The blocking effect of the sand fences quantified using wind tunnel simulations

Fences are one of the most effective measures to prevent and control wind-blown sand disasters,and the blocking effect of fences is largely determined by their porosity and height(H).This study employed wind tunnel experiments to measure wind velocities on both sides of wire mesh sand fences with porosities of 75%,63%,56%,36%and heights of 10,5 and 2 cm.The effects of porosity and height on the blocking effect of the fences were evaluated on the basis of velocity variability,flow field,and the wind velocity reduction coefficient.Results show that the smaller the porosity,the stronger the blocking effect.The fence with a porosity of 36%had the strongest windproof efficiency of 0.70 and longest protection range of 9 H,and thus showed the best applicability in preventing and controlling wind-blown sand disasters.The fence with a porosity of 56%showed a windproof efficiency of 0.31 and a protection range of 7 H,which could be considered for adoption.However,fences with porosities of 75%and 63%were not recommended to be adopted,because their windproof efficiency and protection range were very small.Overall,the higher the fence,the stronger the blocking effect.The highest fence(10 cm)had the longest protection range of 90 cm,which was the best in application.Nevertheless,the 5 and 2 cm fences were almost consistent with 10 cm fence in windproof efficiency,which was still suitable for wind and sand fixation.

Water blocking effect caused by the use of hydraulic methods for permeability enhancement in coal seams and methods for its removal

To research techniques for removing the water blocking effect caused by hydraulic applications in coal seams,the use of surfactants is proposed,based on the mechanics of the water blocking effect.Centrifugal experiments were used to validate the effects of using surfactants;the results show that after dealing with vacuum saturation with water,the volume of micropores decreases,which results in a larger average pore size,and the volume of transitional pores,mesopores,macropores and total pores increases.Based on the distribution of pore size,the operation mode of ‘‘water infusion after gas extraction,then continuing gas extraction" is recommended to improve the volume of coal mine gas drainage.When the reflectance of vitrinite in coal samples is less than 1,using the surfactants Fast T,1631,APG,BS can mitigate the damage caused by the water blocking effect.But when the reflectance of vitrinite is larger than 1.4,the damage caused by the water blocking effect can be increased.When the surfactant CMC is used in hydraulic applications,the capillary forces of coal samples are almost negative,which means the capillary force is in the same direction as the gas extraction.The direction of capillary forces benefits the gas flow.So,using CMC can play an active role in removing the water blocking effect.Centrifugal experiments confirm that using CMC can effectively remove the water blocking effect,which has a beneficial effect on improving the gas drainage volume.

Blocking Effects of Spleen Vaccine on Vertical Transmission of Classical Swine Fever Virus in Sows

[ Objective] To investigate the blocking effects of spleen vaccine on vertical transmission of classical swine fever virus （CSFV） in sows. [ Method] Sows infected by CSFV were selected from three large-scale pig farms and they were randomly divided into group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and control group. The sows in the group Ⅰ were vaccinated with CSF spleen vaccine at a 1.5 times normal dose per pig; those in the group Ⅱ were vaccinated with CSF spleen vaccine at a 2.0 times normal dose per pig; and those in the control group were vaccinated with cell vaccine at a 4.0 times normal- dose per pig. The CSF antigens of piglets were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. [ Result] The antigen positive rate of piglets in the experimental group （18.5%） was significantly lower than that in the control group （48.1% ）. No significant difference was found be- tween the group Ⅰ and the group Ⅱ. [ Condmion] CSF spleen vaccine has good blocking effects on vertical transmission of CSFV in sows.

The Blocking Effect of Phenolic Acid on N-Nitrosomorpholine Formation in vitro

Phenolic acids (PAs) are widely found in many daily consumed vegetables and fruits.The inhibitory effects of PAs on Nnitrosomorpholine (NMOR) formation in vitro undersimulated gastric juice condition were studied. The results showed that the inhibjtoryIX)tency of thirteen varieties of PAs differed greatly, which may be related to theirchemical structures; the blocking rate (BR) of different killds of PAs were as follows:caf feic acid, 92.5%; tannic acid, 90.0%; gallic acid, 86.8%; sinaPinic acid, 86.2%; ferulicacid, 8l.l%; chlorogenic acid, 69.4%; gentisic acid, 69.2%; syringic acid, 62.1%; protocatechuic acid, 56.0%; p-coumaric acid, 52.5%; vannilic acid, 35.4%; moreover,p-hydroxybenzoic acid and m-coumaric acid had the least blocking effect or even slightcatalyzing effect. The results also demonstrated that amounts of NMOR formed werenegatively correlated with molar ratio of PAs to nitrite and that the optimum pH forinhibition was between 2 and 3.

