Analysis and Discussion about Quantitative Grading Standard for Salary Promotion of Agricultural Scientific Researchers

The existing performance salary system has several grades in the same job title. When the number of workers qualified for promotion is more than the target,quantitative grading is usually adopted to determine salary promotion personnel. Scientific,fair and reasonable grading content and standard directly concern income and remuneration of scientific researchers,and also concern recognition and respect degree of contribution made by scientific researchers. Therefore,quantitative grading standard is of the utmost importance to keeping stability,arousing enthusiasm and creativity of scientific researchers,and promoting smooth development of scientific research. Achievements awarded,papers published and project research can reflect scientific research level,ability and working performance of agricultural scientific researchers. This paper takes these three items as examples,analyzes,discusses and compares the establishment and evaluation of quantitative grading standard. It states that " one yardstick" and " one vote veto system" should be adhered to when evaluating using the quantitative grading standard. It is expected to provide reference for organizations of the same trade in establishing quantitative grading standard and conducting evaluation.

Relationship between the Current Account Balance Ratio and Salary Ratio in Japanese Municipal Hospitals

Background: While public municipal hospitals in Japan are supported by public financing and are less likely to fail than private hospitals, more than half are in financial deficit. Hospitals running at a deficit may have poorer outcomes and less investment in maintenance of human or physical capital, as well as increased rates of patient adverse events. We sought to clarify the relationship between municipal hospital surpluses or deficits and salary expenditures. Methods: We extracted financial data for 253 general hospitals of 300 beds or more from financial statements for the 2013 fiscal year available in the Yearbook of Public Firms, Edition for Hospital. From these data, we calculated account balance ratios and compared the average value of the ratio of labor to the output (salary ratio) for each group using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The salary ratios of hospitals in the surplus group were significantly lower than the salary ratios of hospitals in the deficit group (55.5% vs. 49.4%;p p = 0.342). In the surplus group, the average value of salary ratios was different among the three-bed count groups (mean salary ratio: 53.0% vs. 48.5% vs. 47.4%;ANOVA p = 0.012). In addition, there was a significant difference in mean value between the 300-bed group and ≥500 beds group (mean salary ratio: 53.0% vs. 47.4%;p = 0.002). Conclusion: This study suggests that maintaining a favorable salary ratio to the current account balance is a useful proxy of fiscal health, and interventions to improve the salary ratio may be effective in improving municipal hospital management. Furthermore, among well-managed municipal hospitals, larger hospital size may confer some advantage in purchasing power.

Countermeasures of the Reform of College Performance-related Salary in the Light of Well-being

This article aims to provide insights into of reform of college performance-related salary with starting at well-being of employees. It comes to the conclusion that it is of significance to reform college performance-related salary system from sev- eral aspects. Encouraging employees＇ participation in reform of college performance-related salary,dealing with the relation between re-search and teaching properly,improving college performance-related salary system and deepening position management can make contribu- tion to quick and well development of college performance-related salary.

招聘网站数据薪资K-means聚类分析可视化

该研究利用BOSS直聘网站上的岗位数据,使用Python编程语言通过K-means聚类算法对不同岗位的薪资水平进行分析和可视化展示。通过多次迭代计算,将岗位样本点分配到最近的聚类中心,并更新聚类中心的位置。最终的可视化结果显示了不同学历,不同薪资水平类别的岗位样本点的分布情况和每个聚类中心的位置。这些结果对求职者和招聘人员来说具有重要意义。求职者可以根据不同薪资水平类别的分布情况选择更符合自身期望的岗位,而招聘人员则可以更好地了解市场上不同薪资水平的竞争态势,制定更合理的薪资策略。

Research on the Relationship between Salary Incentives for R&D Personnel and R&D Investment in China’s Pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To explore the relationship between salary incentives for R&D personnel and R&D investment in China’s pharmaceutical industry through an empirical analysis so as to propose suggestions for increasing more R&D investment from the perspective of stimulating R&D personnel.Methods Based on the relevant data of the China’s pharmaceutical industry in the“China High-tech Industry Statistical Yearbook”and other data from the National Bureau of Statistics from 1995 to 2018,co-integration tests was used to construct error correction models and Granger causality tests to explore the relationship between R&D personnel salary incentives and R&D investment.Results and Conclusion There is a long-term balanced relationship between the salary level of R&D personnel in China’s pharmaceutical industry and the investment of R&D.For the per capita salary of R&D personnel increases by 1 unit,the internal expenditure of R&D investment will increase by 2.2451 units.In the short term,the per capita salary of R&D personnel has a slight negative impact on the internal expenditure of R&D investment.In addition,the salary incentives for R&D personnel have the most significant role in promoting R&D investment after five years of implementation.

