The Effect of Partial Removable Denture Use on Oral Health Related Quality of Life and Masticatory Function, after 5 Years Use

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether partial removable denture use indeed leads to improved oral health related quality of life and masticatory function. Materials and Methods: Partially edentulous patients presenting for removable denture treatment at the Prosthodontics Service in the Hospital Affiliated to Kinshasa University (Democratic Republic of Congo) were assessed for enrolment in this study. After applying exclusion criteria, 378 patients were included in the study, and randomly assigned into 2 groups. Oral health related quality of life (OHIP-23) and mastication time (MaT), number of chewing cycles (MaC), mastication frequency (MaF), and the sizes of the peanut fragments (FraS) were compared in both groups. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The average MaC, MaT, MaF, and FraS were 119 (± SD 53.70), 86.75 (±SD 35.35), 1.38 (±SD 0.25), and 3.3 (±SD 3.25) for the denture group and 77.9 (±SD 23.9), 60.2 (±SD 17.91), 1.29 (±SD 0.15), and 1.5 (±SD 0.7) for the non-denture group, respectively. Conclusion: The overall oral health related quality of life was best in the non-denture than denture.

Risks Factors of Caries and Periodontal Diseases in the Patients, after 5 Years Use a Partial Removable Denture

Objective: The goal of the removable partial denture is to restore impaired esthetics and masticatory function by replacing missing teeth. The aim of this study was to establish a possible correla-tion between removable partial denture in acrylic resin use after 5 years and dental diseases. Materials and Methods: Partially edentulous patients presenting for removable denture treatment at the Prosthodontics service of the Affiliated Hospital of Kinshasa University, Democratic Republic of Congo were assessed in this study. Patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups: Denture and non-denture group. Caries and periodontal diseases were compared between both groups. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The average age in the denture and non-denture-group was 53.15 (±SD 22.05) and 31.59 (±SD 11.98) years. Out of 160 teeth were decayed, both 110 teeth (68.75%) in the denture-group and 50 teeth (31.25%) in the non-denture group. The DMFT index calculated at start time of the study was 0.2 for both groups, after five years was 7.1 for the denture-group and 2.6 for the non-denture-group. The plaque index in the denture-group had an index of 1 and that of non-denture-group was 0.5. Conclusion: The relationship has been found between patients’ wearers a RPD and dental diseases.

Clinical performance of removable partial dentures: A retrospective clinical study

Removable partial dentures (RPDs) (conventional and implant-supported) treatment is considered a viable option to replace missing teeth as inexpensively as possible, but it has limitations. Objectives: This study reports the effect of gender and location (maxilla vs. mandible) on the clinical performance of removable partial dentures (RPDs). Materials and Methods: A total of 100 Patients who had RPDs delivered between 1990-1995 were evaluated. A 4-point scoring system was used to assess seventeen criteria. These criteria include acceptance, stability, support, retention, adaptation, occlusion, integrity, and design of the pros-theses, rest and rest seat preparation, occlusal wear, esthetics, phonetics, tissue condition, mobility of abutments, gingival and plaque indices. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U non-parametric statistical tests. Results: The results showed that acceptance of RPDs was rated the lowest. Other reasons for failure were poor retention, lack of integrity of the prostheses and inadequate adaptation. Retention and design of major connectors attributed to Mandibular RPD failure. Success rate of 75% was observed in male compared with 67.2% for female. Maxillary RPDs showed a higher success rate (78%) compared with the mandibular (70.1%). No significant statistical difference in Alpha scores between female and male patients and between maxillary and mandibular RPDs (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The clinical performance of RPDs showed a higher success rate in male patients compared to female patients and the maxillary RPDs showed a higher success rate compared to mandibular.

Mandibular Anterior Immediate Denture Using Visible Light Cure Acrylic

Management of a 51-year-old female of Afro Trinidadian descent required removal mandibular incisors. This patient’s periodontal condition and her inability to afford pre-prosthetic surgery, bone grafting or even a fixed partial denture for replacement of the proposed units after extraction necessitated alternative treatment options to implants. Her profession required interaction with the public and as such an immediate replacement was essential. Impressions were taken and an immediate partial denture fabricated using a visible light cure acrylic. The mobile teeth were extracted and the denture delivered to the patient with minimal adjustments. The patient was monitored for three months while healing of the extraction site occurred and her periodontal condition was treated. Inability to afford definitive treatment for one year required the denture be maintained for that period. Follow up showed that the aesthetics, function and structural integrity of the denture had not been compromised.

