The motivation of this paper is to show how to use the information from given distributions and to fit distributions in order to confirm models. Our examples are especially for disciplines slightly away from mathemati...The motivation of this paper is to show how to use the information from given distributions and to fit distributions in order to confirm models. Our examples are especially for disciplines slightly away from mathematics. One minor result is that standard deviation and mean are at most a more or less good approximation to determine the best Gaussian fit. In our first example we scrutinize the distribution of the intelligence quotient (IQ). Because it is an almost perfect Gaussian distribution and correlated to the parents’ IQ, we conclude with mathematical arguments that IQ is inherited only which is assumed by mainstream psychologists. Our second example is income distributions. The number of rich people is much higher than any Gaussian distribution would allow. We present a new distribution consisting of a Gaussian plus a modified exponential distribution. It fits the fat tail perfectly. It is also suitable to explain the old problem of fat tails in stock returns.展开更多
In the United States, envenomations by native scorpion species such as Centruroides are common and generally well-tolerated. On the contrary, Androctonus species envenomations are exceedingly rare outside the Middle E...In the United States, envenomations by native scorpion species such as Centruroides are common and generally well-tolerated. On the contrary, Androctonus species envenomations are exceedingly rare outside the Middle East and North Africa but are particularly deadly. We report a case of envenomation by an Egyptian Yellow Fat Tail (Androctonus amoreuxi) scorpion and the subsequent clinical course. A hobbyist and dangerous scorpion collector was stung by his pet Androctonus amoreuxi, purchased online. Our patient rapidly developed severe localized pain followed by systemic effects, including tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnea, anxiety, GI symptoms, diplopia, dyspnea, profound myalgias, and intense paresthesias. Ultimately, he was diagnosed with a grade 2-to-3 scorpion envenomation based upon evidence of autonomic hyperactivity and cranial nerve dysfunction. He never progressed to cardiopulmonary compromise;neither dobutamine nor antivenom was administered, and he improved with supportive care alone. Case details were verified in person and via electronic medical record review.展开更多
为了解脂尾绵羊的尾部性状特征,该试验选择滩羊典型生产区开展调查和试验观测,通过测量滩羊尾部尺寸、重量及尾骨特征,分析滩羊尾型特征及脂尾性状间的表型相关。结果显示:滩羊尾型可分为圆盘形尾、楔形尾和三角形尾3种;滩羊尾椎数量为1...为了解脂尾绵羊的尾部性状特征,该试验选择滩羊典型生产区开展调查和试验观测,通过测量滩羊尾部尺寸、重量及尾骨特征,分析滩羊尾型特征及脂尾性状间的表型相关。结果显示:滩羊尾型可分为圆盘形尾、楔形尾和三角形尾3种;滩羊尾椎数量为17~21枚不等:根据尾椎椎骨的完整程度,滩羊的尾椎可分为4类,第1类尾椎的横突、棘突、椎弓、椎孔完整,第2类尾椎的横突完整,棘突、椎弓、椎孔退化,第3类尾椎的横突、棘突、椎弓、椎孔均发生退化,第4类尾椎椎骨之间融合,无关节囊。滩羊尾重与尾厚,尾脂率与尾重及尾脂重之间相关性显著。滩羊尾重与尾长、尾厚之间的最优回归方程为:y=-2.237+0.401 x 3+0.041 x 1(R 2=0.634,P<0.01)。展开更多
文摘The motivation of this paper is to show how to use the information from given distributions and to fit distributions in order to confirm models. Our examples are especially for disciplines slightly away from mathematics. One minor result is that standard deviation and mean are at most a more or less good approximation to determine the best Gaussian fit. In our first example we scrutinize the distribution of the intelligence quotient (IQ). Because it is an almost perfect Gaussian distribution and correlated to the parents’ IQ, we conclude with mathematical arguments that IQ is inherited only which is assumed by mainstream psychologists. Our second example is income distributions. The number of rich people is much higher than any Gaussian distribution would allow. We present a new distribution consisting of a Gaussian plus a modified exponential distribution. It fits the fat tail perfectly. It is also suitable to explain the old problem of fat tails in stock returns.
文摘In the United States, envenomations by native scorpion species such as Centruroides are common and generally well-tolerated. On the contrary, Androctonus species envenomations are exceedingly rare outside the Middle East and North Africa but are particularly deadly. We report a case of envenomation by an Egyptian Yellow Fat Tail (Androctonus amoreuxi) scorpion and the subsequent clinical course. A hobbyist and dangerous scorpion collector was stung by his pet Androctonus amoreuxi, purchased online. Our patient rapidly developed severe localized pain followed by systemic effects, including tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnea, anxiety, GI symptoms, diplopia, dyspnea, profound myalgias, and intense paresthesias. Ultimately, he was diagnosed with a grade 2-to-3 scorpion envenomation based upon evidence of autonomic hyperactivity and cranial nerve dysfunction. He never progressed to cardiopulmonary compromise;neither dobutamine nor antivenom was administered, and he improved with supportive care alone. Case details were verified in person and via electronic medical record review.
文摘为了解脂尾绵羊的尾部性状特征,该试验选择滩羊典型生产区开展调查和试验观测,通过测量滩羊尾部尺寸、重量及尾骨特征,分析滩羊尾型特征及脂尾性状间的表型相关。结果显示:滩羊尾型可分为圆盘形尾、楔形尾和三角形尾3种;滩羊尾椎数量为17~21枚不等:根据尾椎椎骨的完整程度,滩羊的尾椎可分为4类,第1类尾椎的横突、棘突、椎弓、椎孔完整,第2类尾椎的横突完整,棘突、椎弓、椎孔退化,第3类尾椎的横突、棘突、椎弓、椎孔均发生退化,第4类尾椎椎骨之间融合,无关节囊。滩羊尾重与尾厚,尾脂率与尾重及尾脂重之间相关性显著。滩羊尾重与尾长、尾厚之间的最优回归方程为:y=-2.237+0.401 x 3+0.041 x 1(R 2=0.634,P<0.01)。
