Cognitive conflict between readers and the writer under frame theory： Reinterpretation of Toni Morrison＇s Recitatif

This paper reinterprets Toni Morrison＇s short story Recitatif, from the perspective of frame theory in cognitive linguistics. It proposes that readers should modify their default values by activating the old and upcoming new information pieces so as to re-match the intended cognitive framing of the writer. It finally concludes that the real theme of the novel is not the strengthening of race codes but the discoloring of the White and the Black.

A Dissolution of Borderlines in Toni Morrison＇s God Help the Child

The paper focuses on Toni Morrison＇s latest novel God Help the Child （2015）. By presenting a skillful though somewhat perverse merger of binary oppositions at different levels （racial, social, moral, and psychological）, the writer makes borderlines of all sorts appear artificial and therefore invalidates them. Thus, childhood merges with adulthood through sexual traumas that live on; touch with no touch as the evil touch of a parent equals an abhorrence of touching the child Other; truth with a lie as it proves as destructive as lying in good faith; passing blackness with blue blackness as the former conceives the latter; and appearances with reality in the ironic title of the book, where it is both the mother and the child that in fact need God＇s help. Thus, as Toni Morrison demonstrates, a thoroughly surreptitious, because natural, process of dissolution of all barriers makes them appear to be arbitrary constructs responsible for the equally arbitrary notion of the Other. Taking an utterly holistic view of the nature of things, Morrison seems to suggest that borderlines are a consequence and a manifestation of a lack of balance, which therefore needs to be redressed through love, mutual understanding, and maturation.

A Review of Toni Morrison’s Nobel Prize Speech

Beginning with an old story, Toni Morrison uses her unique method to tell us the functions of language and her perspectives of language and literature. From this story, we can understand her writing standpoint and her determination of making contributions to her nation and people. This paper tries to review her speech given in the Nobel Prize in Literature from four aspects. They are the introduction and comprehension of the story, narrative point of view, discourse and power and feminist criticism.

Re-examining the Past： Elements of Postmodern Memory in Toni Morrison＇s Love

Toni Morrison＇s fiction may arguably be characterized as postmodern discourse on memory, history and culture. In her novels, the Nobel laureate frequently returns to the past to search for answers to the questions she poses about African American realities in the contemporary United States. In doing so, Morrison often creates alternative histories or, more specifically, a usable past----one that allows her to engage in a literary （re-）construction of the Black historical and cultural material which traditional histories have chosen to ignore or disremember. Therefore, as a present-day writer of African American descent, Morrison attempts to reassemble all the fragmentary historical and cultural accounts available to her as a novelist and narrate them in the form of a convincing story. With regard to the above considerations, this article seeks to discuss some of the mechanisms employed by Morrison for weaving her postmodern, memory-filled narrative on the example of her eighth novel, Love （2003）. In particular, the analysis focuses on the book＇s central figure, Bill Cosey, and his Southern ocean-side resort--both seen against the backdrop of the pre- and post-World War II racist America, followed by the 1960s decade of the Civil Rights Movement. Finally, it is also demonstrated how the author＇s use of split narrative as well as the ＂I＂ narrator-cum-character technique contribute to recounting in retrospect Love＇s main, historicized story---one viewed and judged from a present-time perspective.

Toni Morrison:Strong Voice for African-Americans

Toni Morrison,the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993,has been hailed as one of the greatest American authors of the 20th century.Her works explore and portray blacks’destiny,history,and spiritual world,emphasizing on gender,race,and culture.Song of Solomon and Beloved,the two novels the thesis has selected to make analysis are crucial to her writing career.Toni Morrison’s great many literary works anatomize the survival and psychological pain of African Americans under the restrain and repression of mainstream culture,trying to find out a solution.

“Here Comes the New”:Individual and Collective Forgetting in Toni Morrison’s Jazz

This article examines the problem of individual and collective attempts at forgetting the traumatic past in Toni Morrison’s sixth novel Jazz(1992).More specifically,it emphasizes by selected examples psychological and social aspects of willful amnesia which can lend itself useful in helping traumatized(country)individuals to repress painful remembrances,heal mental wounds and build a new identity in a memory-free modern city.Analyzing Jazz’s narrative featuring Joe and Violet Trace,with a particular focus put on the expectations and experiences connected with their migration to and life in the City,the article explores via Paul Connerton’s ruminations on cultural forgetting in modern times-delineated in his book How Modernity Forgets(2009)-the mechanisms of intentional amnesia used in the process of recovering from personal and social traumas resulting from more recent(migration and urban life)and more time-distant(slavery and racism)ordeals.