Effect of proximal contact strength on the three-dimensional displacements of implant-supported cantilever fixed partial dentures under axial loading

Objective:This study investigated the effect of proximal contact strength on the three-dimensional displacements of cantilever fixed partial denture(CFPD) under vertically concentrated loading with digital laser speckle(DLS) technique.Methods:Fresh mandible of beagle dog was used to establish the implant-supported CFPD for specimen.DLS technique was employed for measuring the three-dimensional displacement of the prosthesis under vertically concentrated loading ranging from 200 to 3 000 g.The effect of the contact tightness on the displacement of CFPD was investigated by means of changing the contact tightness.Results:When an axial concentrated loading was exerted on the pontic of the implant-supported CFPD,the displacement of the CFPD was the greatest.The displacement of the prosthesis decreased with the increase of contact strength.When the contact strength was 0,0.95,and 3.25 N,the displacement of the buccolingual direction was smaller than that of the mesiodistal direction but greater than that of the occlusogingival direction.When the force on the contact area was 6.50 N,the mesiodistal displacement of the prosthesis was the biggest while the buccolingual displacement was the smallest.Conclusions:The implant supported CFPD is an effective therapy for fully or partially edentulous patients.The restoration of the contact area and the selection of the appropriate contact strength can reduce the displacement of the CFPD,and get a better stress distribution.The most appropriate force value is 3.25 N in this study.

The Effect of Non-Contact Conditions in a Splinted Fixed Partial Denture on the Load Sharing Mechanism： A Finite Element Study

A computer-aided design model for a fixed partial denture was constructed and used in a finite element analysis to study the overall load sharing mechanism between the fixed partial denture and oral structures while the denture base rested on the al- veolar ridge. To investigate the consequences of non-contact conditions, three additional models were generated incorporating a uniform clearance of 0.125 mm, 0.25 mm, and 0.5 mm, respectively. A 100 N static load located at the free end of the prosthesis was applied while the distal portion of the jaw was set fixed. The results show that whilst releasing the ridge almost entirely, the presence of the clearance drastically increased the load on the splinting teeth. A pull-out force on the canine tooth of about 44 N was computed, accompanied by a mesio-distal moment of about 500 N.cm. The combination of which was similar to the tooth extraction maneuver performed by the dentist. In contrast, the second premolar was found to bear a push-in force of almost 115 N. The first molar, though barely solicited in the contact condition, became substantially loaded in non-contact conditions, which validates the choice of sacrificing three teeth to support the denture.

Effect of Accessory Retention Forms on the Bond Strength of Resin-bonded Fixed Partial Dentures:a 3D Finite Element Study

Interface debonding between prostheses and abutments was the most frequent failure mode of resin-bonded fixed partials dentures(RBFPDs) in clinic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of accessory retention forms on the bond strength of RBFPDs. Three types of 3D finite element models were constructed.The model of posterior metal plate RBFPD with spoon-shaped occlusal rest seats served as the control. The remaining two types of models based on the control added the retention form design of the pin hole and axial groove respectively. The axial or buccolingual load of 150 N was applied on the prosthesis, first premolar and first molar respectively. The maximum principal stresses of the adhesive layer in different models were calculated. Under the load of the same magnitude, the stress due to the buccolingual load was significantly higher than that due to the axial load in the adhesive layer. The proximal shoulder, occlusal rest seats wall and the proximal margin adjacent to the shoulder were the high risk region where the adhesive layer damaged easily. Compared with the control model, the pin and groove models could slightly decrease the stress in the adhesive layer after the axial loading, while the stress in the adhesive layer drastically decreased after horizontal loading and reduced by 22% and 31% respectively. These results indicate that the horizontal occlusal force has a more serious harm to the debonding of RBFPDs. In addition, the accessory retention forms(e.g. pin and axial groove retention forms) can decrease the stress level in the adhesive layer, which are conducive to increase the load-bearing capacity of RBFPDs.

