产前超声诊断Binder综合征

Binder综合征是罕见的先天性面中部发育畸形[1],发病率约1/18000[2]。三维超声具有立体成像、动态可视化等优点,能实时、动态观察胎儿颜面部结构,已广泛应用于临床。本研究观察产前超声诊断Binder综合征的价值。1资料与方法1.1研究对象收集2019年10月—2022年10月于甘肃省妇幼保健院经产前超声诊断为Binder综合征的7胎胎儿,均为单胎,孕周22~24周、平均(22.9±0.7)周;孕妇年龄26~36岁、平均(30.0±3.3)岁,其中1名孕期有环境毒害物(甲醛)接触史,1名有孕早期服药史(布洛芬),1名孕期从事美甲工作并频繁接触甲醇、乙醛等化学溶剂。本研究经院伦理委员会批准[(2021)GSFY伦审[47]号];孕妇及其家属均知情同意。

Constructing high-toughness polyimide binder with robust polarity and ion-conductive mechanisms ensuring long-term operational stability of silicon-based anodes

Silicon-based materials have demonstrated remarkable potential in high-energy-density batteries owing to their high theoretical capacity.However,the significant volume expansion of silicon seriously hinders its utilization as a lithium-ion anode.Herein,a functionalized high-toughness polyimide(PDMI) is synthesized by copolymerizing the 4,4'-Oxydiphthalic anhydride(ODPA) with 4,4'-oxydianiline(ODA),2,3-diaminobenzoic acid(DABA),and 1,3-bis(3-aminopropyl)-tetramethyl disiloxane(DMS).The combination of rigid benzene rings and flexible oxygen groups(-O-) in the PDMI molecular chain via a rigidness/softness coupling mechanism contributes to high toughness.The plentiful polar carboxyl(-COOH) groups establish robust bonding strength.Rapid ionic transport is achieved by incorporating the flexible siloxane segment(Si-O-Si),which imparts high molecular chain motility and augments free volume holes to facilitate lithium-ion transport(9.8 × 10^(-10) cm^(2) s^(-1) vs.16 × 10^(-10) cm^(2) s~(-1)).As expected,the SiO_x@PDMI-1.5 electrode delivers brilliant long-term cycle performance with a remarkable capacity retention of 85% over 500 cycles at 1.3 A g^(-1).The well-designed functionalized polyimide also significantly enhances the electrochemical properties of Si nanoparticles electrode.Meanwhile,the assembled SiO_x@PDMI-1.5/NCM811 full cell delivers a high retention of 80% after 100 cycles.The perspective of the binder design strategy based on polyimide modification delivers a novel path toward high-capacity electrodes for high-energy-density batteries.

High energy density in ultra-thick and flexible electrodes enabled by designed conductive agent/binder composite

Thick electrodes can increase incorporation of active electrode materials by diminishing the proportion of inactive constituents,improving the overall energy density of batteries.However,thick electrodes fabricated using the conventional slurry casting approach frequently exhibit an exacerbated accumulation of carbon additives and binders on their surfaces,invariably leading to compromised electrochemical properties.In this study,we introduce a designed conductive agent/binder composite synthesized from carbon nanotube and polytetrafluoroethylene.This agent/binder composite facilitates production of dry-process-prepared ultra-thick electrodes endowed with a three-dimensional and uniformly distributed percolative architecture,ensuring superior electronic conductivity and remarkable mechanical resilience.Using this approach,ultra-thick LiCoO_(2)(LCO) electrodes demonstrated superior cycling performance and rate capabilities,registering an impressive loading capacity of up to 101.4 mg/cm^(2),signifying a 242% increase in battery energy density.In another analytical endeavor,time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy was used to clarify the distribution of cathode electrolyte interphase(CEI) in cycled LCO electrodes.The results provide unprecedented evidence explaining the intricate correlation between CEI generation and carbon distribution,highlighting the intrinsic advantages of the proposed dry-process approach in fine-tu ning the CEI,with excellent cycling performance in batteries equipped with ultra-thick electrodes.

