A Contrastive Analysis of English and Chinese Idioms About Color Words & Their Cultural Connotations

There are many idioms related to color words in English and Chinese.The use of color words in idioms adds beauty and vividness to the language.Due to the cultural differences,“color idioms”have gained different cultural connotations with the development of English and Chinese languages.It is of great significance to accurately understand and grasp the meanings and differences of color-related idioms in Chinese and English.This paper intends to analyze and expound the cultural connotations of English and Chinese idioms related to several widely used basic color words with the aim of helping English learners know and use the idioms about color words better.

A Brief Analysis of Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis

This paper makes a brief analysis on the contrastive analysis hypothesis, and it is hoped to be helpful for the English teachers.

Contrastive analysis and crashworthiness optimization of two composite thin-walled structures

For the safety protection of passengers when train crashes occur, special structures are crucially needed as a kind of indispensable energy absorbing device. With the help of the structures, crash kinetic-energy can be completely absorbed or dissipated for the aim of safety. Two composite structures(circumscribed circle structure and inscribed circle structure) were constructed. In addition, comparison and optimization of the crashworthy characteristic of the two structures were carried out based on the method of explicit finite element analysis(FEA) and Kriging surrogate model. According to the result of Kriging surrogate model, conclusions can be safely drawn that the specific energy absorption(SEA) and ratio of specific energy absorption to initial peak force(REAF) of circumscribed circle structure are lager than those of inscribed circle structure under the same design parameters. In other words, circumscribed circle structure has better performances with higher energy-absorbing ability and lower initial peak force. Besides, error analysis was adopted and the result of which indicates that the Kriging surrogate model has high nonlinear fitting precision. What is more, the SEA and REAF optimum values of the two structures have been obtained through analysis, and the crushing results have been illustrated when the two structures reach optimum SEA and REAF.

Contrastive Analysis of the Observation Data of Pressure and Temperature in Qingxian Weather Station

[Objective] The research aimed to contrast parallel observation data of pressure and temperature in Qingxian station. [Method] By u- sing pressure and temperature observed by automatic station and artificial station in Qingxian from January of 2009 to December of 2010, compara- tive analysis of observation data was conducted, and formation reason of difference value was discussed. E Resultl Monthly average pressure differ- ence between automatic station and artificial observation value was from -0.7 to 0.1 hPa. Difference value of monthly average maximum pressure was from -0.5 to 0.4 hPa, while difference value of monthly average minimum pressure was from -0.7 to 0.2 hPa. Difference value of monthly extremely maximum pressure was from -0.3 to 0.6 hPa, while difference value of monthly extremely minimum pressure was from -1.1 to 0.1 hPa. Monthly average temperature difference value was from -2.0 to 0 ℃. Difference value of monthly average maximum temperature was from -0.4 to 0 ℃, while difference value of monthly average minimum temperature was from -0.1 to 0.2 ℃. Difference value of monthly extremely maximum temperature was from -0.3 to 0.3 ℃, while difference value of monthly extremely minimum temperature was from -0.3 to 0.3 ℃. [ Conclusion] Generation reason of observation difference mainly included differences of observation instrument and principle, differences of data collection time and method, different sensor installation positions and environments, manual intervention and observation error.

A Contrastive Analysis of Demonstrative Reference in English and Chinese

I Introduction The fact that we are human beings who live together in society determines that much that we want to accomplish can be done only through social communication with other people. It is under

A Contrastive Analysis of Conditionals in English and Moroccan Arabic: Potential problems when learning English conditionals by Moroccan EFL learners

Learning to handle hypothetical situations in a new language is always difficult(Catford,et al.,1974).This rule holds true for Moroccan Arabic(henceforth MA)speakers learning English because grammatical devices in the two languages differ in almost all equivalent situations.For instance,while English verb forms are used to indicate tense in conditional sentences,MA uses them to indicate aspect.Adopting the typology of conditional constructions suggested by Dancygier(1999)and Dancygier&Sweetser(2005),this study provides a contrastive analysis of conditionals in English and MA to predict the possible errors EFL/ESL learners are likely to make while learning English.The analysis shows that the main discrepancy between English conditionals and MA conditionals lies in the verb form used by the two systems.Accordingly,if EFL/ESL learners are influenced by verb form in their L1,they are likely to face some challenges while learning English conditionals.That is,they are likely to use the past tense in the protases of English predictive conditionals and generic conditionals since the perfective form of the verb is used in the protases of these two types in MA.Concerning the protases of English non-predictive conditionals,Moroccan EFL/ESL learners are likely to use either the past tense or the present tense since both the perfective and the imperfective forms of the verb are possible in the protases of MA non-predictive conditionals.However,due to the fact that the perfective form is the prototypical form in the protases of conditionals in MA,EFL/ESL learners are likely to use the past tense more often than the present tense.The analysis also shows that EFL/ESL learners tend to use the present tense in the apodoses of English conditionals since the prevalent form in the apodoses of MA conditionals is the imperfective.