Reading Toni Morrison’s Home From the Perspective of Medical Relationship Ethics

As the first black women Nobel laureate,Toni Morrison has drawn great attention with her fascinating and deep-thinking novels.Her 10th novel Home vividly shows the racial suffering and the post-war trauma of black veteran Frank,who has drawn critical attention from various perspectives.However,there is hardly any scholarly focus on another major character Cee,whose experience of medical and racial discrimination actually constitutes another important clue throughout the whole story.Therefore,this paper intends to analyze Home from the perspective of ethical relationship ethics,including doctor-patient relationship,doctor-society relationship,patient-society relationship,and patient-family relationship.The analysis indicates that Home not only reveals the history of medical racial discrimination and human experiment ethics problems under the rapid development of medical technology in the 1950s,but also inspire readers’thinking on the ethical problems and ethical dilemmas in the contemporary world.

Another Way of Thinking:Ethic Analysis of Toni Morrison's Beloved

When people create artistic works,the creating forms never separate with moral judgment. Therefore,it is significant to study literary works from perspective of ethics. The essay tries to discuss the ethic problems or ethic metamorphosis of the characters in Beloved and of the entire black people and American whites,and of the relative background of history and society. Morrison involves the problem of ethics in all her novels,and with them she expresses her expectation of the racial fusion and the spiritual cure,and her longing-for of building a much brighter world.

Trauma in Toni Morrison's Home

Morrison's latest novella Home(2012) reveals abundant grounds to discuss direct or indirect representations of characters' displacement and exile.The protagonist of the novella Frank Money encounters with diversified painful issues.This paper intends to ex-plore and interpret Frank's traumatic memories from three dimensions of homeless,the Korean War and racial discrimination.Frank'sfeeling of alienation is provoked by loveless childhood memories,the participation in the Korean War and his miserable losses there,aswell as the racism that he still experiences in America of the 1950 s.Frank's journey to rescue his sister Cee assists him to partially over-come those traumatic memories and acquire some kind of spiritual redemption in the end.

A Psychological Analysis on Frank's Personality Structure in Toni Morrison's Home

On May 8, 2012, African-American writer Toni Morrison who has been in her eighties had her tenth novel Homepub-lished. Morrisonarranged the setting of Home in the 1950 s in the United States after the Korean War and she also uncommonly setthe protagonist as a male, a veteran coming back from the Korean War.With the Freudian Psychoanalysis, the thesis aims to lucubrate the inner mind of the protagonist Frank, analyze his personalitystructure, and reveal his real mental status, the final purpose of which is to expose the white society's oppression and exploits exert-ed upon the black people, the anxious and depressed mental status of black community as well as their arduous and painstakingjourney to find a place where they could call"Home", and to reveal the living status of black people in a society dominated bywhite culture and then sharply denounces the mutilation of the racialism on the black people.

The African Culture In Toni Morrison's Novel

Toni Morrison has made an extraordinary achievement in the field of literature. Her works originated from the African culture, and at the same time, she also promotedit all over the world. She showed and explored the Black' s history,the Black' s fate and also the Black' s culture identity throughout her works. In the paper, it is discussed the African Culture in Toni Morrison's work in the following five aspects, they are the African religion, the African Philosophy and Value, the African folk tales, the African figures and the traditional African life styles individually.

Postcolonialism in Morrison' s Works——exemplified with The Bluest Eye

As the first African American woman winner of the Nobel Prize for literature,Toni Morrison is the most outstanding African-American woman author of the 20th century and the brightest star in contemporary African-American literary arena.Toni Morrison is a voluminous writer and she has published nine novels up to the present.Since 1980,her works have been getting more and more widespread attention from literary critics of the world since 1980s.The topic of postcolonialism has been the one of the focuses of Morrison' s novels.This paper is a literature review of Toni Morrison and postcolonialism in her works including the following points:a brief introduction to Morrison and her works,the research on Morrison,the post colonial theory and postcolonialism in Morrison' s works.

Magic Realism in Morrison＇s Paradise

＂We Are the Furrow of His Brow＂ is the graffiti altered from ＂Beware of the Furrow of His Brow＂ or ＂The Furrow of His Brow＂ on the hood of an oven in a separated black town Ruby. Young people of Ruby change the words because they feel regretted contriving to shoot an assumed guilty woman living in the nearby convent. However, whether the woman Consolata and the other four women at the convent are dead remains mysterious. There are some descriptions of magics in Paradise in which the most magical abilities are Connie＇s ＂bat vision＂ and ＂stepping in＂. This paper demonstrates the ways that Morrison manifests magic realism in Paradise including multiple narrative timelines, ambiguous writing, reconstituted marginal figures and naturally blended reality. Primarily in thefour ways Morrison presents how she utilizes magic realism genre to depict the changeable world penetrating through the appearance.