Effect of cerebral lymphatic block on cerebral morphology and cortical evoked potential in rats

BACKGROUND: It has been shown that although brain does not contain lining endothelial lymphatic vessel, it has lymphatic drain. Anterior lymphatic system of lymphatic vessel in brain tissue plays a key role in introducing brain interstitial fluid to lymphatic system; however, the significance of lymphatic drain and the effect on cerebral edema remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cerebral lymphatic block on cerebral morphology and cortical evoked potential in rats. DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study. SETTING: Institute of Cerebral Microcirculation of Taishan Medical College and Department of Neurology of Affiliated Hospital. MATERIALS: A total of 63 healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were selected in this study. Forty-seven rats were used for the morphological observation induced by lymphatic drain and randomly divided into three groups: general observation group (n =12), light microscopic observation group (n =21) and electronic microscopic observation group (n =14). The rats in each group were divided into cerebral lymphatic block subgroup and sham-operation control subgroup. Sixteen rats were used for observing the effect of cerebral lymphatic block on cortical evoked potential, in which the animals were randomly divided into sham-operation group (n =6) and cerebral lymphatic block group (n =10). METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Institute of Cerebral Microcirculation of Taishan Medical College from January to August 2003. Rats in cerebral lymphatic block group were anesthetized and separated bilateral superficial and deep cervical lymph nodes under sterile condition. Superior and inferior boarders of lymph nodes were ligated the inputting and outputting channels, respectively, and then lymph node was removed so as to establish cerebral lymphatic drain disorder models. Rats in sham-operation control group were not ligated the lymphatic vessel and removed lymph nodes, and other operations were as the same as those in cerebral lymphatic block group. Morphological changes of the brain and alterations of latency of cortical evoked potential were detected on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th and 15th days after operation under general, light microscope and electronic microscope observations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Cerebral morphological changes; ② latent changes of cortical evoked potential. RESULTS: A total of 63 rats were involved in the final analysis. ① Cerebral morphological changes: General observation showed that, for cerebral lymphatic block rats, the surface of brain was pale and full, and cerebral gyrus was wide and flattened sulci after cerebral lymphatic block; and cerebral tissue space prolongation, increased interstitial fluid, neuronal degeneration and necrosis, diffused phagocytes and satellitosis were observed under light microscope. Neuronal swell and necrosis, glial cell swell, apparent subcellular changes such as mitochondron were observed under electronic microscope. ② Latent changes of cortical evoked potential: As compared with sham-operation control group, latency of cortical evoked potential in cerebral lymphatic blockage group prolonged on the 5th day and 7th day after cerebral lymphatic block [(6.28±0.23), (6.97±0.35) ms; (6.23±0.22), (7.12±0.20) ms; P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: ① Cerebral lymphatic block plays an important role in cerebral morphology, and may result in abnormality of sensitive impulse conduction and prolong latency of cortical evoked potential. ② Examination of cortical evoked potential is easy and convenient, so it is regarded as a key index for lymphatic disturbed cerebral injury.

Blocking Response Surface Designs Incorporating Neigh-bour Effects

In this paper, blocking in response surface for fitting first order model incorporating neighbour effects has been investigated. The conditions for orthogonal estimation of the parameters of the model have been obtained. A method of constructing designs which ensures the constancy of variance of the parameter estimates of the model has also been given.

Effect of Mg-Preflow for p-AlGaN Electron Blocking Layer on the Electroluminescence of Green LEDs with V-Shaped Pits

In GaN-based green light-emitting diodes（LEDs） with and without Mg-preflow before the growth of p-Al GaN electron blocking layer（EBL） are investigated experimentally.A higher Mg doping concentration is achieved in the EBL after Mg-preflow treatment,effectively alleviating the commonly observed efficiency collapse and electrons overflowing at cryogenic temperatures.However,unexpected decline in quantum efficiency is observed after Mg-preflow treatment at room temperature.Our conclusions are drawn such that the efficiency decline is probably the result of different emission positions.Higher Mg doping concentration in the EBL after Mg-preflow treatment will make it easier for a hole to be injected into multiple quantum wells with emission closer to pGaN side through the（8-plane rather than the V-shape pits,which is not favorable to luminous efficiency due to the preferred occurrence of accumulated strain relaxation and structural defects in upper QWs closer to p-GaN.Within this framework,apparently disparate experimental observations regarding electroluminescence properties,in this work,are well reconciled.

