The Brillouin scattering spectrum has been used to investigate the properties of a liquid medium.Here,we propose an improved method based on the double-edge technique to obtain the Brillouin spectrum of a liquid.We ca...The Brillouin scattering spectrum has been used to investigate the properties of a liquid medium.Here,we propose an improved method based on the double-edge technique to obtain the Brillouin spectrum of a liquid.We calculated the transmission ratios and deduced the Brillouin shift and linewidth to construct the Brillouin spectrum by extracting the Brillouin edge signal through filtered double-edge data.We built a detection system to test the performance of this method and measured the Brillouin spectrum for distilled water at different temperatures and compared it with the theoretical prediction.The observed difference between the experimental and theoretical values for Brillouin shift and linewidth is less than 4.3 MHz and 3.2 MHz,respectively.Moreover,based on the double-edge technique,the accuracy of the extracted temperatures and salinity is approximately 0.1°C and 0.5‰,respectively,indicating significant potential for application in water detection and oceanography.展开更多
The dependence of Brillouin gain spectrum(BGS)characteristics,including the Brillouin frequency shift(BFS)and the BGS bandwidth,on germanium concentration in large-mode-area Ge-doped passive fibers is investigated the...The dependence of Brillouin gain spectrum(BGS)characteristics,including the Brillouin frequency shift(BFS)and the BGS bandwidth,on germanium concentration in large-mode-area Ge-doped passive fibers is investigated theoretically and experimentally.The simulation results show that the BFS is inversely proportional to GeO_(2)concentration,and the BGS bandwidth initially increases with the augment of GeO_(2)concentration,and then decreases.The BGSs of four fibers with core diameters of 10μm and 20μm for different GeO_(2)concentrations are compared experimentally.Experimental results demonstrate that with the same core diameter,the variations of BFS and BGS bandwidths with GeO_(2)concentration accord with the simulation results.Additionally,the BGS characteristics of three large-mode-area passive fibers with diameters of 10μm,25μm,and 30μm are measured,which confirm that the increasing of the fiber diameters will cause the BGS bandwidth to broaden.We believe that these results can provide valuable references for modulating the high-power narrowlinewidth fiber lasers and Brillouin fiber amplifiers.展开更多
A theoretical model for calculating spontaneous and stimulated Brillouin scattering（SBS） spectra is described. An empirical formula for the Stokes output spectral linewidth, a function of spontaneous Brillouin linew...A theoretical model for calculating spontaneous and stimulated Brillouin scattering（SBS） spectra is described. An empirical formula for the Stokes output spectral linewidth, a function of spontaneous Brillouin linewidth and the exponential gain coefficient, is obtained by the calculated data fitting. The formula holds true for two cases involving pump undepletion and depletion. The lineshape change from spontaneous to highly pump-depleted SBS spectra is also investigated. The result shows that for the pump power below the SBS threshold, the Stokes output spectral lincshape evolves from Lorentzian to approximately Gaussian as the pump power increases. For the pump power near or beyond the threshold, the SBS spectrum is in the form of a steady Gaussian profile, and the spectral linewidth comes to a certain value about 7 times narrower than the spontaneous one. The theoretical results are experimentally demonstrated by using several common liquid media.展开更多