Analysis of the Factors Affecting the Employment Quality of College Graduates:A Case Study of China

The employment quality of college graduates in China is a topic of widespread concern.This paper uses authoritative data sources,including the China Labor Statistics Yearbook,China Statistical Yearbook,and data from provincial statistical bureaus,to examine the employment quality of college graduates in different regions of China.Specifically,the paper explores three aspects:salary level,job intensity,and job stability.The research results indicate that undergraduate graduates experience lower job intensity than college counterparts.However,while North,East,and South China show high salary levels and job stability,issues such as high work intensity,high cost of living,and small living space exist.Therefore,this paper offers policy development recommendations to promote job market reform and improve employment quality.These recommendations aim to address the challenges faced by college graduates in various regions of China and to promote the stability of the country’s social and economic development.By examining the employment quality of college graduates in different regions of China,this paper provides valuable insights for scholars,policymakers,and practitioners.

The Rise of China’s Women’s Basketball Team:An Exploration of Gender Equality in Professional Basketball

This article explores the rise of the Chinese women’s basketball team in professional basketball and its relationship to gender equality issues.In view of the gender differences in salary,market value,social status,and other aspects,the article proposes a series of strategies to promote the realization of gender equality for female basketball players in professional basketball.This article points out that the rise of the Chinese women’s basketball team will lead the process of gender equality and lay the foundation for a more equitable and inclusive future.To achieve this goal,this article highlights the importance of improving the competitive level of female athletes,improving basic education,promoting basketball culture,and promoting gender equality.

阶级、结构与《资本论》范畴学——马克思工资理论探析

《资本论》工资由主体论所规定:工资不仅是外在的壳——工资形式,也是内在的瓤——针对资本的批判,突出阶级关系当事人对于工艺者的系统支配性。《资本论》范畴学取决于经济理论的两面性:“资本的政治经济学”和“劳动的政治经济学”。工资既是资本的经济结果,也是资本的统治前提。马克思抓住“资本工资”这个论证中心,工资一般的理解维度据此定格为“阶级—统治—剥削—拜物教”这一模式。由于马克思的理论努力,《资本论》实质性提出了“马克思主义的工资范畴学”,作为两重统一的规定性:算法工资(主体范畴)与雇佣工资(经济范畴)的统一以及阶级工资(劳动力社会价格)与市场工资(劳动力市场价格)的统一。《资本论》工资的系统实现论从中得以确认。一旦从资产者的权利意识的束缚中走出,“工资拜物教”即被瓦解,围绕生活资料安排的系统规划将替代对工资收入水平的单一追求。

民国时期大学助教的薪酬及其生活状况

民国时期,助教在大学专任教师群体中占据很大比例。政府对助教薪俸、补贴等进行了多次调整和补充。各大学依据自身特点和条件,参照政府颁布的多项政策不断调整助教薪酬。助教在经历政府欠薪时期的艰难之后,曾过上一段温饱的生活,全民族抗日战争爆发后,生活又再度陷入困窘。助教的薪酬与教授的薪酬相比,差距较大;与中学教师、公务员的薪酬相比,也略低。通过对大学助教薪酬及其生活的考察,可以更加全面、客观地认识民国时期大学教师的生活状况。

基于扎根理论的公立医院薪酬分配机制优化策略分析

目的为更好地调动广大医务人员的工作积极性,探索公立医院薪酬分配机制的优化策略。方法采用目的抽样法于2024年3月对河南省某大型公立医院职工进行半结构式访谈。根据扎根理论对访谈资料进行梳理、编码和整合。结果根据40份访谈资料归纳出44个初始概念和14个基本范畴、6个主范畴、3个核心范畴。构建了一个基于薪酬分配原则、薪酬分配结构、薪酬管理制度的公立医院薪酬分配机制模型。结论建议医院保证薪酬分配的公平性和竞争性,实施多样化的薪酬政策,不断完善薪酬分配结构和监督管理制度。

