Multilevel photon combined with binary pulse position modulation(BPPM)(Manchester pulsed signals), is introduced in this letter. Initially, error probability derivation and explanation for four-level photon communicat...Multilevel photon combined with binary pulse position modulation(BPPM)(Manchester pulsed signals), is introduced in this letter. Initially, error probability derivation and explanation for four-level photon communications with that BPPM is presented. Next, the 2-level photon communications matching with BPPM is proposed. For performance comparison, it is done with that the conventional scheme by fxing the background noise and also increasing number of photon per slot. Successfully with applying convolutional coding for system improving, the proposed multilevel photon on BPPM with this coding scheme achieves higher gain. Finally, this work also benefts to improving for further performance when considering with multilevel error control coding as well.展开更多
Walsh-Hadamard transform (WriT) can solve linear error equations on Field F2, and the method can be used to recover the parameters of convolutional code. However, solving the equations with many unknowns needs enorm...Walsh-Hadamard transform (WriT) can solve linear error equations on Field F2, and the method can be used to recover the parameters of convolutional code. However, solving the equations with many unknowns needs enormous computer memory which limits the application of WriT. In order to solve this problem, a method based on segmented WriT is proposed in this paper. The coefficient vector of high dimension is reshaped and two vectors of lower dimension are obtained. Then the WriT is operated and the requirement for computer memory is much reduced. The code rate and the constraint length of convolutional code are detected from the Walsh spectrum. And the check vector is recovered from the peak position. The validity of the method is verified by the simulation result, and the performance is proved to be optimal.展开更多
Most of multimedia schemes employ variable-length codes (VLCs) like Huffman code as core components in obtaining high compression rates. However VLC methods are very sensitive to channel noise. The goal of this pape...Most of multimedia schemes employ variable-length codes (VLCs) like Huffman code as core components in obtaining high compression rates. However VLC methods are very sensitive to channel noise. The goal of this paper is to salvage as many data from the damaged packets as possible for higher audiovisual quality. This paper proposes an integrated joint source-channel decoder (I-JSCD) at a symbol-level using three-dimensional (3-D) trellis representation for first-order Markov sources encoded with VLC source code and convolutional channel code. This method combines source code and channel code state-spaces and bit-lengths to construct a two-dimensional (2-D) state-space, and then develops a 3-D trellis and a maximum a-posterior (MAP) algorithm to estimate the source sequence symbol by symbol. Experiment results demonstrate that our method results in significant improvement in decoding performance, it can salvage at least half of (50%) data in any channel error rate, and can provide additional error resilience to VLC stream like image, audio, video stream over high error rate links.展开更多
In this paper, we propose a new method to derive a family of regular rate-compatible low-density parity-check(RC-LDPC) convolutional codes from RC-LDPC block codes. In the RC-LDPC convolutional family, each extended...In this paper, we propose a new method to derive a family of regular rate-compatible low-density parity-check(RC-LDPC) convolutional codes from RC-LDPC block codes. In the RC-LDPC convolutional family, each extended sub-matrix of each extended code is obtained by choosing specified elements from two fixed matrices HE1K and HE1K, which are derived by modifying the extended matrices HE1 and HE2 of a systematic RC-LDPC block code. The proposed method which is based on graph extension simplifies the design, and prevent the defects caused by the puncturing method. It can be used to generate both regular and irregular RC-LDPC convolutional codes. All resulted codes in the family are systematic which simplify the encoder structure and have maximum encoding memories which ensure the property. Simulation results show the family collectively offer a steady improvement in performance with code compatibility over binary-input additive white Gaussian noise channel(BI-AWGNC).展开更多
An algebraic construction methodology is proposed to design binary time-invariant convolutional low-density parity-check(LDPC)codes.Assisted by a proposed partial search algorithm,the polynomialform parity-check matri...An algebraic construction methodology is proposed to design binary time-invariant convolutional low-density parity-check(LDPC)codes.Assisted by a proposed partial search algorithm,the polynomialform parity-check matrix of the time-invariant convolutional LDPC code is derived by combining some special codewords of an(n,2,n−1)code.The achieved convolutional LDPC codes possess the characteristics of comparatively large girth and given syndrome former memory.The objective of our design is to enable the time-invariant convolutional LDPC codes the advantages of excellent error performance and fast encoding.In particular,the error performance of the proposed convolutional LDPC code with small constraint length is superior to most existing convolutional LDPC codes.展开更多