肯氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ类牙列缺损数字化印模及模型在可摘局部义齿中的应用

目的评估肯氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ类牙列缺损数字化印模及树脂模型技术在可摘局部义齿(RPD)中的应用效果。方法选择肯氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ类牙列缺损患者,按照义齿制作流程分组:数字化印模/树脂模型/钴铬合金铸造支架组(A组)、数字化印模/树脂模型/激光打印钛支架组(B组)、藻酸盐印模/石膏模型/钴铬合金铸造支架组(C组)、藻酸盐印模/石膏模型/激光打印钛支架组(D组),每组40例。对最终完成的RPD在口内就位情况进行检查,评估指标包括卡环固位力、连接体和基托在口内的密合度、咬合准确度,各项指标评估分值使用Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验进行分析。结果4组RPD各项指标的评分值差异无统计学意义。结论利用数字化印模及树脂模型完成的铸造钴铬合金和激光打印钛支架式RPD能够满足肯氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ类牙列缺损患者的临床修复要求。

AOA后置短时低氧曝气实现短程硝化反硝化除磷

为培养亚硝酸盐型反硝化聚磷菌实现好氧颗粒污泥(AGS)短程硝化内源反硝化除磷,设置3组同规格以厌氧/好氧/缺氧后置短时曝气(AO_(1)A-O_(2))模式运行的SBR,各反应器好氧段/后置好氧段(O_(1)/O_(2))的曝气强度和曝气时间均不同,通过对比3组反应器60 d的运行情况,探究各系统污染物处理性能和功能菌活性。结果表明,后置短时低氧曝气10 min且O_(1)、O_(2)的曝气强度分别为5、2.5 L/(h·L)的R2脱氮除磷效果最佳,其COD、TP、NH^(+)_(4)-N、TN去除率达95.49%、95.57%、100%、95.52%。通过短时好氧饥饿和低溶解氧可以创造出短程硝化内源反硝化除磷的最适环境,R2中约60%的除磷菌为DPAOs,且亚硝酸盐型聚磷菌最多,可达38.76%,其反应器好氧段的亚硝酸盐积累率(R_(NA))为74.19%,实现了较高的NO^(-)_(2)-N积累,游离亚硝酸(FNA)为1.03μg/L,可抑制PAOs和NOB,同时富集出更多的AOB和DPAOs。

基于短周期调控的SPNPR-A系统脱氮除磷研究

建立了短周期循环调控低浓度亚硝酸盐(NO_(2)^(-)-N)的短程硝化同步除磷耦合厌氧氨氧化(SPNPR-A)系统,SPNPR系统以厌氧/好氧模式运行,通过短周期运行时长调控系统内NO_(2)^(-)-N浓度用以淘洗亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB),同步富集氨氧化菌(AOB)和聚磷菌(PAOs),最终实现同步脱氮除磷功能.结果表明:SPNPR系统内NO_(2)^(-)-N浓度维持在10mg/L左右时可有效抑制NOB活性.70d后SPNPR系统2个短周期的亚硝酸盐积累率(NAR)分别达到90.40%和88.93%,SPNPR-A系统总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、有机物(COD)的平均去除率分别为87.45%、84.30%和94.26%.第60d时,比氨氧化速率(SAOR)和AOB的比氧利用速率(SOUR_(AOB))分别为8.47mgN/(gMLVSS·h)和12.71mgO_(2)/(gMLVSS·h);比硝态氮生成速率(SNPR)和NOB的比氧利用速率(SOUR_(NOB))分别为0.82mgN/(gMLVSS·h)和0.41mgO_(2)/(gMLVSS·h).高通量测序结果表明,第70d时SPNPR系统属水平上的AOB功能菌属Nitrosomonas(6.46%)和Nitrosospira(0.64%),丰度远高于NOB功能菌属Nitrospira(0.14%)和Nitrobacter(0.01%),同时聚磷菌属Candidatus_Accumulibacter(1.61%)和Tetrasphaera(0.89%)得到富集,使得SPNPR-A系统具备同步脱氮除磷性能.