A new hybrid optimization method based on genetic algorithm(GA)and seeker optimization algorithm(SOA)is presented in this paper.The hybrid algorithm optimizes SOA by using crossover and mutation operations in GA in or...A new hybrid optimization method based on genetic algorithm(GA)and seeker optimization algorithm(SOA)is presented in this paper.The hybrid algorithm optimizes SOA by using crossover and mutation operations in GA in order to improve the global search ability of SOA.Four algorithms,i.e.particle swarm optimization(PSO),SOA,GA and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization(GA-QPSO)and GA-SOA are used to process the simulation and experimental data of Brillouin scattering spectrum(BSS)at different temperatures.The results show that GA-SOA improves the accuracy of extracting the center frequency shift and the minimum center frequency of Brillouin scattering spectrum compared with other three algorithms.The shift error is 0.203 MHz.Therefore,GA-SOA can be applied to the accurate extraction of BSS characteristics.展开更多
Using a pump with a multi-line spectrum to broaden the Brillouin gain bandwidth is an effective way to achieve lowdistortion amplification with high gain. Here, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the gene...Using a pump with a multi-line spectrum to broaden the Brillouin gain bandwidth is an effective way to achieve lowdistortion amplification with high gain. Here, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the generation of a broadband Brillouin gain spectrum based on multi-frequency intensity modulation in an optical fiber. The arbitrary bandwidth of the Brillouin gain spectrum of stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) can be obtained as expected. In our experiment, a broadband Brillouin gain spectrum with a bandwidth of about 200 MHz is demonstrated. We also achieve a low-distortion amplification of a weak signal, whose maximum magnification is 65 d B for a-68-dBm input power signal.展开更多
从受激布里渊散射耦合波导方程出发建立了多模光纤布里渊频移、泵浦波、斯托克斯波和声波场理论模型,分析对比了多模光纤与单模光纤布里渊散射谱的频移、增益、线宽和受激布里渊散射阈值,并进一步分析了光纤长度、衰减系数、数值孔径对...从受激布里渊散射耦合波导方程出发建立了多模光纤布里渊频移、泵浦波、斯托克斯波和声波场理论模型,分析对比了多模光纤与单模光纤布里渊散射谱的频移、增益、线宽和受激布里渊散射阈值,并进一步分析了光纤长度、衰减系数、数值孔径对多模光纤受激布里渊散射阈值的影响。结果表明,多模光纤多个模式布里渊散射谱叠加造成其总的布里渊散射谱展宽,不再满足洛伦兹分布,其线宽增加至原来数倍、峰值增益和频移降低;渐变折射率多模光纤SBS阈值一般在80 m W以上,远大于单模光纤;纤芯直径相同时,相比于阶跃折射率多模光纤,数值孔径对渐变折射率多模光纤SBS阈值的影响较大,后者更易发生受激布里渊散射效应。理论计算与已报道测量结果的比较验证了理论分析的正确性。文中研究为建立基于多模光纤的布里渊散射分布式传感系统奠定了理论基础。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62175072, No. 62175072 and No. 12074209)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics (Grant No. KF202008)support from International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program (Talent-Introduction Program)。
文摘The Brillouin scattering spectrum has been used to investigate the properties of a liquid medium.Here,we propose an improved method based on the double-edge technique to obtain the Brillouin spectrum of a liquid.We calculated the transmission ratios and deduced the Brillouin shift and linewidth to construct the Brillouin spectrum by extracting the Brillouin edge signal through filtered double-edge data.We built a detection system to test the performance of this method and measured the Brillouin spectrum for distilled water at different temperatures and compared it with the theoretical prediction.The observed difference between the experimental and theoretical values for Brillouin shift and linewidth is less than 4.3 MHz and 3.2 MHz,respectively.Moreover,based on the double-edge technique,the accuracy of the extracted temperatures and salinity is approximately 0.1°C and 0.5‰,respectively,indicating significant potential for application in water detection and oceanography.