BArcherFuzzer:An Android System Services Fuzzier via Transaction Dependencies of BpBinder

By the analysis of vulnerabilities of Android native system services,we find that some vulnerabilities are caused by inconsistent data transmission and inconsistent data processing logic between client and server.The existing research cannot find the above two types of vulnerabilities and the test cases of them face the problem of low coverage.In this paper,we propose an extraction method of test cases based on the native system services of the client and design a case construction method that supports multi-parameter mutation based on genetic algorithm and priority strategy.Based on the above method,we implement a detection tool-BArcherFuzzer to detect vulnerabilities of Android native system services.The experiment results show that BArcherFuzzer found four vulnerabilities of hundreds of exception messages,all of them were confirmed by Google and one was assigned a Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures(CVE)number(CVE-2020-0363).

Dry Mix Slag—High-Calcium Fly Ash Binder. Part Two: Durability

This work investigates durability of cement-free mortars with a binder comprised of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) activated by high-calcium fly ash (HCFA) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3): the soundness, sulfate resistance, alkali-silica reactivity and efflorescence factors are considered. Results of tests show that such mortars are resistant to alkali-silica expansion. Mortars are also sulfate-resistant when the amount of HCFA in the complex binder is within a limit of 10 wt%. The fineness of fly ash determines its’ ability to activate GGBFS hydration, and influence soundness of the binder, early strength development, sulfate resistance and efflorescence behavior. The present article is a continuation of authors’ work, previously published in MSA, Vol. 14, 240-254.

Silk fibroin-based biopolymer composite binders with gradient binding energy and strong adhesion force for high-performance micro-sized silicon anodes

Micro-sized silicon anodes have shown much promise in large-scale industrial production of high-energy lithium batteries.However,large volume change(>300%)of silicon anodes causes severe particle pulverization and the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphases during cycling,leading to rapid capacity decay and short cycle life of lithium-ion batteries.When addressing such issues,binder plays key roles in obtaining good structural integrity of silicon anodes.Herein,we report a biopolymer composite binder composed of rigid poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)and flexible silk fibroin(SF)tailored for micro-sized silicon anodes.The PAA/SF binder shows robust gradient binding energy via chemical interactions between carboxyl and amide groups,which can effectively accommodate large volume change of silicon.This PAA/SF binder also shows much stronger adhesion force and improved binding towards high-surface/defective carbon additives,resulting in better electrochemical stability and higher coulombic efficiency,than conventional PAA binder.As such,micro-sized silicon/carbon anodes fabricated with novel PAA/SF binder exhibit much better cyclability(up to 500 cycles at 0.5 C)and enhanced rate capability compared with conventional PAA-based anodes.This work provides new insights into the design of functional binders for high-capacity electrodes suffering from large volume change for the development of nextgeneration lithium batteries.

Effects of binder components and PVA modifier on bonding performance of phosphate binder for sand core-making

A type of heat-curing phosphate binder was proposed,and orthogonal experiments based on the tensile strength of sand samples determined that the optimal composition of the binder was phosphoric acid:water:aluminum hydroxide:magnesium oxide:boric acid=300:70:60:9:8.Adding 10%polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)solution during the sand mixture process can significantly improve the 24 h tensile strength of sand samples.When adding 30 g phosphate binder and 8 g 10%PVA solution,the initial tensile strength of the sample is 0.76 MPa,the room temperature tensile strength is 2.29 MPa,and the 24 h tensile strength is 1.73 MPa.The heat-curing modified phosphate sand mold has high tensile strength and low gas generation,which can meet general casting production requirements.

Novel polyimide binder for achieving high-rate capability and long-term cycling stability of LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2) cathode via constructing polar and micro-branched crosslinking network structure

LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)material,as the promising cathode candidate for next-generation highenergy lithium-ion batteries,has gained considerable attention for extremely high theoretical capacity and low cost.Nevertheless,the intrinsic drawbacks of NCM811 such as unstable structure and inevitable interface side reaction result in severe capacity decay and thermal runaway.Herein,a novel polyimide(denoted as PI-Om DT)constructed with the highly polar and micro-branched crosslinking network is reported as a binder material for NCM811 cathode.The micro-branched crosslinking network is achieved by using 1,3,5-Tris(4-aminophenoxy)benzene(TAPOB)as a crosslinker via condensation reaction,which endows excellent mechanical properties and large free volume.Meanwhile,the massive polar carboxyl(-COOH)groups provide strong adhesion sites to active NCM811 particles.These functions of PIOm DT binder collaboratively benefit to forming the mechanically robust and homogeneous coating layer with rapid Li+diffusion on the surface of NCM811,significantly stabilizing the cathode structure,suppressing the detrimental interface side reaction and guaranteeing the shorter ion-diffusion and electron-transfer paths,consequently enhancing electrochemical performance.As compared to the NCM811 with PVDF binder,the NCM811 using PI-Om DT binder delivers a superior high-rate capacity(121.07 vs.145.38 m Ah g^(-1))at 5 C rate and maintains a higher capacity retention(80.38%vs.91.6%)after100 cycles at 2.5–4.3 V.Particularly,at the high-voltage conditions up to 4.5 and 4.7 V,the NCM811 with PI-Om DT binder still maintains the remarkable capacity retention of 88.86%and 72.5%after 100 cycles,respectively,paving the way for addressing the high-voltage operating stability of the NCM811 cathode.Moreover,the full-charged NCM811 cathode with PI-Om DT binder exhibits a significantly enhanced thermal stability,improving the safety performance of batteries.This work opens a new avenue for developing high-energy NCM811 based lithium-ion batteries with long cycle-life and superior safety performance using a novel and effective binder.

