Radial Tire Construction Design Method Based on Finite Element Simulation

The simulation of 295/80R22. 5 tire building process from tire building to curing was developed using ABAQUS software,which covered four stages: gluing of components on main drum,gluing of components on auxiliary drum,building process of green tire and shaping process of green tire. Results showed that material distribution of the simulated structure had good consistence with the real tire structure. Therefore,the tire building process simulation can be used to judge the rationality of tire construction design and to determine the shapes of different tire components. In order to optimize the construction design,a reverse simulation method was proposed to design the semi-product components such as apex,tread,and shoulder pad. The semi-product components determined by utilizing the reverse simulation method were assembled again into a tire. Results show that the simulated material distribution is consistent with the material distribution of design tire,which proves effectiveness and reliability of the reverse simulation method.

Design and Construction of The Great-West Dyke in Lianyungang Port

The The Great-West Dyke with a length of 6.7 km, the largest sea wall in China, was completed in June, 1994. This paper introduces structure options of nibble mound sea wall on soft foundation and a new type of armour block-hexagon multihole block (HMB) and a new method of treatment for soft foundation by using underwater explosion. Construction practice of some projects in China shows that by using this method good effect of treatment and marked economic benefit can be achieved by using this method.

Design and Construction of the Power Plant Multi-flue Chimneys in East China Area

This paper mainly introduces the designand construction of the multi-flue chimneysof Beilungang Power Plant, ShidongkouSecond Power Plant and Waigaoqiao PowerPlant which have been used in East Chinaarea. This paper contains the generalsituation of construction, material selection,lifting scheme of steel inner flue, designfeatures and construction method. It could bereferential to concerned design andconstruction companies.

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF A 6-AXIS FORCE TRANSDUCER BASED ON STEWART PLATFORM RELATED TO SENSITIVITY ISOTROPY

The design method of a 6-axis force robot's transducer based on the Stewartplatform is detailed. For this purpose, the sensitivity isotropy evaluation criteria of thetransducer are defined, and by the aid of computer, the relationships between the criteria and theparameters of all the transducers based on the Stewart platform are investigated within thegeometric model of the solution space, which can provide the theoretical background for the optimalconstruction design of the 6-axis force transducer related to the sensitivity isotropy.

Towards digital architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)industry through virtual design and construction(VDC)and digital twin

The architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)industry is undergoing a substantial change,and the tech-nological advancements are shaping the future of this industry.Over years,numerous tools have been developed based on building information modeling(BIM)and the Internet of Things(IoT)to manage a variety of tasks and activities within different construction and operational phases in the AEC industry.Recently,with the advent of novel internet-enabled technologies in providing the ability of real-time connectivity,researchers have started to develop virtual design and construction(VDC)and digital twin approaches to remotely monitor,control,and optimize different work progresses and activities in real-time at any work level in the AEC industry.This paper presents a reference model to illustrates the main advantages and applications of VDC and digital twin,and to demonstrate their trends and anticipated cost savings in the AEC industry at a global level.These technological advancements along with augmented reality(AR)and virtual reality(VR)can offer the unique benefit of real-time monitoring of the current status as well as predicting the future of any physical structure at any level of work.The global demand and usage of these technological advancements will lead to great cost savings in the AEC industry which would be US$950 million in design and construction and US$400 million in operation and maintenance phases in the non-residential AEC industry in 2025.This paper also discusses the future challenges of VDC and digital twin in the industry.As a main line of future research,these technologies can simultaneously be utilized with artificial intelligence to enable human-centered decision making to automate and optimize work progresses.Such integrations of VDC,digital twin,artificial intelligence,and human-centered approaches will shape the future of the AEC industry and provide numerous research opportunities in this domain.

建设创客课程:“创课”的内涵、特征及设计框架

创客课程是创客教育生态的重要组成部分,是推进我国创客教育"落地"的重要抓手;同时,也是新课程改革的重要方向和推进动力。当前,国内创客教育研究者和实践者对创客课程缺乏清晰的认识,阻碍了我国创客教育的顺利开展。创课,特指服务于创客教育的创客课程,是一种有别于传统学科课程的新型课程,具有整合性、研创性、协同性等核心特征。而创客思维既是一种技能也是一种思维倾向,强调创新、创造,鼓励冒险尝试、勇于探究,注重知识的整合性运用,倡导问题意识和批判性反思。创课资源的建设,一方面需要应用创客思维对传统课程进行创客式改造;另一方面应在体验式学习理论和建造主义理论指导下,遵循趣味化、立体化、模块化和项目化这四大理念,按照创课内容体系建构、创课项目设计、创课活动设计、创课评价设计这四个环节,设计全新的创客课程。

《计算机组装与维护》课程教学的探索

高职教育的目的是培养合格的技能应用型人才。计算机的组装与维护作为计算机的一门实用技术,在现代社会发展中已经显示出其重要性。在设计课程教学时,要激发学生的学习兴趣,强调学生是认知的主体,使学生对知识形成深刻的理解,并学会将所学的知识应用实际问题中去。