Two variable channel-coding schemes with unequal error protection (UEP) are proposed in terms of speech transmission over VHF-mobile radio system. These channel coding are separately based on rate-compatible punctur...Two variable channel-coding schemes with unequal error protection (UEP) are proposed in terms of speech transmission over VHF-mobile radio system. These channel coding are separately based on rate-compatible punctured convolution (RCPC) code scheme and rate-compatible punctured turbo (RCPT) code scheme. With optimum puncturing designation and suitable scheme of rate matching, these two UEP schemes can achieve intra-class unequal error protection, which makes the protection for source bits with different importance more accurate. Its real time implementation based on a TMS320C6416 digital signal processor is also presented. The experimental results suggest that this method have reasonable system complexity and short processing delay.展开更多
This paper focuses on the forward error correction(FEC),the basic parameters determination of the RS convolution code,Turbo code and the LDPC code,and the corresponding encoding and decoding algorithm in power line co...This paper focuses on the forward error correction(FEC),the basic parameters determination of the RS convolution code,Turbo code and the LDPC code,and the corresponding encoding and decoding algorithm in power line communication(PLC)standard.Simulation experiment which is designed for narrow-band power line communication system based on OFDM is done.The coding using RS convolution code,Turbo code and LDPC code are compared,and further it is determined that which encoding method is more suitable for power line communication in China.展开更多
In this paper, we have compared the performance of joint network channel coding (JNCC) for multicast relay network using low density parity check (LDPC) codes and Convolutional codes as channel codes while exclusi...In this paper, we have compared the performance of joint network channel coding (JNCC) for multicast relay network using low density parity check (LDPC) codes and Convolutional codes as channel codes while exclusive or (XOR) network coding used at the intermediate relay nodes. Multicast relay transmission is a type of transmission scheme in which two fixed relay nodes contribute in the second hop of end-to-end transmission between base transceiver station (BTS) and a pair of mobile stations. We have considered one way and two way multicast scenarios to evaluate the bit error rate (BER) and throughput performance. It has been shown that when using XOR network coding at the intermediate relay nodes, the same transmission becomes possible in less time slots hence throughput performance can be improved. Moreover we have also discussed two possible scenarios in the proposed system model, in which both diversity and multiplexing gain has been considered. It is worth notifying that BER and throughput achieved for LDPC codes is better than Convolutional codes for all the schemes discussed.展开更多
This paper presents a new coding scheme called semi-low-density parity-check convolutional code(semi-LDPC-CC),whose parity-check matrix consists of both sparse and dense sub-matrices,a feature distinguished from the c...This paper presents a new coding scheme called semi-low-density parity-check convolutional code(semi-LDPC-CC),whose parity-check matrix consists of both sparse and dense sub-matrices,a feature distinguished from the conventional LDPC-CCs.We propose sliding-window list(SWL)decoding algorithms with a fixed window size of two,resulting in a low decoding latency but a competitive error-correcting performance.The performance can be predicted by upper bounds derived from the first event error probability and by genie-aided(GA)lower bounds estimated from the underlying LDPC block codes(LDPC-BCs),while the complexity can be reduced by truncating the list with a threshold on the difference between the soft metrics in the serial decoding implementation.Numerical results are presented to validate our analysis and demonstrate the performance advantage of the semi-LDPC-CCs over the conventional LDPC-CCs.展开更多
In this paper,a family of rate-compatible(RC) low-density parity-check(LDPC) convolutional codes can be obtained from RC-LDPC block codes by graph extension method.The resulted RC-LDPC convolutional codes,which are de...In this paper,a family of rate-compatible(RC) low-density parity-check(LDPC) convolutional codes can be obtained from RC-LDPC block codes by graph extension method.The resulted RC-LDPC convolutional codes,which are derived by permuting the matrices of the corresponding RC-LDPC block codes,are systematic and have maximum encoding memory.Simulation results show that the proposed RC-LDPC convolutional codes with belief propagation(BP) decoding collectively offer a steady improvement on performance compared with the block counterparts over the binary-input additive white Gaussian noise channels(BI-AWGNCs).展开更多
This paper addresses the problem of test response compaction. In order to maximize compaction ratio, a single-output compactor based on a (n, n-1, m, 3) convolutional code is presented. When the proposed theorems ar...This paper addresses the problem of test response compaction. In order to maximize compaction ratio, a single-output compactor based on a (n, n-1, m, 3) convolutional code is presented. When the proposed theorems are satisfied, the compactor can avoid two and any odd erroneous bits cancellations, and handle one unknown bit (X bit). When the X bits in response are clustered, multiple-weight check matrix design algorithm can be used to reduce the effect of massive X bits. Some extended experimental results show that the proposed encoder has an acceptable-level X tolerant capacity and low error cancellations probability.展开更多