基于访谈法探索科室教学绩效的建立及对临床教学的影响

目的探索科室教学绩效的建立及其对临床教学的影响。方法运用半结构访谈法,构建科室教学绩效考核体系。通过Likert调查问卷,半结构访谈法及检索教学智慧平台数据等方式,分析教学绩效体系对临床教学的影响。结果临床教师对科室教学绩效体系满意度良好,认为可提高自身薪酬、改善教学即时反馈及教学积极性,其中,医疗小组组员评价更高。教学区长认为教学绩效对科室教学管理具有重要的促进作用。在教学绩效改革后,住院医师规培化培训年度考核理论成绩较前有明显的上升。结论科室教学绩效体系合理稳定,可提高临床教师的教学积极性,优化科室的教学工作,并提高教学质量。

非认知能力对家庭第一代大学生就业结果影响更大吗?

家庭第一代大学生就业关系着高等教育促进社会流动、阻断贫困代际传递重要功能的实现。基于2022年度全国高校本科毕业生调查数据分析发现,与非一代大学生相比,家庭第一代大学生在毕业去向上更倾向于选择就业而非升学,但两个群体在起薪和工作满意度上的差异不显著;除了毕业去向,非认知能力也会影响初职起薪和工作满意度,但没有充足证据表明家庭第一代大学生从中获益更大;在对就业去向的影响中,非认知能力与认知能力发挥着相互补充和替代作用,但是这种影响在两类群体之间具有一致性;家庭第一代大学生非认知能力显著低于非一代大学生,通过更多的同伴互动、社会实践活动、家庭情感支持、学校归属感和更低的家庭成就内疚感可提高其非认知能力。

德国高校对不同阶段教授激励策略的价值导向探究——基于德国W体系薪酬分配制度的分析

德国高校教授W体系薪酬分配制度成功实现从“注重人人有份”到“保障和激励兼顾”的转变。现已形成以“基本工资为主,多元附加浮动工资补充”的稳定结构,基本实现了“有侧重地激励不同专业发展阶段教授”的改革目标。基本工资坚持“依据资质,保障公平”、浮动工资坚持“优绩优酬,强化激励”的价值导向。具体而言,初级教授(W1阶段)面临适应和生存需求,侧重职位胜任力的提升;终身教授(W2、W3阶段),其中:普通教授(W2阶段)面临向上晋升需求,侧重教学和科研并重发展;专家教授(W3阶段)面临承担高级职位使命,侧重行政管理和对外合作等贡献。我国正处于高等学校薪酬制度的改革期,德国W体系薪酬分配制度二十余年的实践经验颇具借鉴意义。

中小学教师工资合理性参照系的确定和验证——基于2000—2019年数据

经过多年的努力,我国中小学教师工资制度已经建立并深深地嵌入各级政府的公共支出管理制度中,保障了教师工资在政府预算中的优先等级。随着教育财政的重点逐渐从教育经费优先增长转向教育经费“可持续”与“支出合理”并重,对中小学教师工资也在“确保”的同时,提出了有效、合理的要求,然而,教师工资合理有效的标准还缺乏坚实的共识基础。依据OECD的参照指标和我国教育经费的构成特征,初步讨论了教师工资合理性的参照标准,并用2000—2019年的数据进行了验证。结论如下:21世纪前二十年,中小学教师工资总体上超越了人均GDP和城镇单位就业人员,但增长机制还不稳定;不同省份中小学教师工资与当地城镇单位就业人员工资的相对水平差异很大,并且呈现明显的分布惯性;中小学教师工资在教育经费中所占据的份额呈持续上升之势。建议进一步对中小学教师工资增长的动力机制、教育经费支出中的要素结构及中小学教师工资内外部参照标准等相关政策议题进行探讨。

中小学教师职称与工资收入的性别差异分析

通过对全国15044名中小学教师的调查发现,不同年龄、不同地区、不同学段及城乡间的中小学女性教师在职称及工资收入上均明显低于男性教师,女教师不仅获得初级及以下职称、较低收入的占比均要明显高于男教师,且获得中高级职称、中高收入的占比要明显低于男教师。女性青年教师在职称晋升上难度更大,还有较大比例的教师职称未定级。东部地区女教师、农村及乡镇女教师的职称晋升相对较难,较难晋升到中高级职称;而县城及农村女教师、小学女教师和中部地区女教师则深陷中低收入陷阱,较难进入到较高及高收入段,她们在职称晋升及工资收入上与男性教师差距明显。因此,应对真正在农村地区工作的教师给予更多补助,要关注并提高县城及中部地区教师的工资待遇,在职称晋升与评审中应增设一些体现性别平等结果的指标要求,以阻止性别差距进一步扩大。