Left- and Right-Handers May Unintentionally Apply Different Cognitive Strategies in Response to Situational Demands: Study Using the Block-Wise Proportion Congruency Effect

We investigated the effects of handedness on developing latent cognitive response strategies according to situation variables. We used the findings of the block-wise Proportion Congruency (PC) effect in which the proportion of congruent trials in a given block modulates the compatibility effect in its block. The block-wise PC effect cannot be intentionally controlled. A Simon task with three different types of Proportion Congruency (PC) in a given block was used to measure the block-wise PC effects. This task was administered to 24 left-handed and 24 right-handed participants. The reaction time and error rates, consistent with previous studies, demonstrated that the block-wise PC effect was observed in left- and right-handers. Crucially, the block-wise PC effect was more pronounced in left- than right-handers, suggesting that left- and right-handers unintentionally apply different cognitive strategies in response to conflict resolution experiences.

罗库溴铵用于帕金森病患者的神经肌肉阻滞效应

目的观察帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)与非PD患者罗库溴铵的神经肌肉阻滞效应。方法纳入年龄18~65岁,美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)Ⅰ~Ⅲ,接受丘脑底核-脑深部电刺激手术的PD患者(PD组)31例和行面神经减压的非PD患者(non-PD组)24例为研究对象。麻醉诱导单次给予罗库溴铵(0.6 mg/kg),采用四个成串刺激(train-of-four,TOF)监测肌松,记录罗库溴铵体内作用时间(the duration of 90%recovery of TOF,DURTOF 90%)、起效时间、临床作用时间、恢复指数和术毕2 h内严重呼吸系统并发症发生情况。结果与non-PD组比较,PD组DURTOF 90%和临床作用时间均显著延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组患者的起效时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PD患者的罗库溴铵DURTOF 90%与病程相关,病程越长,DURTOF 90%越长。2组患者术后均无严重呼吸系统并发症发生。结论PD患者应用罗库溴铵的DURTOF 90%和临床作用时间明显延长,且DURTOF 90%与病程呈正相关。

不同粗糙度煤岩界面超低摩擦效应与声发射特征试验研究

为了揭示动载扰动作用下煤岩界面粗糙度对超低摩擦型冲击地压影响机制,采用自行研制的煤岩界面超低摩擦试验装置,以沈阳红阳三矿1082 m采深煤岩体为研究对象,通过改变煤块与砂岩块体表面粗糙度来模拟煤岩界面不同粗糙特性,以粗糙度系数表征煤岩界面粗糙程度,工作块体水平位移表征冲击过程中超低摩擦效应强度,声发射能量为工作块体摩擦滑动过程中的信号参数,进行应力波扰动下不同粗糙度煤岩界面超低摩擦试验.研究结果表明:(1)超低摩擦滑动过程中,工作块体水平位移、声发射能量计数以及累计能量曲线呈现出孕育阶段、激发阶段、稳定阶段变化特征;(2)煤岩界面粗糙度越小,工作块体水平位移和声发射能量峰值越大,煤岩界面越易发生超低摩擦效应;(3)不同煤岩界面粗糙度下,相比于其他扰动频率, 2 Hz时更易发生超低摩擦效应;(4)给出了声发射能量峰值与煤岩界面粗糙度系数对应关系.声发射能量峰值可以有效表征超低摩擦效应强度,可以用声发射能量峰值预测超低摩擦效应强度.