A non-intrusive design of self-checking finite state machines (FSMs) in VLSI circuits was investigated using convolutional codes. We propose a novel scheme which cannot only detect but also correct errors occurred in ...A non-intrusive design of self-checking finite state machines (FSMs) in VLSI circuits was investigated using convolutional codes. We propose a novel scheme which cannot only detect but also correct errors occurred in FSM states. The error state will be corrected and sent back to the FSM, so that the concurrent error in the current state is detected and corrected immediately. Moreover, we realize the IP core of the self-checking module by SMIC 0.25-μm CMOS technology and also simulate its function in FPGA.展开更多
Bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) is suitable to bandwidth-efficient communication systems. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) can provide more reliability to high-speed wireless data transmission. A new pat...Bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) is suitable to bandwidth-efficient communication systems. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) can provide more reliability to high-speed wireless data transmission. A new path weight complementary convolutional (PWCC) code used in the type-Ⅱ BICM-HARQ system is proposed. The PWCC code is composed of the original code and the complimentary code. The path in trellis with large hamming weight of the complimentary code is designed to compensate for the path in trellis with small hamming weight of the original code. Hence, both of the original code and the complimentary code can achieve the performance of the good code criterion of corresponding code rate. The throughput efficiency of the BICM-HARQ system wit PWCC code is higher than repeat code system, a little higher than puncture code system in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values and much higher than puncture code system, the same as repeat code system in high SNR values. These results are confirmed by the simulation.展开更多
Due to the strong background noise and the acquisition system noise,the useful characteristics are often difficult to be detected.To solve this problem,sparse coding captures a concise representation of the high-level...Due to the strong background noise and the acquisition system noise,the useful characteristics are often difficult to be detected.To solve this problem,sparse coding captures a concise representation of the high-level features in the signal using the underlying structure of the signal.Recently,an Online Convolutional Sparse Coding(OCSC)denoising algorithm has been proposed.However,it does not consider the structural characteristics of the signal,the sparsity of each iteration is not enough.Therefore,a threshold shrinkage algorithm considering neighborhood sparsity is proposed,and a training strategy from loose to tight is developed to further improve the denoising performance of the algorithm,called Variable Threshold Neighborhood Online Convolution Sparse Coding(VTNOCSC).By embedding the structural sparse threshold shrinkage operator into the process of solving the sparse coefficient and gradually approaching the optimal noise separation point in the training,the signal denoising performance of the algorithm is greatly improved.VTNOCSC is used to process the actual bearing fault signal,the noise interference is successfully reduced and the interest features are more evident.Compared with other existing methods,VTNOCSC has better denoising performance.展开更多
In this paper, orthogonal/turbo-codes for mobile DS-CDMA communications are considered. We compare the performances of turbo-codes with those of convolutional codes for noncoherent M-ary orthogonal modulation in ...In this paper, orthogonal/turbo-codes for mobile DS-CDMA communications are considered. We compare the performances of turbo-codes with those of convolutional codes for noncoherent M-ary orthogonal modulation in multipath fading channels. One method to calculate the branch transition probability of turbo-codes is suggested.By using the parameter of cut-off rate capacity efficiency, 1/2/5 (37,21) turbo-codes are more efficient for 1/3/9(557,663,711) convolutional codes. Given the same spread gain, turbo-codes will increase system's capacity.If SOVA is used in the decoding for turbo-codes case, the dime-delay caused by turbo-decoding is only 1.2 times of that of convolutional codes. Obviously, turbo-codes show better performances at the cost of the hardware complexity of the encoder and the decoder.展开更多
In this paper,we propose an improved structure for M-dimension ( M ≥ 2)turbo codes using M identical component encoders. The presented structure only applies single recursive convolutional encoder to encode M interle...In this paper,we propose an improved structure for M-dimension ( M ≥ 2)turbo codes using M identical component encoders. The presented structure only applies single recursive convolutional encoder to encode M interleaved versions of infor-mation sequence and single tail sequence to operate termination. For the commonly used two-dimension (M = 2) turbo codes,two cascade soft input soft output (SISO) decoders are detailed to de-code the corresponding codes. With the two cascade SISO decod-ers,this coding structure obviously outperforms traditional turbo codes at high code rates,especially,about 0.3 dB gain can be ob-tained at code rate 0.9 in additive white Gaussian noise channel with quadrature phase shift keying modulation. This makes the proposed coding structure very attractive for future radio commu-nication systems with high throughput requirements.展开更多