薪酬管制能促进企业“脱虚还实”吗?--基于“限薪令”的准自然实验

将2015年实施的“限薪令”政策视为衡量薪酬管制的准自然实验,基于2012—2022年A股非金融上市公司数据,采用双重差分模型检验“限薪令”对企业金融化的影响,探究薪酬管制对企业“脱虚还实”效果。研究结果表明:薪酬管制政策显著抑制了国有企业金融资产的配置行为,主要通过抑制国有企业金融化的“蓄水池”动机和降低管理层风险偏好两种机制降低企业金融资产配置比例,促进企业“脱虚还实”;薪酬管制政策对金融资产类型和金融渠道获利存在结构性差异,表现为对投机型和保值型金融资产以及风险型金融渠道获利抑制效果更为明显;薪酬管制政策通过积极影响企业核心业务与实体投资,促进企业资源优化配置。

高管贫困经历与企业内部薪酬差距缩小:自我约束效应和移情效应的共同作用

使用2011—2021年沪深A股上市公司相关数据,探究高管贫困经历对企业内部薪酬差距的影响。研究发现,企业管理层的贫困经历能够缩小企业内部薪酬差距。机制分析表明,总经理的贫困经历可以通过“自我约束效应”降低在职消费水平,减少管理层薪酬;董事长贫困经历具有“移情效应”,能够提高企业职工薪酬占比,但同时董事长贫困经历也会削弱企业内部薪酬差距的激励作用,降低企业收入绩效,导致其对普通员工薪酬发挥的作用有限。对企业异质性特征的分析发现,总体而言,管理层贫困经历在非国有企业、员工议价能力较低企业、劳动密集型企业样本中发挥了更为积极的缩小企业内部薪酬差距的作用。

德国行业大师证书考试模式、特色及镜鉴

德国行业大师资格证书考试主要有实操考试、笔试和口试等形式,从理论、技术、经营管理和社会责任等方面对学生展开综合能力考查。行业大师证书考试的特色在于考核综合能力,提供无限发展机遇,校政行企共筑教育品质,进一步塑造了德国职业教育的卓越形象。行业大师证书考试对我国的镜鉴为,基于市场需要,多方共筑职业教育生态体系;立足本土、展望国际,提升职业资格考试证书的认可度;聚焦职业特质与综合能力培养,构建科学的职业资格考试体系。

高校附属口腔医院人力成本管控与薪酬激励机制探析

探析高校附属口腔医院人力成本管控及薪酬激励机制建设问题。结合某高校附属口腔医院相关实践,对附属口腔医院人力成本现状、人力成本管控、薪酬激励机制建设等进行初步探析,并探讨优化高校附属口腔医院人力成本的对策。经过深入分析和研究,提出了针对性的对策,高校附属口腔医院应合理定岗定编,完善考核体系,建立薪酬激励机制等,提升医院人力成本管理水平。建立绩效激励机制,改善职位设置和薪资分配水平,可促进人力资源的高效调配,提升工作效率,降低了成本。

国有企业人才激励现状及实践探究

人才激励是根据内外部环境变化,创造能满足人才需求的条件,从而激发人才的行为动机,使其能够达成组织预期目标的管理过程。国有企业人才激励是提高国有企业竞争力、促进国有企业可持续发展的关键举措。党的十八大以来,国有企业人才激励政策不断完善,激励措施更加科学公平,激励主体也更加多元,为人才发展提供了持续优化的环境。但国有企业人才激励体系仍然面临严峻的挑战,如制度设计不完善、薪酬结构不合理、激励措施单一、中长期激励不足等。国有企业要达到对人才的有效激励,应建立健全与劳动力市场基本适应、以岗位价值为基础、以绩效贡献为依据的薪酬管理制度,在经济效益增长和劳动生产率提高的同时实现职工报酬同步增长。因才施策,依据人才的差异性采取不同的激励措施;完善股权激励制度,注重人才中长期激励;引入全面薪酬战略,注重物质激励和非物质激励的有机结合。