Rational design of stretchable and conductive hydrogel binder for highly reversible SiP2 anode

The emerging SiP2with large capacity and suitable plateau is proposed to be the alternative anode for Li-ion batteries.However,typical SiP2still suffers from serious volume expansion and structural destruction,resulting in much Li-consumption and capacity fading.Herein,a novel stretchable and conductive Li-PAA@PEDOT:PSS binder is rationally designed to improve the cyclability and reversibility of SiP2.Interestingly,such Li-PAA@PEDOT:PSS hydrogel enables a better accommodation of volume expansion than PVDF binder(e.g.5.94% vs.68.73% of expansivity).More specially,the SiP2electrode with LiPAA@PEDOT:PSS binder is surprisingly found to enable unexpected structural recombination and selfhealing Li-storage processes,endowing itself with a high initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE) up to 93.8%,much higher than PVDF binder(ICE=70.7%) as well.Such unusual phenomena are investigated in detail for Li-PAA@PEDOT:PSS,and the possible mechanism shows that its Li-PAA component enables to prevent the pulverization of SiP2nanoparticles while the PEDOT:PSS greatly bridges fast electronic connection for the whole electrode.Consequently,after being further composited with carbon matrix,the SiP2/C with LiPAA@PEDOT:PSS hydrogel exhibits high reversibility(ICE> 93%),superior cyclability(>450 cycles),and rate capability(1520 mAh/g at 2000 mA/g) for LIBs.This highly stretchable and conductive binder design can be easily extended to other alloying materials toward advanced energy storage.

Rational Design of Robust and Universal Aqueous Binders to Enable Highly Stable Cyclability of High-Capacity Conversion and Alloy-Type Anodes

The development of high-performance binders is a simple but effective approach to address the rapid capacity decay of high-capacity anodes caused by large volume change upon lithiation/delithiation.Herein,we demonstrate a unique organic/inorganic hybrid binder system that enables an efficient in situ crosslinking of aqueous binders(e.g.,sodium alginate(SA)and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC))by reacting with an inorganic crosslinker(sodium metaborate hydrate(SMH))upon vacuum drying.The resultant 3D interconnected networks endow the binders with strong adhesion and outstanding self-healing capability,which effectively improve the electrode integrity by preventing fracturing and exfoliation during cycling and facilitate Li^(+)ion transfer.SiO anodes fabricated from the commercial microsized powders with the SA/0.2SMH binder maintain 1470 mAh g^(-1)of specific capacity at 100 mA g^(-1)after 200 cycles,which is 5 times higher than that fabricated with SA binder alone(293 mAh g^(-1)).Nearly,no capacity loss was observed over 500 cycles when limiting discharge capacity at 1500 mAh g^(-1).The new binders also dramatically improved the performance of Fe_(2)O_(3),Fe_(3)O_(4),NiO,and Si electrodes,indicating the excellent applicability.This finding represents a novel strategy in developing high-performance aqueous binders and improves the prospect of using high-capacity anode materials in Li-ion batteries.