基金a part of support from the National Electronics and Computer Technology Center(NECTEC)/NSTDA,Thailand(Grant No.P12-01865)
文摘Multilevel photon combined with binary pulse position modulation(BPPM)(Manchester pulsed signals), is introduced in this letter. Initially, error probability derivation and explanation for four-level photon communications with that BPPM is presented. Next, the 2-level photon communications matching with BPPM is proposed. For performance comparison, it is done with that the conventional scheme by fxing the background noise and also increasing number of photon per slot. Successfully with applying convolutional coding for system improving, the proposed multilevel photon on BPPM with this coding scheme achieves higher gain. Finally, this work also benefts to improving for further performance when considering with multilevel error control coding as well.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(1127105011371183+2 种基金61403036)the Science and Technology Development Foundation of CAEP(2013A04030202013B0403068)
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61072120)
文摘Walsh-Hadamard transform (WriT) can solve linear error equations on Field F2, and the method can be used to recover the parameters of convolutional code. However, solving the equations with many unknowns needs enormous computer memory which limits the application of WriT. In order to solve this problem, a method based on segmented WriT is proposed in this paper. The coefficient vector of high dimension is reshaped and two vectors of lower dimension are obtained. Then the WriT is operated and the requirement for computer memory is much reduced. The code rate and the constraint length of convolutional code are detected from the Walsh spectrum. And the check vector is recovered from the peak position. The validity of the method is verified by the simulation result, and the performance is proved to be optimal.
基金Supported by the Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (211CERS10)
文摘Most of multimedia schemes employ variable-length codes (VLCs) like Huffman code as core components in obtaining high compression rates. However VLC methods are very sensitive to channel noise. The goal of this paper is to salvage as many data from the damaged packets as possible for higher audiovisual quality. This paper proposes an integrated joint source-channel decoder (I-JSCD) at a symbol-level using three-dimensional (3-D) trellis representation for first-order Markov sources encoded with VLC source code and convolutional channel code. This method combines source code and channel code state-spaces and bit-lengths to construct a two-dimensional (2-D) state-space, and then develops a 3-D trellis and a maximum a-posterior (MAP) algorithm to estimate the source sequence symbol by symbol. Experiment results demonstrate that our method results in significant improvement in decoding performance, it can salvage at least half of (50%) data in any channel error rate, and can provide additional error resilience to VLC stream like image, audio, video stream over high error rate links.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61401164,No.61201145,No.61471175)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(No.2014A030310308)the Supporting Plan for New Century Excellent Talents of the Ministry of Education(No.NCET-13-0805)
文摘In this paper, we propose a new method to derive a family of regular rate-compatible low-density parity-check(RC-LDPC) convolutional codes from RC-LDPC block codes. In the RC-LDPC convolutional family, each extended sub-matrix of each extended code is obtained by choosing specified elements from two fixed matrices HE1K and HE1K, which are derived by modifying the extended matrices HE1 and HE2 of a systematic RC-LDPC block code. The proposed method which is based on graph extension simplifies the design, and prevent the defects caused by the puncturing method. It can be used to generate both regular and irregular RC-LDPC convolutional codes. All resulted codes in the family are systematic which simplify the encoder structure and have maximum encoding memories which ensure the property. Simulation results show the family collectively offer a steady improvement in performance with code compatibility over binary-input additive white Gaussian noise channel(BI-AWGNC).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61401164)。
文摘An algebraic construction methodology is proposed to design binary time-invariant convolutional low-density parity-check(LDPC)codes.Assisted by a proposed partial search algorithm,the polynomialform parity-check matrix of the time-invariant convolutional LDPC code is derived by combining some special codewords of an(n,2,n−1)code.The achieved convolutional LDPC codes possess the characteristics of comparatively large girth and given syndrome former memory.The objective of our design is to enable the time-invariant convolutional LDPC codes the advantages of excellent error performance and fast encoding.In particular,the error performance of the proposed convolutional LDPC code with small constraint length is superior to most existing convolutional LDPC codes.