A Contrastive Analysis of Same-Topic News Reports in Chinese and American Mainstream Media

Based on ideational,interpersonal,and textual metafunctions in systemic functional linguistics(SFL),a contrastive analysis is carried out on two same-topic news reports of Chinese and American main stream media.Two reports from the People’s Daily and CNN are analyzed in terms of the lexical-grammatical systems(transitivity,mood and modality,and theme)realizing the three corresponding metafunctions to compare Chinese and American media reports on the same event.Results show that the two reports deploy different transitivity processes,but indicate similarity in the uses of mood and thematic choices.There are also respective preferences for reporting the sametopic news:CNN focuses on the whole process of the incident,the report being relatively objective and fair without obvious emotional bias,while the report of People’s Daily is relatively comprehensive,analyzing the incident from various angles,and playing a positive role in guiding public opinion.

Contrastive thematic analysis in research articles

Based on the theory of thematic complexity, a contrastive analysis on 2 sections selected from research articles-method and discussion, was conducted. The differences and similarities between the 2 sections in simple theme, multiple theme, textual theme, interpersonal theme, topical theme and thematic progression were analyzed and concluded. The author believes that the causes of the differences and similarities are the different genre features of the 2 sections and the academic features of the materials selected.

A Contrastive Analysis of Laser Heating Between the Human and Guinea Pig Cochlea by Numerical Simulations

The photo-thermal effect has been hypothesised to be one of the most possible biophysical mecha-nisms for laser-cochlea stimulation. The majority focus on animals like the guinea pig, from which a num-ber of valuable results have been gained. However, in light of the increasing need to improve laser safety, it has became necessary to find out whether studies on animals can shed light on safe laser parameters in the human cochlea.

Component Analysis and Calculation for Social Benefits of UHV Assessment

With the rapid development of the UHV power grid, evaluation of the economic and social benefits of the UHV power grid is conducive to guiding the planning and construction of UHV power grid. At present economic benefit evaluation system of the UHV power grid is driving to maturity stage on the whole at home and abroad, but it invariably tends to regard social benefits as part of economic benefits, without evaluating social benefit separately. The social benefit evaluation model of UHV power grid is built in case of sufficient investigation. The differentials between social benefit and social cost are calculated respectively by three kinds of solutions according to the constructed social cost evaluation index system and social benefits evaluation index system, conclusion that UHV power grid transmission has better social benefits can be reached by contrastively analyzing the social three kinds of solutions corresponding to benefits. At last, the evaluation model and method are verified and analyzed through the analysis of engineering projects.

A Contrastive Study of English Source Text and Back-Translation Version and Its Application

Back-translation is the translation of a translated text back into the language of the original text, which is an effective way to ensure accurate translation and assumes to be beneficial to improving learner＇s English competence. This thesis, based on the author＇s back translation training exercise, intends to make a constrastive study of source text in English and its back-translation precisely from the aspects of word choice, collocation, and sentence mechanics. Results have shown that by doing back-translation practice, the learners will strengthen their awareness of language differences between English and Chinese. Besides, as a special kind of translation, back-translation has its implications on English learning and Chinese-English translation, such as being a recitation method and testing tool.

A Contrastive Study of Chinese and English Forms of Address

According to sociolinguistic research of speech events, the choice of linguistic forms is determined by the formality of the context and the relationship between interlocutors in a speech event. In this respect, address forms are socially driven phenomena which make the fundamental point in sociolinguistics clearly. The attempt of this study will be made to discuss the impact of the cultures, especially people in America and China. Mainly, the paper is pertinent to ask some questions： （1） whether there are any different pronouns of address used in different cultures, （2） the discrepancy of forms of address used in America and China and how interlocutors used them respectively and （3） are there any semantic systems presented in both two cultures based upon interlocutors＇ social position and cultural background.

A Three-layered Contrasting Analysis of the Theme in Once more to the lake

Once more to the lake is a representative work of the American Writer, Elwyn Brooks White, and has been acclaimed by people in the world. The paper offers a three-layered contrasting analysis of the essay. By detailed analysis of the contrasts running through the whole essay, the author finds that those contrasts are symbol of White's internal struggle and reflection for life.On the foundation of the three-layered contrasts, the paper presents the theme analysis and clarifies the content of the essay.