开腹子宫切除术中QLB-LSAL与双侧TAPB阻滞麻醉镇痛效果比较

目的:分析超声引导下外侧弓状韧带上腰方肌前路阻滞(QLB-LSAL)与双侧腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)在开腹子宫切除术(TAH)中的麻醉效果。方法:选取2022年1月-2023年1月本院择期行TAH患者95例,根据入院顺序按单双号分为48例QLB-LSAL组(超声引导下行双侧QLB-LSAL)和47例TAPB组(超声引导下行双侧TAPB),比较两组入室(T0)、切皮时(T1)、手术结束时(T2)、拔管时(T3)及离开麻醉恢复室时(T4)的心率(HR)及平均动脉压(MAP),比较术后48h舒芬太尼消耗量、补救镇痛例数及术后48h内镇痛泵按压次数,比较术后4h、8h、12h、24h静息及咳嗽时视觉疼痛模拟评分(VAS),统计两组术后不良反应和神经阻滞并发症发生情况。结果:两组MAP及HR均呈先上升后降低趋势,且QLB-LSAL组在T1和T2时低于TAPB组(P<0.05);QLB-LSAL组术后48h舒芬太尼消耗量(69.45±4.20μg)、补救镇痛(6.3%)及术后48h内镇痛泵按压(10.5±2.3次)均低于TAPB组(73.15±4.35μg、21.3%、12.2±4.4次)(均P<0.05);两组术后静息及咳嗽时VAS评分均呈降低趋势(P<0.05),两组术后4h、8h评分无差异(P>0.05),术后12h、24h静息及咳嗽时评分QLB-LSAL组低于TAPB组(均P<0.05);两组不良反应(6.3%、4.3%)无差异(P>0.05),两组均无神经阻滞情况发生。结论:相比于双侧TAPB阻滞,超声引导下QLB-LSAL阻滞在TAH中镇痛效果更佳,能有效降低镇痛药物使用剂量,减轻受术患者的疼痛应激反应。

槽式太阳能阵列挡风增速效果数值模拟

采用开源计算流体力学软件OpenFOAM中的Simple求解器对流场进行数值模拟,研究5.00 m/s风速下槽式太阳能阵列挡风墙挡风效果。对由槽式太阳能阵列组成的6个不同高度的挡风墙对整体流场速度的影响以及不同高度挡风墙背风侧30,60,90 m处的速度进行了分析。研究发现,当气流通过挡风墙时,低于墙高的位置速度大幅衰减,而高于墙高的位置开始加速,存在明显的分区作用。当气流流过挡风墙后,会在其后形成明显的速度衰减区,其面积和延伸与挡风墙的高度正相关。在挡风墙背风侧较远处,高于墙高的气流开始减速,低于墙高的气流开始加速,并随着距离的增加风速逐渐趋于平稳。

0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的有效容量探讨

目的探索0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的半数有效容量和95%有效容量。方法选择29例行择期颈部手术的患者,均在超声引导下进行0.25%罗哌卡因颈中间丛阻滞,若颈丛分支所属皮区痛觉均消失,则视为完全阻滞(完全阻滞组,14例),否则视为不完全阻滞(不完全阻滞组,15例)。记录阻滞效果,分析0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的有效容量;比较完全阻滞组和不完全阻滞组患者的一般特征、罗哌卡因阻滞容量、并发症发生情况及阻滞前后深吸气膈肌移动度。结果0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的半数有效容量为10.3 ml[95%可信区间(CI)=(7.7,13.5)ml],95%有效容量为15.6 ml[95%CI=(12.8,44.0)ml]。完全阻滞组和不完全阻滞组年龄、性别、美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级、身高、体重及体质量指数(BMI)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。完全阻滞组用罗哌卡因容量(11.1±2.0)ml显著高于不完全阻滞组的(9.2±2.0)ml,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不完全阻滞组与完全阻滞组阻滞前深吸气膈肌移动度分别为(4.17±0.87)、(4.09±0.85)cm,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不完全阻滞组与完全阻滞组阻滞后深吸气膈肌移动度分别为(4.09±0.85)、(3.99±0.70)cm,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。完全阻滞组1例患者发生声音嘶哑,其给药容量为14 ml;其余所有患者均未发生膈神经阻滞、迷走神经阻滞、局部麻醉药物中毒、Horner征或低氧血症等情况。结论0.25%罗哌卡因用于超声引导颈中间丛阻滞的半数有效容量为10.3 ml[95%CI=(7.7,13.5)ml],95%有效容量为15.6 ml[95%CI=(12.8,44.0)ml]。