基金Project supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2018B090904001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61805261,61405202,and 61705243)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2020252)。
文摘The dependence of Brillouin gain spectrum(BGS)characteristics,including the Brillouin frequency shift(BFS)and the BGS bandwidth,on germanium concentration in large-mode-area Ge-doped passive fibers is investigated theoretically and experimentally.The simulation results show that the BFS is inversely proportional to GeO_(2)concentration,and the BGS bandwidth initially increases with the augment of GeO_(2)concentration,and then decreases.The BGSs of four fibers with core diameters of 10μm and 20μm for different GeO_(2)concentrations are compared experimentally.Experimental results demonstrate that with the same core diameter,the variations of BFS and BGS bandwidths with GeO_(2)concentration accord with the simulation results.Additionally,the BGS characteristics of three large-mode-area passive fibers with diameters of 10μm,25μm,and 30μm are measured,which confirm that the increasing of the fiber diameters will cause the BGS bandwidth to broaden.We believe that these results can provide valuable references for modulating the high-power narrowlinewidth fiber lasers and Brillouin fiber amplifiers.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 60778019)the Program of Excellent Teamin Harbin Institute of Technology, Chinathe Program of Science and Technology of Education the Bureau of Heilongjiang Province, China (Grant No 11521048)
文摘A theoretical model for calculating spontaneous and stimulated Brillouin scattering（SBS） spectra is described. An empirical formula for the Stokes output spectral linewidth, a function of spontaneous Brillouin linewidth and the exponential gain coefficient, is obtained by the calculated data fitting. The formula holds true for two cases involving pump undepletion and depletion. The lineshape change from spontaneous to highly pump-depleted SBS spectra is also investigated. The result shows that for the pump power below the SBS threshold, the Stokes output spectral lincshape evolves from Lorentzian to approximately Gaussian as the pump power increases. For the pump power near or beyond the threshold, the SBS spectrum is in the form of a steady Gaussian profile, and the spectral linewidth comes to a certain value about 7 times narrower than the spontaneous one. The theoretical results are experimentally demonstrated by using several common liquid media.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11673040,61675176,51675461)‘Xinrui Gongcheng’ Talent Project of Yanshan University of Chinathe China Scholarship Council(No.201708130010)
文摘A new hybrid optimization method based on genetic algorithm(GA)and seeker optimization algorithm(SOA)is presented in this paper.The hybrid algorithm optimizes SOA by using crossover and mutation operations in GA in order to improve the global search ability of SOA.Four algorithms,i.e.particle swarm optimization(PSO),SOA,GA and quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization(GA-QPSO)and GA-SOA are used to process the simulation and experimental data of Brillouin scattering spectrum(BSS)at different temperatures.The results show that GA-SOA improves the accuracy of extracting the center frequency shift and the minimum center frequency of Brillouin scattering spectrum compared with other three algorithms.The shift error is 0.203 MHz.Therefore,GA-SOA can be applied to the accurate extraction of BSS characteristics.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61605034)
文摘Using a pump with a multi-line spectrum to broaden the Brillouin gain bandwidth is an effective way to achieve lowdistortion amplification with high gain. Here, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the generation of a broadband Brillouin gain spectrum based on multi-frequency intensity modulation in an optical fiber. The arbitrary bandwidth of the Brillouin gain spectrum of stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) can be obtained as expected. In our experiment, a broadband Brillouin gain spectrum with a bandwidth of about 200 MHz is demonstrated. We also achieve a low-distortion amplification of a weak signal, whose maximum magnification is 65 d B for a-68-dBm input power signal.
文摘从受激布里渊散射耦合波导方程出发建立了多模光纤布里渊频移、泵浦波、斯托克斯波和声波场理论模型,分析对比了多模光纤与单模光纤布里渊散射谱的频移、增益、线宽和受激布里渊散射阈值,并进一步分析了光纤长度、衰减系数、数值孔径对多模光纤受激布里渊散射阈值的影响。结果表明,多模光纤多个模式布里渊散射谱叠加造成其总的布里渊散射谱展宽,不再满足洛伦兹分布,其线宽增加至原来数倍、峰值增益和频移降低;渐变折射率多模光纤SBS阈值一般在80 m W以上,远大于单模光纤;纤芯直径相同时,相比于阶跃折射率多模光纤,数值孔径对渐变折射率多模光纤SBS阈值的影响较大,后者更易发生受激布里渊散射效应。理论计算与已报道测量结果的比较验证了理论分析的正确性。文中研究为建立基于多模光纤的布里渊散射分布式传感系统奠定了理论基础。