Contrast Analysis of the Meteorological Factors between Zhongshan Station of the South Pole and Chinese Inland

[ Objective] The research aimed to contrast and analyze meteorological factors between Zhongshan station of the South Pole and Chi- nese inland. [ Method ] Based on meteorological observation data at Zhongshan station of the South Pole since established, contrast and analysis were taken on the atmospheric temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure with that at Shanghe station of Chinese inland, to find out variation laws of the each meteorological factor in the two stations, and to analyze different change relations among factors. [ Result] Although geo- graphic positions of the two stations were different, and they were respectively in south and north hemispheres, each meteorological factor at the two stations had same change rules. Interannual anomaly relationship of the meteorological factor had certain rule. That was to say, variation of the positive or negative anomaly advanced or lagged for 1 -2 years. [ Conclusion] The research had reference value for studying global climatic variation.

The Role of the First Language in Mongolian Learner's Learning of English

In this paper, writer endeavors to make teachers be aware of the importance of comparison and contrast between the first language (Mongolian) and foreign language (English) in the process of teaching Mongolian learners English. It starts with a discussion on the connection between L1and L2 from two conflicting theories-the Restructuring Hypothesis and the Creative construction Hypothesis. Then it explores the similarities and differences between English and Mongolian, which is followed by some examples, for the purpose of helping Mongolian learners improve their English efficiently.

SENSITIVITY FACTORS FOR TYPHOON GENESIS OVER THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC DURING JULY-SEPTEMBER

The paper compares the correlations between individual factors of the cyclogenesis and the number of TCs formed in the western North Pacific in July to September(NTWNP). It also compares the characteristics of zonal anomaly distribution of the factors in the primary TC source areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Results show that the vorticity factor has the closest correlation with NTWNP. In TC genesis conditions, this feature is relatively rich but not enough, which determines that it is the sensitivity factor of NTWNP's annual variation. The paper also analyzes the source of annual variation of the vorticity factor in the key area of the western North Pacific as well as its advantage in showing NTWNP. Results show that the annual variation of the vorticity factor mentioned above is related to the annual variation of Southern Oscillation, Antarctica Oscillation and the geopotential height field of East Australia, which reflects the effect of two large-scale systems in the Southern Hemisphere and ENSO(El Ni?o–Southern Oscillation) on NTWNP. Since the area where the vorticity factor is significantly correlated with NTWNP is consistent with the area of dense TC genesis sources, the vorticity factor has an obvious advantage in showing annual variation of TCs. Those features are very significant for research on the influencing mechanism of NTWNP and simulation of climate models.

The Role of the Native Language in Second Language Acquisition

The role that a learner＇s native language plays in his or her second language acquisition （SLA） has been the focus of many researchers in the past few decades. The article provides a brief review of the literature on the importance and the factors of native language influence in SLA.

The Role of L1 in Second Language Acquisition

The role of the native language in second language acquisition has long been a hotly debated issue in the area of SLA.Variousstudies on the subject are reviewed and controversial views are examined in the paper,referring to Behaviorism,Contrastive Analysis Hy-pothesis,Error Analysis Hypothesis,Creative Construction Hypothesis,Common Underlying Proficiency Hypothesis,and MarkednessTheory,etc.,so as to provide a more comprehensive and deeper analysis of the role L1 plays in L2 acquisition.

The Negative Transfer from Xinyang Dialect on English Consonant Pronunciation

In the paper, the author presents the negative transfer influence of Xinyang dialect on learners' English consonant pronunciation by comparing their differences in the segmental level, and proposes some suggestions for English pronunciation teaching based on the theories of Contrastive Analysis, the Input Hypothesis.

A Study on the Negative Phonetic Transfer of English Learners in Henan Province

Due to the influence of dialect,many English learners in China tend to speak English in the way they usually speak during second language acquisition,which results in negative transfer on English pronunciation.In order to reduce this phenomenon and improve the students’English pronunciation level,it is necessary for us to study the topic and put forward solutions.By using the contrastive analysis,this paper compares the pronunciation of English,Chinese and Henan dialect so as to find out the influence of Henan dialect on English learners at segmental level and suprasegmental level.The results show strong correlation between the pronunciation of English and Henan dialect for English learners.Therefore,this paper analyzes the mistakes and reasons that learners of Henan province are prone to make in the process of learning,and puts forward corresponding suggestions for teaching on students’negative transfer,so as to enhance the awareness of negative transfer for teachers and students.