老年可摘义齿佩戴者口腔健康相关生活质量的影响因素分析

目的分析老年可摘义齿佩戴者口腔健康相关生活质量(oral health-related quality of life,OHRQoL)的影响因素及相互关系。方法选取牙列缺损/牙列缺失患者86名作为义齿佩戴组,行可摘义齿修复且义齿远端至少延伸到第一磨牙。选择天然牙列保留至第一磨牙的无可摘义齿患者72名作为对照组。采用Eichner分类法记录上下颌之间的咬合单位和咬合支持数量,口腔健康影响程度量表(Oral Health Impact Profile,OHIP)评价OHRQoL,接触定位法确定主要咬合区,双侧第一磨牙作为测量部位评估最大咬合力,粘性凝胶法评估咀嚼效率,食物接受度问卷评估咀嚼能力。结果义齿佩戴组的OHIP评分以及心理不适和生理能力受限两个分量表的评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。OHIP评分与余留牙数、咬合支持数量、最大咬合力和咀嚼能力呈显著负相关。下颌余留牙数、咬合支持数量、下颌主要咬合区是否为天然牙以及咀嚼能力是OHIP评分的显著影响因素。结论老年可摘义齿佩戴者口腔健康相关生活质量与余留牙咬合关系和主要咬合区存在相关性,其中保留下颌第一磨牙是一个关键影响因素。

外胚层发育不全患者牙列缺损修复1例及文献回顾

目的 探讨外胚层发育不全患者先天缺牙的治疗方案,为临床提供参考。方法 报道1例面中份凹陷,颏部前突,面下1/3发育不足的外胚层发育不全患者,患者上颌多颗牙先天缺失,余留牙为畸形牙,下颌牙列先天缺失,牙弓较小,上下牙槽骨发育不良。通过上颌可摘局部义齿、下颌在数字化导板辅助下进行前牙区种植,杆卡式种植覆盖义齿对其进行治疗,并对其治疗方案进行文献回顾。结果 患者佩戴义齿后固位及稳定佳,咬合关系良好,患者面部外形恢复较好,上下唇饱满,面下1/3与面中1/3基本相等,恢复了咀嚼功能。文献回顾结果表明,先天缺牙的外胚层发育不全患者的口内情况通常比较复杂,修复困难,对此类患者常见的修复方式包括固定桥、可摘局部义齿、全口义齿、覆盖义齿和种植义齿,需要根据患者口内实际情况选择不同的治疗方案。目前,对于外胚层发育不全患者先天缺牙的治疗尚未达成共识,有学者建议缺牙少的患者优先选择固定修复,缺牙多的患者选择可摘义齿或种植覆盖义齿修复,未成年患者优先选择活动修复,待颌骨发育完成后视情况更换永久固定修复。结论 对于外胚层发育不全先天缺牙的患者,应该充分考虑各方面因素,以修复为导向个性化制定可行的修复方案。

数字化印模技术在可摘局部义齿中的应用现状

可摘局部义齿具有强度高、价格低、适应证广、创伤小及可修理等特点,是治疗牙列缺损的重要手段之一。随着人口老龄化日趋凸显,可摘局部义齿在未来仍将是一种常用的修复方式。可摘局部义齿的制作离不开精确的印模技术,传统可摘局部义齿印模制取过程中存在诸多不足,如就诊次数多、耗时长、制作过程复杂、污染高、浪费多、效率低、质量不易控制等。然而,数字化印模的出现为可摘局部义齿印模的制取提供了新的技术支持,数字化印模技术具有高精度、舒适性、高效、缩短治疗时间以及个性化设计等优势,有助于提高可摘局部义齿修复的效果和患者的满意度。数字化印模技术作为全程数字化可摘局部义齿修复诊疗的前提和基础,其对口腔模型重建的精度直接影响最终义齿修复效果。目前,数字化印模技术已广泛运用于口腔修复领域,本文将对数字化印模技术在可摘局部义齿中的应用现状进行综述,以期进一步指导临床应用。