文摘Two variable channel-coding schemes with unequal error protection (UEP) are proposed in terms of speech transmission over VHF-mobile radio system. These channel coding are separately based on rate-compatible punctured convolution (RCPC) code scheme and rate-compatible punctured turbo (RCPT) code scheme. With optimum puncturing designation and suitable scheme of rate matching, these two UEP schemes can achieve intra-class unequal error protection, which makes the protection for source bits with different importance more accurate. Its real time implementation based on a TMS320C6416 digital signal processor is also presented. The experimental results suggest that this method have reasonable system complexity and short processing delay.
基金This work was supported by the State Key Lab of Power System,Tsinghua University,Beijing,China(SKLD11KM05).
文摘This paper focuses on the forward error correction(FEC),the basic parameters determination of the RS convolution code,Turbo code and the LDPC code,and the corresponding encoding and decoding algorithm in power line communication(PLC)standard.Simulation experiment which is designed for narrow-band power line communication system based on OFDM is done.The coding using RS convolution code,Turbo code and LDPC code are compared,and further it is determined that which encoding method is more suitable for power line communication in China.
文摘In this paper, we have compared the performance of joint network channel coding (JNCC) for multicast relay network using low density parity check (LDPC) codes and Convolutional codes as channel codes while exclusive or (XOR) network coding used at the intermediate relay nodes. Multicast relay transmission is a type of transmission scheme in which two fixed relay nodes contribute in the second hop of end-to-end transmission between base transceiver station (BTS) and a pair of mobile stations. We have considered one way and two way multicast scenarios to evaluate the bit error rate (BER) and throughput performance. It has been shown that when using XOR network coding at the intermediate relay nodes, the same transmission becomes possible in less time slots hence throughput performance can be improved. Moreover we have also discussed two possible scenarios in the proposed system model, in which both diversity and multiplexing gain has been considered. It is worth notifying that BER and throughput achieved for LDPC codes is better than Convolutional codes for all the schemes discussed.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2020YFB1807100the NSF of China under Grant 61971454 and Grant 62071498 and Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation under Grant 2020A1515010687.
文摘This paper presents a new coding scheme called semi-low-density parity-check convolutional code(semi-LDPC-CC),whose parity-check matrix consists of both sparse and dense sub-matrices,a feature distinguished from the conventional LDPC-CCs.We propose sliding-window list(SWL)decoding algorithms with a fixed window size of two,resulting in a low decoding latency but a competitive error-correcting performance.The performance can be predicted by upper bounds derived from the first event error probability and by genie-aided(GA)lower bounds estimated from the underlying LDPC block codes(LDPC-BCs),while the complexity can be reduced by truncating the list with a threshold on the difference between the soft metrics in the serial decoding implementation.Numerical results are presented to validate our analysis and demonstrate the performance advantage of the semi-LDPC-CCs over the conventional LDPC-CCs.
基金the National Namral Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10171017,90204013)Special Funds ofAuthorsofExcellentDoctoralDissertationinChina(GrantNo.200084) Shanghai Science and Technology Funds(Grant No.0351 1501)
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61401164,61471131 and 61201145)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2014A030310308)
文摘In this paper,a family of rate-compatible(RC) low-density parity-check(LDPC) convolutional codes can be obtained from RC-LDPC block codes by graph extension method.The resulted RC-LDPC convolutional codes,which are derived by permuting the matrices of the corresponding RC-LDPC block codes,are systematic and have maximum encoding memory.Simulation results show that the proposed RC-LDPC convolutional codes with belief propagation(BP) decoding collectively offer a steady improvement on performance compared with the block counterparts over the binary-input additive white Gaussian noise channels(BI-AWGNCs).
基金supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China(973)(Grant Nos.2005CB321604 and 2005CB321605)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.90207002 and 60576031).