星状神经节阻滞用于慢性主观性耳鸣困扰的辅助干预效果及预测指标初析

【目的】探讨星状神经节阻滞(SGB)用于慢性主观性耳鸣困扰的辅助干预效果,及相应的预测指标,为SGB应用于耳鸣的临床干预累积经验。【方法】回顾因其他干预方案效果不理想而在中山大学附属第三医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科接受SGB干预的慢性主观性耳鸣患者资料。SGB干预前进行耳鸣残疾量表(THI)评估、纯音听阈测试、耳鸣响度评估,部分患者接受了睡眠质量(PSQI)评估。SGB干预后复测THI,以评价SGB的干预效果。随后,通过相关分析及线性回归方程探寻预测SGB干预效果的潜在指标。数据的统计分析采用SPSS 24.0进行,P<0.05表示存在统计学意义。【结果】至2023年04月,共有107名慢性主观性耳鸣患者接受了SGB干预,其中男性患者67名,女性患者40名,平均(45.32±11.40)周岁,耳鸣持续(20.32±24.64)月[16(12~20)]。有7名患者因个人原因中途退组,退组率6.54%,干预依从性良好。所有患者均未出现穿刺部位感染、血肿、神经损伤、局麻药中毒等不良反应,安全性良好。SGB干预后,有77名患者的THI得分下降至36分及以下,剩余的患者中有12名的THI得分下降幅度达到10分及以上,有效率为89%;配对样本t检验显示,SGB干预前后的THI得分有显著的统计学差异(t=15.575,P<0.001),干预效果良好。皮尔逊相关分析显示,干预前的THI得分和耳鸣主观响度与THI的改善水平呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05);进一步的逐步线性回归分析发现,“干预前THI得分”具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.001),回归系数为0.308,预测了THI改善水平的17.4%。【结论】SGB干预慢性主观性耳鸣困扰的短期效果良好、安全性高,可用于常规干预方案不理想时(尤其是THI得分较高患者)的补充方案,但后续研究需要明确长期疗效及内在机制,为SGB应用于主观性耳鸣的干预奠定更为扎实的理论基础。

管漏产生的渗流水受挡水效应后对产生渗蚀的影响

为研究水力管线渗漏渗蚀产生的流动效应受地下构筑物阻挡后对形成渗蚀的影响,在流固双向耦合原理基础上,用离散单元法模拟管线渗漏流经地下构筑物的过程。用PFC模拟渗流水与地下构筑物相接触时产生的绕流现象,用Fluid Dynamics Simulation模拟绕流的完整过程。结果表明:渗流水在流经地下构筑物时会产生绕流现象;相同条件下渗流水流经构筑物时绕流速度不同,圆形构筑物的绕流速度最大,长方形构筑物的绕流速度最小;地下构筑物对渗流的阻挡效应强弱与构筑物的挡水宽度成正比,长方形构筑物的挡水效应最优,圆形构筑物的挡水效应最差。

青藏高原1990年以来的M_W≥6.5强震事件及活动构造体系控震效应

深入认识青藏高原陆陆碰撞-挤出构造体系作用下的强震活动特点及未来强震活动趋势,对于区域防震减灾具有重要科学意义。统计分析青藏高原及邻区1900年以来的M≥6.0强震活动发现,青藏高原自1950年西藏墨脱—察隅8.6级大地震以来正处于新一轮相对缓慢的地震能释放期,但1990年以来的强震发生率和地震释放能显示出逐步增高趋势,并可能预示下一轮地震能快速释放期的临近。活动构造体系控震分析表明,青藏高原陆陆碰撞-挤出构造体系中的“多层次挤出-旋转活动构造体系”构成了1990年以来新一轮M_W≥6.5强震活动的主要控震构造,尤其是其中的巴颜喀拉挤出构造单元的强震活动最为显著,指示其目前正处于构造活跃状态,而且这一状态可能仍将持续。综合研究认为,在区域强震活动趋势分析中,充分认识活动构造体系控震效应,将有助于更好地分析判断区域未来强震时空迁移过程及最可能出现的构造部位。考虑到当前强震活动过程中,青藏高原“多层次挤出-旋转活动构造体系”的未来强震活动趋势仍会持续,需要重点关注挤出块体边界上3条大型左旋走滑断裂带,阿尔金—祁连—海原断裂系、东昆仑断裂带和鲜水河—小江断裂带的未来强震危险性,其次是断块内部断裂。