把脉以“学”为中心的教学设计

以"学"为中心的教学设计有利于学生的主动探索、主动发现,有利于创新性人才的培养。但这种教学设计也存在夸大适用范围,缺乏系统的方法,在具体开发上没有统一的规范和可参照的体系等问题。在教学中具体可能遇到的障碍也是不可忽视的,如学生的学习特征、教师的教学惯性等。

建构主义学习理论在职校《程序设计》课程中的应用

建构主义学习在职校程序设计课程中的应用,是以程序设计知识的学习作为载体,把建构主义学习作为新的教学理念渗透到程序设计教学中去的过程。作为信息时代的教师应该把握好在建构主义教学中的角色,不断总结经验。积极探索职校程序设计课程教学的更有效的途径和方法,让学生可以更加自主和高效的学习。

建构主义学习理论与素质教育中的课堂教学设计原则

本文从传统教育和现代教育的争论入手,阐述了超越传统教育和现代教育而形成的建构主义学习理论的基本观点:1、对学习活动本质的理解;2、对学习者的理解;3、对教育者的理解.论述了建构主义学习理论与素质教育的内在一致性和同一性,进而提出以建构主义学习理论为指导设计素质教育中课堂教学的原则是:1、强调'教师主导,学生主体'的观念;2、强调'建构'的作用;3、强调'情境'的作用;4、强调'合作'的作用.

基于建构主义的信息技术与数学课程整合实例

根据建构主义学习理论的基本观点 ,结合信息技术、网络教学环境提供的物质支持 ,就如何在数学教学中设计以建构主义学习理论为基础的信息技术网络教学模式进行探讨。

Materials-oriented integrated design and construction of structures in civil engineering—A review

Design is a goal-oriented planning activity for creating products,processes,and systems with desired functions through specifications.It is a decision-making exploration:the design outcome may vary greatly depending on the designer’s knowledge and philosophy.Integrated design is one type of design philosophy that takes an interdisciplinary and holistic approach.In civil engineering,structural design is such an activity for creating buildings and infrastructures.Recently,structural design in many countries has emphasized a performance-based philosophy that simultaneously considers a structure’s safety,durability,serviceability,and sustainability.Consequently,integrated design in civil engineering has become more popular,useful,and important.Material-oriented integrated design and construction of structures(MIDCS)combine materials engineering and structural engineering in the design stage:it fully utilizes the strengths of materials by selecting the most suitable structural forms and construction methodologies.This paper will explore real-world examples of MIDCS,including the realization of MIDCS in timber seismic-resistant structures,masonry arch structures,long-span steel bridges,prefabricated/on-site extruded light-weight steel structures,fiber-reinforced cementitious composites structures,and fiber-reinforced polymer bridge decks.Additionally,advanced material design methods such as bioinspired design and structure construction technology of additive manufacturing are briefly reviewed and discussed to demonstrate how MIDCS can combine materials and structures.A unified strengthdurability design theory is also introduced,which is a human-centric,interdisciplinary,and holistic approach to the description and development of any civil infrastructure and includes all processes directly involved in the life cycle of the infrastructure.Finally,this paper lays out future research directions for further development in the field.

皮亚杰理论在开放教育《计算机数学》课堂中的应用

在现代远程开放教育形式下,如何进行教学设计是发挥教师指导作用的关键,本文利用皮亚杰建构主义理论 对《计算机数学》中的一个单元进行教学设计和分析,从而对学生“自主学习”情况下教师面授课该怎样上进行探讨,并由 此引发一些思考。

A Direct Toolpath Constructive Design Method for Controllable Porous Structure Configuration with a TSP-based Sequence Planning Determination

The inherent capabilities of additive manufacturing(AM)to fabricate porous lattice structures with controllable structural and functional properties have raised interest in the design methods for the production of extremely in-tricate internal geometries.Current popular methods of porous lattice structure design still follow the traditional flow,which mainly consists of computer-aided design(CAD)model construction,STereoLithography(STL)model conversion,slicing model acquisition,and toolpath configuration,which causes a loss of accuracy and manufac-turability uncertainty in AM preparation stages.Moreover,toolpath configuration relies on a knowledge-based approach summarized by expert systems.In this process,geometrical construction information is always ignored when a CAD model is created or constructed.To fully use this geometrical information,avoid accuracy loss and ensure qualified manufacturability of porous lattice structures,this paper proposes a novel toolpath-based con-structive design method to directly generate toolpath printing file of parametric and controllable porous lattice structures to facilitate model data exchange during the AM preparation stages.To optimize the laser jumping route between lattice cells,we use a hybrid travelling salesman problem(TSP)solver to determine the laser jumping points on contour scans.Four kinds of laser jumping orders are calculated and compared to select a minimal laser jumping route for sequence planning inside lattice cells.Hence,the proposed method can achieve high-precision lattice printing and avoid computational consumption in model conversion stages from a geomet-rical view.The optical metallographic images show that the shape accuracy of lattice patterns can be guaranteed.The existence of“grain boundaries”brought about by the multi-contour scanning strategy may lead to different mechanical properties.