热处理技术对3D打印钛合金试件机械性能的影响

背景:近年来,增材制造(又称3D打印)逐渐成为制作可摘局部义齿钛合金支架的主流方式。热处理作为改善3D打印钛合金支架机械性能的重要方法而成为目前的关注热点。目的:总结目前应用于3D打印钛合金试件的主要热处理技术(包括退火处理、固溶时效处理、热等静压处理及其他热处理)以及这些热处理技术对3D打印钛合金试件机械性能、微观结构的影响,为改进可摘局部义齿钛合金支架的热处理技术提供理论依据。方法:采用计算机检索中国知网、PubMed和ScienceDirect数据库中有关3D打印钛合金热处理试件的文献资料,检索时限为2012-2023年,根据纳入和排除标准,最终选取61篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①使用常规退火技术处理3D打印钛合金试件,使其在500-900℃下保持2-4 h,能有效增加3D打印钛合金试件的延伸率。②固溶时效处理相较于常规退火技术更复杂,固溶时效处理后的钛合金试件在屈服强度方面表现突出,并且有更好的耐腐蚀性;但固溶时效处理后的3D打印钛合金试件在延伸性方面没有优势。③热等静压处理可以减少3D打印钛合金试件的内部缺陷,可明显增加3D打印钛合金试件延伸率,并增加其疲劳寿命。④快速热处理可以明显提高3D打印钛合金试件的延伸率,并且速度更快,在延伸率提升和热处理效率方面,比以往常规的退火更具优势。⑤循环热处理对3D打印钛合金试件延伸率的提升超过了常规退火,循环热处理可明显改善3D打印钛合金试件的晶粒结构,但热处理时间过长,效率较低。

基于PVA-SA包埋颗粒的短程硝化AO工艺脱氮性能优化

采用聚乙烯醇-海藻酸钠(PVA-SA)包埋材料固定短程硝化活性污泥在连续流AO(Anaerobic/Oxic)反应器中处理生活污水并实现稳定的短程硝化.利用响应曲面法,对水力停留时间(HRT)、内循环比以及填充率等参数进行研究,探讨了对亚硝酸盐积累率(NAR)和总氮去除率(NRE)的影响,并成功建立了二次回归模型.结果表明,控制参数HRT为6.43h,内循环比为2.93,好氧段填充率为25%,此时NAR和NRE效果最佳,分别达到86.22%和86.56%,表明该工艺具有良好的脱氮性能.此外,还通过活死细菌及原位荧光杂交(FISH)发现,活菌主要分布在颗粒表面0~500μm范围内,死菌分布在0~300μm范围内,并随着深度增加荧光强度逐渐降低.最后,16SrRNA测序结果表明,长期运行的包埋颗粒相比于短程硝化活性污泥中Nitrosomonas的相对丰度由0.013%增加到5.02%,Nitrospira由0.055%增加到1.99%,硝化细菌中亚硝酸氧化细菌(NOB)的比例被降低,而氨氧化细菌(AOB)的比例升高,促进了短程硝化脱氮效果的稳定.

张口受限患者的数字化修复1例及文献回顾

目的探讨因系统性硬皮病导致的特殊张口受限(小口畸形)患者取模困难时准确得到其口内模型的方法。方法本研究遵循医学伦理,并获得患者知情同意。对1例肯氏Ⅰ类下颌牙列缺损的硬皮病张口受限患者应用以数字化技术为主导,结合传统印模方式的分段印模方案。根据其本身的左、右下颌牙列制作个别托盘后进行分段式取模,同时口内扫描取得上、下颌软硬组织形态数据。在获得各部分模型后,对下颌模型进行扫描和数字对齐,形成最终的牙列模型,并借助CAD/CAM技术设计制作最终的可摘局部义齿,同时结合文献对张口受限患者可摘局部义齿修复诊疗进行回顾分析。结果义齿固位良好,获得了良好的修复效果,患者对该义齿的咀嚼效率等功能行使均满意。文献复习结果表明,数字化技术结合传统印模方法,利用计算机进行拟合可以准确地得到患者口内模型,为后续修复做好基础工作。然而患者下颌牙列前段无牙时该流程误差可能较大,仍需要进一步完善。结论以数字化技术为主导,结合传统印模方式的分段印模方案用于修复张口受限患者的牙列缺损效果良好,患者就医体验、满意度高,值得临床推广。