文摘This paper addresses the problem of test response compaction. In order to maximize compaction ratio, a single-output compactor based on a (n, n-1, m, 3) convolutional code is presented. When the proposed theorems are satisfied, the compactor can avoid two and any odd erroneous bits cancellations, and handle one unknown bit (X bit). When the X bits in response are clustered, multiple-weight check matrix design algorithm can be used to reduce the effect of massive X bits. Some extended experimental results show that the proposed encoder has an acceptable-level X tolerant capacity and low error cancellations probability.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60473033)the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No. T0103).
文摘A non-intrusive design of self-checking finite state machines (FSMs) in VLSI circuits was investigated using convolutional codes. We propose a novel scheme which cannot only detect but also correct errors occurred in FSM states. The error state will be corrected and sent back to the FSM, so that the concurrent error in the current state is detected and corrected immediately. Moreover, we realize the IP core of the self-checking module by SMIC 0.25-μm CMOS technology and also simulate its function in FPGA.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 60302006 and 60462002)
文摘Bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) is suitable to bandwidth-efficient communication systems. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) can provide more reliability to high-speed wireless data transmission. A new path weight complementary convolutional (PWCC) code used in the type-Ⅱ BICM-HARQ system is proposed. The PWCC code is composed of the original code and the complimentary code. The path in trellis with large hamming weight of the complimentary code is designed to compensate for the path in trellis with small hamming weight of the original code. Hence, both of the original code and the complimentary code can achieve the performance of the good code criterion of corresponding code rate. The throughput efficiency of the BICM-HARQ system wit PWCC code is higher than repeat code system, a little higher than puncture code system in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values and much higher than puncture code system, the same as repeat code system in high SNR values. These results are confirmed by the simulation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFB2003300)National Science and Technology Major Project,China(No.2017-IV-0008-0045)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51675262).
文摘Due to the strong background noise and the acquisition system noise,the useful characteristics are often difficult to be detected.To solve this problem,sparse coding captures a concise representation of the high-level features in the signal using the underlying structure of the signal.Recently,an Online Convolutional Sparse Coding(OCSC)denoising algorithm has been proposed.However,it does not consider the structural characteristics of the signal,the sparsity of each iteration is not enough.Therefore,a threshold shrinkage algorithm considering neighborhood sparsity is proposed,and a training strategy from loose to tight is developed to further improve the denoising performance of the algorithm,called Variable Threshold Neighborhood Online Convolution Sparse Coding(VTNOCSC).By embedding the structural sparse threshold shrinkage operator into the process of solving the sparse coefficient and gradually approaching the optimal noise separation point in the training,the signal denoising performance of the algorithm is greatly improved.VTNOCSC is used to process the actual bearing fault signal,the noise interference is successfully reduced and the interest features are more evident.Compared with other existing methods,VTNOCSC has better denoising performance.
文摘In this paper, orthogonal/turbo-codes for mobile DS-CDMA communications are considered. We compare the performances of turbo-codes with those of convolutional codes for noncoherent M-ary orthogonal modulation in multipath fading channels. One method to calculate the branch transition probability of turbo-codes is suggested.By using the parameter of cut-off rate capacity efficiency, 1/2/5 (37,21) turbo-codes are more efficient for 1/3/9(557,663,711) convolutional codes. Given the same spread gain, turbo-codes will increase system's capacity.If SOVA is used in the decoding for turbo-codes case, the dime-delay caused by turbo-decoding is only 1.2 times of that of convolutional codes. Obviously, turbo-codes show better performances at the cost of the hardware complexity of the encoder and the decoder.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60762005)
文摘In this paper,we propose an improved structure for M-dimension ( M ≥ 2)turbo codes using M identical component encoders. The presented structure only applies single recursive convolutional encoder to encode M interleaved versions of infor-mation sequence and single tail sequence to operate termination. For the commonly used two-dimension (M = 2) turbo codes,two cascade soft input soft output (SISO) decoders are detailed to de-code the corresponding codes. With the two cascade SISO decod-ers,this coding structure obviously outperforms traditional turbo codes at high code rates,especially,about 0.3 dB gain can be ob-tained at code rate 0.9 in additive white Gaussian noise channel with quadrature phase shift keying modulation. This makes the proposed coding structure very attractive for future radio commu-nication systems with high throughput requirements.