Performance Comparisons of Five Different SPF Mouse Transport Containers

[Objectives]This study aimed at providing gist for selecting qualified transport containers by comparing the performance of common SPF mouse transport containers at home and abroad,and laying a foundation for subsequent improvement of transport containers.[Methods]In this study,5 different transport containers were selected,and their microbial filtration performance,ventilation,sterilization method and flux,and other related design and construction were analyzed.[Results]The results showed all 5 SPF mouse transport containers can provide enough air for the survival of mouse and protect them from bacterial infections.Transport container B and D are superior to others on one-time sterilization flux and deformation degree after autoclaving.Furthermore,taking into account the related design and construction of these transport containers,such as viewing window and carrying handle,the result of comprehensive comparison is that the transport container D>A>E>C>B.[Conclusions]In summary,the 5 SPF transport containers tested in this study can all satisfy the basic demand of SPF mouse transportation,but each transport container has its own advantages and disadvantages on storage space,deformation degree after autoclaving and other aspects.Thus,SPF mouse transport containers should be selected by different demand.

HISTORICAL PROCEDURES AND G-DSG METHOD BASED MANUFACTURING PLANNING

Oriented to CAD/CAM seamless integration, this paper presents an idea for synthetically considering the qualitative history model, which represents the whole course of modeling, and the quantitative geometry model, which contains the extended Brep model, CSG and feature pedigree. History model building captures in background the dynamic interactive definition of engineering requirement and then explicitly conveys the original intention to successive application layers, which is conductive to the decision support of manufacturing planning in not only automatic geometry re constructing but also machining set up. G DSG theory as an earlier achievement is applied to generate the topology independent generalized mid model as an input to manufacturing planning, which is therefore simplified and its accuracy is simultaneously improved. Manufacturing planning lays emphasis on optimizing the mapping in both geometry and function from part itself to detail machining scheme. Comparatively, process planning pays more attention to the mapping to those items like tool, fixture, etc. Theoretically, such an idea is also beneficial to realizing the parametric NC machining trajectory generation and maintaining its dynamic consistency with the update of the design model.[WT5”HZ]

《金工》多媒体CAI课件的设计及制作

介绍了在认知—建构主义学习理论指导下,利用VB设计及制作《金工》多媒体CAI课件。

General review of National Digital Library development in the National Library of China

As an important part of National Digital Library(NDL),the National Digital Library Project(NDLP),which was launched in 2005,has attracted wide attention of the society in general.This paper introduces the general situation of the project from the following aspects,namely,the characteristics,objectives and contents.It also expounds on the basic ideas and the overall structure of the project and gives an introduction to the design of its basic platform,its application platform,its business management system and its standardization control system.In this paper,the digital resources construction and service delivery of the National Library of China(NLC)are introduced to cover both its present operation as well as those in conjunction with the opening of its new library building during its second-phase of library development.Finally,the most important and difficult point in the construction of the National Digital Library Project is analyzed from the following four perspectives:1)The long-term preservation of digital resources;2)the construction of knowledge organization system;3)the organic integration of the digital library and the traditional library;and 4)the risk of project management and system integration.

Full-field x ray nano-imaging system designed and constructed at SSRF

Full-field x ray nano-imaging（FXNI） is one of the most powerful tools for in-situ, non-destructive observation of the inner structure of samples at the nanoscale. Owing to the high flux density of the third-generation synchrotron radiation facility, great progress is achieved for FXNI and its applications. Up to now, a spatial resolution of20 nm for FXNI is achieved. Based on the user operation experiences over the years at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility（SSRF） x ray imaging beamline, we know lots of user experiments will rely on a large range of spatial resolutions and fields of view（FOVs）. In particular, x ray microscopes with a large FOV and a moderate spatial resolution of around 100 nm have a wide range of applications in many research fields. Driven by user requirements, a dedicated FXNI system is designed and constructed at the SSRF. This microscope is based on a beam shaper and a zone plate, with the optimized working energy range set to 8–10 ke V. The experimental test results by a Siemens star pattern demonstrate that a spatial resolution of 100 nm is achieved, while an FOV of50 μm is obtained.

COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR DIRECTED STRUCTURE TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION

To compensate for the imperfection of traditional bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization, material interpolation scheme and sensitivity filter functions are introduced. A suitable filter can overcome the checkerboard and mesh-dependency. And the historical information on accurate elemental sensitivity numbers are used to keep the objective function converging steadily. Apart from rational intervals of the relevant important parameters, the concept of distinguishing between active and non-active elements design is proposed, which can be widely used for improving the function and artistry of structures directly, especially for a one whose accurate size is not given. Furthermore, user-friendly software packages are developed to enhance its accessibility for practicing engineers and architects. And to reduce the time cost for large timeconsuming complex structure optimization, parallel computing is built-in in the MATLAB codes. The program is easy to use for engineers who may not be familiar with either FEA or structure optimization. And developers can make a deep research on the algorithm by changing the MATLAB codes. Several classical examples are given to show that the improved BESO method is superior for its handy and utility computer program software.