高效氨氮去除菌群构建及其在弱酸性条件下的应用

生物脱氮技术在高氨氮废水处理过程中因废水的水质特异性问题存在启动时间长、脱氮效率低等瓶颈,而筛选的单一高效脱氮菌株在实际废水处理过程中也存在稳定性差的问题。在筛选出大量高效异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌株的基础上,通过部分因子实验确定了核心菌株139^(#)和142^(#),结合代谢关联与分层抽样方法优化菌株组合,人工构建高效脱氮菌群,在pH为5.5的条件下与污泥混合培养复筛得到了最佳菌群组合,最终采用反应器模拟弱酸性废水处理实验对构建菌群的脱氮能力进行了验证。结果表明:筛选出的高效菌群P44-P83-A88-P94-A142在初始NH_(4)^(+)-N质量浓度为200 mg/L,初始pH为5.5的条件下,48 h时对NH_(4)^(+)-N的去除率达到96.97%;利用反应器模拟实际废水环境,在pH为5.5的弱酸性条件下,加入该菌群使得体系对NH_(4)^(+)-N的去除率从44.89%提升到了75.17%,出水pH从6.9左右提高到了8.3左右。该研究可为人工构建菌群在弱酸性废水脱氮处理中的应用提供理论依据。

不同金刚砂车针对两种氧化锆切削行为的研究

目的研究临床常见两种不同类型氧化锆材料的耐磨性和被切削表现以及不同金刚砂车针对两种氧化锆的切削效率。方法使用Mani和RAICH金刚砂车针在匀速恒力状态下切削多色多层氧化锆(MY锆)与超透氧化锆(ST锆),并且用Micro-CT系统对体积损失部分进行扫描重建,计算两种氧化锆的体积损失,评价其耐磨性。用两种氧化锆材料的体积损失与车针质量损失之比来评价两种车针的切削效率。使用SEM观察切削前后的两种氧化锆材料和两种金刚砂车针的表面微观形貌。结果多色多层氧化锆体积损失较超透氧化锆大,且随切削深度增加而减少。多色多层锆体积损失为MY 1st=20.07 mm^(3),MY 2nd=16.73 mm^(3),MY 3rd=13.5 mm^(3)。超透氧化锆体积损失为ST=12.64 mm^(3)。耐磨性排序:ST>MY 3rd>MY 2nd>MY1st。RAICH车针平均切削效率为109.21;Mani车针的平均切削效率为110.59,经t检验,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论多层多色氧化锆越靠近浅层越容易切削,比超透氧化锆更容易切削;两种车针的切削效率基本相等。

二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥修复个别前牙缺失的临床应用

目的探讨二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥修复个别前牙缺失的临床效果,为个别前牙缺失修复方式的选择提供参考。方法本研究已通过单位伦理委员会审查批准,并获得患者知情同意。选取42例单颌前牙缺失数量在两颗内的患者,采用二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥修复,修复后6个月、1年、2年、3年进行随访,评价美学、功能修复效果及牙周健康状况,并采用视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)调查患者的满意度。结果观察期间,42例二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥修复的患者中有1例3个月内连接体发生断裂,1例2年内发生脱粘;美学修复效果的等级均评定为A级;修复后牙周健康状况良好,基牙及桥体下的软硬组织无临床吸收现象,评价指标均为A级;患者总满意率为100%。结论对于个别前牙缺失,二硅酸锂基玻璃陶瓷单端树脂粘接桥可达到微创、固位牢靠、美观舒适和生物相容性好的修复效果,患者满意度高,在临床中可以考虑作为一种理想的修复方式。

污水生化处理工艺发展阶段化技术特征及未来趋势

百余年来,伴随人类社会和科技日新月异,污水生化处理技术也在实现快速发展与不断迭代,新工艺与新反应器、新功能微生物与新生化代谢途径不断被提出、发现和解析,并进一步推动了污水处理技术的进步与升级。回顾了过去百余年污水生化处理技术发展历程,就典型污水生化工艺,结合技术研发进展、技术成熟度及案例应用情况,给出了不同生化处理工艺代际划分与技术发展期“S曲线”,分析了近些年来新涌现出的一些革新性污水生化处理工艺的技术原理、技术特征,结合实际案例分析了工艺技术特征、技术优势与总体效能,从工艺强化、绿色低碳与集约高效等方面总结了未来污水处理发展的技术趋势,以期为“双碳背景”下排水系统提质增效工作、未来国内前瞻性污水厂工艺设计与运行提供参考和借鉴。