Optimization of Animal-Glue Binders for Casting Applications

In typical metal foundry applications,sand casting is still the most used technology.The related binder plays a very important role as its performances can directly influence the quality of castings.Among many binders,glues of animal origin have attracted much attention in recent years due to their reduced environmental impact.How-ever,they display some drawbacks such as the tendency to coagulate easily at room temperature and a relatively low strength.In this study,a novel gas-hardening casting binder was prepared using an animal glue and anhy-drous potassium carbonate as a hydrolyzing agent to avoid undesired agglomeration.Moreover,sodium pyropho-sphate and furfuryl alcohol were exploited as modifiers to obtain a binder with a high compressive strength.The best modification conditions,determined by means of an orthogonal design matrix approach,were 4 g of Na2CO3,sodium pyrophosphate,furfuryl alcohol and animal glue with a ratio of 4:12:100,at 85°C and with a duration of 115 min,respectively.The viscosity of the mixture obtained under these optimized conditions was 1250 mPa⋅s.The compressive strength of the binder,hardened by CO_(2) gas,was 4.00 MPa.Its gas evolution at 850°C was 15 ml⋅g-1,and its residual strength after 10 min calculation at 800°C was 0.01 MPa,which is high enough to meet the requirement of core-making in foundry.Moreover,after hydrolysis and further modification,animal glue and modifiers displayed a grafting reaction and an esterification reaction,respectively,which made the adhesive network denser and improved its thermal stability.

Virtual strain loading method for low temperature cohesive failure of asphalt binder

Cohesive failure is one of the primary reasons for low-temperature cracking in asphalt pavements.Understanding the micro-level mechanism is crucial for comprehending cohesive failure behavior.However,previous literature has not fully reported on this aspect.Moreover,there has been insufficient attention given to the correlation between macroscopic and microscopic failures.To address these issues,this study employed molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the low-temperature tensile behavior of asphalt binder.By applying virtual strain,the separation work during asphalt binder tensile failure was calculated.Additionally,a correlation between macroscopic and microscopic tensile behaviors was established.Specifically,a quadrilateral asphalt binder model was generated based on SARA fractions.By applying various combinations of virtual strain loading,the separation work at tensile failure was determined.Furthermore,the impact of strain loading combinations on separation work was analyzed.Normalization was employed to establish the correlation between macroscopic and microscopic tensile behaviors.The results indicated that thermodynamic and classical mechanical indicators validated the reliability of the tetragonal asphalt binder model.The strain loading combination consists of strain rate and loading number.All strain loading combinations exhibited the similar tensile failure characteristic.The critical separation strain was hardly influenced by strain loading combination.However,increasing strain rate significantly enhanced both the maximum traction stress and separation work of the asphalt binder.An increment in the loading number led to a decrease in separation work.The virtual strain combination of 0.5%-80 provided a more accurate representation of the actual asphalt's tensile behavior trend.

Dry Mix Slag—High-Calcium Fly Ash Binder. Part One: Hydration and Mechanical Properties

High-calcium fly ash (HCFA)—a residue of high-temperature coal combustion at thermal power plants, in combination with sodium carbonate presents an effective hardening activator of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS). Substitution of 10% - 30% of GGBFS by HCFA and premixing of 1% - 3% Na2CO3 to this dry binary binder was discovered to give mortar compression strength of 10 - 30 to 30 - 45 MPa at 7 and 28 days when moist cured at ambient temperature. High-calcium fly ash produced from low-temperature combustion of fuel, like in circulating fluidized bed technology, reacts with water readily and is itself a good hardening activator for GGBFS, so introduction of Na2CO3 into such mix has no noticeable effect on the mortar strength. However, low-temperature HCFA has higher water demand, and the strength of mortar is compromised by this factor. As of today, our research is still ongoing, and we expect to publish more data on different aspects of durability of proposed GGBFS-HCFA binder later.

Android下Binder进程间通信机制的分析与研究

Binder IPC(Inter-Process Communication,进程间通信)机制是Android操作系统中重要的IPC机制。研究BinderIPC机制对于完成Android中进程间通信的程序开发有着重要的意义。文中系统地分析了Android操作系统下Binder的构架模型、Binder驱动的工作原理、Binder接口及运行机制,最后使用AIDL(Android Interface Definition Language)给出了运行Binder IPC机制的实例。实例结果表明Binder机制可以有效地完成Android系统中的进程间通信。