竖脊肌平面阻滞在老年胸腔镜肺叶切除术患者中的应用效果

目的分析竖脊肌平面阻滞在老年胸腔镜肺叶切除术中的应用效果。方法选取2021年2月—2023年3月胜利油田中心医院行胸腔镜肺叶切除术的98例患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,每组49例。研究组给予竖脊肌平面阻滞联合无阿片类药物全身麻醉,对照组给予阿片类全身麻醉。比较两组T_(0)(麻醉诱导前)、T_(1)(气管插管时)、T_(2)(切皮时)、T_(3)(手术结束)的平均动脉压、心率,对比两组手术情况、术后疼痛、苏醒期间躁动情况及药物不良反应情况。结果两组T_(0)、T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)的平均动脉压比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的平均动脉压比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)两组平均动脉压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)两组平均动脉压的变化趋势比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组T_(0)、T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)时刻心率比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的心率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)两组心率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)两组心率的变化趋势比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组术后苏醒时间、拔管时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后4、12、24和48 h的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)比较,结果:(1)不同时间点的VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)两组VAS评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),研究组低于对照组,相对镇痛效果较好;(3)两组VAS评分的变化趋势比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组苏醒期躁动发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论竖脊肌平面阻滞用于老年胸腔镜肺叶切除术安全可行,可避免使用阿片类药物,并可减轻术后疼痛,降低苏醒期躁动发生风险,减少围手术期不良反应,有利于患者快速康复。

胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者中的应用效果

目的探讨胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉在胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者中的应用效果。方法根据麻醉方法的不同将65例胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者分为全麻组(n=31,单纯全身麻醉)和联合组(n=34,胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉)。比较两组患者的疼痛情况[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、术后24 h镇痛泵按压次数]、瑞芬太尼用量、苏醒进程指标、应激反应指标[去甲肾上腺素(NE)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)]及术后并发症发生情况。结果术后2、6、12、24 h,联合组患者VAS评分均明显低于全麻组(P﹤0.01);联合组患者术后24 h镇痛泵按压次数明显少于全麻组(P﹤0.01)。联合组患者瑞芬太尼用量明显少于全麻组,苏醒时间和自主呼吸恢复时间均明显短于全麻组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。术后,两组患者NE、MDA水平均高于本组术前,SOD水平均低于本组术前,联合组患者NE、MDA水平均低于全麻组,SOD水平高于全麻组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。联合组患者术后并发症总发生率低于全麻组(P﹤0.05)。结论胸椎旁神经阻滞联合全身麻醉应用于胸腔镜肺癌根治术患者,不仅能够减轻疼痛程度和应激反应程度,还能够减少阿片类药物用量,降低并发症发生率。

超声引导下TAP阻滞对妇科腹腔镜手术患者麻醉效果及术后镇痛的影响

目的 探讨超声引导下TAP阻滞技术应用于妇科腹腔镜手术的麻醉效果及在术后镇痛方面的优势。方法 选取100例腹腔镜手术患者,根据随机数字表法将患者分为两组,每组50例。对照组应用常规静脉镇痛干预,试验组采用超声引导下TAP阻滞麻醉。比较两组患者心率、血压水平、手术麻醉效果、术后疼痛评分与镇痛状况。结果 试验组患者心率、血压水平、手术麻醉效果及术后疼痛评分与镇痛状况均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 超声引导下TAP阻滞可用于腹腔镜手术,对妇科疾病的手术治疗有着较为突出的麻醉作用,值得临床推广与应用。

不同浓度罗哌卡因用于超声引导下TAP阻滞在妇科手术中的镇痛效果及安全性

目的:探讨不同浓度罗哌卡因用于超声引导下腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞在妇科手术中的临床效果。方法:将2021年4月-2023年4月于本院行全身麻醉下腹腔镜子宫全切术患者105例,依据双盲法分为3组,分别给予0.25%、0.30%、0.375%罗哌卡因。对比各组手术相关指标,不同时间点患者疼痛和舒适度评分变化,麻醉前后患者炎症因子水平,术后24h不良反应。结果:3组麻醉时间、术中出血量、手术时间均无差异(P>0.05);与术后1h对比,术后24h各组视觉模拟评分(VAS)均下降,Bruggrmann舒适度评分(BCS)均提升,但0.375%组VAS评分(1.56±0.51分)低于0.25%组(2.69±1.02分)、0.30%组(2.35±0.68分),BCS评分(3.24±0.54分)高于0.25%组(2.23±0.39分)、0.30%组(2.59±0.41分)(P<0.05);麻醉后各组C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平均提升,但0.375%组CRP(21.36±4.26 mg/L)、TNF-α(70.13±7.16 pg/ml)水平低于0.25%组(28.98±5.62 mg/L、96.54±8.97 pg/ml)、0.30%组(24.69±4.87 mg/L、84.33±7.62 pg/ml),不良反应发生率0.375%组(8.6%)低于0.25%组(40.0%)、0.30%组(31.4%)(均P<0.05)。结论:0.375%浓度罗哌卡因在超声引导下妇科TAP阻滞术中应用,改善患者疼痛效果显著,提升患者术后舒适度,有助于降低术后不良反应发生风险,提高用药安全性。