Morrison's Exploration of Love in Beloved

Toni Morrison's masterpiece Beloved is the first of a trilogy aimed at reconstructing African American history of more than 300 years. This essay explores Morrison's emphasis on love, focusing primarily on the personal relationships between Sethe, Beloved, Paul D and Denver. The various forms of love are vividly depicted in a thought-provoking way which weaving through the entire book.

Soul Nourishment or Soul Poison:The Role of Food in Morrison’s Be⁃loved and Paradise

Toni Morrison is one of the most important writers in American history,and her prose and stories offer compelling commentaries on the intertwined experiences of race and womanhood.Morrison combines a striking narrative style with poetic language and magical realism to create novels which offer insight into the experiences of black people and women.Two novels in particular that explore these themes are Beloved and Paradise.These two novels are privy to the experiences of black women as they work together to overcome their traumas in various ways.In the novels,the theme of food is used as a motif to represent inner strength and healing from trauma.Throughout Beloved and Paradise,food is used as a powerful symbol to convey community togetherness as well as to symbolize inner strength,and its textual appearances should be analyzed for their implications about race and gender.In so doing,readers will be able to better understand how food is not just a physical necessity,but a powerful symbol of strength and solidarity.

Comparative study of two female African-American Writers in 20 Century-Alice Walker VS.Toni Morriso

Toni Morrison and Alice Walker are among the most outstanding female African-American writers in Contemporary American Literature. Their works have been popular since 1960s to now. Although Walker and Morrison grew up under different family environments, they had the same experience of witnessing African-American women's movements in last Century; therefore, they reached an agreement on writing thoughts and contents. For instance, they both referred to Racism, Sexism and "Womanism"in many of their works. This dissertation studies about the two authors'difference and sameness descriptions on African-American women's identities, social status, rights, powers and fates,and to express their self-consciousness and bright prospection after experiencing the most painful encounters through comparative study on two of their short stories-Everyday Use and Recitatif.

居所·自我·他-我:莫里森与阿来小说中的居住空间诗学

房屋作为人最重要的生活空间,与主体的自我建构密切相关,也包含着人际社会关系。美国著名作家托妮·莫里森和中国著名作家阿来不约而同地在小说创作中以房屋为依托,刻画特殊的族群生活,再现了作品中人物的生活空间。他们的空间叙事是其文学创作的重要策略,藉此聚焦的族群居住空间呈现出小说人物自我建构与社会建构之间的持续张力,既流动着主体对居住空间的亲密情感,也展布着房屋作为社会空间的权力机制。

托尼·莫里森《家》的叙事策略探析

托尼·莫里森的小说《家》在叙事艺术上展现了其独特的创新与深度。作者摒弃传统线性叙事,采用非线性、多层次多视角的叙事手法,通过主人公弗兰克·莫尼及其妹妹茜的视角,以回忆、梦境和现实交织的方式展开故事,展现他们逃离种族压迫后的精神回归之旅。莫里森运用细腻的心理描绘和丰富的象征手法,深度挖掘黑人个体的身份认同危机、家庭关系的复杂纠葛以及对家园的追寻渴望。小说中的叙述时空交错,人物内心世界与外部社会环境相互映照,揭示了美国社会历史的深刻烙印和黑人群体的精神创伤。同时,通过对“家”这一主题的反复吟唱,莫里森探讨了家园不仅是地理意义上的归宿,更是心灵救赎与文化记忆的载体。这种叙事策略赋予作品深厚的历史文化底蕴和强烈的艺术感染力,充分体现了莫里森卓越的叙事才能和人文关怀。

缺席、重建与循环:论《宠儿》中的母系之爱

托妮·莫里森《宠儿》中母系之爱的主题尤为突出,它关涉着作者对美国黑人女性个体与群体精神遗产的叙述。通过描写塞丝家族和贝比·萨格斯家族在奴隶制下的遭遇,小说深刻地阐释了暴力与爱对宠儿、塞丝与丹芙等人的影响。爱的被迫缺席使得宠儿遭受来自奴隶制与母爱的双重暴力,爱的艰难重建显示了黑人间个体与群体之爱的复杂性,爱的循环流转则表明了非洲共同文化与精神的独特性,呼唤着黑人群体记忆的重述与生命的融合。

论托妮·莫里森小说中的死亡书写

莫里森作品中对待死亡的态度反映了其对黑人群体精神上和生活上需求的关注,显示了作者的人文主义关怀和生死观。结合作者的成长经历和社会环境,尝试就莫里森的几部代表性小说中频繁出现的死亡类型和意象进行分析,探究黑人如何完成对个人价值和生命意义的探索,从而更清楚地解悟莫里森如何借死亡的书写来再现黑人不堪回首的悲惨历史,重构黑人民族记忆,明晓莫里森主张多元文化融合的思想以及赋予死亡的意义和情感指向,以期为研究与莫里森有相似政治际遇和生活经历的其他美国少数族裔小说家的作品提供一个新的视角。