 cm H2O） and after （104 ± 28 cm H2O） the MART （P = 0.95, effect size [ES] as partial η2 = 0.01）. Mean M IP after the maximal intermittent graded exercise test （97 ± 26 cm H2O） was lower than before exercise （105 ± 27 cm H2O） （P = 0.01, 1]2 = 0.83） Mean IMF was higher for the maximal intermittent graded exercise test （8.5 ± 4.2 cm H2O） than for the MART （0.8 ± 4.1 cm H2O） （P = 0.01, ES as Cohen＇s d = 1.88）. IMF occurs after relatively long-duration intermittent running exercise. Coaches may consider recommending inspiratory-muscle training or warm-up to reduce IMF resulting from relatively long-duration intermittent running exercise.展开更多
目的:探讨肺康复在缺血性脑卒中患者早期康复中的疗效。方法:招募2016年1月—2017年1月符合病例选择标准的20例缺血性脑卒中患者,随机分为对照组(10例)和肺康复组(10例)。肺康复组在常规康复治疗基础上联合肺康复,对照组仅接受常规康复...目的:探讨肺康复在缺血性脑卒中患者早期康复中的疗效。方法:招募2016年1月—2017年1月符合病例选择标准的20例缺血性脑卒中患者,随机分为对照组(10例)和肺康复组(10例)。肺康复组在常规康复治疗基础上联合肺康复,对照组仅接受常规康复治疗,疗程均为4周。比较2组患者干预前后的生活质量、抑郁情绪、最大吸气压(maximum inspiratory pressure,PImax)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分和肌力引出率。结果:干预后,肺康复组的生理功能、生理疼痛、活力、社会功能和精神健康评分均显著高于对照组(P <0.05),但生理职能、总体健康和情感职能评分的差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。干预后,肺康复组的汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。干预后,肺康复组的PImax显著高于对照组(P <0.05),但NIHSS评分无显著差异(P>0.05)。肺康复组和对照组干预后的肌力引出率均显著高于干预前(P <0.05)。结论:肺康复可以改善缺血性脑卒中患者的生活质量、抑郁情绪和呼吸功能,对运动功能的改善也显示出积极的作用。展开更多
文摘Background: Children are affected by disorders that have an impact on the respiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle function can be assessed by means of the noninvasive tension–time index of the inspiratory muscles(TTImus). Our objectives were to identify the determinants of TTImus in healthy children and to report normal values of TTImus in this population.Methods: We measured weight, height, upper arm muscle area(UAMA), and TTImusin 96 children aged 6–18 years. The level and frequency of aerobic activity was assessed by questionnaire.Results: TTImuswas significantly lower in male subjects(0.095 ± 0.038, mean ± SD) compared with female subjects(0.126 ± 0.056)(p = 0.002).TTImus was significantly lower in regularly exercising(0.093 ± 0.040) compared with nonexercising subjects(0.130 ± 0.053)(p < 0.001). TTImus was significantly negatively related to age(r =-0.239, p = 0.019), weight(r =-0.214, p = 0.037), height(r =-0.355, p < 0.001), and UAMA(r =-0.222, p = 0.030). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that height and aerobic exercise were significantly related to TTImus independently of age, weight, and UAMA. The predictive regression equation for TTImus in male subjects was TTImus = 0.228-0.001 × height(cm), and in female subjects it was TTImus = 0.320-0.001 × height(cm).Conclusion: Gender, age, anthropometry, skeletal muscularity, and aerobic exercise are significantly associated with indices of inspiratory muscle function in children. Normal values of TTImus in healthy children are reported.
文摘Inspiratory-muscle fatigue （IMF） may occur after long-duration or continuous short-duration exercise and may limit exercise performance. Daily athletics training is often intermittent, but it is unclear if intermittent running induces IMF. We investigated IMF after a maximal anaerobic running test （MART） and maximal intermittent graded exercise test. Nine female middle-distance （400 or 800 m） runners performed MART and maximal intermittent graded exercise tests. Maximal inspiratory pressure （MIP） was measured before and after each test using a portable autospirometer. There was no significant difference in mean MIPs before （105 ± 24 cm H2O） and after （104 ± 28 cm H2O） the MART （P = 0.95, effect size [ES] as partial η2 = 0.01）. Mean M IP after the maximal intermittent graded exercise test （97 ± 26 cm H2O） was lower than before exercise （105 ± 27 cm H2O） （P = 0.01, 1]2 = 0.83） Mean IMF was higher for the maximal intermittent graded exercise test （8.5 ± 4.2 cm H2O） than for the MART （0.8 ± 4.1 cm H2O） （P = 0.01, ES as Cohen＇s d = 1.88）. IMF occurs after relatively long-duration intermittent running exercise. Coaches may consider recommending inspiratory-muscle training or warm-up to reduce IMF resulting from relatively long-duration intermittent running exercise.
文摘目的:探讨肺康复在缺血性脑卒中患者早期康复中的疗效。方法:招募2016年1月—2017年1月符合病例选择标准的20例缺血性脑卒中患者,随机分为对照组(10例)和肺康复组(10例)。肺康复组在常规康复治疗基础上联合肺康复,对照组仅接受常规康复治疗,疗程均为4周。比较2组患者干预前后的生活质量、抑郁情绪、最大吸气压(maximum inspiratory pressure,PImax)、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分和肌力引出率。结果:干预后,肺康复组的生理功能、生理疼痛、活力、社会功能和精神健康评分均显著高于对照组(P <0.05),但生理职能、总体健康和情感职能评分的差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。干预后,肺康复组的汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。干预后,肺康复组的PImax显著高于对照组(P <0.05),但NIHSS评分无显著差异(P>0.05)。肺康复组和对照组干预后的肌力引出率均显著高于干预前(P <0.05)。结论:肺康复可以改善缺血性脑卒中患者的生活质量、抑郁情绪和呼吸功能,对运动功能的改善也显示出积极的作用。