自体肋软骨联合脂肪移植治疗Binder综合征的临床应用研究

目的:探讨采用自体肋软骨联合颗粒脂肪矫正Binder综合征的鼻部畸形和面中部凹陷,术后通过观察鼻部形态变化和鼻腔通气、发音等功能变化,对其效果行综合评价。方法:对8例Binder综合征患者,常规切取第6/7肋软骨,雕刻成长条状、片状、块状和碎颗粒状,用来修复构建鼻小柱、鼻背、侧鼻、鼻翼、鼻中隔等鼻部亚单元结构,并采用自体脂肪和肋软骨颗粒混合物填充塌陷的梨状孔周围、鼻槛和上颌窦凹陷。结果:8例患者均获随访,最长随访5年,对畸形矫正效果和鼻部功能改善均满意。结论:自体肋软骨联合脂肪移植治疗Binder综合征,能较好的矫正鼻畸形和面中部凹陷,还可以不同程度改善鼻腔功能,长期效果稳定。

面中部牵引成骨结合正颌手术治疗Binder综合征

目的：Binder综合征患者有严重的面部凹陷畸形及咬合功能障碍,治疗相对困难且易复发。本研究探讨面中部牵引结合正颌手术在Binder综合征治疗中的价值。方法：4例Binder综合征患者采用改良Le Fort II型截骨术,术后利用颅骨外置式牵引器进行旋转牵引,并随时调整矢状向及垂直向的量,矫正患者面形。半年后进行正颌手术,矫正咬合关系,并随访1~2 a。结果：4例患者均顺利完成整个治疗过程,无明显并发症发生。牵引过程中无明显疼痛及不适。头影测量显示,患者面中部骨骼显著前移,凹陷畸形得以矫治。经过正颌-正畸联合治疗,获得了良好的咬合关系。结论：上颌骨Le Fort II型截骨牵引可以矫治鼻上颌骨发育不足,通过正颌手术可以矫正咬合关系,两者结合是一种较为理想的治疗Binder综合征的方法。

急性胰腺炎细胞因子检测及Binder评分临床分析

目的 了解细胞因子及器官功能和代谢合并症Binder评分在急性胰腺炎的变化从而早期识别重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)以利治疗。方法 应用化学发光免疫分析法检测83例急性胰腺炎及正常对照组30例的血清细胞因子IL6、IL8和TNF-α,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测IL10的含量,结合Binder评分作出临床分析。结果 重症和轻症急性胰腺炎(MAP)细胞因子较正常对照组F明显增高(P<0.05),SAP组又较MAP组增高(P<0.05),Binder评分相应升高(P<0.01),差别有显著意义。结论 细胞因子检测结合Binder评分有助临床识别轻、重症急性胰腺炎且简捷易行。

改良鼻-上颌-硬腭截骨联合鼻充填治疗Binder综合征

目的探索一种新的截骨方法以纠正Binder综合征患者的中面部凹陷和鼻畸形。方法选取上海第九人民医院8例Binder综合征患者。采用改良鼻-上颌-硬腭截骨联合肋软骨充填,纠正面中部凹陷及鼻畸形。结果术后6个月随访,患者面中部及鼻突度维持正常。骨块及鼻假体固位良好,无明显吸收。定位测量结果 S-N距离增加约5 mm,SNA角度增加约10°;软组织测量面角增加约8°,鼻唇角增加约10°。鼻尖前移约1 cm。患者对术后结果均满意,无严重并发症出现。结论改良鼻-上颌-硬腭截骨联合肋软骨或鼻假体充填,可以纠正Binder综合征患者面中部凹陷畸形;同时,肋软骨隆鼻可用于纠正该综合症患者的鼻畸形,术后效果良好。

自体肋软骨联合Medpor修复Binder综合征鼻畸形

目的:探讨利用自体肋软骨修复Bi nder综合症患者的鼻畸形并观察手术效果。方法:鼻中隔取V字形切口,沿下外侧软骨缘做边缘切口,取鼻中隔软骨,植入雕刻的肋软骨支架和鼻中隔软骨支架,利用Medpor材料进行固定成形,对6例患者进行手术,并进行为期六个月以上的随访。结果:对随访患者的鼻外形进行综合评估,受术者和术者都满意,无重大并发症发生。结论:这种方法简便可行,花费少,改善大,效果好,值得进一步推广。

Android进程间通信Binder扩展模型的设计与实现

为使Android中的服务得到最大化利用,在原有系统框架下设计一种将服务扩展到移动互联网的模型。通过分析Binder机制,借助网络套接字技术,在服务端的Binder框架之上增加一个用于监听的守护进程,达到分发服务请求的目的,从而在不改变原生服务调用机制下实现跨网络平台的服务。试验结果表明,相比原模型,扩展模型的服务执行效率并没有明显的降低,达到了设计要求。